El presente proyecto “Fancy Rent Bag” tiene por finalidad desarrollar un modelo innovador y escalable que permita contribuir sosteniblemente a la sociedad, de tal manera que este pueda hacer frente a nuestros competidores del mercado nacional a través de diferentes estrategias de marketing enfocadas en optimizar nuestros procesos operativos y de venta; y así posicionar a la empresa y aumentar su participación de mercado para llegar a al segmento objetivo y clientes potenciales de manera efectiva. Asimismo, nuestro público objetivo se divide en dos segmentos. Por un lado, el primer segmento o también “consumidoras que desean alquilar carteras de marca” se enfoca en mujeres peruanas modernas residentes de Lima Metropolitana de 18 a 39 años de edad de los niveles socioeconómicos AB y C. La propuesta brindada para el segmento 1 es ofrecer un espacio digital en el cual las usuarias puedan encontrar diversas carteras de marca a precios accesibles. Por otro lado, el segundo segmento de mercado o “propietarias”, son aquellas mujeres que desean rentar sus carteras de marca y ganar dinero adicional; este segmento comprende a mujeres peruanas de estilo sofisticado residentes de Lima Metropolitana de 20 a 40 años de edad pertenecientes a un nivel socioeconómico A y B. Ante ello, durante el transcurso del proyecto fue posible percibir una acogida incremental por la renta de las carteras de marca, lo cual también fue validado con las impresiones e interacciones en redes sociales, Google Ads y Google Analytics. / "The present project “Fancy Rent Bag” aims to develop an innovative and scalable model, which allows contributing sustainably to society, so that it can face our national competitors through different marketing strategies focused on optimizing our operational and sales processes. Thus, the company will be able to position in the market and increase its market share to reach its target segment and potential customers effectively. Likewise, our target audience is divided in two segments. On the one hand, the first segment or also called ""consumers who want to rent luxury or designer bags"" focuses on modern peruvian women residing in Metropolitan Lima from 18 to 39 years of age from the socioeconomic status A, B and C. The proposal for segment 1 is to offer a digital space in which users can find different exclusive bags at affordable prices. On the other hand, the second segment or also called “owners” are those women who want to rent their luxury bags and earn extra money. This segment includes Peruvian women of sophisticated style residing in Metropolitan Lima from 20 to 40 years of age from the socioeconomic status A and B. Given this, during the course of the project it was possible to notice an incremental reception of the rent of luxury bags, which was with the impressions and interactions on social networks, Google Ads and Google Analytics. / Trabajo de investigación

Community Land Trusts (CLTs) are an affordable housing model based in the principles of community control of land and housing, as well as the permanent affordability of home ownership. Because of their membership-based governance structure and limited-equity formula, they are uniquely positioned to target reinvestment in communities of color and low-income communities without perpetuating cycles of displacement. Though focused on home ownership, many CLTs have adapted the model to include rental housing. This addition has the potential to expand affordability and opportunities for community governance to lower-income renters; however, it also challenges CLTs as organizations with little experience developing or managing rental housing. CLTs interested in providing rental units also find limited sources of research guidance on the topic. This thesis intends to evaluate the reasons CLTs do or do not provide rental housing, the obstacles to providing rental housing, the strategies they use to overcome those obstacles, and the resources available to them. To achieve these objectives it assesses interviews with staff at 22 CLTs around the U.S. The research finds that CLTs begin providing rental units to meet the housing needs of low-income people who do not qualify for mortgages, and when the resources available to them supports this strategy. It also reveals that CLTs face significant challenges taking on large rental projects early in their rental careers, but may succeed with smaller-scale rental development and management. The findings suggest that CLTs require much more technical assistance in developing and managing rental properties. The modification of the CLT model to include renters also necessitates some re-thinking of how to provide the full benefits of the model to these new tenants, as well as how to best market the organizations to municipal officials. Lastly, this research aims to encourage planners to reevaluate housing policies biased toward home ownership, especially given the instability of the housing market and the increased demand for rental units. CLTs’ success with rental housing should also prompt these public officials to challenge the typical stereotypes of renters and understand the stability, flexibility, and sustainability that CLTs can bring to affordable rental housing.

