Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-12-21T11:28:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luane Neves Santos.pdf: 2173879 bytes, checksum: 2e95d8f77f461ce9146a3324e5489175 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-21T11:28:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luane Neves Santos.pdf: 2173879 bytes, checksum: 2e95d8f77f461ce9146a3324e5489175 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-12 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This work is a historiographical study developed with the aim of analyzing the social commitment of Brazilian psychology in the light of its development and understood as a critical project. The historiographical writing was based on dialectical historical materialism as a perspective for the production of historical reading, including the categories proposed by Antonio Gramsci: organic intellectuals, relations of force and hegemony. The documents analyzed in this work were gathered from literature review, including articles, books, dissertations, theses as well as from the mapping of events of the area of psychology such as the Mostras Nacionais de Práticas (National Exhibits of Practices) and editions of the Congresso Nacional da Psicologia (National Congress of Psychology), produced by Sistema Conselhos. Professional projects express principles of society projects and can be constructed by any category from an ideal image about itself and the effect it wishes to produce in the world. As a professional project, social commitment presents three dialectically interwoven dimensions: it is at the same time the condition of the project by providing the philosophical base in the sense of an organic ideology to the interests of the working classes, evidencing the alignment to a society project, as an alternative to the capitalist order; an element of the project, its public face, when it presents itself as a motto subsidized by the representative entities; and the broad designation of the project, which aggregates different political strategies to consolidate this perspective. Social commitment indicates the critical perspective as transversal stance to different personages and historical moments: initially, criticism towards type of population served and workplace; subsequently, towards instruments, theoretical models and methods used; and most recently in the discussion of the feasibility and risks taken by its adoption as a project in psychology. The constitution of the historical course of social commitment enabled us to conclude that this project intends to contribute to the transformation of society and, in its development, substantially transforms psychology / O presente trabalho apresenta-se como um estudo historiográfico que tem por objetivo analisar o compromisso social da psicologia brasileira sob a ótica do desenvolvimento desse projeto profissional, entendido como um projeto crítico. A escrita historiográfica baseou-se no materialismo histórico dialético como perspectiva para a produção da leitura histórica, incluindo as categorias propostas por Antonio Gramsci: intelectuais orgânicos, relações de força e hegemonia. Os documentos analisados foram reunidos a partir de revisão de literatura, incluindo artigos, livros, dissertações, teses e do mapeamento de eventos da área da psicologia como as Mostras Nacionais de Práticas e as edições do Congresso Nacional da Psicologia, produzidos pelo Sistema Conselhos. Os projetos profissionais expressam princípios de projetos societários e podem ser construídos por qualquer categoria a partir de uma imagem ideal sobre si mesma e do efeito que deseja produzir no mundo. Como projeto profissional, o compromisso social apresenta três dimensões dialeticamente imbricadas: é, ao mesmo tempo, a condição do projeto, por fornecer a base filosófica no sentido de uma ideologia orgânica aos interesses das classes trabalhadoras evidenciando o alinhamento a um projeto societário alternativo à ordem capitalista; um elemento do projeto, sua face pública, quando se apresenta como um lema subsidiado pelas entidades representativas; e a designação ampla do projeto, agregadora de diferentes estratégias políticas para a consolidação dessa perspectiva. O compromisso social indica a perspectiva crítica como postura transversal aos diferentes atores e momentos históricos: inicialmente, uma crítica ao tipo de população atendida e ao local de trabalho; posteriormente aos instrumentos, modelos teóricos e métodos utilizados; e mais recentemente, na discussão sobre a viabilidade e os riscos colocados pela sua adoção como projeto na psicologia. A constituição do percurso histórico do compromisso social possibilitou-nos concluir que ele pretende contribuir para a transformação da sociedade e, em seu desenvolvimento, transforma substancialmente a psicologia

This dissertation examines how Marcel Proust presents and uses different speech styles in A la recherche du temps perdu. The narrator of the novel analyzes how almost everyone he encounters speaks and consistently bases his decisions about how to interact with others on his evaluation of their speech mannerisms. I argue that, through the narrator’s observations, Proust emphasizes the role of the socioindexicality of speech, or how the way a person speaks communicates their social identity, in mediating social relations. I begin by presenting the narrator’s comments on how social status is interpreted through the way that people speak. Then I turn in the second chapter to how the narrator’s understanding of what factors determine a person’s speech mannerisms changes over the course of his life. The third chapter argues that the narrator has a sustained interest in how people use speech to perform different identities and shows how his investigation into the reasons these performances succeed or fail informs Proust’s own technique of using different speech styles to create fictional characters in his novel. The last chapter discusses how Proust’s Jewish and gay characters adapt how they speak to avoid or overcome discrimination. In each of these chapters, I show how, in A la recherche, the way social identity is interpreted and performed through speech causes individuals to take on different identities. I argue that, through the narrator’s comments on this phenomenon, Proust demonstrates how it affects the structure of society while also studying the way it can be used to create fictional characters in a novel.

