Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-18T10:52:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Bruna Rodrigues Pereira.pdf: 2671756 bytes, checksum: b38e36947fda465d9d78272a81b2e947 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-18T10:52:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Bruna Rodrigues Pereira.pdf: 2671756 bytes, checksum: b38e36947fda465d9d78272a81b2e947 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This study aimed to evaluate the quality of 'Sweet Celebration' and 'Sweet Globe' grapes, subjected to minimally processing, as well as the effectiveness of three rinsing solutions (water, sodium metabisulfite and chlorine) and pedicel cut intensity (with and without pedicel), in the conservation of these fruits during 12 days refrigerated storage to temperature at 8 ? C . The experiments were performed at Embrapa Agroind?stria de alimentos. For both experiments were applied rinse solutions, with water, sodium metabisulfite (20 mg. L-1) and chlorine (8 mg. L-1), that characterized the treatments, during the rinse step of minimally processing grapes, it being used two pedicel cut intensities:full cut and maintenance of a little fragment about 0,5 cm. Quality analyzes were performed at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days of storage, and it was determined fresh weight loss cumulative , fruit firmness, color analysis, acidity, pH, total soluble solids, SST/ATT rate , sugars (sucrose , fructose and glucose) and enzymatic activity of pectinametilesterase for both cultivars. For Sweet Celebration grapes were also carried out the percentage fruit loss (9th and 12th day of storage) and anthocyanins. In 'Sweet Globe' grapes were realized total carotenoids, chlorophylls (a, b and total) and microbiological analyses. To the cultivate Sweet Celebration was possible identify berries out of commercial standard in the 9? day of storage. In the fresh weight loss cumulative, berries without pedicel had higher loss in the rinse with water from the 6th day of storage. For berries with pedicel the rinse with chlorine had the lowest fresh weight loss cumulative up 9th day of storage. For the firmness , berries without pedicel (4.44 N) had lower firmness compared to berries with pedicel (5.04 N), there wasn't significant difference between the rinsing solutions (p> 0.05). To cultivate Sweet Globe, berries with pedicel and rinsed with water had higher fresh weight loss cumulative from the 9th day of storage. In the berries without pedicel the rinse with water led to lower fresh weight loss cumulative from the 6th day of storage. There was no difference between the isolated factors rinse solutions and pedicel cut intensit to the firmness analysis. All rinse solutions were efficient in the microbiological analysis, so the minimally processed Sweet Globe grapes were in the standard established by law for human consumption / O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a qualidade de uvas ?Sweet Celebration? e ?Sweet Globe?, submetidas ao processamento m?nimo, assim como a efetividade de tr?s solu??es enxaguantes (?gua, metabissulfito de s?dio e cloro) e da intensidade de corte do pedicelo (com e sem pedicelo), na conserva??o desses frutos, durante 12 dias de armazenamento refrigerado a 8?C. Os experimentos foram realizados na Embrapa agroind?stria de alimentos. Para ambos experimentos, foram aplicadas solu??es de enx?gue, com ?gua, metabissulfito de s?dio (20 mg. L-1) e cloro (8 mg. L-1), que caracterizaram os tratamentos, durante a etapa de enx?gue do processamento m?nimo das uvas, sendo adotadas duas intensidades de corte do pedicelo: retirada total do mesmo e manuten??o de um pequeno fragmento com aproximadamente 0,5 cm. Foram realizadas an?lises de qualidade nos 0, 3, 6, 9, e 12 dias de armazenamento, sendo determinadas a perda acumulada de massa fresca, firmeza dos frutos, an?lise de cor, acidez, pH, s?lidos sol?veis totais, rela??o SST/ATT, a??cares (sacarose, frutose e glicose) e atividade enzim?tica da pectinametilesterase para as duas cultivares. Para as uvas Sweet Celebration, foram tamb?m realizadas a porcentagem de perda de frutos (9? e 12? dia de armazenamento) e antocianinas totais. Para as uvas ?Sweet Globe?, foram realizadas as an?lises de caroten?ides totais, clorofilas (a, b e total) e an?lise microbiol?gica. Para a cultivar Sweet Celebration, foi poss?vel detectar bagas fora de padr?o comercial no 9?dia de armazenamento. Na perda acumulada de massa fresca, bagas sem pedicelo apresentaram maior perda no enx?gue com ?gua a partir do 6? dia de armazenamento. Para bagas com pedicelo o enx?gue com cloro apresentou a menor perda acumulada de massa fresca at? o 9? dia de armazenamento. Para a firmeza das bagas, bagas sem pedicelo (4,44 N) apresentaram menor firmeza, quando comparadas ?s bagas com pedicelo (5,04 N), n?o havendo diferen?a significativa entre as solu??es de enx?gue (p> 0,05). Para a cultivar Sweet Globe, bagas com pedicelo e enxaguadas com ?gua, apresentaram maior perda acumulada de massa fresca , a partir do 9? dia de armazenamento. Para bagas sem pedicelo o enx?gue com ?gua levou a menor perda acumulada de massa fresca a partir do 6? dia de armazenamento. N?o houve diferen?a entre os fatores isolados solu??es de enx?gue e intensidade de corte do pedicelo para a an?lise de firmeza. Todas as solu??es de enx?gue foram eficientes do ponto de vista microbiol?gico, estando as uvas Sweet Globe minimamente processadas dentro do padr?o estabelecido pela legisla??o para consumo humano