2Store is an online platform for Storage in Taipei, our business model is based in peer to peer network, we will be connecting people who need a space to storage their belongings (Renters) and people with empty space in their house and willing to gain an extra revenue renting their space for storage (Hosts), 2Store will aggregate independent service providers. In fact, one of the key characteristics of 2Store is that Hosts and Renters can set the characteristics of the service that they want. For example, size, location, conditions of the place, security, insurance etc. therefore users of the service can adjust the service according to their requirements. 2Store online platform will charge host and renters a commission fee as a broker, therefore 2Store doesn’t require to invest in real estate or warehouses, our operating cost are relatively low compared with the competitors in the storage business, this convert 2Store in an attractive and innovative business model. Taipei have more than six companies involved in the storage business with about 12 warehouses and 44,000 mini warehouses. We also have analyzed the more than 2,7 million of persons in Taipei as our target market and the attraction of Taiwanese for new technologies and similar business models like Airbnb and Uber makes us believe that we have an opportunity of start operations in Taipei.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:48:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DenisF_DISSERT.pdf: 776997 bytes, checksum: c0d801fdcf21ff4f335f115d3918ed93 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-14 / The Scientific Algorithms are a new metaheuristics inspired in the scientific research process. The new method introduces the idea of theme to search the solution space of hard problems. The inspiration for this class of algorithms comes from the act of researching that comprises thinking, knowledge sharing and disclosing new ideas. The ideas of the new method are illustrated in the Traveling Salesman Problem. A computational experiment applies the proposed approach to a new variant of the Traveling Salesman Problem named Car Renter Salesman Problem. The results are compared to state-of-the-art algorithms for the latter problem / Os algoritmos cient?ficos s?o uma nova metaheur?stica inspirada no processo da pesquisa cient?fica. O novo m?todo introduz a ideia de tema para buscar o espa?o de solu??es de problemas dif?ceis. A inspira??o para esta classe de algoritmos vem do ato de pesquisar, que compreende pensar, compartilhar conhecimento e descobrir novas ideias. As ideias do novo m?todo s?o ilustradas no Problema do Caixeiro Viajante. Um experimento computacional aplica a abordagem proposta a uma nova variante do Problema do Caixeiro Viajante intitulada Problema do Caixeiro Alugador. Os resultados s?o comparados aos algoritmos do estado da arte para o ?ltimo problema

La stratégie «Adequate shelter for all and sustainable settlements development in an urbanising world» adoptée au sommet mondial Habitat II d’Istanbul de 1996, traduite dans les Objectifs du Millénaire pour le Développement et maintenant dans les Objectifs de Développement Durable, vise à fournir un logement décent au plus grand nombre de ménages dans les villes du monde et celles d’Afrique Subsaharienne en particulier. La crise du logement caractérisée par les conditions abjectes dans lesquelles la majorité des ménages des villes d’Afrique subsaharienne se logent, devient ainsi un problème majeur auquel la littérature spécialisée promeut généralement, parmi tous les modes d’occupation du logement, l’accession à la propriété comme la panacée. En supposant que cette dimension de la crise du logement ne peut s’expliquer que par les comportements résidentiels des ménages généralement autopromoteurs de leurs logements en Afrique de l’Ouest, et à Lomé la capitale du Togo en particulier, cette thèse de doctorat vise à répondre à la question générale de recherche suivante : Les choix résidentiels à Lomé, en particulier le choix du statut d’occupation du logement, sont-ils exclusivement influencés par le profil des ménages occupants? Par une approche mixte d’écologie urbaine basée sur des analyses croisées de régression logistique multinomiale appliquées à trois sources de données (RGPH4 de 2010, QUIBB de 2011, TERRAIN 2013) étayées par l’analyse biographique relative aux stratégies résidentielles d’un échantillon de 411 ménages participants dans quatre quartiers de Lomé, choisie comme base empirique, la recherche a plus ou moins confirmé les hypothèses émises a priori par les résultats principaux suivants: En lien avec la faible mobilité résidentielle générale qui caractérise les pratiques résidentielles à Lomé, les ménages choisissent, en élaborant des stratégies «de petits pas», leur statut d’occupation du logement suivant des trajectoires résidentielles surtout ascendantes, en fonction plus de leur profil démographique (âge, genre, statut migratoire et matrimonial, type et taille) que de leur statut socioéconomique (revenu, emploi, éducation). Ces choix résidentiels sont également déterminés par les attributs des logements (typologie, localisation et accès aux services de base) constituant les parcs résidentiels existants. Les ménages propriétaires de Lomé, souvent biparentaux, sont plus âgés, plus larges que les ménages locataires et hébergés. Les natifs de la ville et les migrants de longue date sont plus enclins à être propriétaires et durablement hébergés que les nouveaux arrivants. Globalement plus fortunés que les hébergés, les propriétaires ne sont pas forcément plus nantis et plus éduqués que les locataires. L’habitat de cour, habitation multifamiliale majoritaire dans le parc résidentiel de Lomé, bien qu’il abrite des ménages de tous les statuts résidentiels, il est surtout réservé aux locataires. La thèse suggère que des programmes accrus de financement institutionnel du logement, de rénovation générale du parc résidentiel existant et de production d’une version améliorée de l’habitat de cour, avec l’assistance technique publique, contribueront à fournir un logement décent au plus grand nombre de ménages qu’ils soient propriétaires, locataires ou hébergés, à Lomé et ailleurs dans les villes d’Afrique de l’Ouest, conformément au paradigme actuel du développement durable des établissements humains. / «Adequate shelter for all and sustainable settlements development in an urbanizing world», strategy