Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Suspension has been the most important subsystem of the vehicle viewed as a system. The ride comfort and vehicle handling performance are affected by the suspension design. Automotive technology has been continuously incorporating developments over the past few decades to provide the end users with a better comfort of driving. Multi-objective optimization of MR damper with objective function of maximizing damping force generated by MR damper with the geometrical parametric constraint function is achieved in this research using pattern search optimization technique. Research focuses on design, modeling, and simulation of active suspension using non-linear theory of the Magneto-Rheological (MR) damper with consideration of the hysteresis behavior for a quarter car model. The research is based on the assumption that each wheel experiences same disturbance excitation. Hysteresis is analyzed using Bingham, Dahl’s, and Bouc-Wen models. Research includes simulation of passive, Bingham, Dahl, and Bouc-wen models. Modeled systems are analyzed for the six road profiles, including road type C according to international standards ISO/TC108/SC2N67. Furthermore, the comparative study of the models for the highest comfort with less overshoot and settling time of vehicle sprung mass are executed. The Bouc-Wen model is 36.91 percent more comfortable than passive suspension in terms of damping force requirements and has a 26.16 percent less overshoot, and 88.31 percent less settling time. The simulation of the Bouc-Wen model yields a damping force requirement of 2003 N which is 97.63 percent in agreement with analytically calculated damping force generated by MR damper. PID controller implementation has improved the overshoot response of Bouc-Wen model in the range of 17.89 percent-81.96 percent for the different road profiles considered in this research without compromising on the settling time of system. PID controller implementation further improves the passenger comfort and vehicle ride handling capabilities. The interdisciplinary approach of systems engineering principles for the suspension design provides unique edge to this research. Classical systems engineering tools and MBSE approach are applied in the design of the MR damper. Requirement traceability successfully validates the optimized MR damper.

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Background: The selection and prioritizing of requirements is the most difficult challenge insoftware development. Prioritizing requirements is a difficult task. Due to the importance of thepriority of requirements, many methods have been developed on how to prioritize requirements.However, with the increase of software modules and the expansion of software platforms, thesingle requirement prioritization method can no longer match the increase in the number ofrequirements. Little is know in how to find and develop integrated requirement prioritizationmethod. Objectives: The main purpose of this research is to explore the main challenges and successcriteria that practitioners consider when determining the priority of product requirements. Builda good requirement prioritization model to tackle these challenges. And evaluate the strengthsand limitations of this model. Method: We conducted a questionnaire survey to learn more about the major problems andsuccess criteria for prioritizing product requirements. After that, we presented a model thatcombined the KANO model and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and we examined its practicality. Finally, using Focus Group Research, we analyzed the benefits and limitations of theintegrated model and improved solutions. Result: The results show that practitioners face many challenges in product requirement prioritization. The model we developed is suitable for a variety of scenarios. It helps practitionersmanage priorities and improve end-user satisfaction, which can solve these challenges to a certain extent. Conclusion: Our research collected many major challenges encountered by requirement analysts and product managers in the process of requirement prioritization. And developed a newrequirement prioritization model, got a better understanding of requirement prioritization whichcan inspire practitioners to build more better requirement prioritization models.

Requirements engineering in a system-engineering project is a key factor in the success of a project. In the current state, stand-alone research has been conducted tackling this area, however, few studies addressed the requirements based on a probabilistic approach. In this thesis, a multi-scale probabilistic approach has been developed, named Bayesian Network, to evaluate the requirements engineering of a complex systems In order to pursue the aim of this paper, the FFG(X) navy ship is chosen to serve as a case study and to validate the proposed model. Results indicate the sub-requirements that highly affect the FFG capability/performance. These sub-requirements are: 1) guns, 2) ballistic missiles, 3) antisubmarine, and 4) radar.

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yes / Interface definition is an essential and integral part of systems engineering. In current practice, interface requirements or control documents are generally used to define systems or subsystems interfaces. One of the challenges with the use of such documents in product development process is the diversity in their types, methodology, contents coverage, and structure across various design levels and across multidisciplinary teams, which often impedes the design process. It is important that interface information is described with appropriate detail and minimal or no ambiguity at each design level. The purpose of this paper is to present an interface analysis template (IAT) as a structured tool and coherent methodology, built upon a critical review of existing literature concepts, with the aim of using and implementing the same template for capturing interface requirements at various levels of design starting from stakeholders' level down to component level analysis. The proposed IAT is illustrated through a desktop case study of an electric pencil sharpener, and two examples of application to automotive systems.

