Orientador: Maria Encarnação Beltrão Sposito / Banca: Arthur Magon Whitacker / Banca: Eda Maria Góes / Banca: Antônio Firmino de Oliveira Neto / Banca: Oscar Alfredo Sobarzo Miño / Resumo: Por meio dessa pesquisa, realizamos uma reflexão acerca do espaço público no contexto da cidade. Num momento em que a sociedade clama por direito à cidade, procuramos enfatizar que lugares do espaço urbano podem contribuir para a formação de uma noção de espaço público enquanto lugares de sociabilidade urbana. Assim posto, esse trabalho aborda o processo de produção do espaço urbano na cidade de Guarapuava, Estado do Paraná, considerando sua dinâmica e relação com o espaço público, por meio das práticas socioespaciais que lhes são inerentes. Do ponto de vista teórico-conceitual, buscamos uma noção mais clara de espaço público, frente a uma generalização das acepções em torno do conceito, fato que leva à incompreensão do que, realmente, seja o espaço público na cidade, considerando as atuais circunstâncias. A partir desses pressupostos, trabalhamos com algumas acepções e perspectivas sobre o espaço público, destacando certas distinções teórico-conceituais que possam subsidiar a qualificação e atribuição de um estatuto a determinados lugares da cidade, enquanto espaços públicos. Ainda, no que concerne aos aspectos teóricos, essa pesquisa visa contribuir para os estudos da cidade e do urbano, enfatizando as práticas socioespaciais enquanto mediadoras das múltiplas formas de utilização e apropriação do espaço público, ou seja, os conteúdos que dão movimento ao processo de constituição da cidade, enquanto um espaço complexo e de múltiplos lugares e identidades. Tendo como base o trabalho de campo (instrumental empírico), associado ao referencial teóricometodológico, voltados a dimensões analíticas apoiadas nas idéias de centralidade e acessibilidade, além da opinião dos diferentes sujeitos sociais, buscamos compreender, com base na articulação dialética desse conjunto de procedimentos, como o espaço... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The aim of this research was analyzing public spaces in urban contexts. When society demands its right to the city, we have sought to emphasize which locales in urban space may contribute to develop a public space concept as a place for urban sociability. This investigation, held in Guarapuava, a city in Paraná State, had its focus on the process which produces urban space, taking into account its dynamic and relation to public spaces, by means of its intrinsic social-spatial practices. On the theoretic-conceptual point of view, we have tried to clarify the idea of public spaces, since this concept generalization has not helped to understand the real meaning of urban public spaces, considering the current circumstances. Based on this premise we have analyzed some public spaces perspectives and acceptations, considering theoretic-conceptual distinctions which permit classify certain city locales by attributing them the status of public space. This research aims also to contribute to city and urban studies, giving emphasis to the role of social-spatial practices as mediators of the multiple ways public spaces are used and appropriated, in other words, the elements responsible for the city constitution as a complex space with many locales and identities. After having performed field work (empirical procedure), related to theoretic-methodological reference, focused on analytic dimensions based on the ideas of centrality and accessibility, as well as on different social individuals' opinions, and trying to articulate dialectically all these procedures, we have sought to understand the way public spaces appear in city constitution processes by studying the expression of different social-spatial practices. Starting with these assumptions, public spaces have been analyzed as socially generated places, considering their general dynamic... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Esta dissertação tem por objeto as mesas de rua nas calçadas em bairro da zona oeste da cidade de São Paulo e as relações de convívio e conflito no processo de apropriação do espaço presente na experiência urbana, compondo a dimensão do vivido e das mudanças em curso no local. Parte-se da premissa que só existe a rua enquanto processos diversos de socialização são protagonizados, do contrário a rua torna-se única e somente uma via de transporte urbano, ou então um simples local de passagem. Estudar as condicionantes de transformação presentes em ruas do bairro e seu impacto no cotidiano dos citadinos e nos seus modos de vida e moradia através de entrevistas, abordando as condições adversas locais , que revelam-se no mínimo incômodas devido à poluição sonora, ao tráfego e a grande afluência de pessoas ao local em busca de lazer, em nome da cultura e do turismo. Elenca questões atuais nos conflitos existentes na configuração dos espaços públicos na cidade contemporânea e na vida cotidiana. / This work has as object the tables on the sidewalks in the streets of the neighborhood located at West of the city of São Paulo and the relations of coexistence and conflict in the space appropriation, inherent in the urban experience process, making the dimension of living experience and the ongoing changes in the location. Part on the assumption that there is only a street while various socialization process are promoted, otherwise the street becomes one and only one route of urban transport, or a simple place of passage. It investigates the transformation constrains present in the neighborhood\' streets and its impacts on the daily lives of city dwellers and theirs living experiences, addressing the adverse local conditions, which are revealed at least uncomfortable due to noise, traffic and the large influx of people to the site, in search of pleasure in the name of culture and tourism. It lists current issues in conflicts in the setting of public spaces in the contemporary city and everyday life in times of local change in face of real estate speculation.

