The beachfront hotel with hybrid geothermal heat pump system (HyGSHP), located in the hot-humid climate, is simulated by TRNSYS in the thesis, and the simulation results are validated by the measured data. The simulation of alternative HVAC systems, complete ground source heat pump and conventional air source heat pump, are included to conduct the comparative study with HyGSHP based on the energy consumption and life cycle analysis. The advantages and disadvantages of HyGSHP are discussed in the thesis. Two ground source heat exchanger parameters, U-tube size and grout materials, are investigated in order to study the effects on the ground heat exchanger thermal performance. The preliminary work and results are shown in the thesis.

This master thesis describes the issue of the measuring and control system for the heat pump. In the first part of the thesis is described the principle of heat pump activity, its basic components. The second part contains the distribution of heat pumps according to the method of obtaining and transferring the heat. The following chapter contains the description of system status before the modernization. In the practical part of this thesis is the proposal and realization of new control and monitoring system including the description of individual components. In the conclusion of the thesis is a verification of the use of proposed control and monitoring system of heat pump for the measuring of its operational characteristics.

Diploma thesis focuses on creation of scheduling system for production processes and labour within heat pump manufacturing line in Daikin Device Czech Republic, connected with modification of production and warehouse layout. First part analyzes products, assembly line and its current state of layout. Furthermore it deals with measurement and analysis of work performed by operatives. Proposal part describes layout changes, whereupon line balancing is processed for different production levels and finally comes creation of scheduling system itself.

Diploma thesis is focused on self-priming pump 25 - OVE Sigma pumpy Hranice s.r.o., for its function is essential the ejector which is placed in the body of the pump. On the basis of the results of measurements there are designed construction modifications using a mathematical model. For the first time were made measurements to verify the self-priming capability with determining the maximum suction height.

Since their introduction in the late 1980s, proton pump inhibitors (PPI) have demonstrated gastric acid suppression superior to that of histamine H2-receptor blockers. This class of drugs has improved the treatment of various acid-peptic disorders, including gastroesophageal reflux disease, peptic ulcer disease, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced gastropathy. PPIs have minimal side effects and few significant drug interactions. They are generally considered safe for long-term treatment. We present a rare side effect, acute pancreatitis, occurring in a patient who was treated with the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole.

Geothermal heat exchangers are a growing energy technology that improve the energy efficiency of heating and cooling systems in buildings. Vertical borehole heat exchangers (BHE) coupled with ground source heat pumps have been widely developed and researched in the past century. The major disadvantage of BHEs is the initial capital cost required to drill the boreholes. Geothermal energy piles (GEP) were developed to help offset the high initial cost of these systems. A GEP combines ground source heat pump technology with deep earth structural foundations of buildings. GEPs are relatively new technology and robust standards and guidelines have not yet been developed for the design of these systems. The main operational difference between GEPs and conventional BHEs is the length and diameter of the below ground heat exchangers. The diameter of a GEP is much larger and the length is typically shorter than BHEs. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is used in this study to investigate and better understand how structural piles perform as geothermal heat exchangers. The CFD analysis is used to simulate an existing experimental energy pile test. The experimental test is modeled as built including fluid modeling to provide additional detail into the behavior of the circulation fluid within the pile. Two comparisons of large diameter GEPs are made using CFD analysis to gain knowledge of the effects of varying pile diameter and loop configuration. The thermal response test was successfully modeled using the CFD model. The CFD results closely match the results of the field test. The large diameter comparisons show that the performance of an energy pile will increase as the diameter increases with a constant loop density. Multiple numbers of loops were tested in a constant diameter pile and the results show that with symmetrically placed loops the performance will increase with a greater number of loops in the pile. / Master of Science

The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of striated muscle plays a central role in control of contractile activity. It acts as an intracellular sink for calcium during relaxation and releases cav2 + during contraction. This highly differentiated endoplasmic reticulum is a self-contained network with a continuous hollow interior which surrounds each muscle fibril (Fig. 1) (Porter, 1961). The SR is fragmented at longitudinal intervals of one sarcomere in length by the transverse tubular or T-tubular system (Porter, 1961; Franzini-Armstrong, 1980). On each side of the T-tubules there are enlarged areas known as cisternae, with branched areas between the cisternae known as the longitudinal elements. The juncture of the three membranes (two terminal cisternae and one Ttubule) is referred to as the triad. The junction between the SR and • 0 the T-tubules is known as a junctional gap and has.a width of 100-200 A. Periodic densities, referred to as 'feet', cross the junctional gap to join the SR and T-tubular membranes (Franzini-Armstrong, 1980). Direct communication between the SR, the T-tubules and the feet have been postulated (Schneider· and Chandler, 1973; Mathias et al., 1979). The view has developed, starting with the experiments of Huxley and Taylor (1958) and Huxley and Straub (1958), that, under physiological conditions, contraction in skeletal muscle is triggered by depolarisation of the membranes of the T-tubules. This results in the release of ca 2 + into the myoplasm from its intracellular storage location, the SR, and thus activating the contractile proteins (Schneider and Chandler, 1973). (See Fuchs (1974) and Ebashi (1980) for a review on the possible mechanism involved in excitation-contraction coupling.)

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / With the growing popularity and use of devices under the great umbrella that is the Internet of Things (IoT), the need for devices that are smaller, faster, cheaper and require less power is at an all time high with no intentions of slowing down. This is why many current research efforts are very focused on energy harvesting. Energy harvesting is the process of storing energy from external and ambient sources and delivering a small amount of power to low power IoT devices such as wireless sensors or wearable electronics. A charge pumps is a circuit used to convert a power supply to a higher or lower voltage depending on the specific application. Charge pumps are generally seen in memory design as a verity of power supplies are required for the newer memory technologies. Charge pumps can be also be designed for low voltage operation and can convert a smaller energy harvesting voltage level output to one that may be needed for the IoT device to operate. In this work, an integrated FinFET (Field Effect Transistor) charge pump for low power energy harvesting applications is proposed. The design and analysis of this system was conducted using Cadence Virtuoso Schematic L-Editing, Analog Design Environment and Spectre Circuit Simulator tools using the 7nm FinFETs from the ASAP7 7nm PDK. The research conducted here takes advantage of some inherent characteristics that are present in FinFET technologies, including low body effects, and faster switching speeds, lower threshold voltage and lower power consumption. The lower threshold voltage of the FinFET is key to get great performance at lower supply voltages. The charge pump in this work is designed to pump a 150mV power supply, generated from an energy harvester, to a regulated 650mV, while supplying 1uA of load current, with a 20mV voltage ripple in steady state (SS) operation. At these conditions, the systems power consumption is 4.85uW and is 31.76% efficient. Under no loading conditions, the charge pump reaches SS operation in 50us, giving it the fastest rise time of the compared state of the art efforts mentioned in this work. The minimum power supply voltage for the system to function is 93mV where it gives a regulated output voltage of $25mV. FinFET technology continues to be a very popular design choice and even though it has been in production since Intel's Ivy-Bridge processor in 2012, it seems that very few efforts have been made to use the advantages of FinFETs for charge pump design. This work shows though simulation that FinFET charge pumps can match the performance of charge pumps implemented in other technologies and should be considered for low power designs such as energy harvesting.

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The invention of laser pulse shapers allowed for various quantum control experiments, where a chemical reaction is guided by specifically tailored laser pulses. However, despite of the prominent role of the liquid phase in chemistry, no successful attempt for controlling the selectivity of a bond-fission reaction has yet been reported in this state of matter. Promising candidates for such an experiment are C$_{\infty\mathrm{v}}$-symmetric trihalide anions with two different chemical bonds like $\ce{I2Cl-}$, because these molecules notionally offer the most simplest selectivity-control scenario of breaking either the one or the other bond and they are expected to dissociate under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation like it is known for the most-studied trihalide $\ce{I3-}$. In order to investigate in this thesis the possibility that the dissociation reaction of such trihalides branches into two different photofragments, the ultrafast photodissociation dynamics of $\ce{I3-}$, $\ce{Br3-}$, $\ce{IBr2-}$ and $\ce{ICl2-}$ (point group D$_{\infty\mathrm{h}}$) as well as of $\ce{I2Br-}$ and $\ce{I2Cl-}$ (point group C$_{\infty\mathrm{v}}$) in dichloromethane solution were measured with broadband transient absorption spectroscopy in magic-angle configuration. The identification of the reaction pathway(s) relies on vibrational wavepacket oscillations, which survive the dissociation process and therefore carry not only informations about the reactant trihalides but also about the fragment dihalides. These characteristic vibrational wavenumbers were extracted from the measured transient absorption spectra by globally fitting the population dynamics together with the wavepacket dynamics. Until recently, such a combined model function was not available in the well-established fitting tool Glotaran. This made it inevitable to develop a custom implementation of the underlying variable-projection fitting algorithm, for which the computer-algebra software Mathematica was chosen. Mathematica's sophisticated built-in functions allow not only for a high flexibility in constructing arbitrary model functions, but also offer the possibility to automatically calculate the derivative(s) of a model function. This allows the fitting procedure to use the exact Jacobian matrix instead of approximating it with the finite difference method. Against the expectation, only one of the two thinkable photodissociation channels was found for each of the investigated C$_{\infty\mathrm{v}}$ trihalides. Since the photofragments recombine, their absorption signal as well as the reactant ground state bleach recover. This happens in a biexponential manner, which in the case of $\ce{I3-}$ was interpreted by Ruhman and coworkers with the direct formation of a neutral dihalogen fragment $\ce{I2}$ beside the negatively charged dihalide fragment $\ce{I2-}$. In this thesis, such a direct reaction channel was not found and instead the fast component of the biexponential decay is explained with vibrational excess energy mediating the recombination-preceding electron transfer process $\ce{I2- + I -> I2 + I-}$, while the slow component is attributed to cooled-down fragments. In addition to the trihalide experiments, the possibility of a magic-angle configuration for polarization-shaping control experiments was theoretically investigated in this thesis by deriving magic-angle conditions for the third-order electric-dipole response signal of arbitrarily polarized laser pulses. Furthermore, the subtleties of anisotropy signals violating the well-known range of \numrange{-0.2}{0.4} were studied. / Die Erfindung von Laserpulsformern ermöglichte eine Vielzahl von Quantenkontrollexperimenten, bei denen eine chemische Reaktionen mittels maßgeschneiderten Laserpulsen gelenkt wird. Allerdings wurde trotz der bedeutenden Rolle der flüssigen Phase in der Chemie bis heute kein erfolgreicher Versuch publiziert in diesem Aggregatszustand die Selektivität bei der Spaltung chemischer Bindungen zu kontrollieren. Vielversprechende Kandidaten für ein derartiges Experiment sind C$_{\infty\mathrm{v}}$-symmetrische Trihalidanionen mit zwei verschiedenen chemischen Bindungen, wie z.B. $\ce{I2Cl-}$, da diese Moleküle prinzipiell das einfachste Kontrollszenario, in dem entweder die eine oder die andere Bindung gespalten wird, ermöglichen und, wie vom meist untersuchten Trihalid $\ce{I3-}$ bekannt, eine Dissoziationsreaktion unter ultravioletter (UV) Bestrahlung erwartet wird. Um im Rahmen dieser Arbeit zu untersuchen, ob sich die Dissoziationsreaktion solcher Trihalide in zwei verschiedene Photofragmente aufzweigt, wurde die ultraschnelle Photodissoziationdynamik von $\ce{I3-}$, $\ce{Br3-}$, $\ce{IBr2-}$ und $\ce{ICl2-}$ (Punktgruppe D$_{\infty\mathrm{h}}$) sowie von $\ce{I2Br-}$ und $\ce{I2Cl-}$ (Punktgruppe C$_{\infty\mathrm{v}}$) in Dichlormethanlösung mittels breitbandiger transienter Absorptionsspektroskopie in der Magischer-Winkel-Konfiguration gemessen. Die Identifikation der Reaktionspfade stützt sich auf die Oszillation von Schwingungswellenpaketen, die den Dissoziationsprozess überstehen und folglich nicht nur Informationen über die Trihalidedukte sondern auch über die Dihalidprodukte tragen. Diese charakteristischen Schwingungswellenzahlen wurden aus jedem gemessenen transienten Absorptionsspektrum durch einen globalen Fit der Populationsdynamik zusammen mit der Wellenpaketdynamik extrahiert. Bis vor Kurzem war solch eine kombinierte Modellfunktion in dem gängigen Fitwerkzeug Glotaran nicht verfügbar. Dies machte es erforderlich eine eigene Implementation des zugrunde liegenden Fitalgorithmus der variablen Projektionen zu entwickeln, wofür die Computeralgebrasoftware Mathematica gewählt wurde. Mathematicas Funktionsumfang erlaubt nicht nur eine große Flexibilität bei der Konstruktion beliebiger Modellfunktionen, sondern bietet auch die Möglichkeit, die Ableitungen einer Modellfunktion automatisch zu berechnen. Dies erlaubt der Fitprozedur die exakte Jacobi-Matrix zu verwenden, anstatt diese mittels der Finite-Differenzen-Methode zu approximieren. Wider den Erwartungen wurde für jedes der untersuchten C$_{\infty\mathrm{v}}$ Trihalide nur einer der zwei denkbaren Photodissoziationskanäle beobachtet. Da die Photofragmente rekombinieren, klingen deren Absorptionssignal und das Grundzustandsausbleichen des Edukts wieder ab. Dies passiert stets in biexponentieller Form, was im Fall von $\ce{I3-}$ von Ruhman und Kollegen mit der direkten Bildung von neutralen Dihalogenfragmenten $\ce{I2}$ neben den negativ geladenen Dihalidfragmenten $\ce{I2-}$ interpretiert wurde. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit ließ sich ein solcher direkter Reaktionskanal nicht beobachten. Stattdessen wird die schnelle Komponente des biexponentiellen Zerfalls mit überschüssiger Vibrationsenergie erklärt, die den der Rekombination vorrangehenden Elektrontransferprozess $\ce{I2- + I -> I2 + I-}$ begünstigt, während die langsame Komponente abgekühlten Fragmenten zugeordnet wird. Zusätzlich zu den Tihalidexperimenten wurde durch Herleitung Magischer-Winkel-Bedingungen für Antwortsignale aus elektrischer Dipolwechselwirkung dritter Ordnung mit beliebig polarisierten Laserpulsen theoretisch untersucht, ob eine Magischer-Winkel-Konfiguration für Polarisationsformungs-Kontrollexperimente möglich ist. Weiterhing wurden die Feinheiten anisotroper Signale, die den gut bekannten Bereich von \numrange[range-phrase=~bis~]{-0.2}{0.4} verletzten, untersucht.