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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
361

Desenvolvimento e valida??o de metodologia na detec??o e quantifica??o de Ocratoxina A no caf? verde e torrado utilizando a t?cnica cromatografia l?quida acoplada a espectrometria de massas aplicando os conceitos da metrologia qu?mica / Development and Validation Approach for Detection and Quantification of Ochratoxin A in Green Coffee and Roasted using Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry applying the concepts of Chemical Metrology.

Bandeira, Raquel Duarte da Costa Cunha 24 September 2010 (has links)
Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-08-20T12:37:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Raquel Duarte da Costa Cunha Bandeira.pdf: 1478855 bytes, checksum: f7637b4df6dd802e4e0003f4fb48d8cd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T12:37:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Raquel Duarte da Costa Cunha Bandeira.pdf: 1478855 bytes, checksum: f7637b4df6dd802e4e0003f4fb48d8cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-24 / Coffee is an extremely complex food matrix and has an important role in the world?s economy, especially in producing and exporting countries like Brazil. However this product may suffer from technical barriers imposed for exportation because of the possible presence of ochratoxin A, which is nefrotoxic and carcinogenic mycotoxin found in many foods including coffee. The aim of this study was to implement chemical metrology concepts in the development and validation of Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry in tandem (CLAE-EM/EM) method for identification and quantification of ochratoxin A in green and roasted coffee estimating uncertainty of measurement according to directive 2002/657/EC and Inmetro guidelines (DOC-CGCRE-2010). The extraction method was based on Pittet (1998) and chromatographic parameters were: flow rate of 0.3 mL/min, mobile phase 80:20 water trifluoracetic acid 0.05 %: methanol trifluoracetic acid 0.05 %, injection volume of 50 PL, injection mode Full loop, isocratic mode. The column was Synergi Hydro C18. The mass spectrometry parameters were optimized and transitions selected based on the colision energies monitored were m/z 404 >358 (-10.5 V) and m/z 404 >239 (-20.5 V). From the validation procedure, methods were considered seletive. The evaluation and verification of matrix effect was performed by comparing variances and averages using F and t test. Value of Fcalculated for green coffee (25.2152) and roasted coffee (104.0353), were higher than Ftable (4.0426). Value of t calculated for green (5.0214) and roasted coffee (10.1997) were higher than ttable (2.0106). Both methods were considered linear in the working range of calibration curve with linear correlation coefficients (r) of 0.98188 and 0.91754 for green and roasted coffee, respectively.The quantification and detection limits were 1.2 Pg/kg and 3.0 Pg/kg; 0.36 Pg/kg and 1.0 Pg/kg, for green and roasted coffee respectively. The average recoveries, RSDr and RSDR were in range of 90.45 ? 108.81 %, 5.39 ? 9.94 % and 2.20 ? 14.34 % for green coffee and 89.02 ? 108.85 %, 2.43 ? 13.73 % and 12.57 ? 17.84 % for roasted coffee. All results obtained were considered within acceptable levels according to literature. Measurement value and expanded uncertainties (U) for ochratoxin A were mass fraction w = (11.50 ? 1.11) and w = (4.63 ? 0.63) for green coffee and roasted coffee. Both methods developed and validated using a high sensitivity technique, that allowed detection, confirmation and quantification of ochratoxin A in green and roasted coffee with a estimated uncertainty of measurement, and in the future these methods can be used to help overcome possible technical barriers imposed for exportation of Brazilian coffee. / O caf? constitui uma matriz extremamente complexa e tem importante papel na economia mundial, especialmente nos pa?ses produtores e exportadores como o Brasil. No entanto tem sido alvo de barreiras t?cnicas devido a uma subst?ncia denominada ocratoxina A, micotoxina potencialmente nefrot?xica e nefrocarcinog?nica encontrada em muitos alimentos inclusive o caf?. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo implantar os conceitos da metrologia qu?mica no desenvolvimento, e valida??o do m?todo para identifica??o e quantifica??o de ocratoxina A no caf? verde e caf? torrado estimando a incerteza da medi??o e utilizando a t?cnica de Cromatografia L?quida acoplada a Espectrometria de Massas em s?rie (CLAE-EM/EM) seguindo os crit?rios da diretiva EC-657/2002 e o documento orientativo do Inmetro (DOCCGCRE- 2010). A metodologia de extra??o baseou-se em Pittet (1998) e os par?metros cromatogr?ficos foram: fluxo de 0,3 mL/min, fase m?vel 80:20 ?gua ?cido trifluoroac?tico 0,05%: metanol ?cido trifluoroac?tico 0,05 %, volume de inje??o de 50 PL, com o modo de inje??o Full loop e sistema de elui??o isocr?tico. A coluna utilizada foi Synergi Hydro C18. As condi??es do espectr?metro de massas foram otimizadas e a transi??o selecionada de acordo com suas energias de colis?o foram m/z 404 >358 (-10,5 V) e m/z 404 >239 (-20,5 V). A partir da valida??o os m?todos propostos foram considerados seletivos, a avalia??o e comprova??o do efeito matriz foi realizada atrav?s da compara??o das vari?ncias e das m?dias atrav?s do teste F e teste t. O Fcalculado para o m?todo caf? verde (25,2152) e caf? torrado (104,0353), apresentaram valores maiores que o Ftabelado (4,0426). O tcalculado para o caf? verde (5,0214) e torrado (10,1997) apresentaram valores superiores ao ttabelado (2,0106). Os m?todos foram considerados lineares em toda a faixa de trabalho da curva de calibra??o com os coeficientes de determina??o linear (r) de 0,98188 e 0,91754 para matriz caf? verde e caf? torrado, respectivamente. O limite de quantifica??o e detec??o para os m?todos propostos foram de 1,2 Pg/kg e 3,0 Pg/kg para caf? verde e 0,36 Pg/kg e 1,0 Pg/kg para caf? torrado. Os valores das recupera??es m?dias, DPRr e DPRR variaram na faixa de 90,45 - 108,81 %, 5,39 - 9,94 % e 2,20 - 14,34 % para caf? verde; e de 89,02 - 108,85 %, de 2,43 - 13,73 % e 12,57 - 17,84 %, para caf? torrado. Todos os resultados obtidos encontram-se dentro dos limites comumente aceit?veis na literatura. Todos os resultados de medi??o e as incertezas expandidas (U) para ocratoxina A foram as fra??es m?ssicas W = (11,50 ? 1,11) Pg/kg e W = (4,63 ? 0,63) Pg/kg para caf? verde e caf? torrado, respectivamente. Os m?todos desenvolvidos e validados utilizaram t?cnica de elevada sensibilidade, permitindo a detec??o, confirma??o e a quantifica??o de ocratoxina A no caf? verde e caf? torrado com c?lculo da incerteza, podendo auxiliar futuramente na supera??o das barreiras t?cnicas para exporta??o do caf? brasileiro.
362

