Orientador: Silvana A. Schellini / Banca: Oscar Peitl Filho / Banca: Patrícia Mitiko Santello Akaishi / Resumo: A reposição do volume perdido nas cavidades enucleadas e evisceradas é feita há muitos anos. O vidro foi o primeiro material utilizado para este fim, seguido por uma série de outros, sem que nenhum deles possa ser considerado como o material ideal. Mais recentemente, o vidro ou melhor, o biovidro, voltou ao cenário das reconstruções em outras áreas da Medicina, levantando-se a hipótese do uso destes em cavidade anoftálmica. Avaliar experimentalmente a biocompatibilidade de cones de biovidro, biovitrocerâmico I e biovitrocerâmico II em cavidades evisceradas de coelhos. Foram utilizados 51 coelhos albinos, espécie Orictolagus cuniculus, submetidos a cirurgia de evisceração do olho direito, seguida da inclusão de cones na cavidade escleral. Os animais foram divididos em três grupos (G) que diferiram pelo tipo de biomaterial de que eram feitos os cones: cones de biovidro (GA), cones de biovitrocerâmico I (GB) e cones de biovitrocerâmico II (GC). Os animais foram sacrificados em três momentos (M) experimentais: sete (M1), 90 (M2) e 180 (M3) dias após a colocação dos cones na cavidade eviscerada. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: peso no início e ao final do período experimental; exame clínico diário; exames bioquímicos (TGO, TGP, CPK, FA, LDH, Uréia e Creatinina) imediatamente antes do procedimento cirúrgico e nos momentos de sacrifício; avaliação histológica do conteúdo orbitário e exame morfométrico da pseudocápsula e celularidade formada ao redor dos cones nos momentos de sacrifício; estudo tomográfico da órbita 45 dias após a evisceração e colocação dos cones; e microscopia eletrônica de varredura, realizada em seis coelhos no M3. O exame clínico e os exames bioquímicos dos animais mostraram que os animais mantiveram-se saudáveis durante o experimento. Houve boa integração dos cones com os tecidos do hospedeiro em todos os grupos e em todo ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Replacement of lost volume in eviscerated and enucleated cavities has been performed for many years. Glass was the first material for this purpose, followed by a number of others, although none of them could be considered an ideal one. Recently, bioglass made its return at the reconstruction scenery, bringing up the hypothesis of its use in anophthalmic cavity. To evaluate bioglass, bioglassceramic and bioglassceramic II biocompatibility in rabbit's eviscerated cavities. 51 rabbitis were used, species Orictolagus cuniculus, all submitted to right eye evisceration surgery, followed by the inclusion of protheses in the escleral cavity. Those animals were gathered in 3 groups (G), distinguished through the type of material used to manufacture the cones: bioglass (GA), bioglassceramic (GB) and bioglassceramic II (GC). The animals were sacrificed at three distinctive experimental moments (M): 7 (M1), 90 (M2) and 180 (M3) days after the placement of cones in eviscerated cavities. The parameters evaluated were: daily clinical exam; biochemical exam (AST, ALT, CK, AP, HDL, urea and creatinine) before surgery and sacrifice; histological analysis; morphometric evaluation; ocular tomography 45 days after surgery; and scanning electron microscopy evaluation in six rabbits in M3. Clinical and biochemical examination led to the conclusion that the animals stayed healthy during the experiment. There was good cone integration with the host tissue in every group and throughout every experimental moment, having occurred extrusion in none of the animals. Histologically, it was observed pseudocapsule formation around the cones, composed of fibrovascular reaction, neovases, low amount of erythrocyte and inflammatory cells. Morphometric evaluation showed that the inflammatory reaction was higher at M1, getting progressively lower while getting at M3, being the lowest in rabbits which received ... (Complete abstract click access electronic below) / Mestre

