Cette thèse se propose de rendre compte de l’articulation qui est opérée dans l’œuvre de Theodor W. Adorno entre critique de l’idéalisme et critique de la société. Ceci en confrontant deux figures que nous considérons comme centrales pour son dispositif : celle de principe d’identité et celle de société d’échange. Car il s’agit pour Adorno de déterminer la manière dont la logique de le pensée identifiante peut rencontrer celle de l’abstraction marchande : une même tendance à la mutilation de l’hétérogène y serait repérable. La question étant ici celle d’analyser comment ces deux modalités peuvent se médiatiser, de comprendre comment une philosophie orientée en direction du primat de la non-identité peut aussi dans le même temps se déployer comme théorie critique. En d’autres termes, saisir une contrainte objective dans et par le concept implique chez Adorno de rendre compte de l’imbrication entre idéalisme et domination sociale : de la critique de la logique conceptuelle identificatoire à celle de l’immanence du monde devenu système, en passant par celle de la subjectivité constituante ou des formes d’abstraction sociales fétichistes et réifiées. Tout l’enjeu de notre travail sera de ce fait de reconstruire les principales modalités d’une telle problématique, nous concentrant sur la discussion par Adorno des thèses d’Alfred Sohn-Rethel dans un premier temps, pour ensuite étudier selon deux grands moments le statut du principe d’échange et sa liaison avec la rationalité identificatoire ‒ celui de la Dialectique de la Raison (1944-47) et celui de la Dialectique négative (1966). / The aim of this dissertation is to account for the articulation between the critique of idealism and the critique of society operated in Theodor W. Adorno’s work. In order to do so, I compare two figures which I consider central in his conceptual apparatus : the identity principle and the exchange society. For Adorno’s goal is to determine the way the logic of identificatory thought meets the logic of commodity abstraction, where a same tendency towards the mutilation of the heterogeneous is at work. The question is thus to analyse how these two modalities can mediate each other and to understand how a philosophy which is guided by the primacy of non-identity can, at the same time, deploy itself as a critical theory. In other words, to grasp conceptually an objective constraint means for Adorno to account for the interweaving of idealism and social domination : from the critique of the indentificatory conceptual logic to the critique of the immancence of a now system-like world, through the critique of constitutive subjectivity and of forms of social, fetishistic and reified abstractions. The aim of this study is to reconstruct the main modalities of this problematic, focusing on Adorno’s dicussion of Alfred Sohn-Rethel first, and then on the status of the exchange principle and its connection witch identificatory rationality in Dialectic of Enlightenment (19944-47) and in Negative Dialectic (1966).

Thesis--Freie Universität Berlin. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 316-321).

L’espace ardennais constitue un territoire féodal qui se forme au Xe siècle sur les terres du diocèse de Reims. La dévolution d’honneurs et de terres est issu de la volonté de plusieurs archevêques successifs désireux de maintenir l’autorité de leur Église sur leur diocèse tout en favorisant leurs familles respectives. Trois lignages bénéficièrent ainsi de la politique archiépiscopale : les comtes d’Omont, les comtes de Verdun qui formèrent la première phase de notre espace d’étude et enfin les comtes de Champagne qui, les derniers, dominèrent l’espace ardennais avant que ce dernier ne tombe dans les mains des rois de France, perdant par là même ses spécificités ce qui mena à sa disparition. Cet espace féodal constitue un exemple intéressant de territoire en position de marche entre France et Empire puis de marge entre les domaines de grands nobles tels que les comtes de Bar ou de Champagne. Cette situation construisit la féodalité ardennaise : unie par des liens familiaux, protéiforme, transfrontalière et capable de chercher loin de ses domaines les occasions d’alliances au point de briller jusqu’en Terre Sainte. / The area of the Ardennes represents a feudal territory which originates from the lands of the diocese of Reims in the 10th century. The devolution of honors and lands derives from the will of several consecutive archbishops eager to maintain the authority of their Church onto their diocese, while priviledging their own families. That’s how three lineages took advantage of the archiepiscopal policy including the Counts of Omont, the Counts of Verdun who were at the origins or the first stage of our study area and finally the Counts of Champagne who were the last ones to control the area of the Ardennes before the latter fell into the hands of the Kings of France. This not only made it lose its specificies but also led to its disappearance. This feudal area constitutes an interesting example of territory from a march position between France and the Holy Roman Empire to a margin position among the nobles estates such as the Counts of Bar or of Champagne. This situation built up the feudalism of the Ardennes which strengthened family ties, evolved continuously, went beyond the borders and had the ability to go beyond its estates in order to fin opportunities to make new alliances to the extent of shining as far as the Holy Land.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:33:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thiago Ferreira Lion.pdf: 1561226 bytes, checksum: eae75063f0ebc6e2b10efb486893e860 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-06 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / This research is dedicated to the work of the philosopher, historian and German economist Alfred Sohn-Rethel and the contributions that his theory has to offer for the analyses of law. The analysis of the commodity form made by Marx is the starting point for criticism of the theory of knowledge by the author which shows how humans can have a pure knowledge, separated from the empirical level, which Kant refers to when he says of the existence of a priori categories of knowledge. The emergence of conceptual thinking, of formal logic, is the main discussion of his work and base from which to take elements to the analysis of that social phenomenon which we call law. / Esta pesquisa é dedicada à obra do filósofo, historiador e economista alemão Alfred Sohn-Rethel e às contribuições que sua teoria tem a oferecer para a análise do direito. A análise da forma mercadoria efetuada por Marx é o ponto de partida para a crítica da teoria do conhecimento feita pelo autor, que revela como é possível os humanos terem um conhecimento puro , desvinculado do nível empírico, ao qual se refere Kant quando afirma a existência de categorias a priori do conhecimento. O surgimento do pensamento conceitual, da lógica formal, é o debate principal de sua obra e base a partir da qual se retira elementos para a análise daquele fenômeno social ao qual chamamos de direito.