De professor para professor: a pr?tica da educa??o ambiental na sala de aula / From teacher to Teacher: The practice of environmental education in the classroom

Bezerra, Silvia Helena Loli 03 September 2010 (has links)
Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-08-21T14:27:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Silvia Helena Loli Bezerra.pdf: 2012785 bytes, checksum: 8d34e1d0af956dbaa779688bd738d14d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T14:27:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Silvia Helena Loli Bezerra.pdf: 2012785 bytes, checksum: 8d34e1d0af956dbaa779688bd738d14d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-03 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil. / The purpose of this research was to investigate the contribution of environmental education practices (EE), on the educational project of the Technical College of Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (CTUR). Initially, an exploratory study was done with students of the Organic Farming high school and some school staff, using short videos, visits to the College's campus to observe the school?s garbage, and a guided tour on the city's garbage deposit as elements of motivation. After these activities, a survey was done of the participants? environmental awareness, through free demonstrations via reports about what was seen and discussed in these activities, followed by a brainstorming with presentation of possible solutions to the school problems. Further, a semistructurade questionnaire was applied with open questions, in which the interviewee had freedom to write about the proposed issue, and pre-formulated closed questions, whereby highlighted the best answers which represented their opinion. 65 students and members of staff filled questionnaire up. The questionnaires were analyzed statistically by dispersion and by the results, it was noted that the arguments of the interviewers were typically Cartesian. This reductive vision limits their ability to see the problem in a systemic way, because they are arguments that show a mechanistic design of the universe, whose laws, according to this conception, could be in theory, objectively learned through scientific procedures. These structures of thought are not exclusive of interviewees, particularly among students. They were certainly consolidated in family conviviality, neighborhood relationship and in other groups of relationship, including the school. Within this perspective, it is understood that EE has the purpose to disarm these structures of thought that perceive the relationship man/nature within a binary mechanics in formal logic and rationalist. This research used a special population that can be considered as been representative of the student elite of the country. So, they are not generalized conclusions about the set of the Brazilian population. If this premise is true, this finding is that the situation is worrying since the vast majority of Brazilians surely has an instructional level lower than the interviewees in this research, supporting the argument that the results obtained are representative and mirror the Brazilian reality, what sustain the urgency of to implement EE in the school?s curriculum across the country. The analysis of the results obtained in this research allowed an interpretation and a more precise and detailed diagnosis of the EE framework in its most varied aspects under CTUR. As a result, could be identified misconceptions and faults, resulted primarily from a shallow approach of the EE at the institution. Was given a set of epistemological suggestions, to assist to the institution's Pedagogical Political Project and to the effective implementation of EE, understanding that the teacher's target is not only complement this suggestion, but also find answers to the questions that issue evokes and thus, propose alternative ways of thinking and acting. / O trabalho teve por objetivo investigar a contribui??o de pr?ticas de Educa??o Ambiental (EA), no projeto pedag?gico do Col?gio T?cnico da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (CTUR). Inicialmente, foi feito um estudo explorat?rio com os alunos do terceiro ano do Ensino M?dio em Agropecu?ria Org?nica e uma parte dos funcion?rios da escola, utilizando-se, como elementos de motiva??o, v?deos de curta dura??o, visita pelas instala??es do col?gio para observa??o de um problema ambiental espec?fico - o lixo comum, e visita guiada ao dep?sito de lixo da cidade de Serop?dica. Ap?s essas atividades, foi feito um levantamento da percep??o ambiental dos participantes, mediante manifesta??es livres por meio da elabora??o de relat?rios do que foi visto e discutido nas atividades, seguido de uma exposi??o de id?ias, com apresenta??o de solu??es poss?veis para o problema do lixo escolar. ? continua??o, foi aplicado um question?rio semiestruturado com quest?es abertas, nas quais o entrevistado manifestou-se livremente por escrito sobre o tema proposto, e com quest?es fechadas pr?-formuladas, mediante as quais assinalava respostas que melhor representavam sua opini?o. Responderam ao question?rio 65 entrevistados, entre estudantes e funcion?rios. Os question?rios foram analisados estatisticamente por dispers?o e pelos resultados, observou-se que os argumentos dos entrevis tados foram tipicamente cartesianos. Essa vis?o reducionista limita a capacidade de enxergar o problema de uma forma sist?mica, pois s?o argumentos que apresentam uma concep??o mecanicista do universo, cujas leis, de acordo com essa concep??o, poderiam em tese, ser aprendidas objetivamente mediante procedimentos cient?ficos. Essas estruturas de pensamento n?o s?o exclusivas dos entrevistados, sobretudo dos estudantes. Elas foram certamente consolidadas no conv?vio familiar, nas rela??es de vizinhan?a e nos demais grupos de relacionamento, inclusive na escola. Dentro desta perspectiva, entende-se que ? EA cabe a tarefa de desarmar essas estruturas de pensamento que percebem a rela??o homem/natureza dentro de uma mec?nica bin?ria na l?gica formal e racionalista. Esta pesquisa serviu-se de uma popula??o especial que pode ser considerada representativa da elite discente do pa?s. Portanto, n?o se tratam de conclus?es generalizadas sobre o conjunto da popula??o brasileira. Se essa premissa ? verdadeira, a constata??o ? de que a situa??o ? preocupante, pois a grande maioria dos brasileiros seguramente encontra-se em condi??es instrucionais menos privilegiadas do que os participantes dessa pesquisa, sustentando o argumento de que os resultados obtidos s?o representativos e espelham a realidade brasileira, o que subsidiaria a prem?ncia na implementa??o da EA no curr?culo das escolas de todo o pa?s. A an?lise dos resultados obtidos na pesquisa permitiu uma interpreta??o e um diagn?stico mais preciso e pormenorizado do quadro da EA nos seus mais variados aspectos no ?mbito do CTUR. Como resultado, puderam-se identificar equ?vocos e falhas, decorrente principalmente de uma abordagem superficial da EA na institui??o. Foi dado um conjunto de sugest?es, de car?ter epistemol?gico, para auxiliar no Projeto Pol?tico Pedag?gico da institui??o e na implementa??o efetiva da EA, entendendo que a tarefa do professor ?, n?o s? complementar essa sugest?o, como tamb?m encontrar respostas ?s provoca??es que o tema evoca e, assim, propor formas alternativas de pensamento e de atua??o.
363

Avalia??o da toler?ncia ao alum?nio em pl?ntulas de maracujazeiro e mamoeiro. / Evaluation of aluminum tolerance in seedlings of Passion fruit and Carica papaya.

