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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Sanitizing Interventions : PHS VD Research in Guatemala and the rise of public health

Crafts, Lydia 09 November 2012 (has links)
The U.S. Public Health Service led human-subject experiments in Guatemala during the late 1940s in which the researchers intentionally infected prisoners, soldiers, and psychiatric patients with venereal disease to study prophylaxis and treatment for syphilis, gonorrhea, and chancroid. The U.S. doctors also conducted a serological study in an attempt to standardize blood testing methods for venereal disease in Central America. This thesis argues that the PHS went to Guatemala not just for the opportunities it presented for research, but also because the organization was seeking to expand its influence in Latin America during this time period. Through experimentation and serological testing in relation to venereal disease, this thesis suggests that the U.S. doctors sought to produce knowledge about venereal disease in Central Americans as part of their goal to augment their role as medical authorities in the region. / text
2

Condições de acessibilidade a uma unidade básica de saúde do município de Botucatu, São Paulo, 1999

Oikawa, Luzia Tiemi [UNESP] January 2001 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2001Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:17:54Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 oikawa_lt_me_botfm.pdf: 261151 bytes, checksum: c62a888e2773e9ae391eae8670076b39 (MD5) / A condição da acessibilidade aos serviços básicos de atenção à saúde envolve um conjunto de variáveis, tais como: distância entre a moradia e o serviço de saúde, a capacidade de oferta do serviço, a receptividade do funcionário para com o usuário, o intervalo de tempo entre o agendamento e a obtenção da ação de saúde requerida pelo usuário, a necessidade do usuário, entre outras. Como estas variáveis se apresentam e se relacionam entre si, merece ser conhecido, analisado e disponibilizado a todos aqueles que se interessam pelo bom funcionamento do sistema de saúde. O presente trabalho reúne informações que contextualizam teórica e conjunturalmente o objeto de estudo, qual seja, acessibilidade à rede pública de atenção básica à saúde de Botucatu, que aqui é estudada analisando-se o Centro de Saúde “Dr. Sebastião de Almeida Pinto”. Para o desenvolvimento deste estudo, realizaram-se 269 entrevistas domiciliares entre moradores da área de abrangência do Centro de Saúde. Também foram coletadas opiniões dos membros da equipe deste serviço estudado através de questionário. Os resultados obtidos indicam, entre outros aspectos, que dos moradores entrevistados na área de abrangência do serviço estudado, 69,5% (IC 90% 64,9% – 74,1%) são usuários e 30,5% (25,9% - 35,1%) não são usuários. Quanto às características demográficas dos moradores entrevistados, tanto usuários, quanto não usuários se concentram na faixa etária compreendida entre 20 e 50 anos de idade. Em relação ao sexo, entre os usuários, a clientela é majoritariamente feminina 84,5% (80,2% - 88,8%), ao passo que entre os não usuários, a distribuição do sexo é mais... / The accessibility to primary health care comprises a set of variables such as: distance between the house of the user and the health service, service offer, receptivity of the employee towards the user, the time spent between setting the appointment and the assistance required by the user and his necessities. How these variables occur and relate to one another is not only worth being studied and analyzed but it should also be provided to those interested in the appropriate management of the health system. This research gathers information which contextualize in theory and in practice the object of study that is, accessibility to public health service in Botucatu, which is studied through the evaluation of the Health Center “Dr. Sebastião de Almeida Pinto”. Two hundred and sixty nine interviews were made in the houses of the population of the area assisted by the Health Center and the opinion of the staff of this service was heard through questionnaires. The results show that among the dwellers of this area 69,5% (CI 90% 64,9% – 74,1%) are users, and 30,5% (25,9% - 35,1%) are non users. As to demographic characteristics, users as well as non-users, the age ranges from 20 to 50 years old. As to gender, among the users, the clientele is mostly female 84,5% (80,2% - 88,8%) but among the non-users sex distribution is more balanced 40,2% (31,4% - 49,1%) men and 59,8% (50,9% - 68,6%) women. Considering the relationship to the Health Center mainly the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
3

