This thesis is an examination of the influence and impact of the ‘Troubles’ in Northern Ireland, post 1968, on the practice of Irish history, on southern Irish broadcast media and on the southern Irish modernisation process. I will examine the uneasy and contested transition in systems of hegemony in a society where the state is not coterminous with perceptions of nationhood, where society is anxiously suspended between conservation of its existence and popular nationalist aspirations, where southern economic dependency interacted uneasily with northern political instability and sectarianism. The thesis examines the ‘Ulsterisation’ of the War of Independence by some historians and its aftermath as an ideological project. It pays particular attention, using the case-study method, to the imposition of a sectarian character on republican forces during the war of independence by the highly influential Newfoundland historian Peter Hart, and will explain why this research is ideologically problematic within Irish historiography. I will link this to (in a second case-study) the project undertaken in the early 1970s by Irish government minister (also an academic historian and political scientist) Conor Cruise O’Brien to undermine and eradicate from popular awareness secular anti-imperialist aspects of Irish nationalist consciousness, primarily through, in case-study three, the imposition of broadcasting censorship and support for repression. I question O’Brien’s positing of a ‘Catholic nationalism’ as an overarching basis for Irish statehood by, in case-study four, an examination the largely unexplored socio-economic position of Protestants in southern Ireland and the forms of social control imposed on and within that community. The thesis examines how official reaction to the conflict combined repression and broadcasting censorship during the 1970s to revise popular perceptions of Irish history and Irish society. Control of understanding of the present was combined with attempts to take control of perceptions of the past, in order to circumscribe the parameters of what is feasible in the present, so as to preserve the socio-economic status quo. It specifically explores the impact of the post 1968 Northern Ireland conflict on: • The attempt by proponents of Irish revisionist historiography to portray Irish resistance to British rule as ‘Catholic nationalism’ and as a mirror image generally of Ulster unionist sectarianism; in the context of • The simultaneous transformational change of economic direction in the southern Irish economy and society, which imparted to this project increased impetus, opportunity and political scope.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The goal of this dissertation is to examine the claim of the penultimate aphorism of the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, according to which the propositions of the book elucidate if the reader understands the author and acknowledge that they do not make sense, because they are absurd. Thus, the work tries to put into relief some of the central issues of dispute between the interpretive trends, observing the problematic aspects of each line of interpretation, as well as the way in which his supporters articulate their ideas against the prospects of his opponents. To do so, we analyze the two interpretations of the aphorism 6:54. For the standard reading, Wittgenstein discusses issues that the work itself says are ineffable, but there is a substratum of truth which subsists claim of nonsensity. If the standard reading is correct, after the process elucidating the reader reaches a logically correct view of the world, and is in possession of some truths that only show up on the legitimate use of language. As for the revisionist reading, there is no hidden meaning in the work, but only and solely nonsense, do not say anything. The process of elucidating it is a philosophical exercisetherapy. If correct, the revisionist interpretation suggests that the goal of the work is a change in the mode of being of the reader in his relationship with nonsense. Accordingly, from the revisionist reading of Michael Kremer holds up nonsensity an acceptance of the work in line with a positive understanding for contrassensos book. The recognition of the tractarian nonsense as such is the purpose of the work, and this recognition has the ethical purpose. The purpose of the Tractatus is ethical philosophical attitude change front to ultimate foundations for either language, either for ethics. If Kremer is correct, it leads to an alternative nondestructive to the tractarian nonsense, showing that despite their nonsensity, the tractarian absurdities may be useful therapeutically. Thus, it is possible to reconcile tractarian nonsense with his elucidation process and understand how a book composed of absurdities can be useful philosophically. / O objetivo da presente dissertação é analisar a reivindicação do penúltimo aforismo do Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, segundo a qual as proposições do livro elucidam, caso o leitor entenda o seu autor e reconheça que elas não fazem sentido, pois são absurdas. Assim, o trabalho tenta colocar em relevo algumas das questões centrais da disputa entre as correntes interpretativas, observando os aspectos problemáticos de cada linha de interpretação, bem como o modo segundo o qual seus partidários articulam suas ideias contra as perspectivas de seus adversários. Para tanto, analisa-se as duas interpretações do aforismo 6.54. Para a leitura padrão, Wittgenstein aborda assuntos que a própria obra afirma serem inefáveis, mas há um substrato de verdades que subsiste a reivindicação de contrassensualidade. Se a leitura padrão é correta, ao cabo do processo elucidativo o leitor alcança uma perspectiva logicamente correta do mundo, e fica de posse de algumas verdades que somente se mostram no uso legítimo da linguagem. Já para a leitura revisionista, não há nenhum sentido oculto sob a obra, mas apenas e tão somente contrassensos, que não dizem nada. O processo de elucidação se constitui um exercício filosófico-terapêutico. Se correta, a interpretação revisionista propõe que o objetivo da obra é uma mudança no modo de ser do leitor em sua relação com contrassensos. Nesse sentido, a partir da leitura revisionista de Michael Kremer sustenta-se uma aceitação da contrassensualidade da obra em consonância com uma compreensão positiva para os contrassensos do livro. O reconhecimento dos absurdos tractarianos enquanto tais é o objetivo da obra, e esse reconhecimento tem finalidade ética. A finalidade ética do Tractatus é mudar atitude filosófica frente a fundamentações ultimas, quer para a linguagem, quer para ética. Se Kremer está correto, ele conduz a uma alternativa não autodestrutiva para os absurdos tractarianos, mostrando que não obstante sua contrassensualidade, os absurdos tractarianos podem ser terapeuticamente úteis. Dessa forma, é possível conciliar a contrassensualidade tractariana com seu processo de elucidação e entender como um livro composto de absurdos pode ser de utilidade filosófica.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:04:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoADL_DISSERT.pdf: 4344818 bytes, checksum: 02c4e30b5eebe8d4d2b3066182e040ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-18 / The development of this work arises from the research of sociological and philosophical characters contemplating also other approaches which aims to answer the followingquestions: what is the responsibility of science teaching for the image one has about science? ; which scientific education should be designed for nowadays? . After considering the assumptions brought along by rationalism and the criticisms to the illuminist model proposed by sociology and philosophy of science, as well by the biology of the knowing process, going through discussions concerning post-modernity issues, one is given to understand that the image of science has become the central point of discussion in the last hundred years, including what concerns the area of science teaching, and that practically none of those discussions really reached natural science classes indeed. We adopt the term postontological to characterize the recent proposals on philosophy and sociology, because we evaluate that this term allows a better identification of the scientific realism crisis, which supports the existence of an ontological domain which science, and only science, is able to understand. One notices that the general public is not aware of those discussions, mainly if they are science teachers and students. So we believe that discussing the logic in which science is structured, the new understandings concerning the scientific undertaking, especially those of an externalist character, and the relationship between science and society, all of this contributes to build up a science teaching which contemplates a reflective contribution, besides allowing the inclusion of the study of other epistemologies in the educational practice. We argue that a revisionist posture seems to be the most appropriate for the contemporary scientific education, contemplating, besides the teaching of the usual science contents, discussions on the issues involving that knowledge, as well as respecting epistemologies alternative to the modern Western scientific one, in order one can work on the perception of local knowledge generated from other epistemological bases. We describe here practical activities we did involving teachers (short-term courses) and high-school students in an inland school in the Rio Grande do Norte state, in Brazil, as a way to demonstrate the possibility of interventions which can take those conceptions, discussions and changes to the classroom / O desenrolar deste trabalho surge da pesquisa de car?ter sociol?gico e filos?fico contemplando tamb?m outros enfoques que visa responder as seguintes indaga??es: Qual a responsabilidade do ensino de ci?ncias para a imagem que se tem de ci?ncia? ; Qual educa??o cient?fica deveria estar sendo desenhada para os dias de hoje? . Ap?s tratar dos pressupostos trazidos pelo racionalismo e as cr?ticas ao modelo iluminista propostas tanto pela sociologia da ci?ncia e pela filosofia da ci?ncia, como tamb?m pela biologia do conhecer, passando por discuss?es acerca da p?s-modernidade, chega-se ao entendimento de que a imagem da ci?ncia tornou-se ponto central de discuss?o nos ?ltimos cem anos, inclusive no que concerne ? ?rea de ensino de ci?ncias, e que praticamente nada disso chegou ?s aulas de ci?ncias naturais de fato. Adotamos o termo p?s-ontol?gico para caracterizar as propostas recentes da filosofia e da sociologia, por considerarmos que este termo melhor identifica e explicita a crise sofrida pelo realismo cient?fico, que defende a exist?ncia de um dom?nio ontol?gico que a ci?ncia, e somente ela, permite compreender. Observa-se que tais discuss?es s?o desconhecidas do p?blico em geral, e, principalmente, de professores e alunos de ci?ncias. Nesse sentido, acreditamos que discutir a l?gica na qual se estrutura a ci?ncia, os novos entendimentos em rela??o ao fazer cient?fico, em