Silva, Aldir Carlos 06 March 2009 (has links)
Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2018-08-30T16:36:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Aldir Carlos Silva.pdf: 1230710 bytes, checksum: 56dbab398ff37045b73bd259ab1a15ac (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-30T16:36:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Aldir Carlos Silva.pdf: 1230710 bytes, checksum: 56dbab398ff37045b73bd259ab1a15ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-06 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Aluminum tolerance studies in seedlings of Passion fruit (cvs. IAC-273/277, IACPaulista, IAC-275, FB-100) and Carica papaya (cvs.Taiung, Golden, Gran Golden, Baixinho de Santa Amalia) were performed in a growth chamber at the Laboratories of Chemistry of the Rhizosphere and Seeds of the Department of Fitotecnia, of University Federal Rural of Rio Janeiro, Institute of Agronomy. Experiments with different concentrations of Al were conducted in nutrient solution simple (with Ca) and complete, with the aims to analyze the tap root length, ratio of root lengths, relative root elongation, diameter of root and stem and effect of stains. Also were conducted experiments with seeds soaked in different concentration of Al to verify the percentage of germination, seedlings normal and abnormal. The use of simple nutrient solution was not satisfactory to shown the performance of seedlings of papaya. In passion fruit both nutrient solutions can be used in short term experiment. Over the concentration of 160?M of Al occurred effect of toxicity in root of seedlings of passion fruit and papaya, but at concentrations lower that 80?M there were stimulus of growth. The tap root length was the more efficient parameter to compare root toxicity. The soaking of seeds in the solution of aluminum did not affect the germination, root tap emission and the growth of seedlings until 1280?M. With the increased of time of contact with the Al solution, the young roots have been injured especially in papaya seedlings. The use of stains pyrocatechol violet and hematoxylin were both efficient to determinate the aluminum tolerance in papaya and passion fruit, but just pyrocatechol violet could compare the doses used, produced a color gradient with increasing concentration of aluminum. With the use of hematoxylin was only possible to separate the high concentrations of low concentrations of aluminum. The best passion fruit cultivar was IAC 273/277and papaya was Tainung / Os estudos da toler?ncia ao alum?nio em pl?ntulas de maracuj? (cvs. IAC-273/277, IACPaulista, IAC-275, FB-100) e mam?o (cvs.Tainug, Golden, Gran Golden, Baixinho de Santa Am?lia) foram realizados, em c?mara de crescimento nos Laborat?rios de Qu?mica da Rizosfera e Laborat?rio de Analise de Sementes, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Instituto de Agronomia da Universidade Federal Rural Rio de Janeiro. Foram realizados experimentos com diferentes concentra??es de alum?nio em solu??o nutritiva simples (com c?lcio) e completa, para analise do crescimento radicular utilizando os par?metros comprimento radicular, taxa de crescimento radicular, elonga??o radicular relativa, di?metro do colo, di?metro de ?pice da raiz principal bem como testes com corantes. Foi tamb?m realizado estudos do efeito da embebi??o das sementes com solu??es de alum?nio para verificar o efeito na porcentagem de germina??o, pl?ntulas normais e anormais, e n?o germinadas. O uso da solu??o nutritiva simples para realizar testes de curta dura??o de contacto ao alum?nio, n?o foi satisfat?rio para mam?o, sendo mais adequado o uso de solu??o nutritiva completa. Em maracuj?, ambas as solu??es podem ser utilizadas. As pl?ntulas de maracuj? crescidas em solu??o simples com o aumento do tempo de contacto com alum?nio na solu??o, as ra?zes ficaram endurecidas. Em concentra??es acima de 160?M de alum?nio, ocorreu efeito fitotoxico, contudo em concentra??es menores que 80?M ocorreu at? aumento do crescimento radicular para mam?o e maracuj?. O comprimento radicular foi o mais eficiente par?metro indicador da toler?ncia ao alum?nio. A embebi??o das sementes em alum?nio n?o afetou a germina??o a emiss?o da raiz principal e o crescimento da pl?ntula at? a concentra??o da solu??o de embebi??o de 1280?M, mas a medida que aumentou o tempo de contato e a concentra??o de alum?nio, as ra?zes rec?m emitidas sofreram danos, principalmente as de pl?ntulas de mam?o. O uso dos corantes qu?micos violeta de pirocatecol e hematoxilina foram eficiente na determina??o da toler?ncia ao alum?nio em maracuj? e mam?o, mais somente o violeta de pirocatecol permitiu comparar as doses entre si, gerando um gradiente de colora??o com o aumento da concentra??o de alum?nio, com o uso da hematoxilina s? foi poss?vel separar as concentra??es altas das concentra??es baixas de alum?nio. As melhores cultivares nas condi??es testadas foi a IAC 273/277 de maracuj? e a cv Tainung de mam?o
364

Uso de bioss?lido de lodo de esgoto em plantios de esp?cies da Mata Atl?ntica / Use of sewage sludge biosolids in plantation of Atlantic Forest species

