The problem of this study was to describe the operation and organization of Francophone Baptist Publications and to learn the publication needs of missionary personnel in the six countries served by the organization. Information for the study was gathered from Baptist history books, minutes from organizational meetings, questionnaires, and personal interviews with office and missionary personnel. The study revealed that although 47 per cent of those receiving questionnaires responded, only 28 per cent knew the materials and the organization sufficiently to evaluate them. This led to the conclusion that a lack of communication between the center and the missionaries exists and that the center should keep the market informed of materials available. The responses indicated that the present publications priorities do not reflect the real needs of the missionary personnel.

L’agriculture est un secteur qui connaît de forts bouleversements depuis plusieurs années en France. Face à cette instabilité croissante, les firmes ont besoin de moyens pour caractériser leur environnement externe et ainsi être en capacité de saisir les opportunités qui se créent. Cette thèse a pour objectif de développer une méthode d’intelligence technologique qui pourra être intégrée au sein du groupe Avril. Pour cela, nous nous appuyons sur le cas de la moindre utilisation des antibiotiques dans l’élevage.Dans un premier temps, nous montrons en quoi les méthodes d’intelligence technologique peuvent effectivement apporter un soutien au management de l’innovation chez Avril. Nous étudions l’agro-industrie et plus particulièrement l’élevage à travers les concepts de paradigmes, de trajectoires ou encore de régimes technologiques qui se retrouvent dans la littérature évolutionniste. Nous montrons que le paradigme de l’antibiotique dans la santé animale est toujours d’actualité mais qu’un changement de trajectoire est en cours. Cela justifie le recours aux méthodes d’intelligence technologique.Dans un second temps, nous développerons une méthode d’intelligence technologique pour le groupe, appliquée à la caractérisation des solutions scientifiques et techniques pour une diminution de l’utilisation des antibiotiques dans l’élevage. A l’issue de ce cas, un travail plus poussé sur le cas précis des phages est réalisé. Nous montrons à travers ce travail comment ces méthodes peuvent s’intégrer au sein du processus organisationnel de la firme. / Agriculture is a sector with major upheavals for several years in France. Faced with this growing instability, firms need to characterize their external environment to be able to seize opportunities. This thesis aims to develop a method of competitive technical intelligence that can be integrated in the Avril group. For this, we rely on the case of the lower use of antibiotics in livestock farming.First, we show how competitive technical intelligence methods support the management of innovation in the Avril group. We study agro-industry and more particularly livestock farming through the concepts of technological paradigms, trajectories and regimes that are found in evolutionary literature. We show that the antibiotic’s paradigm in animal health is still relevant, but changes of technological trajectories are in progress. That is why we can use the competitive technical intelligence methods.Secondly, we develop a method of competitive technical intelligence for the Avril group, applied to the characterization of scientific and technical solutions for a decrease in the use of antibiotics in livestock farming. At the end of this case, we work on the case of phages for more precisions. We show through this work how these methods can be integrated in the organizational process of the firm.

Nous présentons une solution pour la création d'un corpus numérisé en utilisant une approche crowdsourcing pour annoter des bandes dessinées (BD). Les encodages XML qui en résultent aident également les chercheurs, les éditeurs, les bibliothécaires et les conservateurs de collections BDs. Pour atteindre notre objectif de recueil de données, nous développons un moteur de crowdsourcing en ligne pour annoter les BDs. Les tâches sont conçues pour reproduire l'expérience de lecture des pages des BDs, en demandant aux participants d'identifier et d'annoter les éléments structurels (cases, splash-pages) et de contenu (personnages, lieux, événements, onomatopées, objets, lignes de mouvement) des BDs. Notre approche fournit aux chercheurs en humanités numériques (digital humanities) la possibilité de bâtir un corpus structuré et annoté, aujourd’hui manquant. Cela permet d’accélérer la recherche liée à la BD et à la théorie de l'art séquentiel. Les bibliothécaires et les conservateurs de collections des BDs disposeront d'un contenu structuré qui pourrait permettre la création d'artefacts spécifiques, tels que des dictionnaires de BDs, des indices de recherche ou des dictionnaires d'onomatopée. Du point de vue de l'édition, les standards actuels pour les BDs numériques se chargent exclusivement de la couche de présentation (c'est-à-dire, rendre tout simplement une publication sur l'écran d'un dispositif numérique). Mais la nature artistique de la BD et le grand potentiel des BDs numériques nous permettent d'aller au-delà de la simple présentation du contenu. À cet égard, nous contribuons avec des améliorations aux standards sémantiques (CBML) et de présentation (EPUB). / We address the difficulty of creating a digitised corpus by using a crowdsourced approach for annotating comic books. The resulting XML-based encodings assist researchers, publishers and collection curators equally. To achieve our data collection goal, we develop an online crowdsourcing engine for annotating comics. The tasks are designed to mirror the page reading experience, with participants asked to identify and annotate structural (panel layout, splash pages, meta-panels) and content (characters, places, events, onomatopoeia) elements of comic books. Our approach provides Digital Humanities (DH) scholars with a (currently missing) structured, annotated corpus; this enables and accelerates research related to comics and sequential art theory. Curators and collectors of physical or online comics collections are provided with a structured content which could enable the creation of artefacts such as comic books dictionaries, search indices and dictionaries of onomatopoeia. From a publishing perspective, current standards for digital comics are taking care exclusively of the presentation layer (i.e. rendering a publication on the screen of a device). But the artistic nature of comics and the great potential digital comics have already showcased allow us to go beyond simple content presentation. To this respect we present our contributions with enhancements to current semantic (CBML) and presentation (EPUB) open standards that will allow publishers and digital comics authors to create an improved reading experience.