U.S. Public Health Service Nurse Officers Working in Disaster Settings

StAmand, Ingrid 01 January 2019 (has links)
The National Response Plan (NRP) was developed to provide support during national disasters. The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Corps is 1 of the 7 uniform services and contributes to the mission of the (NRP). The USPHS Commissioned Corps (CC) Officers may be deployed for national disasters at any time and they must be ready to deploy. The purpose of this phenomenological qualitative study was to explore the lived experiences of USPHS CC Nurse Officers who have deployed in response to disasters in the United States. This study addressed the gap in literature related to the deployment perception of USPHS Nurse Officers and may lead to an increase in deployment readiness. The lifeworld theory was used to guide the study that addressed the question of how nurse officers of the USPHS CC described their clinical nursing experience while deployed. Selection criteria used to recruit the 10 participants included USPHS Nurse Officers in non-clinical billets that have deployed in support of hurricane responses in 2017. In-depth interviews were conducted, and data were organized and analyzed using NVivo analysis software. The themes that emerged from the data included characteristics of nurse officers, clinical preparedness, training needs, challenges, and lessons learned. USPHS Nurse Officers perceived other nurse officers as resourceful, skillful educators, felt comfortable and prepared during the deployment, recommended additional training to benefit future Corps deployments, and identified physical and emotional challenges they experienced. These findings may assist in promoting positive social change within nursing practice of the USPHS Nurse Officers as it may enhance and improve readiness training, and USPHS policies for deployment readiness.
4

Condições de acessibilidade a uma unidade básica de saúde do município de Botucatu, São Paulo, 1999 /

Oikawa, Luzia Tiemi January 2001 (has links)
Orientador: Antonio Luiz Caldas Junior / Resumo: A condição da acessibilidade aos serviços básicos de atenção à saúde envolve um conjunto de variáveis, tais como: distância entre a moradia e o serviço de saúde, a capacidade de oferta do serviço, a receptividade do funcionário para com o usuário, o intervalo de tempo entre o agendamento e a obtenção da ação de saúde requerida pelo usuário, a necessidade do usuário, entre outras. Como estas variáveis se apresentam e se relacionam entre si, merece ser conhecido, analisado e disponibilizado a todos aqueles que se interessam pelo bom funcionamento do sistema de saúde. O presente trabalho reúne informações que contextualizam teórica e conjunturalmente o objeto de estudo, qual seja, acessibilidade à rede pública de atenção básica à saúde de Botucatu, que aqui é estudada analisando-se o Centro de Saúde "Dr. Sebastião de Almeida Pinto". Para o desenvolvimento deste estudo, realizaram-se 269 entrevistas domiciliares entre moradores da área de abrangência do Centro de Saúde. Também foram coletadas opiniões dos membros da equipe deste serviço estudado através de questionário. Os resultados obtidos indicam, entre outros aspectos, que dos moradores entrevistados na área de abrangência do serviço estudado, 69,5% (IC 90% 64,9% - 74,1%) são usuários e 30,5% (25,9% - 35,1%) não são usuários. Quanto às características demográficas dos moradores entrevistados, tanto usuários, quanto não usuários se concentram na faixa etária compreendida entre 20 e 50 anos de idade. Em relação ao sexo, entre os usuários, a clientela é majoritariamente feminina 84,5% (80,2% - 88,8%), ao passo que entre os não usuários, a distribuição do sexo é mais... (Resumo completo clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The accessibility to primary health care comprises a set of variables such as: distance between the house of the user and the health service, service offer, receptivity of the employee towards the user, the time spent between setting the appointment and the assistance required by the user and his necessities. How these variables occur and relate to one another is not only worth being studied and analyzed but it should also be provided to those interested in the appropriate management of the health system. This research gathers information which contextualize in theory and in practice the object of study that is, accessibility to public health service in Botucatu, which is studied through the evaluation of the Health Center "Dr. Sebastião de Almeida Pinto". Two hundred and sixty nine interviews were made in the houses of the population of the area assisted by the Health Center and the opinion of the staff of this service was heard through questionnaires. The results show that among the dwellers of this area 69,5% (CI 90% 64,9% - 74,1%) are users, and 30,5% (25,9% - 35,1%) are non users. As to demographic characteristics, users as well as non-users, the age ranges from 20 to 50 years old. As to gender, among the users, the clientele is mostly female 84,5% (80,2% - 88,8%) but among the non-users sex distribution is more balanced 40,2% (31,4% - 49,1%) men and 59,8% (50,9% - 68,6%) women. Considering the relationship to the Health Center mainly the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
5

A 12-month clinical trial examining the effects of a surface sealant on Class I composite resin restorations.

