Le tourisme est un secteur en plein accroissement. De nombreux pays le considèrent comme un vrai catalyseur de développement économique, un moyen de conserver leurs ressources naturelles et culturelles et de lutte contre la pauvreté. Le Maroc, en tant que pays en développement, accorde une attention particulière à ce secteur. Il s’agit d’une industrie importante qui fait promouvoir sa culture, son histoire et sa zone littorale. Grace à son statut géographique, et ses lieux touristiques fascinants, un grand nombre de touristes visitent le Maroc. Les français et les espagnols occupent la première place, puis les anglais et les allemands. En tant que destination touristique de loisirs populaire, la ville de Marrakech occupe une place importante grâce à son statut géographique. C’est une ville ou le nord et le sud se croisent et connait actuellement un vrai boom économique pouvant être attribué en large partie au développement du secteur de tourisme. La présente thèse a adopté une approche pragmatique pour analyser les données et a balancer différentes disciplines afin de fournir des explications appropriées. Notre approche pragmatique nous a permis d’étudier trois figures de discours importantes : la métaphore, l'allitération et les jeux de mots qui occupent une place très importante dans le langage publicitaire visant à projeter l’image de Marrakech comme destination touristique :a- Elles sont abondamment utilisées dans les annonces promotionnelles du Maroc et de Marrakech en toute évidence.b- Elles sont utilisées dans la langue formelle et informelle. Leur emploi reflète nos manières particulières de penser et de s’amuser vu qu’elles sont utilisées depuis des siècles.c- Elles nous présentent des informations spécifiques et positives à l’aide des publicités et aident les touristes, plus précisément, à traiter l'image et à construire une représentation intangible du produit touristique en se basant sur leur expérience concrète. / This research has also a contribution to the qualitative study in the domain of tourism and advertising. In order to get an exhaustive investigation in the process of interpreting advertising language, analyzing the content qualitatively with the integration of a linguistic approach is suggested. The qualitative study reinforces the tendency in tourism advertising since it necessitates careful studies about the topics of tourism and advertising. The objective of this research is not to make a comparison between different figurative devices employed in tourism advertising in the case of Marrakech, but rather to examine the connection between the explored rhetorical figures and discover how they contribute to forming the image of Marakech as one of the best destination the potential tourist may choose and how they make him understand the destination through advertising. These connections go around the context of metaphorical patterns and the wants of potential tourists. Analyzing the content underlines the features of the language used in tourism advertising. These features are extracted from the tendencies in tourism and changes that happen according to the wants and requirements of tourists throughout. Only a subjective interpretation is possible in the case of language in this research area. The unavoidable part of this kind of research is the researcher’s qualified opinion. The researcher generally guides the entire process; he is part of the study because the interpretations of the work are made according to the abilities and the beliefs of the researcher. However, this does not mean that the ideas and points expressed in this work are purely subjective. They rely on complete research that may be confirmed by other researchers in order to be considered as a reflection of general tendencies and wider facts about the practice of language in tourism advertising.

Magister Artium - MA / In these novels suspense plays an important role, but elements that are usually found in literary works are also prominent in these narratives, for instance the fleshing out of characters' psyche and working with philosophical or current issues. In rhetorical terms these novels can be said to be suspense novels that make use of literary devices and themes. Novels by Deon Meyer fit into this category. In the Netherlands translations of his works are to be found among 'literaire thrillers' in bookshops. Therefore one of Meyer's novels was chosen for analysis. In this study the ways in which suspense is created in a narrative text is investigated. Proteus, a literary thriller, was chosen for its handling of characters and events in the transition in South Africa from an apartheid state to a democratic dispensation. This poses an intricate challenge for the writer. The reseach problem posed is this: How is literary suspense created in a narrative text? The creation of suspense in a narrative text has to do with literary communication. For this reason Roman Jakobson's well-known model for literary communication is at the basis of this research. Rene Appel's criteria for the creation of suspense in narrative texts, as it is explained in his work Spanning in verhalen: Over het schrijven van spannende boeken (2007), is also part of this study at its theoretical base. Various relevant sources have been included in this regard. In this formalistic study various elements pertaining to suspense in the narrative are part of the research in terms of isolating the ways in which suspense is produced in a narrative text in general and specifically in the case of Proteus. Also in this regard the novel's literarity is discussed. / South Africa

The Swedish government states that increased relations and collaborations with China will promote democratization. Leaders working cross-border can beviewed as a major source for influence. This thesis will use a rhetorical framework when aiming to examine democratic potentials in Swedish leaders operating in a Chinese context. Here communication is viewed as a possible tool for democratic influence. Rhetoricians believes that for influence to occur, the establishment of ethos is crucial, therefore will the thesis also explore how the leaders maintain and establish ethos in their daily interactions. The material mainly consists of interviews and field work carried out with leaders located in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

Following the attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon, Afghan women suddenly gained high visibility all over the world. Since then, representations of Afghan women in the Western media and notably in the U.S. news media provide a critical concern to scholars. Much of the relevant literature on this topic speaks to the fact that the dominant portrayal of Afghan women in the Western media has shown them as passive victims of war and violence, to be liberated only by the Western military intervention. However, the question remains as to how the popular fictional narratives, as another vivid source of information, represent Afghan women to the Western readers. To address this question, A Thousand Splendid Suns, as a popular novel authored by Khalid Hosseini, an Afghan novelist, was selected. Bormannian fantasy theme analysis of this novel conveys the passivity of women in the context of Afghanistan. The findings reveal that the portrayals of Afghan women in the novel correspond with the images of Afghan women in the Western media. Moreover, an examination of a sample of book reviews of the novel unveils the important contribution of Khalid Hosseini to the Orientalist discourse.