Esta dissertação tem por objeto as mesas de rua nas calçadas em bairro da zona oeste da cidade de São Paulo e as relações de convívio e conflito no processo de apropriação do espaço presente na experiência urbana, compondo a dimensão do vivido e das mudanças em curso no local. Parte-se da premissa que só existe a rua enquanto processos diversos de socialização são protagonizados, do contrário a rua torna-se única e somente uma via de transporte urbano, ou então um simples local de passagem. Estudar as condicionantes de transformação presentes em ruas do bairro e seu impacto no cotidiano dos citadinos e nos seus modos de vida e moradia através de entrevistas, abordando as condições adversas locais , que revelam-se no mínimo incômodas devido à poluição sonora, ao tráfego e a grande afluência de pessoas ao local em busca de lazer, em nome da cultura e do turismo. Elenca questões atuais nos conflitos existentes na configuração dos espaços públicos na cidade contemporânea e na vida cotidiana. / This work has as object the tables on the sidewalks in the streets of the neighborhood located at West of the city of São Paulo and the relations of coexistence and conflict in the space appropriation, inherent in the urban experience process, making the dimension of living experience and the ongoing changes in the location. Part on the assumption that there is only a street while various socialization process are promoted, otherwise the street becomes one and only one route of urban transport, or a simple place of passage. It investigates the transformation constrains present in the neighborhood\' streets and its impacts on the daily lives of city dwellers and theirs living experiences, addressing the adverse local conditions, which are revealed at least uncomfortable due to noise, traffic and the large influx of people to the site, in search of pleasure in the name of culture and tourism. It lists current issues in conflicts in the setting of public spaces in the contemporary city and everyday life in times of local change in face of real estate speculation.

Este trabalho parte de uma reflexão acerca da noção de espaço público a fim de debater, em dois níveis, tal conceito. Em uma primeira problematização, buscaremos evidenciar a dimensão de gênero presente na acepção dominante de espaço público ao questionar os parâmetros históricos de constituição da dicotomia público-privada como uma tecnologia de produção de espaços generificados tradicionalmente cindida entre homens-públicos e mulheres-privadas. A discussão sobre a instauração destas esferas separadas é tratada à luz da história, geografia e teoria feminista, bem como dos recentes estudos que associam as teorias de gênero a reflexões do campo da arquitetura e urbanismo. Em um segundo nível de argumentação, buscaremos vislumbrar de que maneira um modelo agonístico de democracia, preconizado por Chantal Mouffe (2013) pode ser posto em marcha a partir de práticas artísticas críticas que evidenciam o caráter sempre dissensual e disputado do espaço público. Ao considerá-lo enquanto lócus de disputas, a arte crítica (MOUFFE, 2013; RANCIÈRE, 2012) produzida em espaços urbanos por artistas feministas desponta como possibilidade de produção de dissensos (RANCIÈRE, 1996) que tornam visíveis os limites da noção hegemônica e consensual pressuposta nos termos de espaço público. A partir de imagens produzidas em performances realizadas em diferentes espaços públicos, apresentamos quatro montagens de imagens de quatro artistas visuais como modo de tramar relações visuais e teóricas que emergem da contestação pública destas ações. As montagens são analisadas à luz dos conceitos de práticas artísticas agonísticas (MOUFFE, 2013), dissenso (RANCIÈRE, 1996) e partilha do sensível (RANCIÈRE, 2009) / This work starts from a reflection about the notion of public space in order to discuss it, at two levels. In a first level, we seek to highlight the gender dimension within the dominant common sense of public space by questioning the historical parameters of constitution of the public-private dichotomy as a technology producing gendered spaces, traditionally divided between public men and private women. The establishment of these separate spheres is approached in the light of feminist history, geography, and theory, as well as recent studies that associate gender theories within the architecture and urbanism fields. In a second level of argumentation, we seek to see how an agonistic model of democracy, advocated by Chantal Mouffe (2013), can be set off from critical artistic practices that evidence the ever dissensual and disputed character of public space. In considering it as a locus of disputes, the critical art (MOUFFE, 2013; RANCIÈRE, 2012) produced in urban spaces by feminist artists emerges as a possibility of dissent production (RANCIÈRE, 1996) that makes visible the limits of the hegemonic and consensual notion assumption in the hegemonic terms of public space. Starting from images produced in artistic performances performed in different public spaces, we present four montages of images of four visual artists as a way of plotting visual and theoretical relations that emerge from the public contestation of these actions. The assemblies are analyzed in the light of the concepts of agonistic artistic practices (MOUFFE, 2013), dissent (RANCIÈRE, 1996) and the distribution of the sensible (RANCIÈRE, 2009)