Nahsan, Flavia Pardo Salata, Wang, Linda, Modena, Karin Silva, Francisconi Dos Rios, Luciana Fàvaro, Silva, Luciana Mendonça da, Calabria, Marcela Pagani, Casas-Apayco, Leslie, Mondelli, Rafael Francisco Lia 03 1900 (has links)
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / A split-mouth, double-blind trial evaluated the effects of a surface sealant on the clinical performance of Class I composite resin restorations. In 16 patients, 27 pairs of maxillary and mandibular molars or premolars with Class I carious lesions or unsatisfactory restorations were restored with composite resin. For each pair, 1 surface was sealed with surface sealant. Clinical evaluations of marginal integrity, marginal discoloration, anatomical form, and secondary caries were performed by 2 experienced operators using modified US Public Health Service criteria 1-2 weeks and 6 and 12 months after treatment. Data were analyzed with the McNemar test (P < 0.05). After 6 months, only 1 (4%) sealed restoration presented a Bravo rating for marginal integrity. After 12 months, the Bravo ratings for marginal integrity were 2 (7%) for sealed restorations and 1 (4%) for nonsealed restorations. Restorations received a score of Alfa for all other parameters at all time periods. There were no statistically significant differences within or between the sealed and nonsealed groups (P = 1.0). The use of a surface sealant did not improve the clinical performance of posterior composite resin Class I restorations. / Revisión por pares
6

O centro de controle de zoonoses de mossoró rio grande o norte e sua relação com o bem estar animal e a comunidade / The center mossoró rio grande zoonoses control the north and Its relationship with animal welfare and the community