This PhD thesis takes a ’micro’ perspective on the production of higher education and research. More precisely, I use tools of industrial organization to study two individual institutions involved in their production process. The second chapter studies universities, the main producers of higher education and research, and the third and fourth chapters analyze scientific journals, which are central in the production and the dissemination of science. Besides being crucial nodes in the production and transmission of knowledge, these institutions, interestingly, share other common characteristics: they both emerged before the Industrial Revolution, their importance increased over the centuries and they seem unavoidable today, and many actors are private not-for-profit.

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Nineteenth-century periodical literature, recognised today as a distinctive and significant feature of Victorian public communication, is voluminous. Yet in order to argue that the editor-publisher Elizabeth Hayes made a significant contribution to evangelising journalism, this thesis finds it imperative to situate her work within the enormous outpourings of the Victorian periodical press. For a Victorian woman to succeed in journalism was impressive and this investigation argues that Hayes capably led an international journal of religious ideas to stability and longevity. The investigation will show that Hayes, foundress of an organisation which edited, published and distributed a Franciscan monthly journal - to date scarcely investigated- was prepared prior to 1872 for her subsequent journalistic mission. The argument that Hayes made a significant contribution to nineteenth-century Catholic journalism appears strongest when evidence of the immense power of the press for good and evil is provided. This is accomplished hopefully though an examination of both secular and religious periodical literature and in particular by situating Hayes’ output within this milieu. The argument is further strengthened through a detailed examination of the actual contents of Hayes’ Annals of Our Lady of the Angels, of the numerous contributions to her Annals and of the editing, publishing and distribution methods which she employed in her mission. The argument shows Hayes’ publication to be a significant contribution in the literary field to a growing body of research on late nineteenth-century professional women who enriched society with religious periodicals. The thesis argues that Hayes provided matter of interest to general readers and presented the progress and development of the Franciscan Order. The journal’s range of themes adds weight to the growing body of evidence of how women’s topics varied in the Victorian religious periodical press. It is argued that Hayes’ diffusion of good literature was an authentic medium of evangelisation over twenty-one years. As writer, editor, publisher, manager of printing and distribution, it is argued that Hayes was a significant contributor to the Apostolate of the Press and that she used her journal as a tool of both adult education and entertainment. NOTE: See hard copy of thesis at St Patrick’s Campus Library for the illustrations to appendix 2.

This work aims to improve our knowledge about Swedish video game journalists, a new occupation in a quickly expanding business. Through a survey sent out to over 50 Swedish video game journalists, the result indicate some unexpected facts. Men largely dominate the profession; just 10 % of the work forces are females. This relation was notable in our survey, as well as in earlier studies. Video game journalists between 26 and 35 years old seems to be the largest age group, which we think is a bit surprising considering how new this form of journalism is, and the fact the internet provides opportunities for every enthusiastic video game writer. The professionalism of video game journalists has been debated over a long time, with many people arguing that this type of work has little to do with traditional journalism. In our survey, a large part of the respondents made clear that they consider themselves to be writers rather than journalists. The majority of the Swedish video game journalists don't have a journalistic education, whether it's from high school or university. Most of them don't value education as much as writing skill, talent, passion and knowledge about video games. The minority arguing about the importance of education motivates their standpoint with arguments of classical journalistic ethics and values. One respondent told us that the whole industry would benefit from more highly educated journalists, another one pointed out that a lot of ground has been covered in the last 5-6 years, although there ́s still a great distance compared to traditional journalism.

Spiritan Life No. 01 -- 1989 December -- Mission Sources Justice and Peace Number 1 -- CONTENTS -- Foreword -- (pg 5) -- Introduction -- (pg 7) -- The Seminary of The Holy Spirit During The French Revolution (1789 - 1799), by Jean Godard, C.S.Sp. -- (pg 9) -- True Spirituality... Really Authentic and Genuine, by Eugene Hillman, C.S.Sp. -- (pg 45) -- The Holy Spirit and The Congregation, by Michael O'Carroll, C.S.Sp. -- (pg 57) -- Towards A Spiritan Identity, by Maurice Gobeil, C.S.Sp. -- (pg 67) -- Dialogue Between Christians and Muslims, by Robert P. Ellison, C.S.Sp. -- (pg 69) -- The Land War in Brazil, by Michael Drohan, C.S.Sp. -- (pg 79) -- Spiritan Witness at The Frontiers, by Brian O'Rourke, C.S.Sp. -- (pg 85) -- Spiritan Life Review -- (pg 91) -- Other Works by Spiritans -- (pg 95)