An increasingly popular way for global citizens to contribute to communities around the world is through international volunteering. In tandem with this growing trend, academic research in the field has increased to explore the goals, motivations, and impacts of international service on volunteers, host communities, and volunteer-sending organizations. One of the larger gaps in our understanding of global civic engagement though is the specifics of how and why, as well as the overall impact of international service on, host organizations that seek and/or accept international volunteers. Using an exploratory research design to collect and analyze survey data and open-ended email inquiry responses from almost 250 organizational representatives in 50+ countries, this dissertation expands the breadth and depth of knowledge on the relationship between host organizations and international volunteers. Findings include a broad and varied range of potential motivations for hosting international volunteers, from direct benefits to the host organization like leveraging organizational capacity to benefits extended to the broader community and volunteers themselves such as providing opportunities for cross-cultural interaction. In addition, host organization characteristics and opinions were compared between two global regions - Africa and Asia - and statistically significant relationships identified between characteristics and opinions of host organizations and their reported satisfaction with international volunteers. This study contributes new data on and from organizations that host international volunteers. Research findings also support and expand the field's understanding of international volunteer engagement as it relates specifically to organizational capacity and social capital theory.

No abstract available. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2011.

Recent research in economics and psychology has examined the childhood noncognitive skills which predict future economic success. However, there has been relatively little research on whether these skills predict future unemployment. This thesis uses data from four cohort studies (total N = 47,328) from Great Britain and the United States to examine how lifetime trajectories of unemployment are affected by childhood differences in self-control (chapter 3), conscientiousness (4), and mental health (5-6). These are some of the first studies to examine how pre-labor market measures of these psychological characteristics prospectively predict future unemployment. Chapters 3, 5 and 6 are the first studies to examine how early psychological characteristics interact with recessions to produce differential unemployment outcomes. After adjusting for cognitive ability and key sociodemographic indicators (e.g. gender, SES), all three of these psychological characteristics are found to predict future unemployment. The effects are statistically significant and economically meaningful, comparable in magnitude to the effects of intelligence. Chapter 3 shows that childhood with poor self-control were disproportionately more likely than their more self-controlled peers to become unemployed during the 1980s UK recession, and chapters 5 and 6 find a similar effect for children with high psychological distress compared to their less distressed peers during the 1980s UK recession and 2007 US recession. These studies demonstrate the value of using psychological research to examine economic outcomes. The chief policy implication is that interventions which improve childhood levels of self-control, conscientiousness and mental health may be an effective way to reduce future population unemployment levels. In the short term, remediation programs which take into account individual psychological differences may improve the efficacy of unemployment interventions, particularly during recessions when certain groups are more likely than others to become unemployed.

This thesis reports on a project which investigated how young native, Afrikaans-speaking Rhodes University students responded to the musical outfit Die Antwoord and to their music video “I Fink U Freeky”. The study attempted to establish how a selected group of Afrikaans-speaking students consisting of Whites, Coloureds and Blacks interpret the work of Die Antwoord as well as their own Afrikaans identity. The purpose of the study was to interrogate the relationship between artistic media, citizenship and belonging to a particular group. The thesis reports on the ways in which interviewees in the group discussions responded to notions of identity, whiteness, class, race, hybridity and creolization registered in the music video which was used to prompt the discussions. Finally the thesis reports on findings regarding the relationship between citizenship and the artistic media. The enormous change in the socio-political position of Afrikaans-speakers in the post -1994 dispensation provides the social context of the study. The project utilised qualitative research and a reception study of the music was undertaken by means of focus group discussions in order to arrive at thick descriptions in an attempt to understand the contextual behaviour of the participants. It was postulated that Die Antwoord provides a discursive site within which audiences could generate their own innovative meanings regarding being Afrikaans. While there was no clear indication that the identities of the participants was constructed by the media, the video prompted discussions regarding identity and provided evidence that media texts are capable of stimulating an interrogation of identities. It emerged that all participants, while abandoning some aspects of Afrikaans culture, strongly embraced and highly valued the language. Participants did not regard race as an important aspect of citizenship. Vociferous discussions regarding class demonstrated how media texts can influence citizenship. Discussions about hybridization and creolization demonstrated how the media can challenge received conceptions regarding citizenship. Responses provided evidence that the media could stimulate new forms of citizenship and contribute to the inclusion of previously excluded subjects. The research findings clearly demonstrate links between artistic media, citizenship and belonging to a group of Afrikaanses rather than Afrikaners. Post- 1994 young Afrikaans-speakers in this study provided clear evidence that they are exploring new and alternative ways of being Afrikaans.

