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by Prof. Elizabeth Sparks / Higgins Hall 300

Syftet med studien var att studera om attraktiviteten hos en person kan påverka graden av hur moraliskt förkastlig en handling som utförs av personen bedöms vara och huruvida det föreligger någon könsskillnad. Med ett experiment undersöktes 151 studenter på ett medelstort universitet i södra Sverige. Deltagarna tilldelades ett fiktivt moraliskt scenario med ett bifogat foto av antingen en oattraktiv eller en attraktiv person. En kontrollgrupp blev tilldelade samma scenario men utan något foto. Därefter fick deltagarna svara på hur moraliskt förkastlig de upplevde handlingen som beskrevs i scenariot och hur attraktiv de upplevde personen på fotot vara. Ingen signifikant skillnad i moralisk förkastlighet framkom mellan attraktiv och oattraktivt foto, ej heller någon könsskillnad. Resultatet influerades sannolikt av ”criminal face effect”, den av Dumas & Testé (2012) beskrivna effekt. Om en moraliskt tvivelaktig handling utförs och gärningsmannen uppfyller en stereotyp bild hos en eventuell bedömare av hur någon som utför den handlingen ser ut kommer gärningsmannen att dömas hårdare än om stereotypen inte uppfylls. / The aim of the study was to determine whether the attractiveness of a person can influence the degree of how morally reprehensible an act performed by the person assessed and whether there is any gender difference. In an experiment, 151 students at a medium-sized university in southern Sweden participated. The participants were assigned a fictitious moral scenario with an attached photo of either an unattractive or attractive person. A control group were assigned the same scenario but with no photo. Subsequently, participants were asked how morally reprehensible they experienced the act described in the scenario and how attractive they thought the person on the photo to be. No significant difference in moral reprehensibility emerged between attractive and unattractive photo nor a gender difference. The result is likely influenced by the "criminal face effect," the effect described by Dumas & Teste (2012). If a morally dubious act is performed and the offender meets a stereotypical image of a possible estimator of how someone performs the action looks offender will be sentenced more severely than if the stereotype is not met.

Ineffectively addressing a first-time fathers' perception of pregnancy, childbirth, and fatherhood by medical providers and other medical personnel, may lead to problems of inadequate support, increased tension, anger, concern, and fear at a personal level and between partners. The purpose of this interpretive phenomenological study was to explore the perspective of first-time fathers during pregnancy, childbirth, and fatherhood. The biopsychosocial model was used as the framework to provide the foundation for this study. Research questions addressed first-time fathers' biggest fears, deepest concerns, and most embarrassing questions related to pregnancy, childbirth, and fatherhood as well as the emotion and physical changes that a first-time father may encounter. Data from 12 participants was collected using one-on-one interviews. These interviews were analyzed, utilizing the biopsychosocial model as a guide for assessing social, psychological, and physical relationships and themes. Several themes were identified; including both positive and negative themes, such as mood swings, and watching the belly grow during pregnancy. During labor, themes such as, it was a life changing experience and fear of something happening to the baby or mom during labor weigh heavy on the minds of first time fathers. Themes identified in fatherhood included becoming more selfless and responsible, fear of making a mistake as a father, and the difficulties of fatherhood. The findings of this study will contribute to positive social change by providing a basis for developing appropriate and effective educational programs that will assist first-time fathers in optimizing their role throughout pregnancy, childbirth, and fatherhood.

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As globalization continues spreading , the risk of an increase in transnational crime becomes a greater reality. The purpose of this thesis is to study the relationship between the global migration crisis and its affects on terrorism. My main thesis is The Global Migration Crisis promotes the spread of terrorism. The dependent variable is terrorism. The independent variables are civil and foreign unrest, economic instability, and political insecurity that all bring about the opportunity of the Global Migration Crisis. As the Global Migration Crisis continues to expand throughout the world, transnational crime increases; thus providing a positive correlation between the two variables. Human trafficking and the refugee situation generally incorporate issues of transnational crime, such as drug and arms trafficking and terrorism. As human trafficking and refugee situations increase, the ability and elements needed to foster and promote transnational crime increases, particularly that of terrorism. Thus, if one wishes to reduce the occurrence and ability for terrorism, it is imperative to concentrate on reducing the elements that all it to spawn and exist.

