Dynamic deployment is an Emergency Medical Services (EMS) ambulance management strategy where 911 call demand coverage is maximized continuously through time. Unlike static deployment where dispatched ambulances leave a coverage gap until they return to their home-base after service, dynamic deployment redeploys idle ambulances to different locations if that leads to an increase in demand coverage. The purpose of this dissertation was to study dynamic deployment as a viable, beneficial, and cost-effective methodology in managing EMS ambulances and crews. The literature, while rich in studies on static deployment, was lacking when it came to ambulance management strategies like dynamic deployment. Through a discrete-event simulation model, hypothetical EMS systems were simulated under dynamic and static deployment with different demand patterns, demand loads, and system sizes. Dynamic deployment was found to be as good, or often better, in emergency response metrics than static deployment. When EMS systems want to meet a certain response goal, dynamic deployment may enable them to achieve that performance with fewer vehicles than static deployment. While savings in number of vehicles translate to substantial savings in crew wages and vehicular purchasing costs, dynamic deployment may increase operating costs per vehicle because of the extra mileage involved in redeployments. Many EMS systems with average vehicular utilizations of 40% to 50% may find, however, that dynamic deployment may be both cost-effective and beneficial in improving response performance. Different redeployment strategies were studied to address the added travel costs of dynamic deployment and a min-sum assignment model was found to decrease redeployment travel the most without impacting response performance. Finally, a procedure and a mathematical model were developed to route vehicles intelligently such that demand coverage is maximized throughout the redeployment process.

Thesis (M.Dev.) --University of Limpopo, 2007 / Refer to document

Abstract The ratio of unemployment in 2000 is 2.99%. The ratio of unemployment in 2001 is 4.57%. The ratio of unemployment in 2002 is 5.17%(narrow sense). The ratio of unemployment in 2002 is 7.26% (broad sense). They achieve the highest record in history at the same time. Mention as above we know unemployment has become the most serious problem in Taiwan now. The top three motorcycle companies in Taiwan are KYMCO, SYM, and YAMAHA which have different business styles, so there must be some differences in design and practice of downsizing programs. Finding the same points and the differences in downsizing programs are the motives of this research. And forming experience rules for business to use can show the value of this research. On the other side, we can find manpower market problems in manufacturing industries in Taiwan from researching Taiwan motorcycle industries. The quantities method researches about quitting are very popular recently. Although the research contents can provide many ideas for business, the business truly needs the know-how of planning in advance and implementing steps in downsizing programs that are key factors whether the downsizing programs can smoothly succeed or not. But we seldom read such descriptive researches that business readers really want to consult. This research tries to discuss with process design and tasks of every stages of downsizing programs according to time axis. Secondary data are from newspapers, periodical, thesis, books, company publication, and network. Primary data come from case companies interview (the first step) and questionnaire (the second step). The objects who this researcher interviews are HR department managers of KYMCO, SYM, and YAMAHA. The in-depth interview of the first step¡Gthis research analyzes the origin of downsizing programs from business condition, gets together the practice process and situation of downsizing programs from history vestige, records the improved activities after downsizing programs from holding the present situation, and describes business vision from future chance. The questionnaire of the second step¡Gtry to understand the feeling that personnel matters workers feel at heart in carrying out downsizing programs, the opinions that personnel matters workers think about downsizing programs, the belief that decision-making managers have to personnel matters workers¡¦ professional performance in downsizing programs. From the comparison and analyses of interview data of case companies, we can clearly know the cause, entire process, and effect of downsizing programs of the top three motorcycle companies in Taiwan. At last this research submits the related proposals from different views¡Gthe proposal for employees (create high additional value), the proposal for government (create occupation advantage by improving political and economical environment), the proposal for business (laws side. human kindness side. management side. implementation side ), the proposal for case companies (strategy. internation. system. science and technology).

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty Of Education in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree Of Master Of Education in the Department Of Foundations of Education at the University Of Zululand, 2018 / Principals are facing challenges in managing the teaching of Agricultural Sciences in the FET band, and this leads to some schools phasing out Agricultural Sciences. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors contributing to challenges principals experience in managing the teaching Agricultural Sciences in the FET band. The study adopted mixed methods approach and used quantitative and qualitative methods. Questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data and were completed by forty teachers. An interview schedule was employed to collect qualitative data, and ten principals were interviewed. Simple random sampling was used to select participants for quantitative data and purposive sampling was employed in the selection of participants for qualitative data. Quantitative data was analyzed through the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 24 while qualitative data was analyzed thematically. The study revealed that principals lack managerial skills in the teaching of Agricultural Sciences. It was recommended that principals should be capacitated in managerial skills of teaching the subject, and this should be a continuous process because of the constant curriculum changes. / National Research Foundation of South Africa (Grant Number:CPT160513164973 and 105246)

The purpose of this research is to investigate what factors influenced the rationalisation and redeployment of public secondary school in the Northern Province. The process carried with it a many implementation problems. Stakeholders interpreted the procedures differently Although there were collective agreements concluded in the ELRC there were problems in the implementation as the stakeholders had different objectives. Though the department of education indicated that they wanted to achieve equitable redistribution of resources, including educators, the reality is that they wanted to save money. The unions agreed to redeployment as a means to correct the imbalances of the past and to secure educators jobs. The main factors which influenced the process of redeployment are the need to redistribute educators equitably and the department’s desire to save money. / Dissertation (MEd (Education Management and Policy Studies)--University of Pretoria, 2004. / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

The purpose of this study was to examine the aspects of redeployment in general terms, and then to present a case study of a specific redeployment program to analyze its effectiveness as a corporate financial tool. The first four chapters discuss the general and financial definitions of redeployment, as well as the objectives, benefits, and alternate methods of the operational asset form of redeployment. The specific redeployment program analyzed is the case study of Ling-Temco-Vought's use of the operational asset form of redeployment. The purpose of the case study was to determine if Ling-Temco--Vought achieved their stated objectives. An analysis of these objectives shows that redeployment was a success.

Les adultes peuvent éprouver des difficultés à discriminer des phonèmes d’une langue seconde (L2) qui ne servent pas à distinguer des items lexicaux dans leur langue maternelle (L1). Le Feature Model (FM) de Brown (1998) propose que les adultes peuvent réussir à créer des nouvelles catégories de sons seulement si celles-ci peuvent être construites à partir de traits distinctifs existant dans la L1 des auditeurs. Cette hypothèse a été testée sur plusieurs contrastes consonantiques dans différentes langues; cependant, il semble que les traits qui s’appliquent sur les voyelles n’aient jamais été examinés dans cette perspective et encore moins les traits qui opèrent à la fois dans les systèmes vocalique et consonantique et qui peuvent avoir un statut distinctif ou non-distinctif. Le principal objectif de la présente étude était de tester la validité du FM concernant le contraste vocalique oral-nasal du portugais brésilien (PB). La perception naïve du contraste /i/-/ĩ/ par des locuteurs du français, de l’anglais, de l’espagnol caribéen et de l’espagnol conservateur a été examinée, étant donné que ces quatre langues diffèrent en ce qui a trait au statut de la nasalité. De plus, la perception du contraste non-naïf /e/-/ẽ/ a été inclus afin de comparer les performances dans la perception naïve et non-naïve. Les résultats obtenus pour la discrimination naïve de /i/-/ĩ/ a permis de tirer les conclusions suivantes pour la première exposition à un contraste non natif : (1) le trait [nasal] qui opère de façon distinctive dans la grammaire d’une certaine L1 peut être redéployé au sein du système vocalique, (2) le trait [nasal] qui opère de façon distinctive dans la grammaire d’une certaine L1 ne peut pas être redéployé à travers les systèmes (consonne à voyelle) et (3) le trait [nasal] qui opère de façon non-distinctive dans la grammaire d’une certaine L1 peut être ou ne pas être redéployé au statut distinctif. En dernier lieu, la discrimination non-naïve de /e/-/ẽ/ a été réussie par tous les groupes, suggérant que les trois types de redéploiement s’avèrent possibles avec plus d’expérience dans la L2. / Adults may experience difficulties discriminating phonemes of a second language (L2) that do not serve to distinguish lexical items in their native language (L1). Brown’s (1998) Feature Model (FM) advances that adults may be able to create new sound categories only if these can be built from contrastive features existing in their L1. This hypothesis has been tested on various consonant contrasts in a number of languages; however, it appears that features applying on vowels have never been examined from this perspective and neither have features that operate both in the vowel and the consonant systems and that may have a contrastive or a non-contrastive status. The main purpose of the present study was to test the validity of the FM with respect to the oral-nasal vowel contrast of Brazilian Portuguese. The naïve perception of the contrast /i/-/ĩ/ by French, English, Caribbean Spanish, and conservative Spanish speakers was examined, given that these four languages differ with respect to the status of nasality. Moreover, the perception of the non-naïve contrast /e/-/ẽ/ was included to compare naïve and non-naïve perception performances. The obtained data for the naïve discrimination of /i/-/ĩ/ allowed to draw the following conclusions for the first exposure to a non-native contrast: (1) the feature [nasal] operating contrastively in the grammar of a given L1 can be redeployed within the vowel system, (2) the feature [nasal] operating contrastively in the grammar of a given L1 may not be redeployed across systems (consonant to vowel), and (3) the feature [nasal] operating non-contrastively in the grammar of a given L1 might or might not be redeployed to contrastive status. Lastly, the non-naïve perception of /e/-/ẽ/ was successful for all groups, suggesting that the three types of redeployment are possible with more experience in the L2.

Les microrobots MEMS sont des éléments miniaturisés qui peuvent capter et agir sur l'environnement. Leur taille est de l'ordre du millimètre et ils ont une faible capacité de mémoire et une capacité énergétique limitée. Les microrobots MEMS continuent d'accroître leur présence dans notre vie quotidienne. En effet, ils peuvent effectuer plusieurs missions et tâches dans une large gamme d'applications telles que la localisation d'odeur, la lutte contre les incendies, le service médical, la surveillance, le sauvetage et la sécurité. Pour faire ces taches et missions, ils doivent appliquer des protocoles de redéploiement afin de s'adapter aux conditions du travail. Ces algorithmes doivent être efficaces, évolutifs, robustes et ils doivent utiliser de préférence des informations locales. Le redéploiement pour les microrobots MEMS mobiles nécessite actuellement un système de positionnement et une carte (positions prédéfinies) de la forme cible. La solution traditionnelle de positionnement comme l'utilisation d'un GPS consommerait trop d'énergie. De plus, l'utilisation de solutions de positionnement algorithmique avec les techniques de multilatération pose toujours des problèmes à cause des erreurs dans les coordonnées obtenues.Dans la littérature, si nous voulons une auto-reconfiguration de microrobots vers une forme cible constituée de P positions, chaque microrobot doit avoir une capacité mémoire de P positions pour les sauvegarder. Par conséquent, si P est de l'ordre de milliers ou de millions, chaque noeud devra avoir une capacité de mémoire de positions en milliers ou millions. Parconséquent, ces algorithmes ne sont pas extensibles ou évolutifs. Dans cette thèse, on propose des protocoles de reconfiguration où les noeuds ne sont pas conscients de leurs positions dans le plan et n'enregistrent aucune position de la forme cible. En d'autres termes, les noeuds ne stockent pas au départ les coordonnées qui construisent la forme cible. Par conséquent, l'utilisation de mémoire pour chaque noeud est réduite à une complexité constante. L'objectif desalgorithmes distribués proposés est d'optimiser la topologie logique du réseau des microrobots afin de chercher une meilleure complexité pour l'échange de message et une communication peu coûteuse. Ces solutions sont complètement distribués. On montre pour la reconfiguration d'une chaîne à un carré comment gérer la dynamicité du réseau pour sauvegarder l'énergie, on étudie comment utiliser le parallélisme de mouvements pour optimiser le temps d'exécution et lenombre de mouvements. Ainsi, on propose une autre solution où la topologie physique initiale peut être n'importe quelle configuration initiale. Avec ces solutions, les noeuds peuvent exécuter l'algorithme indépendamment du lieu où ils sont déployés, parce que l'algorithme est indépendant de la carte de la forme cible. En outre, ces solutions cherchent à atteindre la forme de la cible avec une quantité minimale de mouvement. / MEMS microrobots are miniaturized elements that can capture and act on the environment. They have a small size, low memory capacity and limited energy capacity. These inexpensive devices can perform several missions and tasks in a wide range of applications such as locating odor, fighting against fires, medical service, surveillance, search, rescue and safety. To do these tasks and missions, they have to carry out protocols of redeployment to adapt to the working conditions. These algorithms should be efficient, scalable, robust and should only use local information. Redeployment for mobile MEMS microrobots currently requires a positioning system and a map (predefined positions) of the target shape. Traditional positioning solutions such as using GPS consumes a lot of energy and it is no applicable in the micro scale. Also, the use of an algorithmic solution positioning with multilateration techniques causes problems due to errors in the coordinates obtained. In the literature works, if we want a microrobots self-reconfiguring to a target shape consisting of P positions, each microrobot must have a storage capacity of at least P positions to save them. Therefore, if P equals to thousands or millions, every node must have a storage capacity of thousands or millions of positions. However, these algorithms are notscalable. In this thesis, we propose protocols of self-reconfiguration where nodes are not aware of their position in the plane and do not record the positions of the target shape. Therefore, the memory space required for each node is significantly reduced at a constant complexity. The purpose of these distributed algorithms is to optimize the logical topology of the network of mobile MEMS microrobots to seek a better complexity for message exchange and inexpensive communication.In this work, we show for the reconfiguration of a chain into a square, how to handle the dynamicity of the network to save energy, and we study how to use parallelism in motion to optimize the execution time and the number of movements. Furthermore, another solution is proposed where the initial physical topology may be any connected configuration. With thesesolutions the nodes can execute the algorithm regardless of where they are deployed, because the algorithm is independent of the map of the target shape. Furthermore, these solutions seek to achieve the shape of the target with a minimum amount of movement.

Thesis (M. Ed. (Curriculum Studies)) -- University of Limpopo, 2016 / Refer to document

This study investigates the involvement of teacher unions in the implementation of the Employment of Educators Act (Act 76 of 1998) at school level. Union involvement at school level is still characterized by controversy when it comes to the filling of promotional posts and the redeployment of educators. The inappropriate involvement of unions by ignoring their observer status, may lead to the infringement of educators’ rights if it goes unchecked by the DoE. This may consequently result in poor performance by educators who may feel discriminated against during the redeployment and the filling of promotional posts. Teacher unions have the responsibility to ensure that educators are not victimized. If unions abdicate this responsibility and attend to only key union members when promotional posts are filled, they will cease to be effective unions. Unions who protect non-dedicated and unqualified educators from redeployment will lose the respect of the teaching fraternity, and eventually their membership numbers will dwindle. This was a qualitative and exploratory study based on the grounded theoretical approach. It was conducted in Districts 11 and 12 of the Gauteng Department of Education using focus groups and one-on-one interviews with the various stakeholders from the Department of Education, and leaders of the South African Democratic Teachers’ Union, and the National Association of Professional Teachers’ Organizations in South Africa. The findings indicate that during the filling of promotional posts, the unions tend to use undue influence to have their members promoted, to the detriment of deserving and better qualified educators. During the redeployment process they protect their members against principals who declared them in excess. It was reported that principals make use of the redeployment processes to get rid of educators who are often absent from school because of union work during school hours. If the Department of Education does not seriously take control of the situation in respect of the filling of promotional posts and the redeployment of educators, then the teacher unions will take over. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Educational Management)