The main aim of this thesis was to analyse growth abilities of hybrids (?Nb x ?Kal) in comparison with original parental population. Further were evaluated reproductive properties of parental breeds of rabbits New Zealand White and Californian and their combination (?Nb x ?Kal). Enter data were gathered in total from 27 litters. Obtained data were summarized and statistically treated in MS Excel programme and STATISTICA version 9. To assess the development of live weight, the rabbits were weighed at 7-day intervals from birth until the end of fattening, it is to the age of 126 days. For the analysis of reproductive abilities was in single females litters observed the number of all born offspring, from that the number of live-born and still-born offspring and the number of weaned offspring. Further, the length of gravidity, the length of season and age at weaning, milkiness and total mortality were observed. The assessment of growth and reproductive abilities was made in dependence on sequence of litter and on the observed calendar year. The results showed higher increases in 60th, 90th and 120th days of age hybrid offspring than a breeds pattern book by paternal population requires. The achievement of high weight gains confirms the suitability of using these hybrids for intensive production of quality dietetic rabbit meat. It was also achieved excellent results in milkiness females in the observed breeding. Its average value was 3965 g, which is comparable with milkiness of broiler breeds in large breedings. Total results confirmed the suitability of using Californian rabbit breeds in a maternal position and the New Zealand White in a paternal position to create commercial hybrids intended for fattening. Their hybrid offspring reach better growth ability than original parental population. Results of this study can be specific recommendation especially for small breeders of meat-type rabbits when choosing a suitable combination of breeds for fattening.

Foi estudada a ação de preenchimento e de osteocondução em perfurações em tíbias de coelhos, que receberam a aplicação de um biovidro em pó cuja composição é (teor % m/m): 45,9 SiO2, 23,9 Na2O, 21,6 CaO e 7,54 P2O5. Foram realizadas perfurações nas tuberosidades das tíbias direitas de 24 coelhos, machos, adultos da raça Nova Zelândia, com peso entre 2,6 e 4,0 quilogramas. Foi utilizado sangue do próprio coelho misturado ao vidro para facilitar a colocação do material nas perfurações. Foram realizadas radiografias, microscopia de luz comum, microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e espectroscopia dispersiva de raios-X buscando revelar a interação do vidro com o osso. A caracterização do material foi realizada por meio das técnicas de análise térmica diferencial, difração de raios-X, MEV e avaliação do potencial de citotoxicidade in vitro do material. Os resultados indicam que o material não sofreu rejeição pelo organismo dos coelhos e que houve formação de osso na região em que foi implantado o material. Foi observada a presença de células ósseas e de tecido osteóide bem irrigados. / In this research were studied both filling and osteoconduction action in rabbit tibiae, which received a powder bioactive glass of de following composition (45,9% SiO2, 23,9% Na2O, 21,6% CaO, 7,54% P2O5, all in wt%). It was carried out in right tibiae tuberosity perfurations of 24 New Zealand white, male, mature rabbits weighing between 2.6 e 4.0 Kg. There was used animal’s autologous blood mixed with bioactive glass to facilitate its placed in tibia. It were observed in tibia tuberosity perfurations findings by means of radiography, light microscopy, SEM and EDS to show bone tissue and bioactive glass interaction. Material characterization was made by chemical composition analysis, SEM, DTA, XRD analysis and evaluation of cytotoxicity potential in vitro. Results indicated that material was biocompatible and acted as a osteoconductive material. Both bone cells and osteid tissue were found with satisfactory blood irrigation.