Student Number : 0500547G - PhD thesis - School of Psychology - Faculty of Humanities / This study is aimed at understanding the role of assault severity, personality traits and rape myths in predicting rape victims’ psychological responses and coping styles. Specifically, the study assessed the mediating role of victims’ attribution in predicting psychological impacts of rape victimization and the coping styles. On the basis of theory, it was postulated that the severity of assault (as determined by either the use of physical force and/or the presence of weapons); intrapersonal resources of hardiness; and the acceptance of rape myths would have a direct influence on survivors’ psychological impact and on coping. The thesis provides comprehensive coverage of the prevalence of rape victimization; the trauma and psychological impacts of rape victimization; coping with rape victimization; and the theory on the role of social cognition (appraisal and attribution) in explaining victims’ responses to rape. The theoretical conceptualisation underpinning the study offers a unique integration of this body of knowledge within the South African context. In investigating the research question, two hundred and fifty adult black (African) South African women who had experienced rape in the previous month were interviewed about the event and their subsequent responses. The interviewees were drawn from Xhosa, SePedi and Zulu speaking communities. The study was located within the quantitative research tradition. A structured interview questionnaire was developed. Descriptive statistics were calculated and the emphasis of the analysis was in the area of the Structural Equation Model. The model was successful in terms of explained variance in accounting for the two types of coping; approach and avoidance coping dimensions followed by the psychological impact and attribution. The results showed psychological impact as explained through the symptoms of Hyperarousal, Intrusion and Avoidance had the greatest influence on coping of rape survivors. As hypothesized, the results confirmed that an increase in rape assaults severity resulted into increased levels of psychological distress. The findings indicated that internal styles of self-blame attribution (behavioural and characterological attribution) were prevalent among victims of rape in the present study. Although hardiness (commitment and control) dimensions were not found to significantly influence coping, an orientation of control and commitment amongst survivors was found to significantly influence the attribution styles. Furthermore, the control dimension was found to have a significant influence on victims’ psychological distress. Interestingly, the results revealed that acceptance of rape myths among survivors resulted in a decrease in psychological distress. The findings demonstrate the strength of the current study in the development and testing of theoretically based models of processing rape victimization recovery among rape survivors. The implications of the data are explored.

Sociala medier har utvecklats till den moderna tidens platsbank och har skapat en spridning av annonseringsplatser. I två studier undersöktes arbetssökandes upplevelse av denna utveckling. Studie 1 bestod av 30 kvalitativa enkäter som resulterade i följande teman: (1) relationer, (2) ovetande och (3) lättillgänglighet. Studie 2 bestod av 11 djupintervjuer som resulterade i de tre ovannämnda tema samt (4) aktivering, (5) sociala medier speglar personlighet och (6) marknadsföring. Båda studierna visade att individen upplever att denna förändring har skapat nya möjligheter och påfrestningar för den arbetssökande. Resultatet i de två studierna beskriver sociala mediers påverkan på hur och var individer söker arbeten, samt känslan av att deras privatliv och personliga egenskaper har en större inverkan på individens anställningsbarhet. Resultaten kan ligga till grund för vidare studier om arbetssökande och sociala medier.

Sociala medier har utvecklats till den moderna tidens platsbank ochhar skapat en spridning av annonseringsplatser. I två studierundersöktes arbetssökandes upplevelse av denna utveckling. Studie 1bestod av 30 kvalitativa enkäter som resulterade i följande teman: (1)relationer, (2) ovetande och (3) lättillgänglighet. Studie 2 bestod av 11djupintervjuer som resulterade i de tre ovannämnda tema samt (4)aktivering, (5) sociala medier speglar personlighet och (6)marknadsföring. Båda studierna visade att individen upplever attdenna förändring har skapat nya möjligheter och påfrestningar för denarbetssökande. Resultatet i de två studierna beskriver sociala medierspåverkan på hur och var individer söker arbeten, samt känslan av attderas privatliv och personliga egenskaper har en större inverkan påindividens anställningsbarhet. Resultaten kan ligga till grund förvidare studier om arbetssökande och sociala medier.