Costa, Vilcelânia Alves 26 February 2015 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-11T14:41:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VilcelaniaAC_DISSERT.pdf: 1435007 bytes, checksum: 316a2c9597f70db916224d377a46696d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-26 / The issues related to animal welfare (BEA) and bioethics has been the subject of much debate, especially when referring to the Zoonosis Control Centers (CCZ). That body is responsible for controlling the population of animals and, consequently, existing zoonoses in cities. In this context, can be seen problems due to a variety of factors that often affect not only public health but also animal welfare and the possibility of conflict between professionals of the institution and the population they served. Whereas, therefore, such a reality, aimed to analyze the CCZ serving Mossoró / RN, its relationship with the community and animal welfare. For this, we conducted field research on site CCZ, with observation and monitoring of the activities developed by the institution, as well as a questionnaire with open and closed questions to 36 employees of the CCZ. The research is still extended to five districts of the city, where questionnaires were applied, also with open and closed questions, the 385 residents of their neighborhoods. The data obtained after the questionnaires were subjected to statistical analysis using the R program, using the chi-square test, Fisher exact test, with a 5% significance level. From the observation of the activities developed by the local CCZ was found that this does not meet all the specific objectives set by the National Health Foundation (FUNASA), and its physical structure is not consistent with the proposed guidelines also for this, which compromises the welfare of the animals housed. Furthermore, although most professionals (78%) know what is animal welfare, only a small portion (28%) know issues related to bioethics, and 30% of those who know what bioethics has completed higher education, 10% have incomplete higher education, 50% have completed secondary level and 10% have completed secondary level. Regarding the perception of the community, the majority of respondents do not know what are the animal disease control centers, their purpose and which existing programs. Regarding the perception of the CCZ professionals about their relationship with the community conflicting data were highlighted, since they consider that their relationship is harmonious, but report that there is resistance from the population for their work. It follows that there is a perceived need on the expansion of services offered by the CCZ to the population in order to enable it to participate and collaborate in the control of zoonoses and control of stray animals. In addition, it is necessary to improve with regard to working conditions in the institution in order to ensure animal welfare and staff. However, this will only become feasible with efforts and interest of the government / As questões relacionadas ao bem estar animal (BEA) e a bioética tem sido alvo de grandes discussões, principalmente quando se referem aos Centros de Controle de Zoonoses (CCZ). O referido órgão é responsável pelo controle da população de animais e, consequentemente, de zoonoses vigentes nas cidades. Nesse contexto, podem-se observar problemas decorrentes de uma série de fatores que, muitas vezes, afetam não apenas a saúde pública, mas também o bem estar animal e a possibilidade de haver conflitos entre os profissionais dessa instituição e a população por eles atendida. Considerando, pois, tal realidade, objetivou-se analisar o serviço do CCZ do município de Mossoró/RN, sua relação com a comunidade e com o bem estar animal. Para isso, foi realizada pesquisa de campo no CCZ local, com observação e acompanhamento das atividades desenvolvidas pela instituição, bem como aplicação de questionário com perguntas abertas e fechadas aos 36 funcionários do CCZ. A pesquisa se estendeu ainda para cinco bairros da cidade, onde foram aplicados questionários, também com perguntas abertas e fechadas, a 385 moradores dos respectivos bairros. Os dados obtidos após a aplicação dos questionários foram submetidos à análise estatística com auxílio do Programa R, utilizando-se os testes qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher, com um nível de significância de 5%. A partir da observação das atividades desenvolvidas pelo CCZ local constatou-se que este não atende a todos os objetivos específicos estabelecidos pela Fundação Nacional de Saúde (FUNASA), e que sua estrutura física não condiz com as diretrizes preconizadas também por esta, o que compromete o bem estar dos animais alojados. Além disso, embora a maioria dos profissionais (78%) saiba o que é bem estar animal, apenas uma pequena parcela (28%) conhece assuntos relacionados à bioética, sendo que 30% dos que sabem o que é bioética tem ensino superior completo, 10% tem ensino superior incompleto, 50% tem nível médio completo e 10% tem nível médio incompleto. No tocante a percepção da comunidade, a maioria dos pesquisados não sabe o que são os centros de controle de zoonoses, sua finalidade e quais os programas existentes. Quanto à percepção dos profissionais do CCZ sobre a sua relação com a comunidade foram evidenciados dados conflitantes, uma vez que os mesmos consideram que a sua relação é harmoniosa, porém relatam que existe resistência por parte da população para com seu trabalho. Conclui-se que há uma necessidade perceptível quanto à ampliação dos serviços ofertados pelo CCZ à população a fim de que esta possa participar e colaborar no controle de zoonoses e no controle de animais errantes. Além disso, faz-se necessária a melhoria no que diz respeito às condições de trabalho na instituição, a fim de garantir o bem estar animal e dos funcionários. Todavia, isso só se tornará viável com esforços e interesse do poder público
7

A home physiotherapy service for stroke patients in Malta: constraints and recommendations. The process of setting up a home physiotherapy service for hospitalised stroke patients within the public health system in Malta - new knowledge contributing to a strategy document.

Lungaro-Mifsud, Stephen January 2009 (has links)
Home physiotherapy is a valid service option for the patient who was recently discharged from hospital after sustaining a stroke, as it enhances functional independence in friendly and familiar surroundings, as opposed to an outpatient clinic (Bader 2008). The aim of this study was to investigate the system responses to the planning and implementation of a home physiotherapy service as an innovation within the Maltese Public Health Service, uncovering barriers or constraints that influenced the introduction and development of state-run home physiotherapy in Malta. Method A qualitative approach was used for this research. A case study design was selected because it possessed contextual, descriptive and heuristic characteristics. Study participants planned and implemented the service using the available resources. Policy makers, physiotherapists, stroke patients and caregivers contributed to the study through their responses to, and experiences of, this service innovation. It was both an exploration and an opportunity to learn about service innovation from a Maltese perspective. A group of stakeholders were interviewed during the planning stage (Phase 1) of the home physiotherapy service. The main purpose of these interviews was to inform the design of the service. Another group of participants was interviewed in the active service stage (Phase 2) - at the beginning and at the end. The purpose here was to gather data from their direct experiences with home physiotherapy. Documents relevant to home rehabilitation were accessed and analysed hermeneutically. These included newspaper media, as it was considered a sensitive instrument to understand social context (Catalán Matamoros 2007; Davis 1990). Findings and discussion Data analysis identified categories of findings such as ¿barriers to the implementation of a new service¿, ¿attitudes to home physiotherapy¿ and ¿fragmented rehabilitation service¿. The category components were discussed and linked to the hermeneutical analysis of documents, offering a deeper understanding of the categories within the local context, and revealing a reinforcement of establishment-based health care. Conclusion The findings of this study provided an insight into the constraints that would appear if home physiotherapy, indeed home rehabilitation, were introduced by the Maltese Public Health Service. This research had an impact on the state physiotherapy services. Recommendations to help mitigate the constraints in an overarching manner were offered at the end of the thesis. To the international reader with experience in organised home physiotherapy, this study gives a glimpse into how issues that would seem trivial and obvious at first glance become significant challenges¿.challenges that the uninitiated would need to overcome.
8

