Two groups of eleven retarded adults each were used as subjects. An individually consequated token economy was in effect during baseline-1 for both groups. The treatment phase of the experiment consisted of group consequation, the first group receiving a high rate of reinforcement and the second group receiving a low rate. The individual token system was reinstated for both groups during baseline-2 measures. Attending behavior and work output were measured during each phase of the experiment. Significant differences were found between group versus individually contingent reinforcement treatments on attending behaviors, and between high and low contingency groups on performance behaviors. Differences between the high contingency and low contingency groups were found to be non-significant in regard to attending behaviors.

Provamos a existência de soluções periódicas de algumas equações diferenciais funcionais com retardamento sujeitas a condições de impulsos de auto-sustentação. Devido aos impulsos, soluções exibem descontinuidades de primeira espécie e isso força considerarmos espaços de fase mais gerais que C([-r,0],Rn). Mostramos que soluções periódicas podem emanar da origem através de bifurcações locais de Hopf. Também estabelecemos um teorema de existência de soluções periódicas lentamente espiralantes. Esse teorema é obtido combinando-se a condição de auto-sustentação com a ejetividade da origem em relação a um operador de retorno. / We prove the existence of periodic solutions of some retarded functional differential equations subjected to impulsive self-supporting conditions. Due to the impulses, solutions exhibit discontinuites of the first kind and this forces the consideration of more general phase spaces than C([-r,0],Rn). We show that periodic solutions can emanate from the origin through local Hopf bifurcations. We also state an existence theorem for slowly spiralling periodic solutions. This theorem is accomplished by a combination of the self-supporting condition with the ejectivity of the origin with respect to a return operator.

Este trabalho é dedicado à extensão do Método da Forma Normal para Equações Diferenciais Ordinárias às Equações Diferenciais Funcionais Retardadas. O método da forma normal para equações diferenciais funcionais retardadas nos dará o fluxo sobre uma variedade localmente invariante de dimensão finita através de uma equação diferencial ordinária. Como aplicação, calcularemos a forma normal para equação diferencial funcional retardada escalar com uma singularidade do tipo Bogdanov-Takens. Analisaremos também a forma normal para equações diferenciais funcionais retardadas com parâmetro. Finalizaremos este trabalho com o cálculo da forma normal de um sistema planar com singularidade do tipo Bogdanov-Takens. / In this work, we compute the normal forms associated with the flow on a finite dimensional invariant, manifold tangent to an invariant space for the infinitesimal generator of the linearized equation at the singularity. As an application, the Bogdanov-Takens singularity is considered.

Sandstone acidizing using mud acid is a quick and complex process where dissolution and precipitation occur simultaneously. Retarded mud acids are less reactive with the rock reducing the reaction rate hence increased penetration into the formation to remove deep damage. To understand thoroughly the retarded mud acid system, an in-depth investigation of the reaction of HF (hydrofluoric) and H2SiF6 (fluorosilic acid) with alumino silicates and the retarded system is undertaken using coreflood analysis and mineralogy analysis using the inductively coupled plasma. Coreflood analysis is used to understand and investigate the permeability changes in the sandstone rock as the retarded mud acid is injected at different conditions and the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is used to investigate the effluent samples from the coreflood analysis to properly understand this system. Several issues that have not been addressed previously in literature are identified and discussed, including an optimum flowrate when sandstone is acidized, by acidizing the sandstone rock with a retarded acid system at various flowrates and determining the initial and final permeabilities. Also investigated is the retarded acids compatibility with ferric iron and a comparison of the retarded acid system to regular acid to consequently enable a thorough understanding of the retarded mud acid system using aluminum chloride (AlRMHF). Based on the work done, it is found that the absence of a hydrochloric (HCl) preflush is very detrimental to the sandstone core as calcium fluoride is precipitated and the retarded acid system is found to be compatible with iron(III) as an impurity. The regular acid (RMHF) dissolves considerably more silicon and produces more fines than the AlRMHF. 1cc/min is found to be the optimum flowrate when a sandstone core is acidized with AlRMHF. At this low flowrate, less silicon is dissolved, more aluminum is seen in the effluent and more calcium is dissolved. The retarded aluminum acid system considerably reduces the rate of reaction as evidenced in the dissolution reaction when compared to a regular mud acid system. This reduced rate of reaction implies deeper acid penetration and ultimately deeper damage removal.