As células tronco possuem a capacidade de auto renovação ilimitada e de se manterem indiferenciadas durante um período prolongado de tempo, até se diferenciarem em uma linhagem celular específica. Devido as dificuldades encontradas na utilização de células embrionárias por questões éticas, de segurança e histocompatibilidade e a limitada plasticidade das células tronco adultas, as células tronco fetais, derivadas de tecidos extraembrionários, aparecem no cenário terapêutico como uma alternativa promissora. Uma vez que apresentam alta capacidade de proliferação e expansão in vitro, além de sua característica imunogênica, por se encontrarem na interface materno fetal. Por conta destas características, a membrana amniótica surgiu como uma nova e importante fonte de células tronco em diferentes espécies. Neste trabalho, foram utilizados 8 fetos de coelhos para a coleta da membrana amniótica. A membrana foi isolada pela técnica de explante, as amostras foram cultivadas em meio DMEM-HIGH, e posteriormente criopreservadas nas passagens P4 e P8 para realizar os experimentos. Em cultivo, essas células apresentaram aderência a placa, alta capacidade de proliferação e morfologia semelhante à fibroblastos. Na caracterização imunofenotípica, houve expressão de marcadores de citoesqueleto, de células mesenquimais, proliferação, pluripotência e para precursores de células hematopoiéticas, embora não tenha ocorrido a expressão de marcadores de células hematopoiéticas (CD-45) e de células precursoras neuronais. Quando induzidas a diferenciação in vitro, as células amnióticas tiveram capacidade de se diferenciarem nas linhagens osteogênica, adipogênica e condrogênica. Além disso, quando injetadas em camundongos nude, não foi verificada a formação de tumor. Nossos resultados demostram que células de membrana amniótica de coelho podem ser consideradas células tronco mesenquimais com possibilidade de serem utilizadas no futuro na terapia celular / Stem cells are capable of unlimited self renewal and to remain undifferentiated for a prolonged period of time up to differentiate into a specific cell lineage. Due to the difficulties in the use of embryonic cells due ethical reasons, security and histocompatibility, and in the other hands, the limited plasticity of adult stem cells, fetal stem cells, derived from extraembryonic tissues, appear in the therapeutic setting as a promising alternative. They have high capacity of proliferation and in vitro expansion, as well as immunogenic properties, since they are at the maternal-fetal interface. Due to these characteristics, the amniotic membrane has emerged as an important new source of stem cells in different species. In this work, we used 8 fetuses of rabbits to collect amniotic membrane. The membrane was isolated by the explant technique. Samples were cultured in DMEM-HIGH, and cryopreserved in the passages P4 and P8 in order to perform the experiments. In culture, these cells exhibited adhesion to the dishes, high proliferative capacity and fibroblast-like morphology. In immunophenotypic characterization, there was expression of markers related to cell cytoskeleton, mesenchymal stem cells, proliferation, pluripotency, and hematopoietic precursor cells. And there was no expression of hematopoietic cell markers (CD-45) and neuronal precursor cells. When induced to in vitro differentiation, the amniotic cells were able to differentiate in osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic lineages. Furthermore, when injected into nude mice, tumor formation has not been verified. Our results demonstrate that rabbit amniotic membrane cells can be considered mesenchymal stem cells with possibility to be used in the future in cell therapy

A ingestão de dietas com níveis elevados de flúor interfere na mineralização óssea e, conseqüentemente, poderá influenciar nas propriedades mecânicas dos ossos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar e avaliar algumas propriedades mecânicas de fêmures de coelhos submetidos a dietas com diferentes concentrações de flúor, mediante ensaios mecânicos de flexão em três pontos. Foram utilizados os fêmures de 40 coelhos machos, albinos, da raça Nova Zelândia com 1 mês de idade. Durante 40 dias os animais, divididos em 5 grupos, receberam dietas contendo diferentes concentrações de flúor. As propriedades mecânicas da deformação proporcional e resiliência, apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significante. Houve redução nos valores para rigidez, tensão máxima, carga máxima, mas sem diferença estatisticamente significante, para os grupos com maior concentração de flúor. Diante destas considerações e dos achados neste trabalho, fica evidente a necessidade de mais investigações para caracterizar a relação entre o flúor e as propriedades mecânicas. / High levels of fluoride ingestion may interfere with bone mineralization and, therefore, cause modification in the bone mechanical properties. In this investigation we studied the relationship between some mechanical properties of the rabbit femur and different concentration of fluoride in the diets. It was performed the three bending test in forty femurs obtained from New Zealand white rabbits that had been fed with diet with different fluoride concentration during 40 days since they were one month old. The animals were divided into 5 different groups according to the fluoride concentration in diets. The resilience and proportional deformation were higher for the group with the highest fluoride ingestion and there was no difference among the other groups. Rigidity, ultimate load and tension were lower as fluoride concentration increased but with no statistical difference. It was concluded that more investigation is necessary to establish the relationship of the mechanical properties with fluoride intake.