A home physiotherapy service for stroke patients in Malta : constraints and recommendations : the process of setting up a home physiotherapy service for hospitalised stroke patients within the public health system in Malta : new knowledge contributing to a strategy document

Lungaro-Mifsud, Stephen January 2009 (has links)
Home physiotherapy is a valid service option for the patient who was recently discharged from hospital after sustaining a stroke, as it enhances functional independence in friendly and familiar surroundings, as opposed to an outpatient clinic (Bader 2008). The aim of this study was to investigate the system responses to the planning and implementation of a home physiotherapy service as an innovation within the Maltese Public Health Service, uncovering barriers or constraints that influenced the introduction and development of state-run home physiotherapy in Malta. Method A qualitative approach was used for this research. A case study design was selected because it possessed contextual, descriptive and heuristic characteristics. Study participants planned and implemented the service using the available resources. Policy makers, physiotherapists, stroke patients and caregivers contributed to the study through their responses to, and experiences of, this service innovation. It was both an exploration and an opportunity to learn about service innovation from a Maltese perspective. A group of stakeholders were interviewed during the planning stage (Phase 1) of the home physiotherapy service. The main purpose of these interviews was to inform the design of the service. Another group of participants was interviewed in the active service stage (Phase 2) - at the beginning and at the end. The purpose here was to gather data from their direct experiences with home physiotherapy. Documents relevant to home rehabilitation were accessed and analysed hermeneutically. These included newspaper media, as it was considered a sensitive instrument to understand social context (Catalán Matamoros 2007; Davis 1990). Findings and discussion Data analysis identified categories of findings such as 'barriers to the implementation of a new service', 'attitudes to home physiotherapy' and 'fragmented rehabilitation service'. The category components were discussed and linked to the hermeneutical analysis of documents, offering a deeper understanding of the categories within the local context, and revealing a reinforcement of establishment-based health care. Conclusion The findings of this study provided an insight into the constraints that would appear if home physiotherapy, indeed home rehabilitation, were introduced by the Maltese Public Health Service. This research had an impact on the state physiotherapy services. Recommendations to help mitigate the constraints in an overarching manner were offered at the end of the thesis. To the international reader with experience in organised home physiotherapy, this study gives a glimpse into how issues that would seem trivial and obvious at first glance become significant challenges - challenges that the uninitiated would need to overcome.
9

Violência contra a mulher: a percepção dos médicos das unidades básicas de saúde de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo / Violence against Women: Perception by the Physicians of the Basic Health Units of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo.