SILVA, Marcelo Vin?cius da 02 June 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-09-06T18:31:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Marcelo Vin?cius da Silva.pdf: 1010543 bytes, checksum: 23139cdc72e275133694cd8cbab18280 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-06T18:31:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Marcelo Vin?cius da Silva.pdf: 1010543 bytes, checksum: 23139cdc72e275133694cd8cbab18280 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-02 / CAPES / CNPq / Treated sewage sludge, called biosolid, contains high levels of macronutrients and organic matter, potentially being a great input for agricultural and forestry use. However, studies on the growth response of native forest tree species to biosolids fertilization are still very incipient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sewage sludge biosolids on the growth of seven Atlantic Forest tree species, commonly used in restoration plantations. In a field experiment in Serop?dica, RJ, was evaluated the effect of four doses of biosolids (0, 2, 4 and 8 L per planting pit) and a treatment with mineral fertilization on the growth of seven tree species. During 19 months, growth (height and diameter at soil height - DNS) and survival of the species Schinus terebinthifolius Radd were monitored. (Aroeira), Lafoensia glyptocarpa KOEHNE (mirindiba), Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd. (Ingla-laurine), Senna multijuga (Rich.) (Pau-cigarra), Genipa americana (Vell.) Brenan (genipapo). In a second planting, under the same treatments, the species Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub (dry flour) and Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong (black ear) were monitored for 9 months. At the end of the monitoring period, the crown diameter and macronutrient leaf contents were also evaluated. The dose of up to 4 L of biosolid did not compromise the survival of the plants in the field. However, under the mineral fertilizer treatment, all plants of S. multijuga, 80% of I. laurina and 67% of plants of L. glyptocarpa, probably due to the effect of fertilizer salts on soil water potential Conjugated to the occurrence of a drought period after planting. The increase of the biosolid dose corresponded to a linear increase of the growth of the DNS of S. terebinthifolius, and of the growth in height, DNS and cup diameter of P. dubium. However, application of the 8 L dose of biosolids reduced up to 50% growth of S. multijuga. The species I. laurina, G. americana and E. contortisiliquum showed no response to biosolid application. Mineral fertilization significantly reduced the growth of S. terebinthifolius (p <0.05) and a similar trend was observed for G. americana, L. glyptocarpa and P. dubium (p <0.17). However, this same treatment increased the height growth of E. contortisiliquum by 70% in relation to the non-fertilized control. In general, the treatments did not significantly alter the macronutrient contents of the evaluated species. A clear exception was the increase of the Ca content in plants of L. glyptocarpa that received biosolids, and the increase of the N content in P. dubium treated with mineral fertilization. It is concluded that the different native forest species present different responses to the biosolid application. The dose of 4 L of biosolid was the only one that had no negative effect or promoted the growth of the Atlantic Forest tree species evaluated. It is recommended that similar studies be carried out on other soil types with other species in order to refine the recommendation of the use of biosolids in forest restoration plantations. Finally, caution is suggested in the use of mineral fertilizers for plantations with native species, as this practice may result in mortality or slow the growth of some species. / O lodo de esgoto tratado, denominado bioss?lido, cont?m altos teores de macronutrientes e mat?ria org?nica sendo, potencialmente, um ?timo insumo para utiliza??o agr?cola e florestal. Entretanto, estudos sobre a resposta de crescimento de esp?cies arb?reas florestais nativas ? aduba??o com bioss?lido ainda s?o muito incipientes. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos proporcionados pela aplica??o de bioss?lido de lodo de esgoto sobre o crescimento de sete esp?cies arb?reas da Mata Atl?ntica, comumente utilizadas em plantios de restaura??o. Em um experimento de campo em Serop?dica, RJ, foi avaliado o efeito de quatro doses de bioss?lido (0, 2, 4 e 8 L por cova de plantio) e um tratamento com fertiliza??o mineral sobre o crescimento de sete esp?cies arb?reas. Ao longo de 19 meses foi monitorado o crescimento (altura e di?metro ? altura do solo ? DNS) e a sobreviv?ncia das esp?cies Schinus terebinthifolius Radd. (aroeira), Lafoensia glyptocarpa KOEHNE (mirindiba), Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd. (ing?-laurina), Senna multijuga (Rich.) (pau-cigarra), Genipa americana (Vell.) Brenan (jenipapo). Em um segundo plantio, sob os mesmos tratamentos, foi monitorado por 9 meses as esp?cies Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub (farinha-seca) e Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong (orelha-de-negro). Ao final do per?odo de monitoramento, foi avaliado tamb?m o di?metro de copa e os teores foliares de macronutrientes. A dose de at? 4 L de bioss?lido n?o comprometeu a sobreviv?ncia das plantas em campo. Por?m, sob o tratamento com fertilizante mineral houve mortalidade de todas as plantas de S. multijuga, 80% de I. laurina e 67% das plantas de L. glyptocarpa, provavelmente em raz?o do efeito dos sais do fertilizante sobre o potencial h?drico do solo conjugado ? ocorr?ncia de um per?odo de estiagem ap?s o plantio. O aumento da dose de bioss?lido correspondeu a um aumento linear do crescimento do DNS de S. terebinthifolius, e do crescimento em altura, DNS e di?metro de copa de P. dubium. Entretanto, a aplica??o da dose de 8 L de bioss?lido reduziu em at? 50% o crescimento de S. multijuga. As esp?cies I. laurina, G. americana e E. contortisiliquum n?o apresentaram resposta ? aplica??o de bioss?lido. A aduba??o mineral reduziu significativamente o crescimento de S. terebinthifolius (p<0,05) e tend?ncia similar foi observada para G. americana, L. glyptocarpa e P. dubium (p<0,17). Entretanto, esse mesmo tratamento aumentou em 70% o crescimento em altura de E. contortisiliquum em rela??o ao controle n?o adubado. Em geral, os tratamentos n?o alteraram significativamente os teores de macronutrientes foliares das esp?cies avaliadas. Uma clara exce??o foi o aumento do teor de Ca em plantas de L. glyptocarpa que receberam bioss?lido, e o aumento do teor de N em P. dubium tratado com aduba??o mineral. Conclui-se que as diferentes esp?cies florestais nativas apresentam respostas distintas ? aplica??o de bioss?lido. A dose de 4 L/cova de bioss?lido foi a ?nica que n?o teve efeito negativo ou promoveu o crescimento da das esp?cies arb?reas da Mata Atl?ntica avaliadas. Recomenda-se que estudos similares sejam efetuados em outros tipos de solo com outras esp?cies de modo refinar a recomenda??o do uso do bioss?lido em plantios de restaura??o florestal. Por fim, sugere-se cautela no uso de fertilizantes minerais para plantios com esp?cies nativas, pois esta pr?tica pode resultar em mortalidade ou retardar o crescimento de algumas esp?cies.
365

Caracteriza??o de novos riz?bios isolados de ra?zes de cana-de-a??car / Characterization of new rhizobia isolated from sugarcane roots.