Literature has shown that Korean immigrants experience severe depressive symptoms due to the stresses associated with immigration. The purpose of this study is to extend current research on stress and depression to the Korean immigrant population in the United States. While most studies on Korean immigrants focus almost entirely on the unsettling nature of immigration, the current study focused on the role of stress-resistance variables (mediating factors) in the relationship between various sources of stress and depression among Korean immigrants. This study investigated the relationship between stressors and depression and the effects of such mediating variables as coping strategies, social support, personal resources (mastery and self-esteem), and religiosity on the stressors-depression relationship among the Korean population. The sample of this study consisted of 374 Korean immigrants who migrated to the United States at the age of 16 or older. Structural Equation Modeling was used to test the study hypotheses. Results found detrimental effects of stressors on the level of depression, as well as mediating effects of perceived social support and personal resources (selfesteem and mastery) on the relationship between stressors and depression. However, no mediating effects of coping strategies and religiosity on the relationship between stressors and depression were found. Implications for social work practice, research, theory, policy, and education are discussed.

Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A combined quantitative and qualitative methodology was employed in order to explore the intimate heterosexual context of coloured* pregnant adolescents as a determinant of their sexual risk-taking behaviour. Structured questionnaires were completed by forty young women attending prenatal clinics in the Stellenbosch area, and unstructured open-ended interviews subsequently conducted with ten selected respondents. It was found that the heterosexual relationships in which these girls were involved, tended to be intense emotional attachments based upon a foundation of friendship and trust, and reinforced by cultural notions of romantic love. In the wake of working class socioeconomic circumstances these relationships became a primary source of meaning-giving in respondents' lives, pervading all aspects of their everyday existence and guiding their future prospects. And it is in this context that sex prevailed as a means of deepening the emotional experience and pursuing relationship maintenance. Reproductive health interventions for coloured female adolescents would have to acknowledge these complexities and act upon them in ingenuous ways. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Gekombineerde kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe metodologie is geïmplementeer ten einde te bepaal op welke wyse die intieme heteroseksuele konteks van kleurling* swanger adolessente hulle seksueel riskante gedrag beïnvloed. Gestruktureerde vraelyste is voltooi deur veertig jong vroue wat prenatale klinieke in die Stellenbosch area bygewoon het, waarop ongestruktureerde nie-leidende onderhoude met tien geselekteerde respondente gevoer is. Dit is bevind dat hierdie meisies se heteroseksuele verhoudings meestal intense emosionele verbintenisse was, wat gebaseer is op 'n grondslag van vriendskap en vertroue, en wat versterk is deur kulturele opvattings van romantiese liefde. In die lig van werkersklas sosio-ekonomiese omstandighede, het hierdie verhoudings 'n primêre bron van betekenis in respondente se lewens geword. Dit het alle aspekte van hulle daaglikse bestaan beïnvloed en hulle toekomsvooruitsigte gerig. En dit is binne sodanige konteks wat seks beoefen is. Dit was instrumenteel ten einde verdieping van die emosionele ervaring en voortsetting van die verhouding te probeer bewerkstellig. Reproduktiewe gesondheidsintervensies vir kleurling vroulike adolessente sal erkenning moet gee aan hierdie kompleksiteite en vindingryke oplossings daarvoor moet genereer.