particular os de cunho externalista, e a rela??o entre ci?ncia e sociedade contribui para a consolida??o de um ensino de ci?ncias que contemple um aporte mais reflexivo, al?m de possibilitar a inser??o do estudo de outras epistemologias na pr?tica educativa. Argumentamos que uma postura revisionista parece ser a mais adequada para a educa??o cient?fica contempor?nea, contemplando, al?m do ensino dos conte?dos habituais das ci?ncias, discuss?es sobre as quest?es que envolvem esses conhecimentos, assim como a valoriza??o de epistemologias alternativas ? cient?fica moderna ocidental, como forma de se trabalhar a percep??o de conhecimentos locais, gerados a partir de outras bases epistemol?gicas. Nesse sentido, s?o descritas atividades pr?ticas realizadas com professores, atrav?s de minicursos, e em sala de aula de turmas do Ensino M?dio de uma escola do interior do Rio Grande do Norte, como forma de demonstrar a possibilidade de interven??es que possam levar essas concep??es, discuss?es e mudan?as para a escola

This thesis investigates the portrayal of the Mariupol Theatre Airstrike withinthe Russo-Ukrainian War through a discourse analysis of news articles fromdiverse media outlets in Russia, Ukraine, France, Germany, the UK, and theUS. The study employs a qualitative comparative case study approach withinthe academic domain of targeting civilians in war. By applying the lenses oftraditionalist and revisionist perspectives within the theoretical framework ofJust War Theory, the research aims to understand how moral judgements aremanifested in the discourses presented by the media outlets reporting on theMariupol Theatre Airstrike. Notably, the findings reveal a dichotomy in media reporting: Russian mediaadopts a blend of traditionalist and revisionist positions, while Westernmedia also exhibits a blend of both positions, leaning more towards therevisionist perspective. By focusing on the specific case of the MariupolTheatre Airstrike, the study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis thatcontributes to the broader understanding of the complexities of media and theprovide a nuanced understanding on how moral judgments are being exhibited in the Russo-Ukrainian War.

No description available.

Thesis (MA (English))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis analyses six novels by different women writers, each of which rewrites an originally androcentric biblical story from a female perspective. These novels are The Red Tent by Anita Diamant, The Garden by Elsie Aidinoff, Leaving Eden by Ann Chamberlin, The Moon under her Feet by Clysta Kinstler, The Wild Girl by Michelle Roberts and Wisdom’s Daughter by India Edghill. By classifying these novels as feminist revisionist fiction, this study considers how they both subvert and revise the biblical narratives they are based on in order to offer readers new and gynocentric alternatives. With the intention of establishing the significance of such an endeavor, the study therefore employs the findings of feminist critique and theology to expose how the Bible, as a sexist text, has inspired, directly or indirectly, many of the patriarchal values that govern Western society and religion. Having established how biblical narratives have promoted and justified visions of women as marginal, subordinate and outside the realm of the sacred, we move on to explore how feminist rewritings of such narratives might function to challenge and transform androcentric ideology, patriarchal myth and phallocentric theology. The aim is to show that the new and different stories constructed within these revisionist novels re-conceptualise and re-imagine women, their place in society and their relation to the divine. Thus, as the title suggests, this thesis ultimately considers how women writers ‘steal’ the original biblical stories and transform them in ways that prove liberating for women. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis analiseer ses romans deur verskillende vroue skrywers - romans wat die oorspronklik androsentriese bybelse stories herskryf vanuit ’n vroulike perspektief. Die romans sluit in The Red Tent deur Anita Diamant, The Garden deur Elsie Aidinoff, Leaving Eden deur Ann Chamberlin, The Moon under her Feet deur Clysta Kinstler, The Wild Girl deur Michelle Roberts en Wisdom’s Daughter deur India Edghill. Deur hierdie romans te klassifiseer as feministiese revisionistiese fiksie, oorweeg hierdie studie hoe hulle die bybelse verhale waarop hulle gebaseer is, beide ondermyn en hersien om sodoende lesers nuwe en ginosentriese alternatiewe te bied. Met die voorneme om die betekenisvolheid van so ’n poging vas te stel, wend hierdie tesis dus die bevindings van feministiese kritiek en -teologie aan om bloot te lê hoe die Bybel, as ‘n seksistiese teks, baie van die patriargale waardes van die Westerse samelewing en godsdiens, direk of indirek, geïnspireer het. Nadat vasgestel is hoe bybelse verhale sienings van vroue as marginaal, ondergeskik en buite die sfeer van heiligheid bevorder en regverdig, beweeg die tesis aan om te ondersoek hoe feministiese herskrywings van sulke verhale, androsentriese ideologie, patriargale mite en fallosentriese teologie uitdaag en herskep. Die doelwit is om te wys dat die nuwe en anderste stories saamgestel in hierdie revisionistiese romans, vroue, hul plek in die samelewing en hul betrekking tot die goddelike, kan heroorweeg en herdink. Dus, soos die titel voorstel, oorweeg hierdie tesis primêr hoe vroue skrywers die oorspronklike bybelse stories ‘steel’ en herskep op maniere wat bevrydend vir vrouens blyk te wees.