adopted in 1996 at the World Summit Habitat II of Istanbul and expressed in the Millennium Development Goals and now in Sustainable Development Goals, aims to provide a decent housing for the greatest number of households in the world and especially in sub-saharian African towns. Since then, access to adequate housing becomes an important issue for housing research in developing and sub-Saharan African countries where most of households still live in abject conditions of lack adequate water and sanitation services which, among others, typify the acute housing crisis they are facing up to. Housing policies and literature generally promote homeownership as the panacea to solve this size of the housing shortage. Assuming that this housing crisis in West Africa, especially in Lomé the capital of Togo, should be explained by the residential behavior of the households, who are self-help promoters in majority, this doctoral thesis try to answer the following general research question: Are the residential choices in Lomé, especially tenure choice, exclusively influenced by the occupier households’ characteristics? By a mixed approach of urban ecology based on multinomial logistic regression cross-study analyses applied to three data sources (RGPH4 2010, QUIBB 2011 and 2013 field survey data) supported by the life histories concerning the residential strategies of a sample of 411 households in four areas of Lomé chosen as empirical basis, the research confirms more or less the assumptions made, by the following main results: In connection with the general low residential mobility that characterizes the residential patterns in Lomé, households make their tenure choices through especially upward trajectories by developing strategies of «small steps», more according to their demographic profile (stage of life cycle, age, gender, migratory and marital status, type, size) than their socioeconomic status (income, employment, education). These residential choices are also determined by the characteristics of the existing residential parks (typology, location, access to basic services of housing). We find that owner-occupiers are often bi-parental households headed by men, older and larger than renter and free-holder households in Lomé. Native and long-term migrant households are more likely to be homeowners and long-term sharers than those who recently migrate. Homeowner households are overall well-off than free-holders, but they are not necessary wealthier and better educated than the renters. The thesis also shows that family house which mainly makes up the residential park of Lomé, is especially kept for renters, although it shelters households of all the tenures. We suggest that steady programmes of housing finance systems extended to all the sectors of the society, concentrated on the access of the current housing stock to basic services and on the supply, with the public technical support, of an improved version of family house, will largely contribute to offer a decent housing to most of the households in Lomé as elsewhere in West African cities, whether they are owner-occupiers, renters or sharers.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-03T15:48:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MatheusSM_TESE.pdf: 3657538 bytes, checksum: 05bf71663b044728a1e70b6db57b834e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-21 / This paper introduces a new variant of the Traveling Car Renter Problem, named Prizecollecting Traveling Car Renter Problem. In this problem, a set of vertices, each associated with a bonus, and a set of vehicles are given. The objective is to determine a cycle that visits some vertices collecting, at least, a pre-defined bonus, and minimizing the cost of the tour that can be traveled with different vehicles. A mathematical formulation is presented and implemented in a solver to produce results for sixty-two instances. The proposed problem is also subject of an experimental study based on the algorithmic application of four metaheuristics representing the best adaptations of the state of the art of the heuristic programming.We also provide new local search operators which exploit the neighborhoods of the problem, construction procedures and adjustments, created specifically for the addressed problem. Comparative computational experiments and performance tests are performed on a sample of 80 instances, aiming to offer a competitive algorithm to the problem. We conclude that memetic algorithms, computational transgenetic and a hybrid evolutive algorithm are competitive in tests performed / Este trabalho apresenta uma nova variante do problema do Caixeiro Alugador ainda n?o descrita na literatura, denominada de Caixeiro Alugador com Coleta de Pr?mios. Neste problema s?o disponibilizados um conjunto de v?rtices, cada um com um b?nus associado e um conjunto de ve?culos. O objetivo do problema ? determinar um ciclo que visite alguns v?rtices coletando, pelo menos, um b?nus pr?-de nido e minimizando os custos de viagem atrav?s da rota, que pode ser feita com ve?culos de diferentes tipos. ? apresentada uma formula??o matem?tica e implementada em um solver produzindo resultados em sessenta e duas inst?ncias. O problema proposto tamb?m ? objeto de um estudo algor?tmico experimental baseado na aplica??o de quatro metaheur?sticas de solu??o, representando adapta??es do melhor do estado da arte em programa??o heur?stica. Nesse trabalho tamb?m apresentamos a constitui??o de novos operadores que exploram as vizinhan?as do problema, procedimentos construtivos e adapta??es, criados especifi camente para o problema abordado. Experimentos computacionais comparativos e testes de desempenho s?o realizados sobre uma amostra de 80 inst?ncias, visando oferecer um algoritmo de solu??o competitivo para o problema. Conclui-se que algoritmos com abordagem mem?tica, transgen ?tica e evolucion?ria h?brida obtiveram resultados competitivos nos testes efetuados. Palavras-chave: Caixeiro Alugador com Coleta de Pr?mios. Metaheur?sticas. GRASP/VNS. Algoritmo Mem?tico. Transgen?tica Computacional. Computa??o Evolucion?ria

The aim of the thesis is to create price maps of rental flats in Brno . This maps are elaborated in graphical and electronical form. There is also description of obatining and evaluating of data concerning rents of flats. Data are membered according to the type of flat and city parts of Brno. Analysis of data is a part of the thesis as well.