Entre 2007 e 2013, a Prefeitura de São Paulo implantou 20 parques lineares, principalmente em áreas periféricas. Estes espaços livres para lazer, circulação, drenagem e preservação ambiental tornaram, em sua maioria, os principais espaços públicos dos bairros, abrigando desde ações cotidianas até eventos comunitários. A diferença existente entre o acesso livre do parque linear e o acesso controlado do parque tradicional exige novos métodos de gestão dos espaços livres, mais suscetíveis a fatores externos. Em áreas periféricas, onde a presença do Estado e da esfera pública são menores que em áreas centrais ou de interesse público, o parque linear é exemplo de como os conflitos sociais, a desigualdade, o crime e a precariedade de serviços públicos estão ainda presentes no cotidiano desses moradores. O espaço púbico é local de mediação de conflitos, encontros, negociações, diálogos, reconhecimento do outro, diversidade e pluralidade, no qual o gestor público é o mediador dessas ações. Essas qualidades do espaço público ganham mais importância a partir da proposta da Prefeitura de conceder os parques municipais para gestão privada, pois o interesse público pode ser sucedido pela intenção privada de usar o espaço público como forma de geração de renda. / Between 2007 and 2013, the City of São Paulo implemented 20 linear parks throughout the city, mainly on the outskirts areas. Those open spaces created for leisure, circulation, drainage and environmental protection became, mostly, the main public spaces of the districts, used for daily activities and community events. The difference between the linear park free access and the traditional park controlled access requires new management methods of the open spaces, more susceptible to external factors. On the outskirts areas, where the State presence, public interests and the public life are less frequent than on the central areas, the linear park is an example of how the social conflicts, the inequality, the crime and the lack of public services are still present in the dwellers\' life. The public space is the place for mediation of conflicts, meetings, agreements, dialogues, recognition of the other, diversity and plurality, where the public manager is the mediator of those actions. Those public spaces qualities acquire more relevance from the City of São Paulo\'s plans to transfer the municipal parks to private management, because the public interest can be displaced by the private interest to use the public space as a way to revenues.

Entre 2007 e 2013, a Prefeitura de São Paulo implantou 20 parques lineares, principalmente em áreas periféricas. Estes espaços livres para lazer, circulação, drenagem e preservação ambiental tornaram, em sua maioria, os principais espaços públicos dos bairros, abrigando desde ações cotidianas até eventos comunitários. A diferença existente entre o acesso livre do parque linear e o acesso controlado do parque tradicional exige novos métodos de gestão dos espaços livres, mais suscetíveis a fatores externos. Em áreas periféricas, onde a presença do Estado e da esfera pública são menores que em áreas centrais ou de interesse público, o parque linear é exemplo de como os conflitos sociais, a desigualdade, o crime e a precariedade de serviços públicos estão ainda presentes no cotidiano desses moradores. O espaço púbico é local de mediação de conflitos, encontros, negociações, diálogos, reconhecimento do outro, diversidade e pluralidade, no qual o gestor público é o mediador dessas ações. Essas qualidades do espaço público ganham mais importância a partir da proposta da Prefeitura de conceder os parques municipais para gestão privada, pois o interesse público pode ser sucedido pela intenção privada de usar o espaço público como forma de geração de renda. / Between 2007 and 2013, the City of São Paulo implemented 20 linear parks throughout the city, mainly on the outskirts areas. Those open spaces created for leisure, circulation, drainage and environmental protection became, mostly, the main public spaces of the districts, used for daily activities and community events. The difference between the linear park free access and the traditional park controlled access requires new management methods of the open spaces, more susceptible to external factors. On the outskirts areas, where the State presence, public interests and the public life are less frequent than on the central areas, the linear park is an example of how the social conflicts, the inequality, the crime and the lack of public services are still present in the dwellers\' life. The public space is the place for mediation of conflicts, meetings, agreements, dialogues, recognition of the other, diversity and plurality, where the public manager is the mediator of those actions. Those public spaces qualities acquire more relevance from the City of São Paulo\'s plans to transfer the municipal parks to private management, because the public interest can be displaced by the private interest to use the public space as a way to revenues.