Darbo tikslas: nustatyti, kokį poveikį daro taikomosios fizinės veiklos programa, nežymiai protiškai atsilikusių mokinių laikysenai. Tyrimo objektas ir metodai. Tyrime dalyvavo 45 Telšių ir Kauno miesto mokyklų 8 – 10 metų nežymiai protiškai atsilikę mokiniai, iš jų: 21 mergaitė ir 24 berniukai. Tyrime laikysena vertinta pagal W.W.K. Hoeger vizualinio laikysenos vertinimo sagitalioje ir frontalioje plokštumose metodiką. Pagal šią metodiką laikysena vertinama balais. Atskirų kūno dalių padėtys apžiūrimos frontalioje ir sagitalioje plokštumose. Atskiros kūno dalys vertinamos balais nuo 1 – 5 ir rezultatai sumuojami bei įvertinami pagal minėtą metodiką. Rezultatai. Nagrinėjant atliktų tyrimų duomenis nustatyta, kad net 61.9% tiriamųjų turėjo laikysenos sutrikimų. Kūno laikysenos sutrikimai dažnesni berniukams. Daugiausia laikysenos sutrikimų nustatyta vertinant pečių, stuburo, kaklo ir viršutinės stuburo dalies padėtis. Mažiausiai sutrikimų nustatyta vertinant kelių ir čiurnų, galvos padėtis. Berniukams mažiausiai nustatyta kelių ir čiurnų padėties sutrikimų (20.8%), mergaitėms liemens padėties sutrikimų (9.5%). Daugiausia sutrikimų nustatyta įvertinus pečių padėtį. Mergaitėms pečių padėties sutrikimų buvo 80.9%, o berniukams – 70.8%. Po taikomosios fizinės veiklos programos, nustatyta teigiami laikysenos pokyčiai: prieš taikomosios fizinės veiklos programą, laikysenos sutrikimų turėjo 33.3% berniukų ir 28.6% mergaičių, po taikomosios fizinės veiklos programos laikysenos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Objective. To identify determine the impact of physical activity tests on the posture of pupils with mild mental retardation. Methods. 45 pupils between the ages of 8 - 10 (21 girls and 24 boys) from Telšiai and Kaunas secondary schools have been examined using W.W.K. Hoeger visual posture evaluation model in a frontal and sagittal plane. Testing was assessed according to a measuring scale from 1 to 5. Results. It was determined that even 61.9 % of participants had disorders in body posture and its segments: shoulder, spinal cord, neck and upper spinal cord positions. The disorders of posture were more frequent among boys. Least problematic body parts were knees, ankles and head. Among boys the best body segments proved to be knees and ankles, whilst among girls the investigators indicated the position of waist. Shoulder problems were more common in girls’ group (80.9%), in boys’ group these disorders were less significant (70.8%). The applied methods of adapted physical activity had a positive impact on the students’ posture. The study showed good results in students’ posture. Before adapted physical activity program posture impairment was determined to 33.3% of boys and 28.6% of girls. After the program the improvement was determined 20.8% and 19.1% accordingly. The maximum effect of adapted physical activity on the posture was noted after the evaluation of shoulder, lower part of spinal cord and abdomen in boys’ group, as well as neck and upper spinal cord positions in... [to full text]

Studies of Individual traits perceived as necessary to achieve managerial effectiveness, while multitudinous in the world of commerce, have yet to be undertaken as they apply to managers in residential facilities serving mentally retarded individuals. The problem of this study was to identify a group of individual traits perceived as characteristic of effective managers in residential facilities for the mentally retarded. Projectively, the identified traits could constitute valid criterion for consideration in the selection process utilized in employing managers for both public and private facilities. The primary purpose of this study was to develop an instrument which would enable the interviewer to secure information regarding specific individual traits. An informed predictive decision regarding the effective management potential, of the individual, for a residential facility for mentally retarded individuals would be greatly enhanced. The secondary purpose of the study was to focus on a comparison between group responses for each of the 25 trait items. The study will identify significant differences and relationships between the responses of State Directors of Mental Retardation Programs, Assistants to Texas Deputy Commissioner for Mental Retardation, Superintendents of Texas State Schools for the Mentally Retarded and a select group of managerial personnel within Texas State Schools for the Mentally Retarded. Comparison of response profiles contribute to an index of preferential traits for each of the managerial groups by contrasting patterns of preferences between all managerial groups and delineating traits which were common in preference among all groups. The tertiary purpose of the study was to identify patterns of personal traits which should constitute valid criterion for consideration in the selection process utilized in employing managers for both public and private facilities. Specific attention was given to the managerial trait preferences of each group of managers included in the study.