De Ferrante, Fernanda Garbelini 13 June 2008 (has links)
Este estudo desenvolveu-se como subprojeto de uma investigação denominada: “A interface entre a ocorrência e o atendimento de violência de gênero entre mulheres usuárias dos serviços públicos de saúde de Ribeirão Preto". A violência contra a mulher é um fenômeno complexo e muito prevalente no Brasil, atingindo todas as classes, raças, etnias e culturas. Mulheres nesta situação freqüentemente buscam os serviços de saúde para tratar sintomas associados à violência. Entretanto, os profissionais de saúde apresentam uma série de dificuldades. Desenvolvemos este estudo, entendendo que a violência de gênero é reconhecida como um problema de saúde pública por afetar a integridade física e mental da mulher, e que existe necessidade de acolher essa mulher no serviço de saúde. O estudo teve por objetivo de verificar a percepção dos médicos atuantes nas Unidades Básicas e Distritais de Saúde sobre a violência praticada contra mulheres por parceiros íntimos. Realizamos uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo com 14 médicos ginecologistas e clínicos gerais, utilizando como instrumento entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Realizamos análise de conteúdo temática utilizando como referencial teórico as teorias de gênero. A análise dos resultados permitiu-nos definir os seguintes temas: 1. Percepções dos médicos sobre as relações de gênero; 2. Percepção dos médicos sobre a violência; 3. Papel dos médicos diante da violência doméstica contra a mulher; 4. Conhecimentos e informações sobre a violência doméstica contra a mulher; que foram divididos em várias subcategorias. De acordo com os médicos, a mulher atual conquistou sua liberdade e independência sexual, no entanto, a hegemonia masculina ainda é muito presente. Compreendem que a violência de gênero ocorre devido às desigualdades que pautam o sistema social que acabam por justificar os eventos violentos como atitudes educativas e punitivas, aceitas pela posição social ocupada pela mulher. Constatamos que alguns desses profissionais detêm conhecimentos sobre os tipos de violência de gênero, são capazes de identificar e muitas vezes acolher essas mulheres e também conhecem os procedimentos para o atendimento e o encaminhamento. Entretanto, muitas vezes não dão andamento aos casos, ignorando-os, ou porque não acreditam que este fenômeno seja de sua responsabilidade, ou ainda devido a uma série de barreiras pessoais e institucionais que impedem uma adequada atuação. Além disso, verificamos a existência de uma invisibilidade institucional que prejudica a qualidade do serviço prestado. Por fim, destacamos a importância do desenvolvimento de treinamento voltado para o profissional da área da saúde, com o objetivo de prepará-lo para melhor assistir à mulher em situação de violência, condição muito presente em seu cotidiano. / The present study was carried out as a subproject of an investigation named: “The interface between the occurrence of gender violence and its treatment among women users of the public health services of Ribeirão Preto". Domestic violence against women is a complex and highly prevalent phenomenon in Brazil, where it reaches all classes, races, ethnic groups, and cultures. Women who are victims of this violence frequently seek health services in order to treat the symptoms associated with it. However, health professionals have a series of difficulties in this situation. This study was conducted considering that gender violence is recognized as a public health problem affecting the physical integrity and mental health of women and there is a need to assist these women in the health service. This study has as objective to determine the perception of doctors working in the Basic and District Health Units about the violence inflicted on women by intimate partners. We carried out a qualitative investigation with 14 Gynecologists and General Clinicians using a semi-structured interview as instrument. Data were submitted to thematic content analysis and gender theories were used as the theoretical framework. Analysis of the results permitted us to define the following themes: 1. Perception of gender relations by the physicians; 2. Perception of violence by the physicians. 3. Role of the physicians regarding violence against women. 4. Knowledge and information about domestic violence against women. These themes were divided into various subcategories. According to the doctors, today women have conquered their liberty and sexual independence, but male hegemony continues to be strongly present. They understand that gender violence occurs due to the inequalities of the social system, which end up by justifying violent events as educational and punitive attitudes accepted by the social position occupied by women. We observed that some of these professionals have knowledge about the types of gender violence, are able to identify and often shelter these women, and are also aware of the procedures involved in treatment and referral. However, they often do not initiate the proper steps regarding these cases, ignoring them either because they do not believe this phenomenon to be their responsibility, or because of a series of personal and institutional barriers that prevent an adequate attitude. In addition, we observed the existence of institutional invisibility that hampers the quality of the care provided. Finally, we emphasize the importance of training programs for the health professional in order to improve the assistance to women in violent situation which is very frequently in the daily practice.
10

Violência contra a mulher: a percepção dos médicos das unidades básicas de saúde de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo / Violence against Women: Perception by the Physicians of the Basic Health Units of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo.