Matos, Gustavo Feitosa de 23 February 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2018-09-13T17:03:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Gustavo Feitosa de Matos.pdf: 1844017 bytes, checksum: 0ed6966082e21d15123a12cd0e5777ef (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-13T17:03:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Gustavo Feitosa de Matos.pdf: 1844017 bytes, checksum: 0ed6966082e21d15123a12cd0e5777ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-23 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPQ / Recent molecular biology studies have indicated that bacteria of the genus Bradyrhizobium and Rhizobium may also play a role in the biological nitrogen fixation process (BNF) when associated with sugarcane. The use of Vigna unguiculata trap plants allowed obtaining a diverse collection of endophytic Bradyrhizobium spp. from sugarcane roots. The present work aimed to characterize a group of bacteria of the genus Bradyrhizobium from sugarcane roots, as well as to evaluate the ability of a representative strain of this group and an isolate of the genus Rhizobium to promote growth in this crop. To define the taxonomic position of the isolates of the group, phylogenetic analyzes were performed with the individual 16S rRNA, ITS, nodC and recA genes and multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) involving four housekeeping genes (recA, dnaK, glnII and atpD), in four representative isolates (BR 10280T, BR 10266, BR 10555 and BR 10556). In addition, biochemical and morphophysiological tests were performed. Experiments in which the isolates P9-20 (BR 10280) (Bradyrhizobium sp.) and P5-2 (Rhizobium sp.) were inoculated in sugarcane seedlings were conducted in a greenhouse to evaluate the growth promoting effect of these isolates. Two harvests were performed at 30 and 75 days after transplanting (DAT). Among the analyzed variables were the budding speed index (BSI), dry mass and total nitrogen (N). Phylogenetic analyzes positioned the isolates in the superclade of B. japonicum in an independent branch close to B. huanghuaihaiense, a soybean micro-symbiont. Despite the proximity of the group under study to B. huanghuaihaiense, these isolates did not induce nodulation in Glycine max. In addition, unlike B. huanghuaihaiense, the new isolates induced nodule formation in Phaseolus vulgaris. In morphophysiological studies, significant differences were demonstrated between the representative isolates from this study and B. huanghuaihaiense. In the greenhouse experiment, an increase on BSI and root dry mass of the inoculated treatment with the P5-2 isolate was observed in the first harvest. In the second harvest, increments were found in the root dry mass and root volume, as well as in the total N of the roots and aerial part, in the treatment inoculated with P5-2, although no statistical difference was detected. These results of the characterization indicate that the sugarcane isolates of the genus Bradyrhizobium represent a new species of this genus. In relation to the greenhouse experiment, the isolate of the genus Rhizobium sp. presented potential as a growth promoter in the sugarcane crop. / Estudos recentes de biologia molecular indicaram que bact?rias do g?nero Bradyrhizobium e Rhizobium tamb?m podem ter um papel no processo de fixa??o biol?gica de nitrog?nio (FBN) quando associadas ? cana-de-a??car. O uso de plantas de Vigna unguiculata como ?isca? possibilitou a obten??o de uma cole??o diversa de Bradyrhizobium spp. endof?ticos a partir de ra?zes de cana-de-a??car. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar um grupo de bact?rias do g?nero Bradyrhizobium proveniente de ra?zes de cana-de-a??car, assim como avaliar a capacidade de uma estirpe representante desse grupo e de um isolado do g?nero Rhizobium em promover efeito de crescimento nessa cultura. Para definir o posicionamento taxon?mico dos isolados do grupo, an?lises filogen?ticas foram realizadas com os genes individuais 16S rRNA, ITS, nodC e recA e an?lise de sequ?ncia de multilocus (MLSA) envolvendo quatro genes ?housekeeping? (recA, dnaK, glnII e atpD), em quatro isolados representantes (BR 10280T, BR 10266, BR10555 e BR 10556). Al?m disso, foram realizados testes bioqu?micos e morfofisiol?gicos. Experimento onde os isolados P9-20 (BR 10280) (Bradyrhizobium sp.) e P5-2 (Rhizobium sp.) foram inoculados em minitoletes de cana-de-a??car foi conduzido em casa de vegeta??o. Foram realizadas coletas aos 30 e 75 dias ap?s transplantio (DAT). Entre as vari?veis analisadas est?o o ?ndice de velocidade de brotamento (IVB), massa seca e Nitrog?nio (N) total. An?lises filogen?ticas posicionaram os isolados no super clado de B. japonicum em um ramo independente pr?ximo a B. huanghuaihaiense, um microssimbionte de soja. Apesar da proximidade do grupo em estudo com B. huanghuaihaiense, estes isolados n?o induziram nodula??o em Glycine max. Al?m disso, diferente de B. huanghuaihaiense, os novos isolados induziram a forma??o de n?dulos em Phaseolus vulgaris. Em estudos morfofisiol?gicos foram demostradas diferen?as significativas entre os isolados representantes do grupo em estudo e B. huanghuaihaiense. Em experimento em casa de vegeta??o, observou-se na primeira coleta um incremento sobre o IVB e massa seca da raiz no tratamento inoculado com o isolado P5-2, embora n?o tenham sido observadas diferen?as estat?sticas. Na segunda coleta, incrementos foram encontrados na massa seca de raiz e volume de raiz, assim como, no N total das ra?zes e parte a?rea, no tratamento incoculado com P5-2, embora n?o tenham apresentado diferen?a estat?stica. Massa seca da parte a?rea do tratamento inoculado com P5-2 apresentou incremento na primeira e segunda coleta, em rela??o aos controles, embora n?o tenha sido detectada diferen?a estat?stica. Os resultados da caracteriza??o do grupo indicam que os isolados de cana-de-a??car do g?nero Bradyrhizobium representam uma nova esp?cie desse g?nero. Em rela??o ao experimento em casa de vegeta??o, o isolado do g?nero Rhizobium sp. apresentou potencial como promotor de crescimento na cultura de cana-de-a??car
366

Florestal e Agricultura Familiar: o caso da Regi?o Serrana Fluminense / Forestry Production and Family Farming: the case of the Serrana Region of Rio de Janeiro.