The study has two major purposes: 1. To present a narrative account of the life and speaking career of Hon. Howard C. Green, particularly during those periods when he spoke on behalf of significant issues. 2. To analyze a select number of speeches delivered by Mr. Green in the Canadian House of Commons utilizing Cicero's "Five Canons of Rhetoric" as a unifying framework. All-over sources of information included personal interviews with Mr. Green and others, personal papers, relevant speeches, and finally, newspapers, magazines, manuscripts and historical text material. / Education, Faculty of / Graduate

This thesis describes investigations into the language of rejection used in the Gospel of Mark, employing the methodology of socio-rhetorical interpretation. After describing the history of interpretation of Jesus’ rejection in Chapter I, Chapter II examines how the internal structure of Mark shows the references that relate to the rejection theme and are repeated in sequence. Chapter III explores the conflict issues debated between Jesus and his opponents as the social and cultural texture, in which Mark was written. The three components, Authority, the Law, and Temple, are the main issues in the Gospel. Chapter IV deals with the data of intertexture, a significant influence for the Gospel. Mark borrows rejection language from the Old Testament and ancient Jewish literature as well. In Chapter V, the ideological texture analyzes Mark’s intent responding to his opponents. Mark uses rejection language to warn that those who refuse Jesus as the Son of God cannot avoid the final judgment.

It would be useful to obtain information about social and emotional characteristics in children who are receiving articulation/phonological intervention in order to assess the effectiveness of various treatment approaches from a social/emotional perspective. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not articulation and phonological intervention influences children's social and emotional characteristics as perceived by their parents and, if so, which articulation approach (traditional vs. phonological cycling) results in more improvement in different domains of social and emotional characteristics. The specific social and emotional characteristics explored in this study are social skills, communication, independence, self-esteem, and domestic responsibility as assessed by the Affective Behavior Scales for the Disabled-Modified (ABSD-Modified, Brannan, 1991). In this study, each of the subject's parents completed a rating scale of social and emotional characteristics of their child at the beginning of intervention and again after 20 weeks of intervention. The scores for the five social and emotional domains were compared for differences prior to and following intervention. Additionally, the amount of improvement for those social and emotional characteristics was compared between the two groups, one group receiving traditional articulation intervention and the other group receiving a phonological cycling approach. Data analysis revealed no statistically significant difference between pre- and post-intervention subscale scores for the traditional articulation intervention group and for the phonological cycling intervention group combined. The results also indicated no statistically significant difference in the amount of change in social and emotional characteristics between the two groups of subjects. However, the research data did show trends toward the statistically significant level of .05 in the social/emotional domains of self-esteem (p = .097) and communication (p = .091) for the phonological cycling group. Trends toward the statistically significant level in the two domains of self-esteem and communication suggest that articulation/phonological intervention may influence other areas in the individual's life. Therefore, further investigation of the research questions posed for this study is warranted.

Language is a major part of a child's early developmental growth. Research examining early language shows a wide variation in the rate of language acquisition and its pattern of development. These variations also exist when language development is delayed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of a relationship between gender and language delay by looking for significant differences in the language skills of 3-year-old boys and girls who were identified as late-talkers (LTs) at the age of 2. Data used for analysis in this study were retrieved from data collected earlier as part of the Portland Language Development Project (PLDP) and a concurring study of late-talking girls. Subjects for this study were drawn from these larger cohorts. The files of all prospective subjects were examined for an expressive vocabulary of less than 50 words at 20-34 months, and for participation in the follow-up evaluation at age 3. Final selection of subjects for this study included 23 boys and 16 girls. Scores from five previously administered assessment measures were compiled for analysis, including the Developmental Sentence Score (DSS), the Expressive OneWord Picture Vocabulary Test (EOWPVT), the Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation (GFTA), the Test of Auditory Comprehension of Language-Revised {TACL-R), and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised. These measures were administered as part of the PLOP and the study of late-talking girls. Mean scores for the boys and the girls were computed for each assessment measure. A two-tailed t-test was used to analyze the differences between these mean scores. The results revealed a significant difference, beyond the .05 level of confidence, between the boys' and girls' scores for the EOWPVT. Although no other significant differences were found, it was noted that the boys' scores were consistently higher than the girls' scores on all measures. It was also noted that, on 4 out of 5 assessment measures, a higher percentage of girls did not respond or could not complete the test due to inability to attend. The fifth measure, the PPVT-R, was completed by all subjects.

This thesis proposes a novel way to theorize genre, understand students' writing practices, and encourage more robust writing processes. I propose a method of categorizing texts according to temporal duration and use the resulting methodology as a lens to better understand student composing processes. I use temporal duration theory to analyze the composing processes of 53 BYU students over the course of two years. The results of my analysis suggest that a student's writing process correlates with the duration of a text's rhetorical influence. This is manifest in two ways: (1) as students write with a purpose of creating, promoting, or sharing an identity with the audience; and (2) as students write with the belief that the text will be useful to them at some future date. In both these circumstances, it isn't only that students have particular goals related to the audience and purpose—goals which drive process. Rather, it is also that students see how the influences and purposes of texts might endure, and their belief in duration motivates writers to engage in robust writing process activities. Genre temporal duration theory offers opportunities for future research about writing process, student engagement, and writing pedagogy.

Th purpose of this study is to discover to interpret the nature and the extent of the deviations of voice, articulation, and rhythm of those students who were enrolled as regular students in the Stockton Junior College during the school year ending in June of 1939. Such deviations presumably reflect the speech needs of these individuals. The interpretation of such discoveries should, in a concrete and graphic manner, show not only the speech needs of those individuals tested, but also the general tendencies of any similar group of students of Junior College level in this location. However, the specific task of this study is to discover the facts, not to make recommendations concerning policy.