The purpose of this study was to substantiate previous claims that differential growth across the frontonasal suture occurs and if this differential growth pattern is caused by an increased mitotic rate of the nasal bone. Two six week old New Zealand White Rabbits were given calcein 20mg/kg IA, demeclocycline 20mg/kg IA, and BrdU 40mg/kg IA on Days 1, 11, and 14, respectively. The animals were euthanized using Ketamine 31.6mg/kg IM and Pentobarbital 100mg/kg IV. The frontonasal suture was removed from the rabbit and divided into hemisections. The right hemisection was histologically processed using standard calcified methods which were modified and used for smaller bone sections at the Comparative Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin. The left hemisection was reserved for BrdU staining at the Central Microscopy Research Facility, University of Iowa. The resultant slides were imaged and photographed using an Olympus BX-40 microscope and measured using ImageJ software (NIH). Means and standard deviations were calculated for interlabel distance and mineral apposition rate (MAR). All frontonasal suture sites demonstrated double fluorochrome labeling. Samples F2-2 and M2-1 demonstrated the predicted differential growth pattern. Samples F2-1 and M2-2 did not. No suture sites demonstrated positive staining for BrdU. Although the sample size was small (n=2), this may demononstrate a trend toward differential growth of the suture. Due to the small sample size, the labeling protocol used in this study provided limited quantitative data. Although two sections did not demonstrate more bone deposition or faster mineral apposition rate of the nasal bone, it is important to consider that these sections were of poorer quality when compared to the other sections. Higher quality sections with clear, measurable margins showed a difference between frontal and nasal bone growth in both morphology and mineral apposition rate.

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The aim of this master’s thesis was the design RGB LED display with Ethernet interface. I created a display module, controlled by a microcontroller ATmega 2560-16AU. These modules can be connected via a serial RS485 standard. Ethernet connection is made via plug-in interface that uses the programmable module Rabbit RCM 3200. I documented a proposal. I tested designed device.

<p>There is a considerable body of evidence suggestive that dehydration can negatively impact voice production. However, our understanding of the underlying biology and physiological changes, particularly at the molecular level,  that contribute to this dysphonia are limited. Further, our ability to assess underlying changes in humans is restricted largely to post-mortem tissue or tissue resected during interventional vocal fold surgery, both of which are subject to bias in age and disease state. Here we have utilized a New Zealand white rabbit model of vocal fold dehydration to probe the <em>in vivo</em> molecular response to dehydration, focusing on differential gene and protein regulation. In the first study, a single 8-hour exposure to low humidity was used to induce airway surface dehydration. RNA Sequencing was used to obtain a global snapshot of differential transcriptional regulation. This informed a second study wherein 8-hour exposures to low humidity over 15 consecutive days were used and followed by LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis to interrogate potential functional changes. In the third study, systemic dehydration was induced with a 5-day water restriction protocol. A third rehydrated group was included that returned to <em>ad libitum</em> consumption for 3 days. LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis was used. We have found evidence for transcriptional and protein expression changes under both dehydration paradigms. Our findings serve to inform our molecular biological understanding of dehydration of the vocal folds with implications to prophylaxis against and clinical intervention thereof. </p>

Intracellular membrane potential (Em) and force development were measured in rabbit basilar artery to help elucidate the mechanism of action of dopamine in this preparation. There was a strong correlation between membrane depolarization and contraction (r=0.95) between 3×10-7 M to 10-4 M dopamine. When the vascular muscle cells were depolarized by elevating [K]o there was a Em dependent decrease in force development in response to dopamine. Significant reduction of dopamine stimulated force development was observed when the vessel was depolarized by 5-6 mV by excess extracellular K+ and 90% inhibition was seen when the artery was depolarized to -20mv. When Ca++ influx was blocked, dopamine no longer induced force development. Such findings suggest that dopamine cotracts rabbit basilar artery by a mechanism involving membrane depolarization. This process may involve an influx of extracellular Ca++ through voltage sensitive channels.