Provamos a existência de soluções periódicas de algumas equações diferenciais funcionais com retardamento sujeitas a condições de impulsos de auto-sustentação. Devido aos impulsos, soluções exibem descontinuidades de primeira espécie e isso força considerarmos espaços de fase mais gerais que C([-r,0],Rn). Mostramos que soluções periódicas podem emanar da origem através de bifurcações locais de Hopf. Também estabelecemos um teorema de existência de soluções periódicas lentamente espiralantes. Esse teorema é obtido combinando-se a condição de auto-sustentação com a ejetividade da origem em relação a um operador de retorno. / We prove the existence of periodic solutions of some retarded functional differential equations subjected to impulsive self-supporting conditions. Due to the impulses, solutions exhibit discontinuites of the first kind and this forces the consideration of more general phase spaces than C([-r,0],Rn). We show that periodic solutions can emanate from the origin through local Hopf bifurcations. We also state an existence theorem for slowly spiralling periodic solutions. This theorem is accomplished by a combination of the self-supporting condition with the ejectivity of the origin with respect to a return operator.

Este trabalho é dedicado à extensão do Método da Forma Normal para Equações Diferenciais Ordinárias às Equações Diferenciais Funcionais Retardadas. O método da forma normal para equações diferenciais funcionais retardadas nos dará o fluxo sobre uma variedade localmente invariante de dimensão finita através de uma equação diferencial ordinária. Como aplicação, calcularemos a forma normal para equação diferencial funcional retardada escalar com uma singularidade do tipo Bogdanov-Takens. Analisaremos também a forma normal para equações diferenciais funcionais retardadas com parâmetro. Finalizaremos este trabalho com o cálculo da forma normal de um sistema planar com singularidade do tipo Bogdanov-Takens. / In this work, we compute the normal forms associated with the flow on a finite dimensional invariant, manifold tangent to an invariant space for the infinitesimal generator of the linearized equation at the singularity. As an application, the Bogdanov-Takens singularity is considered.

La dengue est une infection virale qui touche de 100 à 400 millions d'individus chaque année. Selon l'OMS, « la dengue sévère est l’une des principales maladies graves et causes de décès dans certains pays d’Asie et d’Amérique latine ». Il est justifiable de modéliser la propagation de cette maladie dans une population à l'aide de modèles mathématiques compartimentaux. Les travaux de Forshey et al. sur la fièvre dengue semblent indiquer la possibilité qu'une infection à la dengue ne donne pas une immunité à long terme contre les différents sérotypes du virus, et qu'une réinfection homotypique à la dengue serait commune. Nous étudions un modèle SIRS de la dengue qui prend en compte cette perte d'immunité via un système d'équations différentielles à délai. Nous caractérisons les états stationnaires et leur stabilité en termes des différents paramètres considérés, notamment les taux de reproduction de base associés à chacun des sérotypes de la dengue. Nous étudions les bifurcations du système en ses principaux paramètres, notamment les bifurcations de Hopf émergeant de la présence d'un délai dans le système d'équations différentielles. Des simulations numériques du modèle sont présentées afin de représenter les différents régimes du modèle à l'étude. / Dengue is a viral infection affecting from 100 to 400 million people each year. According to the WHO, "severe dengue is a leading cause of serious illness and death in some Asian and Latin American countries". This justifies the modelling of this illness's propagation in a population using mathematical compartmental models. Results of Forshey et al. on dengue fever seem to indicate the possibility that a dengue infection does not yield a long term immunity against the different dengue serotypes, and that an homotypical reinfection could be common. We study a SIRS model for the dengue virus that takes into account this loss of immunity via a system of delay differential equations. We characterize the stationary states and their stability in terms of the different parameters considered, in particular the basic reproduction ratios associated to each dengue serotype. We study the system's bifurcations in its main parameters, especially the Hopf bifurcations arising from the presence of a delay in the system of differential equations. Numerical simulations of the model are presented to represent the model's different regimes.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第20156号 / 理博第4241号 / 新制||理||1610(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科数学・数理解析専攻 / (主査)教授 國府 寛司, 教授 上田 哲生, 教授 堤 誉志雄 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM