The objective of this thesis is to analyze what have been the impacts of the 2008 financial crisis in France and what were the direct reactions of the government to it. This analysis would be put in perspective by comparing it to the policies taken by various European neighbors. In the first part we analyze the cause of the crisis bubble-burst cycle and more precisely of the financial crisis. We conclude that a financial crisis comes from an accumulation of debt badly invest. We then study the example of the crisis of 1929 and the measure taken by the American government during the Great Depression through the New Deal. We explain that the measures not only planned on distributing money for the demand but set people to work and reformed the general economic environment. After studying the crisis of 2008 in the United State we see that even if the crisis began in the financial sector, its repercussion were felt on the entire economy. In the second part we analyze the main economic trends of France since World War Two. We will see that after thirty years of high growth and social development, the country was for thirty years on a downward trend of the economic development. We will study the case of unemployment, which is representative of the politic and economic system of France. We will realize that the different governments do not seem to be able to reform the country through sustainable measures that go beyond the impact of the announcement itself. We will then analyze the first effects of the crisis on the French economy to conclude that it resulted in the worsening of all the main macro-economic indexes, with the deepening of the debt and the development of a recession. We will then be able to compare those results to three major indexes of two other Europeans countries: the Czech Republic and Germany. We will see that those two countries, due to the importance of exportations on their national economies, and in the case of the Czech Republic, the importance of Germany, suffered more, in proportion, compared to France. In the third part we will study the measures taken by the French government in the aftermath of the crisis and the effects of those measures. We will see that if they plan to support the country through the help to the companies, the measure lack of long term planning. They are short terms measures that helped the country pass the worst of the crisis, but with long lasting effects on the country's debt. We will then compare them to the measures taken by the United Kingdom and Germany. Those two country are interesting to study since the British government made the choice of mainly directly supporting the consumption and Germany, with the largest European stimulus package was acting on all fronts. We will conclude that the main result for the two countries are the growing debt in percentage of GDP, but also that the long term effects are more taken into account in those two plans.

Iran's economy is characterized by over dependence on the oil sector. Iran has been gradually growing into a centre for production of petrochemicals in the world. Petrochemical industry is one of the significant components of oil industry and is one of the principal industries in Iran which has an influential role in Iran's economy. Although it is widely acknowledged that exports, particularly through manufactured components, play an important role as a potential source of economic growth. Hence, the aim of this research is to analysis the impact of petrochemical products export revenue on economic growth. Therefore the main objective of this research is the study of export-led growth hypothesis (ELG hypothesis) of Iran's economy in the petrochemical industry by taking a time series data for the period of 1990-2010. It applies ordinary least square (OLS) method to investigate the relationship between gross domestic product, exports of petrochemical products, real exchange rate and inflation. The results of the study show that there is a positive relationship between export of petrochemical products and economic growth which validate export-led growth hypothesis in petrochemical industry while negative impact of inflation and real exchnage rate is observed. Furthermore, in this study SWOT analysis of the Iran petrochemical industry is presented.

This diploma thesis deals with the detection of the dynamics of the growth and development of lodgepole pine, which is intended for the purposes of the forestry reclamation on anthropogenic soils spoil banks. In the first stage it is approached the issue of growth and development of woody plants on spoil banks. Are described recent formations, their cutting and editing, further forestry reclamation and associated issues, on which follows the description of the entitlements of tree species in different territories, further criteria necessary for the correct evaluation of the conditions on the habitats directive and appropriate ways of establishing the stands. Subsequently, we approached lodgepole pine, its description, extension, variability, etc. In the second part of the thesis is studied and evaluated growth of lodgepole pine. The first is characterized by the interest of the territory and its natural conditions. On the plots in the forestry arboretum on the spout Antonin samples were taken in the form of stem discs, which served as the basis for determining the necessary values. Values were obtained from tree rings.

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Seed vigor was evaluated as germination percentage at low temperature (10 °C) and drought (-0,2 MPa), and also as germination parameters (energy, rate and index). 133 double-haploid lines (DHL) and their parents were evaluated in six environments. The total variation consisted of 51% by environments, 8% by lines and 37% by their interaction. The better parents showed higher vigor when harvested in worse location. The other parameters were controlled similarly (34,7 -- 41,0% location, 24,9 -- 32,9% year and 8 -- 37% by the lines. The results can be used as support for breeding for higher grain vigor not only for better agronomic but also for higher malting value.

The aim of this study was to isolate and extensively test promising candidate diatom species for biodiesel cultivation. Diatom strains were isolated from natural habitats in the state of Ohio (USA). These strains were tested to find optimal growing conditions and media (concentration of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Silica, source of Nitrogen, temperature etc.).