C?rtes, Ra?ssa Tamassia 25 April 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2018-09-18T12:48:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Ra?ssa Tamassia C?rtes.pdf: 2683408 bytes, checksum: 8cbfad45de6c298658d7e774a1167e8a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-18T12:48:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Ra?ssa Tamassia C?rtes.pdf: 2683408 bytes, checksum: 8cbfad45de6c298658d7e774a1167e8a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-25 / This study seeks to present the dynamic of forestry production in family farming properties, to comprehend their practice of usual management, to apprehend the producers? interests in forestry activities, and the capacity that these activities have to provide wood for the local market. The Serrana Region of Rio de Janeiro State was chosen as study area because in it land structure predominates small rural properties, of family farming. This Region has the second major reforestation area of the State. As the topic of family forestry production has been little discussed in academic level, this essay is an exploratory research, with a collective case study. The presence or absence of forestry activities in the small properties of the region, as well as the supply and the demand of wood products in local level was obtained through secondary data. The analysis of the family producers? silvicultural system, in terms of management and production costs, availed information collected through interviews with technicians and local farmers. The study showed that the forestry production in familiar farming in the Serrana Region has potential to supply the wood local market. The forestry activities has great value to diversify the rural landscape and combating illegal logging of tropical forests. There is still a lot of resistance to these activities by farmers, given the history of eucalyptus monoculture expansion. Other species with silvicultural potential, and suitable to the small and medium farmers management, should be studied to meet the market demands. The forest element must bring a ransom and a respect to the traditional management and the way the activities are performed into each farm, in the life of each family, in the way of more sustainable activities. / O presente estudo procura apresentar a din?mica da produ??o florestal em propriedades de agricultura familiar, no sentido de compreender a pr?tica do manejo usual nessas propriedades, perceber os interesses dos produtores nas atividades florestais, e a capacidade dessas atividades para abastecer o mercado local de madeira. A Regi?o Serrana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro foi escolhida como ?rea de estudo pois sua estrutura fundi?ria se caracteriza pela predomin?ncia de pequenas propriedades rurais, de produ??o principalmente familiar. Esta regi?o se destaca por ter a segunda maior ?rea de plantios de reflorestamento do Estado, e tem como foco principal o abastecimento do mercado local. Visto que o tema da produ??o florestal familiar tem sido pouco discutido no ?mbito acad?mico, este trabalho se caracteriza como uma pesquisa explorat?ria, a partir de um estudo de caso coletivo. A presen?a ou aus?ncia da atividade florestal nas pequenas propriedades da regi?o, bem como as rela??es de oferta e demanda de produtos madeireiros a n?vel local foram obtidas de dados secund?rios. J? a an?lise do sistema silvicultural utilizado pelos produtores, em termos de manejo e custos de produ??o, foi realizada a partir das informa??es obtidas dos depoimentos de t?cnicos e produtores locais. Neste trabalho, notou-se que a produ??o florestal que ocorre em propriedades de agricultura familiar na Regi?o Serrana apresenta potencial para abastecer o mercado local de madeira. As atividades florestais t?m grande import?ncia para a diversifica??o da paisagem rural e no combate ? extra??o ilegal de madeira nativa de florestas tropicais. Ainda h? muita resist?ncia a essas atividades por parte dos agricultores, visto o hist?rico da expans?o dos monocultivos de eucalipto. Outras esp?cies com potencial silvicultural, e adequadas ao sistema de manejo existente nas pequenas e m?dias propriedades, devem ser estudadas para atender as demandas do mercado. A inser??o do elemento florestal deve trazer um resgate e um respeito ao manejo tradicional e ? forma como as atividades s?o realizadas dentro de cada propriedade, na viv?ncia de cada fam?lia, no caminho em dire??o a atividades mais sustent?veis.
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Forma??o Profissional Empreendedora sob a vis?o pedag?gica. / Entrepreneurial training formation under pedagogical approach.

Soares, M?nica Bomtempo Reis 27 October 2010 (has links)
Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-09-19T12:55:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - M?nica Bomtempo Reis Soares.pdf: 1261572 bytes, checksum: ede0d7de0924bad5f0ee6da2940ba33c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-19T12:55:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - M?nica Bomtempo Reis Soares.pdf: 1261572 bytes, checksum: ede0d7de0924bad5f0ee6da2940ba33c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-27 / This study aims to examine the practices of dissemination of entrepreneurial education and interdisciplinary teaching practices, as well as the performance in the J?nior company and business incubator in the technical course in agriculture in Rio Pomba Campus of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the Southeast of Minas Gerais. Once the professionals should be prepared for the world of work and citizenship as an entrepreneur with vision for business opportunities, the implementation of entrepreneurship education in schools of professional technical and technological education should be based on developing entrepreneurial students? skills. For this model of entrepreneurship education takes form it will be necessary for the entrepreneurial culture to be part of the whole school community, agencies and sectors involved as well as society itself. The methodology used in this study was a case study using a questionnaire applied to teachers and graduates, in order to examine what teachers think about the entrepreneurial training of students in technical courses. As for the graduates it was sought to meet their technical background and importance of entrepreneurial training in the workplace. This research has also sought to describe the guidelines for integrated technical education, analyzing and proposing a new curriculum model, identifying the main problems of education within the institution and teaching practices that match a model of professional education focused on entrepreneurial training, stimulating entrepreneurial spirit and providing tools for students to find their place in the market as well as entrepreneurs. It can be observed that teachers agree that entrepreneurial training is important for students as well as being very important in today's job market. It appeared from the students that it lacked a specific discipline and/or the incorporation of content related to entrepreneurial training. It was also noted that experiments with the J?nior company and business incubator contribute to the formation, demonstrating the importance of these experiences for the development of entrepreneurship. The current array of technical course load is very high, leaving little time for additional activities, and little is focused on the entrepreneurial training. In short, it is suggested that the curriculum be restructured and the entrepreneurial practice be also enhanced in extracurricular activities. / Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar as pr?ticas de difus?o da educa??o empreendedora e pr?ticas pedag?gicas interdisciplinares, bem como, a atua??o dos alunos na empresa J?nior e na incubadora de empresas no curso t?cnico em agropecu?ria no Campus Rio Pomba do Instituto Federal de Educa??o, Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Sudeste de Minas Gerais. Tendo em vista que os profissionais dever?o estar preparados para o mundo do trabalho e exerc?cio da cidadania como um trabalhador empreendedor com vis?o para as oportunidades de neg?cios, a implementa??o da educa??o empreendedora nas escolas de educa??o profissional t?cnica e tecnol?gica deve basear-se no desenvolvimento de habilidades empreendedoras nos alunos. Para que este modelo de ensino empreendedor tome forma ser? necess?rio que a cultura empreendedora fa?a parte de toda a comunidade escolar, ?rg?os e setores envolvidos bem como a sociedade. A metodologia utilizada neste estudo foi o estudo de caso por meio de question?rio aplicado aos professores e egressos, com o objetivo de analisar o que os professores pensam sobre a forma??o empreendedora dos alunos dos cursos t?cnicos. Quanto aos egressos buscou-se conhecer a sua forma??o t?cnica e a import?ncia da forma??o empreendedora na vida profissional. A presente pesquisa buscou ainda descrever as diretrizes para o ensino t?cnico integrado, analisando e propondo uma nova matriz curricular, identificando os principais problemas da educa??o dentro da institui??o e pr?ticas pedag?gicas que correspondam a um modelo de ensino profissionalizante voltado para a forma??o empreendedora, estimulando o esp?rito empreendedor e fornecendo instrumentos para que os alunos encontrem seu lugar no mercado tamb?m como empres?rios. Pode-se observar que os professores concordam que a forma??o empreendedora ? importante para os alunos, al?m de ser muito importante no atual mercado de trabalho. Depreendeu-se dos egressos que faltou uma disciplina espec?fica e/ou a incorpora??o de conte?dos relacionados a forma??o empreendedora. Observou-se tamb?m que as experi?ncias com a empresa J?nior e a incubadora de empresas contribuem para a forma??o, demonstrando a import?ncia dessas experi?ncias para o desenvolvimento do esp?rito empreendedor. A matriz atual do curso t?cnico tem carga hor?ria muito elevada, restando pouco tempo para atividades complementares, e pouco se foca a forma??o empreendedora. Em suma, sugere-se que a matriz curricular seja reestruturada e que a pr?tica empreendedora seja refor?ada tamb?m nas atividades extracurriculares.
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Compara??o de quatro diferentes testes quantitativos de produ??o lacrimal em c?es dom?sticos. / Standardization and comparison of three different quantitative tests of tear production in dogs.