Fernanda Garbelini De Ferrante 13 June 2008 (has links)
Este estudo desenvolveu-se como subprojeto de uma investigação denominada: “A interface entre a ocorrência e o atendimento de violência de gênero entre mulheres usuárias dos serviços públicos de saúde de Ribeirão Preto”. A violência contra a mulher é um fenômeno complexo e muito prevalente no Brasil, atingindo todas as classes, raças, etnias e culturas. Mulheres nesta situação freqüentemente buscam os serviços de saúde para tratar sintomas associados à violência. Entretanto, os profissionais de saúde apresentam uma série de dificuldades. Desenvolvemos este estudo, entendendo que a violência de gênero é reconhecida como um problema de saúde pública por afetar a integridade física e mental da mulher, e que existe necessidade de acolher essa mulher no serviço de saúde. O estudo teve por objetivo de verificar a percepção dos médicos atuantes nas Unidades Básicas e Distritais de Saúde sobre a violência praticada contra mulheres por parceiros íntimos. Realizamos uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo com 14 médicos ginecologistas e clínicos gerais, utilizando como instrumento entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Realizamos análise de conteúdo temática utilizando como referencial teórico as teorias de gênero. A análise dos resultados permitiu-nos definir os seguintes temas: 1. Percepções dos médicos sobre as relações de gênero; 2. Percepção dos médicos sobre a violência; 3. Papel dos médicos diante da violência doméstica contra a mulher; 4. Conhecimentos e informações sobre a violência doméstica contra a mulher; que foram divididos em várias subcategorias. De acordo com os médicos, a mulher atual conquistou sua liberdade e independência sexual, no entanto, a hegemonia masculina ainda é muito presente. Compreendem que a violência de gênero ocorre devido às desigualdades que pautam o sistema social que acabam por justificar os eventos violentos como atitudes educativas e punitivas, aceitas pela posição social ocupada pela mulher. Constatamos que alguns desses profissionais detêm conhecimentos sobre os tipos de violência de gênero, são capazes de identificar e muitas vezes acolher essas mulheres e também conhecem os procedimentos para o atendimento e o encaminhamento. Entretanto, muitas vezes não dão andamento aos casos, ignorando-os, ou porque não acreditam que este fenômeno seja de sua responsabilidade, ou ainda devido a uma série de barreiras pessoais e institucionais que impedem uma adequada atuação. Além disso, verificamos a existência de uma invisibilidade institucional que prejudica a qualidade do serviço prestado. Por fim, destacamos a importância do desenvolvimento de treinamento voltado para o profissional da área da saúde, com o objetivo de prepará-lo para melhor assistir à mulher em situação de violência, condição muito presente em seu cotidiano. / The present study was carried out as a subproject of an investigation named: “The interface between the occurrence of gender violence and its treatment among women users of the public health services of Ribeirão Preto”. Domestic violence against women is a complex and highly prevalent phenomenon in Brazil, where it reaches all classes, races, ethnic groups, and cultures. Women who are victims of this violence frequently seek health services in order to treat the symptoms associated with it. However, health professionals have a series of difficulties in this situation. This study was conducted considering that gender violence is recognized as a public health problem affecting the physical integrity and mental health of women and there is a need to assist these women in the health service. This study has as objective to determine the perception of doctors working in the Basic and District Health Units about the violence inflicted on women by intimate partners. We carried out a qualitative investigation with 14 Gynecologists and General Clinicians using a semi-structured interview as instrument. Data were submitted to thematic content analysis and gender theories were used as the theoretical framework. Analysis of the results permitted us to define the following themes: 1. Perception of gender relations by the physicians; 2. Perception of violence by the physicians. 3. Role of the physicians regarding violence against women. 4. Knowledge and information about domestic violence against women. These themes were divided into various subcategories. According to the doctors, today women have conquered their liberty and sexual independence, but male hegemony continues to be strongly present. They understand that gender violence occurs due to the inequalities of the social system, which end up by justifying violent events as educational and punitive attitudes accepted by the social position occupied by women. We observed that some of these professionals have knowledge about the types of gender violence, are able to identify and often shelter these women, and are also aware of the procedures involved in treatment and referral. However, they often do not initiate the proper steps regarding these cases, ignoring them either because they do not believe this phenomenon to be their responsibility, or because of a series of personal and institutional barriers that prevent an adequate attitude. In addition, we observed the existence of institutional invisibility that hampers the quality of the care provided. Finally, we emphasize the importance of training programs for the health professional in order to improve the assistance to women in violent situation which is very frequently in the daily practice.

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