Relationship self-regulation (RSR) refers to the “work”, or effort and strategies, that partners put into keeping their relationships healthy. Past RSR research has not taken into account distal and proximal variables that may affect RSR, such as parental and current relationship avoidant conflict-resolution style (CRS). In this study, we examine the relationships between parental avoidant CRS and current relationship avoidant CRS, as well as self-report of RSR in the relationship. Additionally, the perception of one's partner's attachment behaviors consisting of responsiveness, engagement, and accessibility is included in the model to test for moderation of the relationship between current relationship avoidant conflict-resolution style and RSR. Using data from 2,228 males and 2,228 females who were in their first marriages and completed the RELATionship Evaluation (RELATE) (Busby et al., 2001), we found that there was a high positive correlation between parental avoidant CRS and current avoidant CRS. Avoidant CRS was also significantly negatively correlated with RSR. Finally, we found that perception of partner's attachment behaviors did not moderate the negative relationship between avoidant CRS and RSR. Implications for future research and clinicians are discussed.

Contrary to other industries, the fashion and textile sector is confronted with complex supply chain issues. The ultimate objective of the fashion and textile industry is to reduce costs while increasing consumer satisfaction and achieving long-term corporate success. For this, the supply chain evolved into a more agile form to take advantage of responsiveness with various strategies. The proximity manufacturing approach is one of them. Given this context, reshoring as a management technique to increase supply chain demand responsiveness (SCDR) has gained substantial attention in the fashion and apparel industries. considering that the purpose of this study is defined as to strategize the factors of reshoring and supply chain demand responsiveness (SCDR) in the apparel industry. This study reveals the factors of the apparel manufacturing supply chain. By attaining these factors a supply chain can achieve responsiveness attributes. It also accumulates data regarding positive factors that drive the reshoring of apparel manufacturing. Moreover, connections between these two factors have been established which illustrates the influence of reshoring on achieving demand responsiveness of the apparel supply chain.

Public administration research strongly supports the argument for administrator-citizen collaborations and shows that Web 2.0 social media tools have the potential to increase these collaborations. Some public managers have fully embraced the adoption of social media tools to their fullest collaborative potential while other managers have chosen to limit their full collaborative potential. This study examines four environmental influences to determine if they are the cause of the diverse levels of social media adoption among public administrators. A survey of 157 department managers from 261 large cities across the U.S. shows that 82% of the respondents are currently using some form of social media tools to engage citizens. The results show that perceived organizational influences and perceived administrator preconceptions of social media tools are having the greatest impact on the respondents' decision to adopt social media. Provided that response rate bias is not occurring in this study, there are two possible explanations for the results. One possible explanation is that Web 2.0 social media adoption may be following a similar path as the adoption of earlier forms of Web 1.0 e-government tools. The other possible explanation is that managers may be operating within a rational environment when deciding whether or not to adopt Web 2.0 social media tools.