Silva, Leandro Nogueira e 19 August 2010 (has links)
Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-09-19T16:37:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Leandro Nogueira e Silva.pdf: 572924 bytes, checksum: fa1675478af792ae0da5d4e17ca86504 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-19T16:37:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Leandro Nogueira e Silva.pdf: 572924 bytes, checksum: fa1675478af792ae0da5d4e17ca86504 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-19 / Regarding the measurement of tear production, the technique of reading tear with a cotton soaked in a pH indicator solution has proven to be advantageous compared to Schirmer Tears Test in many studies due to the smaller width of the test material and time for attaining this , which leads to less reflex tear production and a closer reading of basal tear production or real. This experiment aimed to develop a quantitative measurement equipment in tear production similar to the ZoneQuick? Menicon and improve it, establish a pattern of reading to those and evaluate their advantages and disadvantages. For that, we selected 50 beagle dogs, male and female, aged 1-8 years from the Canil do Laboratorio de Quimioterapia Experimental Parasitol?gica of UFRRJ, and produced two tests with Cotton Thread with Phenol Red and Bromocresol Green. Afterwards was made the reading standization of those three tests compared to the Schirmer tear test, getting as normal range of reading for the tests with Cotton Thread with Phenol Red 13.6 to 22.7 mm/15seg., the ZoneQuick? Menicon of between 22, 7 and 37.8 mm/15seg. and tests with Cotton Thread with the Bromocresol Green 13.7 to 22.8 mm/15seg.. Among those three tests, the ZoneQuick? showed the smallest shift in color of the indicator and the largest Cotton Thread with the Bromocresol Green which along with the smaller standard error presented by this facilitates its reading and reduces the chance of false positive or negative. In a comparison between the Schirmer Tears Test , Cotton Thread with the Bromocresol Green tests and Cotton Thread with Phenol Red latter, generated less reflex tear production, with a reading closer to the real. / Em rela??o ? mensura??o da produ??o lacrimal, a t?cnica de leitura lacrimal com o fio de algod?o embebido em uma solu??o indicadora de pH vem se mostrando vantajosa em rela??o ao Teste Lacrimal de Schirmer I (TLS I) em diversos estudos, devido ? menor largura do material de teste e tempo de realiza??o deste, o que leva a uma menor produ??o lacrimal reflexa e uma leitura mais pr?xima da produ??o lacrimal basal ou real. Este experimento teve como objetivos, testar diferentes tipos de fios e avaliar qual o mais indicado a realiza??o dos testes, desenvolver um material de medi??o quantitativo da produ??o lacrimal de fio impregnado com vermelho fenol, testar outro indicador de pH, estabelecer um padr?o de leitura para estes e o ZoneQuick? da Menicon e compar?-los ao TLS I avaliando suas vantagens e desvantagens. Para isto, foram selecionados 50 c?es da ra?a Beagle, machos e f?meas, com idade variando de 1 a 8 anos do Canil do Laborat?rio de Quimioterapia Experimental Parasitol?gica da UFRRJ, e produzidos dois testes com Fio de Algod?o impregnados com Vermelho Fenol ou Verde de Bromocresol. Em seguida foi feita a padroniza??o da leitura dos tr?s testes em compara??o ao TLS I, obtendo-se como faixa normal de leitura para o Teste de Fio de Algod?o com Vermelho Fenol de 13,6 a 22,7 mm/15seg., o ZoneQuick? da Menicon entre 22,7 e 37,8mm/15seg. e o Teste de Fio de Algod?o com Verde de Bromocresol de 13,7 a 22,8 mm/15 seg.. Dentre os tr?s testes, o ZoneQuick? apresentou a menor viragem na cor do indicador e o Teste de Fio de Algod?o com Verde de Bromocresol a maior o que, juntamente com o menor erro padr?o por este apresentado, facilita sua leitura e reduz a chance de falso positivo ou negativo. Na etapa de compara??o entre os TLS I, Fio de Algod?o com Verde de Bromocresol e Fio de Algod?o com Vermelho Fenol este ?ltimo gerou menor produ??o lacrimal reflexa, com uma leitura mais pr?xima da real.
369