Within the Caribbean, the islands of Guadeloupe and Martinique are unusual: they are French overseas departments and thus also European Union members. As such, they must assimilate to French national culture even though their heterogeneous populations, mainly descendants of exploited imported labour, have their own unique island identity. Their heavy economic dependence on France and the effects of modernization and globalization pose further identitarian challenges for them. Franco-Antillean literature clearly reflects this long-standing identity confusion. This thesis explores two very recent novels— Toxic Island by Guadeloupean Ernest Pépin and L’Empreinte à Crusoé by Martinican Patrick Chamoiseau— and their divergent stylistic treatments of individuation. Both are inspired by Édouard Glissant’s theories of Relation and Tout- Monde; both engage questions of language, orality, the island space, race, the subject of alterity and the role of the arts and artists in identity formation. Yet both are also marked by distinctly unique forms of ambivalence. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2015 / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Este estudo apresenta a ação clínica psicológica no âmbito das Políticas Públicas de ressocialização da população carcerária adulta. Para tanto, se caracteriza a instituição carcerária e o processo de encarceramento, além da descrição das Políticas Públicas de ressocialização no Sistema Prisional de Pernambuco. Este contexto serve de base para a compreensão das ações dos psicólogos, colhidas em suas narrativas, procurando-se estabelecer um diálogo com as políticas vigentes. Conforme o Ministério do Trabalho e o Conselho Federal de Psicologia, essa área de atuação é o da Psicologia Jurídica e não se resume à prática da avaliação psicológica, embora ainda seja hegemônica em todo o país. Os psicólogos, nesse contexto, deparam-se com demandas voltadas para a reintegração de homens e mulheres à sociedade, o que lhes exige engajamento e contribuições da psicologia nas políticas do Estado para essa população. O trabalho de campo foi realizado em uma UP- Unidade Prisional feminina e outra masculina; lançamos mão do método cartográfico, na medida em que este nos permite acompanhar o processo das experiências vividas, narradas pelos profissionais participantes e a afetação da pesquisadora nesses contatos. Os resultados foram analisados a partir da hermenêutica compreensivista e no diálogo com a diversidade desse campo que é jurídico, é social e é clínico. Concluímos que as ações desenvolvidas pelos psicólogos nessas UPs, quando possível, ocorrem em condições precárias, sem lugar digno tanto físico como subjetivo para a ciência psicológica e são atravessadas pela precarização dos vínculos trabalhistas, as relações de poder marcadas pelas hierarquias jurídicas, a impotência diante das violências e violações de direitos fundamentais dos seres humanos. As contribuições exitosas são pontuais e se perdem na falta de um projeto integrado com outras áreas do saber e denunciam a falta de um projeto de ressocialização que contemple não somente as necessidades, mas, sobretudo, as expectativas dos apenados, da justiça e da sociedade. Este quadro mostra a premente necessidade de Políticas Públicas que atendam, de fato, aos objetivos de ressocialização pretendidos. / The present study aims investigating the psychological clinic action within the scope of Public Policies of resocialization of adult prison population. For this purpose, it characterizes the prison institution and the process of incarceration, also the description of Public Policies of resocialization in the prison system of Pernambuco. This context is the basis for comprehending the psychologists'actions, having been gathered their narratives, aiming to establish a dialog with the actual policies. The insertion of psychologists in this field of work, in Brazil, occurred in the decade of 1970, in forensic psychiatric hospitals to psychological reports, but became permanent in 1984 due to the Law of Penal Executions which requires the participation of these professionals in the Classification Technical Committee to perform the toxicological examination. According to the Ministry of Labour and the Federal Council of Psychology, this area of work belongs to the Forensic Psychology and is not limited to psychological evaluation, albeit it is still hegemonic nationwide. The psychologists, in this context, face demands aimed at reintegrating men and women to the society, which requires engagement and assisting from psychology in the state policies for this population. The fieldwork has been done in both a women's and a men's PU (Prison Unit); we made use of the cartographic method, in that it allows us to trace the experiences, narrated by the participating professionals and the involvement of the researcher in these cases. The results has been analyzed making use of understanding hermeneutics and the dialog with the diversity of this field, which is juridical, social and clinical. We concluded that the activities developed by these psychologists in those PUs, when possible, occurred in poor conditions with no decent place, both physical and subjective, to the psychological science and are hampered by the growing precarious state of the labour ties, the power relations haracterised by legal hierarchy, the powerlessness against and the violence and violations of fundamental human rights. The successful contribuitions are quite particular and are lost amid the lack of a integrated project between various areas of knowledge and denounce as well the lack of a resocialization project that actually meet the expectations of the convicted, the justice and society. This scenario shows the pressing need of public policies that meet the intended resocialization goals.