This study investigated the relationship of parents' achievement-oriented and self- development goals (for their children) on youth reported anxiety, while taking parents' psychological control and responsiveness into account as possible mediating factors. More specifically, the purpose of this study was to further investigate the direct/indirect effects of (a) parents' reported achievement-oriented goals on youth anxiety via parental psychological control in two types of schools (key school for more academically advanced students and typical school for students with lower academic achievement); and (b) parents' reported self-development goals on youth anxiety via parental psychological control in key and typical schools. The current study also introduced parents' responsiveness as a new mediator and single-child family/ multiple- child family (family type/size) as a new moderator to investigate their effect on the overall model as related to youth anxiety. is study included 1,044 participants, reflecting 522 dyads (student and primary caregiver) from an urban city in Eastern Mainland China. Participating students were enrolled in the 11th grade in senior high school. Due to the high correlations of parents' achievement- oriented goals and parents' self-development goals (r = 0.975, p < 0.001), we combined and created one new variable--parents' achievement/self-development goals. Therefore, in the final multigroup SEM analyses we used this new variable in place of the previously hypothesized two goal-related variables. Additionally, rather than the initially proposed two types of schools, due to constricting limitations in the data, we were limited to making comparisons between single- child and multiple-child families. In our data analyses, no indirect effects were found among the identified variables. However, data analyses indicated a direct effect from parents' psychological control on youth anxiety in the key school regardless of family composition (single-child or multiple-child families), and in youth attending the typical school and from a single-child family. In general, the data analyses identified two major findings: (a) We found a positive relationship between parents' psychological control and youth anxiety for youth attending a typical school and living in a single-child family and for youth attending a key school, regardless of family type/size (single-child or multiple-child family); and (b) A marginally significant relationship (p = 0.053) was identified between parents' reported achievement/self-development goals and youth reported parent responsiveness. Some concerns were voiced among research team members about cultural sensitivity to one of the parents' survey questions. For example, one question referred to students being interested in and joining extracurricular activities. Students in China may or may not have had opportunities to participate in these types of activities. Data were reanalyzed after seven items were removed. In post hoc exploratory analyses, a new variable was defined and created, parents' reported achievement goals. Parents' reported achievement goals were found to be youth reported parents' psychological control only in (a) the typical school and single child family model and (b) the key school and multiple-child family model. Youth reported parents' psychological control is positively related to youth anxiety in all the models. Indirect paths were found from parents' achievement goals on youth anxiety via youth reported parents' psychological control were only found in (a) the multiple child model, (b) the multiple child and key school model, and (c) the single child and typical school model. We acknowledge that our data were collected in China during the COVID-19 global pandemic. During this pandemic, professionals note that youth, including youth in China, reported significantly higher levels of anxiety, making our current data more difficult to compare with pre-COVID-19 data collected in China. Future research should further explore the development of youth anxiety across time (longitudinal studies). To inform prevention and intervention efforts targeting youth anxiety, researchers must consider numerous variables that may directly or indirectly mitigate or exacerbate youth anxiety. Future research may consider and investigate the following variables: family composition; parenting styles and cultural factors that are embedded in parenting styles; parents' goals for and expectations of their children's academic achievement; family composition, including sibling relationships; and the type of school youth attend.

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The current study examines the relationship between shootings and police firearm arrests at a more detailed spatial and temporal level than has previous work. Using data from Philadelphia during the years 2004 to 2007 two dynamics are investigated: the relationship between a shooting and subsequent police firearm arrests nearby in space and time; and the relationship between a police firearm arrest and subsequent shootings nearby in space and time. In order to simultaneously consider spatial and temporal variation at a more micro-level, the current study uses a modified version of the Knox (1964) close pair method, a spatio-temporal clustering technique first used to study contagious diseases, and later used to analyze near-repeat patterns in the study of crime. The first question explored the relationship between a shooting and subsequent police firearm arrests. Results showed elevated patterns of firearm arrests were approximately two and a half times greater than would be expected levels of firearm arrests than if shootings and subsequent firearm arrests lacked a spatio-temporal association. Greater than expected elevated patterns persisted for up to about a fifth of a mile away and about one week but the strength of these associations waned. The observed patterns suggest an immediate and geographically targeted police response to a shooting and a somewhat sustained effort. Turning attention to the next question, an initial slightly elevated level of shootings followed a firearm arrest but for only a couple of days and about one block; shooting swiftly dropped below expected levels as one moves away in time and space. The waning and eventual significant drop in shootings may arise from ecological deterrence, but any suppression of shootings was short-lived. Overall, the current work highlights the close associations in space and time between police and offenders and suggests that police and offender activity is not simultaneous as the police response to a shooting immediately whereas potential offender's response to police actions is moderately delayed. Potential implications for theory and policy regarding both police behavior/police organizational responsiveness and ecological deterrence are discussed. / Criminal Justice