Avalia??o da durabilidade de unidades produtivas em transi??o agroecol?gica na regi?o metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, MG / Evaluation of the durability of productive units in agroecological transition in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, MG

BENTES, Gisele Almeida Ferreira 24 March 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-09-25T19:07:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Gisele Almeida Ferreira Bentes.pdf: 1306978 bytes, checksum: 93e521ee8ae3d5f96ac3ef5491ae3d6e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-25T19:07:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Gisele Almeida Ferreira Bentes.pdf: 1306978 bytes, checksum: 93e521ee8ae3d5f96ac3ef5491ae3d6e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-24 / The present study had as objective to evaluate the durability of eight systems of production of vegetables in agroecological transition in the municipalities of Capim Branco and Matozinhos, belonging to the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, with the application of the IDEA method. In the IDEA (Indicators of Durability of Exploitations Agricole) method, the durability quantification is proposed through a matrix with 41 indicators, grouped into 10 components, which comprise three dimensions: agro-environmental (19 indicators), socio-territorial (16) and economic (6). The combination of the values of the indicators allows measuring the durability of each dimension, which can vary from zero to 100 points. The structure of the method defines that the durability of the production system is limited by the dimension that presents the lowest score. The conceptual model involves aspects of the natural, social and human sciences that, by adapting some indicators to the reality of local agroecosystems, allows the quantitative measurement of durability. The selected properties were the certified organic family farmers, non-certified and with SAT certified (without pesticides), whose main economic activity was the cultivation of vegetables. In these units, the IDEA method was applied in January 2016 through interviews conducted at the production units. In the evaluations, some obstacles were observed that limit the potential of the region as an important producer of organic vegetables. These limitations range from the lack of local inputs to lack of governmental incentive, as well as a precarious process of social organization. From the results found, it can be reported that the durability of the municipalities studied is limited by the socio-territorial dimension, which presented an average score of 65%. In addition, the economic dimension can be improved because, although it is not the limiting factor, according to the method, it presented an average score of 71%. On the other hand, the agri-environmental dimension showed a high score, above 87%. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a durabilidade de oito sistemas de produ??o de oler?colas em transi??o agroecol?gica nos munic?pios de Capim Branco e Matozinhos, pertencentes ? regi?o metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, atrav?s da aplica??o do m?todo IDEA. No m?todo IDEA (Indicateurs de Durabilit? des Exploitations Agricole), postula-se a quantifica??o da durabilidade por meio de uma matriz com 41 indicadores, agrupados em 10 componentes, que comp?em tr?s dimens?es: agroambiental (19 indicadores), s?cio territorial (16) e econ?mica (6). A combina??o dos valores dos indicadores permite aferir durabilidade de cada dimens?o, que pode variar de zero a 100 pontos. A estrutura do m?todo define que a durabilidade em sistemas de produ??o ? limitada pela dimens?o que apresentar o menor escore. O modelo conceitual envolve aspectos das ci?ncias naturais, sociais e humanas, que mediante a adapta??o de alguns indicadores ? realidade dos agroecossistemas locais, permite a mensura??o quantitativa da durabilidade. As propriedades selecionadas foram de agricultores familiares org?nicos certificados, n?o certificados e com a certifica??o SAT (sem agrot?xicos), que tinham como principal atividade econ?mica o cultivo de hortali?as. Nessas unidades, o m?todo IDEA foi aplicado em Janeiro de 2016 por meio de entrevistas realizadas nas unidades produtivas. Nas avalia??es, foram observados alguns entraves que limitam o potencial da regi?o como importante produtora de hortali?as org?nicas. Essas limita??es compreendem desde a falta de insumos locais at? a falta de incentivo governamental, al?m de prec?rio processo de organiza??o social. A partir dos resultados encontrados, pode-se relatar que a durabilidade dos munic?pios estudados est? limitada pela dimens?o socioterritorial, a qual apresentou um escore m?dio de 65%. Al?m disso, a dimens?o econ?mica pode ser melhorada, pois, apesar de n?o ser o fator limitante, de acordo com o m?todo, apresentou escore m?dio de 71%. Por outro lado, observa-se que a dimens?o agroambiental apresentou escore elevado, acima de 87%.
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Usos e qualidade da ?gua em regi?o semi-?rida do nordeste brasileiro: percep??o ambiental de professores e alunos

Petrovich, Ana Carla Iorio 24 April 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:54:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaCLP_DISSERT_pagina 1_a_8.pdf: 8605712 bytes, checksum: a23b0324901ca6ee088750e19d1a57c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-24 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Density and biomass of bacterioplankton in parts of the Marechal Dutra reservoir were studied in periods of dry and rainy season. The averages of the total bacterial densities oscillated in the order of 107 organisms/ mL of sample. The cocci cells were numerically predominant, influencing considerably the total abundance of the bacterioplankton. The total bacterial biomass, was considered raised and varied from 2.431,82 to 2.739,01 ?gC.L-1, in function of the high values of biovolume of the filaments forms, and showed no marked spacial fluctuation. These high values of density and biomass alert for the necessity of a frequent monitoring of aquatic ecosystems of semi-arid region, where the quality of the water is affected by the occurrence of extensive dry periods, influencing considerably the quality of life of its population / Foram estudadas a densidade e a biomassa do bacteriopl?ncton nos per?odos seco e chuvoso em dois pontos do A?ude Marechal Dutra. As m?dias das densidades bacterianas totais oscilaram na ordem de 107 organismos por mL de amostra. As c?lulas em forma de cocos foram numericamente predominantes, influenciando consideravelmente a abund?ncia total do bacteriopl?ncton. A biomassa bacteriana total foi considerada elevada, variando de 2.431,82 a 2.739,01 ?gC.L-1 , em fun??o dos altos valores de biovolume dos filamentos. N?o foram encontradas varia??es espaciais nem sazonais marcantes. Os altos valores de densidade e biomassa encontrados alertam para a necessidade de um freq?ente monitoramento dos ecossistemas aqu?ticos de regi?o semi-?rida onde a qualidade da ?gua ? afetada pela ocorr?ncia de extensos per?odos de estiagem que influenciam a qualidade de vida de sua popula??o

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