acase@tulane.edu

The focus of this study is the design of a public open space on the Mutha River corridor at Pune in India. Like any other river in India, the Mutha River has religious significance to the region. The river has influenced the location and development of the city and featured prominently in the history of the region. Most of the historic heritage values of the city are along the river and are located in the study area. Though the river has been abused by damming of the catchment, removal of vegetation for urbanization, polluted by human and industrial waste and channelization, it still provides opportunities to be developed as a recreational resource. Insights from a study of water bodies in Canberra, Australia, where the design of the water bodies for urban recreation encompass ideas of sustainable design, combined with an appreciation of the heritage of Indian design, are used for the river corridor development at Pune. The proposed development of the river corridor to include parkland is designed to provide a recreational open space for the community as well as improve the overall health and management of the Mutha River corridor. The proposal will also try and achieve long-term sustainability of the river. The design considers hydrological, morphological, ecological, water quality, aesthetic, vegetation, recreation and cultural issues. A more naturalistic channel as an alternative to a hard engineering solution is proposed. It provides protection from flood and erosion hazards, addresses social concerns like environment and health, and provides a more attractive landscape in the high-density section of the city

The contemporary North American believes that you can purchase happiness. We search in boxes labeled new and improved, looking for products that are forever bigger, stronger, and faster. We want these things because they will make our lives easier, make us look prettier, and bring us social acceptance. It is our social insecurities that blindly drive this lifestyle. Happiness cannot be sold, and we have become mindless in our consumption. It is in the heart of the suburban world where you can find the beginning of the end. It is the North American shopping mall. We created it as means to meet our demands for more convenient access to stores and services. Its design was manipulated, unapologetically perfected, and rigorously overproduced. The mall has replaced our town squares and main streets with fields of asphalt, yields of the same giant signs, neon lights and brand names. The public realm has been privatized and commercialized. The zombie apocalypse is upon us. The shopping mall stands among us as the reanimated corpse of the dead downtown and represents the loss of great space. Through horror films and personal inflection, a biography of the mall, and a literary dissection of its contemporaries, this thesis examines the misconceptions of North American public spaces through the shopping mall and branded culture. This thesis rediscovers the practise of creating great space through an architectural discourse of the Humbertown Shopping Centre. We desperately need spaces for the living. I argue for public spaces that serve no commercial intent, but rather nourish our desires for authentic human interaction.

Urban regeneration has been accompanying urban development since the earliest human settlement, and was emphasized after the World War Two. Several decades' experience and billions of dollars forced the decision makers to realize the importance of urban image, quality of life, and urban environment, which were recognized as prerequisites and catalysts for the economic development of cities. In this circumstance squares have been involved in urban regeneration projects to create symbol of the city and to provide space for residents, and have been proved to be effective for urban regeneration by many western countries. Dalian, a coastal city in Northeast China presented to be a successful case in the country in involving the construction of squares in regenerating central city to transform the city from a heavy industrial city to a garden city. In the circumstance of urban beautification movement in China, which began in 1990s and was partly symbolized by the construction of fancy, large, but under-used squares, a study on the success of Dalian is indeed needed. This study shed light on the major concerns of Dalian government to create squares in central city, the land use issues of squares, the usage on the squares, and the perception of squares by users. Through the application of key-informant interview, questionnaire survey, and onsite observation, the paper concluded that the construction of squares was part of the urban regeneration policies in Dalian, the major concern was to provide local residents with public open space to enjoy public life, and to improve urban environment. The construction of squares was carefully and systematically planned, the location of squares was pertinent to the land use pattern nearby and to the function of each of the three districts in central city, the squares are fully utilized, and are appreciated by both local residents and tourists. The squares were considered as catalyst in urban environment improvement, urban image enhancement, and tourism and economic development from the perspective of government officials, local residents, and tourists. Implication was provided for other cities in China based on the major findings and reviewed literature, future research opportunities were also suggested.