O crescimento do mercado de software a cada dia acarreta o aumento do uso de técnicas de desenvolvimento, muitas vezes informais. A manutenção de tais softwares torna-se problemática, uma vez que a documentação associada ao software, na maioria das vezes, não está de acordo com o código implementado. Dessa forma, quando diante da manutenção do produto, o engenheiro de software encontra uma documentação informal e incompleta, que não reflete o software existente. Nesse contexto é que se encontra a Engenharia Reversa de Software, com o propósito de recuperar as informações de projeto perdidas durante a fase de desenvolvimento, e de documentar o real estado do software. O principal objetivo deste trabalho de mestrado foi a investigação de uma estrutura adequada de hiperdocumento para apoiar a documentação requerida durante o processo de engenharia reversa de software. A partir de um levantamento dos requisitos desejáveis em um hiperdocumento, para que possua as habilidades de suporte à documentação de engenharia de reversa de software, um conjunto de links e estrutura de nós foi definido. Os requisitos, para a composição de tal hiperdocumento, foram investigados por meio de uma experiência: a autodocumentação do sistema hipermídia denominado SASHE (Sistema de Autoria e Suporte Hipermídia para Ensino), que já possui suporte ao tratamento de nós aninhados e outras características de aplicativo para ensino. A engenharia reversa foi desenvolvida baseando-se no método de engenharia reversa Fusion-RE/I, e os produtos obtidos foram inseridos em uma hiperbase no SASHE.

Considering the permanent nature of the built environment, this dissertation investigates an alternative approach towards static architecture. Allowing the building’s users the ability to alter and determine their own environments due to ever evolving social needs. This architectural approach is thereafter metaphorically condensed to formulate a programme between isolation (prison) and freedom (society), where parolees are temporarily housed and given the opportunity to implement the production skills that were developed in prison. Allowing these parolees a second chance for redemption and the opportunity to ‘give back to society’ through the production process of recyclable waste into new sustainable products. The architectural concept should be understood in various different time scales over which the building changes, thus designing for disassembly by utilising a modular and kit-of-parts approach. / Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Architecture / unrestricted

Ipsilateral pulmonary edema may occur in a lung that has been rapidly reinflated after a period of collapse. The syndrome of re-expansion pulmonary edema is associated with variable degrees of hypotension and hypoxemia. In its extreme form, it may result in cardiac arrest and death. The initial cause of uninflated pulmonary parenchyma described with re-expansion pulmonary edema has typically been either a large undrained pleural effusion or a pneumothorax. The authors describe a patient in whom re-expansion pulmonary edema developed when inadvertent puncture of large emphysematous bullae released previously atelectatic lung.

BACKGROUND: Cbln1 is a gene whose expression is negatively correlated to seizures. Krishnan et al. has recently shown that seizures synergize with transcriptional co-regulator Ube3a to repress Cbln1 expression, which ultimately manifests as ASD associated behavioral discrepancies. (Krishnan et al., 2017) Seizures increase the expression of REST and the Cbln1 gene contains an intronic RE-1 binding site previously shown to interact with REST. This could therefore be a point of convergence for the transcriptional downregulation of Cbln1. OBJECTIVE: To determine if Cbln1’s RE-1 sequences confers gene repression to minimal promoter reporter system by REST and Ube3a. METHODS: Desired RE-1 sequences from Cbln1 were subcloned into a pGL3-basic vector using specific restriction enzymes that flanked each DNA region. Specific oligonucleotide target sequences were annealed together and ligated into the plasmid vector before transfecting into live HEK293T cells. A minimal luciferase promoter with just enough sequence for the polymerase to sit was also ligated into the cassette. A luciferase assay was then conducted on the plated cells under exposure to separate testing conditions such as excess Ube3a, REST, dnREST, and various combinations of these factors to determine the effect of these TFs on gene expression controlled by Cbln1’s RE-1 site. RESULTS: REST strongly, and Ube3a weakly, repressed the minimal promoter reporter construct when Cbln1’s RE-1 sequences were added. REST occluded the repressive effects produced by Ube3a indicating that their effects are not additive or synergistic. CONCLUSION: Both REST, that is increased by seizures (Krishnan et al., 2017), and Ube3a (more weakly) can repress gene expression when Cbln1’s RE-1 binding sequences are added. These repressive effects may help explain how seizures and Ube3a can decrease Cbln1 expression that ultimately leads to reduced sociability. / 2019-10-31

In a stroke-certified 500-bed acute care hospital, the 30-day readmission rates for patients discharged to rehabilitation centers or skilled nursing facilities were higher than the rates for patients discharged to home. A review of data by the stroke team showed 44 patients readmitted within 30 days of initial stroke discharge between October 2016 and January 2017. The rate of re-admission for those discharged home was 41% (18 patients), whereas the rate for those discharged to acute inpatient rehabilitation, long-term acute care, or skilled nursing facilities was 59% (26 patients). The practice-focused question for this project assessed whether using a re-admission risk-assessment tool and implementing interventions during the initial acute-care admission, would help to identify and improve risk for 30-day re-admissions for patients diagnosed with stroke. The goal of this research project was to adopt, test, and recommend the implementation of a readmission risk assessment tool to enable discharge planners to identify stroke patients at risk for readmission and implement interventions to help reduce this risk. Lewin’s theory of change was used to inform the project. A stroke re-admission risk-assessment tool in use at a similar hospital was adopted and tested for 1 week on the hospital’s 28-bed stroke unit by nurse case managers. The test was conducted among 5 patients with confirmed diagnosis of stroke. A re-admission data review was performed 30 days after their discharge, which showed no readmissions for the 5 patients involved in the trial. The tool helped to improve case manager awareness of increased risk for readmissions, guide interventions, and improve patient transition and outcomes. The implications of this project for positive change include the potential to improve risk for patients with stroke in the acute-care facility.

The purpose of this dissertation is to develop models and solution approaches to identify the critical hierarchies of railroad and surface transportation network infrastructures, and to facilitate re-routing options that will be necessary for traffic management decision makings in the event of a disaster. We focus on building mathematical models for routing/re-routing of traffic considering the congestion effects which are obvious in the disrupted networks due to disaster. Based on these models, the critical hierarchies of infrastructures are determined. For railroad, we develop two different models: the first one considers ‘unit’ train re-routing and the other one considers Train Design approach. For intermodal system, the optimization model facilitates optimal re-routing of traffic using three surface transportation modes: highway, railway and waterway, considering the congestion characteristics of each mode. For the first model of railroad routing, the optimization model optimally routes unit trains based on a minimum cost network flow formulation with nonlinear objective function. The nonlinear objective function is approximated with a piece-wise linear function to make the model computationally tractable. The second model, known as Train Design optimization, is a highly combinatorial and complex optimization problem. The developed model’s computational complexity suggests us to use heuristic solution procedures. We develop a special heuristic algorithm to route the traffic in the congested network. In this heuristic procedure, we divide the problem into two sub-problems (SPs): SP-1 is termed as Block-to-Train Assignment (BTA) problem, and SP-2 is termed as Train Routing (TR) problem. BTA problem provides a feasible solution that includes the minimum number of required trains with the pick-up and drop-off points of the blocks carried by these trains, and TR problem ensures the optimal routing of these trains. Similar to railroad, an optimization model is developed for optimal routing/rerouting of traffic using the intermodal network. It is a mixed integer programming (MIP) problem, which is not practical to solve for real-world problem instances within reasonable amount of time. Linear relaxation to this model provides a very good lower bound closer to optimal solution. Therefore, we implemented our case-study for a realworld intermodal transportation system of five U.S. states.

With prison populations on the rise, it is imperative to find re-entry programs that effectively decrease recidivism. Understanding the experiences of participants and the criminogenic factors that provoke and prohibit their successful reintegration is a vital aspect of evaluating re-entry programs. With sixteen in-depth interviews, this study evaluates the pilot re-entry program, RealVictory, by exploring the opinions and experiences of its participants including the key criminogenic factors affecting their successes and failures during the reintegration process. The two most pervasive criminogenic factors affecting recidivism for participants of this study were support systems and desire to change. While both the control and treatment groups had three members rearrested since they were last out of jail or prison, we find that re-arrest isn't necessarily the best measure of program success despite the common use of this measure in quantitative studies (Seiter, 2003). All participants who went through the RealVictory program reported that the program was effective in helping them to stay out of crime.

Her Terrible Splendor is a poetry collection that transports the Greek witch-goddess Circe from her mythical island of Aeaea to modern-day East Texas, where I was raised. By locating Circe in the Piney Woods, I heighten the strangeness that I identify with that setting and open up new contexts for considering Circe as a woman, as an enchanter, and as figure of retelling and revision. Circe appears in an array of roles—friend, lover, mentor, alter-ego, muse—as the poems view her through different lenses, including ekphrastic responses to visual art, rewritings of myths, and "portrait" poems that cast people from the human speaker's life as the goddess herself. A powerful mythic woman who works alone and creates a haven for strange creatures and lost humans, Circe offers a way for the manuscript to consider the complex, multifaceted process of coming of age as a woman, self-making as myth-making.

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