This thesis studies project Solvency II, which is focused on the integrated regulation of insurance market in the European Union. It presents basic division and capital requirements arising from it. It describes division of the project into the three areas, refered to as pillars in practice. The thesis summarizes the basic methods for measuring the risk (Value at Risk, Tail Value at Risk), necessary in the calculation of the solvency capital requirements. The thesis studies the method of calculation of the solvency capital requirement SCR and the minimum capital requirement MCR. The calculation of the SCR is focused mainly on the method of the calculation of the capital requirement using the standard formula. Lastly, capital requirements are calculated using concrete data set.

Title: Capital requirements imposed on insurance companies in Solveny II and their quantification Author: Bc. Martin Kožár Department: Department of probability and mathematical statistics Supervisor: Mgr. Martin Pleška Abstract: This thesis studies project Solvency II, which is focused on the integrated regulation of insurance market in the European Union. It pre- sents basic division and capital requirements arising from it. It describes division of the project into the three areas, refered to as pillars in practice. The thesis summarizes the basic methods for measuring the risk (Value at Risk, Tail Value at Risk), necessary in the calculation of the solvency capital requirements. The thesis studies the method of calculation of the solvency capital requirement SCR and the minimum capital requirement MCR. The calculation of the SCR is focused mainly on the method of the calculation of the capital requirement using the standard formula. Lastly, capital requi- rements are calculated using concrete data set. Keywords: Solvency II, solvency capital requirement SCR, minimum capital requirement MCR 1

The secondary use of Dementia Care Mapping (DCM) data, if that data were held in a data warehouse, could contribute to global efforts in monitoring and improving dementia care quality. This qualitative study identifies requirements for the secondary use of DCM data within a data warehouse using a user-driven approach. The thesis critically analyses various technical methodologies and then argues the use and further demonstrates the applicability of a modified grounded theory as a user-driven methodology for a data warehouse. Interviews were conducted with 29 DCM researchers, trainers and practitioners in three phases. 19 interviews were face to face with the others on Skype and telephone with an average length of individual interview 45-60 minutes. The interview data was systematically analysed using open, axial and selective coding techniques and constant comparison methods. The study data highlighted benchmarking, mappers’ support and research as three perceived potential secondary uses of DCM data within a data warehouse. DCM researchers identified concerns regarding the quality and security of DCM data for secondary uses, which led to identifying the requirements for additional provenance, ethical and contextual data to be included in a warehouse alongside DCM data to meet requirements for secondary uses of this data for research. The study data was also used to extrapolate three main factors such as an individual mapper, the organization and an electronic data management that can influence the quality and availability of DCM data for secondary uses. The study makes further recommendations for designing a future DCM data warehouse.

With increasing incidence of severe disasters, global policies and frameworks have been shifting towards an emphasis on collaboration and community resilience. The greater use of information systems to assist with disasters has prompted a need to examine how technology can support collaboration and resilience. Hence, this thesis aims to identify a set of requirements for a collaborative online asset mapping tool through a requirement engineering process. A multiple case study design was used with the objective of answering: (1) what are the functional, non-functional, and general system requirements of an online asset mapping tool for disaster preparedness; (2) is a standard “off-the-shelf” asset-mapping application feasible for community development and adaptive capacity building for disaster management; and (3) what are the potential designs that can address the requirements? The specific cases examined were The Region of Waterloo, Ontario and Truro, Nova Scotia. The data from the cases was used to perform qualitative content analysis combined with activity diagrams, to determine and analyze the requirements for an online asset mapping tool to aid in disaster preparedness. The findings of the research included shared requirements between the two communities that encompassed: system purpose, system functionalities, user characteristics, and system requirements. Furthermore, prototype user interface (UI) wireframes were developed using the requirements results to show a potential design of an online asset mapping application. This thesis research addressed the need to design a tool that facilitates all aspects of the asset mapping process. Ultimately, this research builds the foundation to which future research can examine the requirements to design and develop a citizen-oriented tool to enhance community disaster resilience.