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-01-25T12:16:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - C?sar Augusto Vandesteen Junior.pdf: 8666751 bytes, checksum: 5dc79e2a6f8c59b75d62504ea2f4fa21 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-25T12:16:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - C?sar Augusto Vandesteen Junior.pdf: 8666751 bytes, checksum: 5dc79e2a6f8c59b75d62504ea2f4fa21 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-29 / Nowadays, in Brazil becomes necessary the attainment of methods of low cost for the detention of rutting in bovine females and one of the main traditional methods is the use of teaser bulls. These can be obtained with a great variety of surgical techniques, amongst them, the section of apical ligament, that although low cost and absence of post-surgical care, has not been practiced because of unsatisfactory results, probably due to lack of standard procedures. This study aimed to readjust this technique, considering the easy execution and low cost, standardizing it for any bovine cattle, becoming it efficient in any male bovine, from the puberty without dependence of race. 15 Parts of bovine penises in varied races and ages, varying of 12 and 28 months, had been obtained in slaughter houses for anatomic evaluations, with primacy attention in the dorsal apical ligament, getting in such a way a measure, based on statistical correlation calculations, for the attainment of the lesser density?s accurate place of this ligament and therefore the ideal place to incision and removal target ligament?s part. This measure was gotten doubling the distance between the portion proximal of the glands until the rafe of the foreskin in proximal direction from rafe of the foreskin. 16 male bovines, without emasculating had been selected and previously tested about the libido, divided in two groups of eight and submitted to the surgery of section of the apical ligament, through the measure gotten in the study of parts obtained in slaughter house, removal about five centimeters target of ligament. This procedure did not produced great post-surgical care and was gotten 100% of penis deviation, with mount without penetration, having materialize success of the technique?s readjustment. A group of bulls was introduced in the herd in the eighth surgical day after and the other in 15o day after, without difference between the two, demonstrating a reduction in the rest after surgery and becoming viable still more the technique, due to earlier teaser bulls activity. All the animals had not presented changes of behavior or reduction of libido during the 30 months of observation, demonstrated longevity of the teaser bulls gotten with this technique. / No Brasil, cada vez mais se faz necess?rio a obten??o de m?todos de baixo custo para a detec??o de cio em f?meas bovinas e um dos principais e tradicionais m?todos ? a utiliza??o de rufi?es. Estes podem ser obtidos com variadas t?cnicas cir?rgicas, dentre elas a de sec??o do ligamento apical, que apesar de baixo custo e aus?ncia de p?s operat?rio, n?o tem sido praticada devido ? obten??o de resultados n?o satisfat?rios, provavelmente devido ? falta de padroniza??o. Este estudo objetivou resgatar esta t?cnica, devido ? praticidade de execu??o e baixo custo, padronizando-a para qualquer rebanho bovino, tornando-a eficiente em qualquer bovino macho que tenha atingido a puberdade independente de ra?a. Foram estudadas 15 pe?as de matadouro de p?nis bovino de variadas ra?as e idades variando de 12 a 28 meses, com enfoque no ligamento apical dorsal, obtendo desta forma uma medida, baseada em c?lculos estat?sticos de correla??o, para a obten??o do local exato de menor densidade deste ligamento e portanto o local ideal para incis?o e extirpa??o. Esta medida foi obtida atrav?s da transloca??o da dist?ncia entre a por??o mais proximal da glande at? a rafe do prep?cio em sentido proximal a partir da rafe do prep?cio. Foram selecionados 16 bovinos machos, n?o castrados e previamente testados quanto a libido, divididos em dois grupos de oito e submetidos ? cirurgia de sec??o do ligamento apical, atrav?s da medida obtida no estudo de pe?as de matadouro, extirpando cerca de cinco cent?metros de ligamento. Este procedimento n?o gerou grandes cuidados p?s operat?rios e foi obtido 100% de desvio de p?nis com monta sem penetra??o, concretizando o sucesso do reajuste da t?cnica. Um grupo foi introduzido no rebanho no oitavo dia p?s cir?rgico e o outro no 15o dia, n?o havendo diferen?a entre os dois, demonstrando uma redu??o no repouso p?s cir?rgico e viabilizando ainda mais a cirurgia, devido ? precocidade de utiliza??o desse rufi?o. Os animais n?o apresentaram mudan?as de comportamento ou diminui??o de libido durante os 30 meses de observa??o, demonstrando longevidade do rufi?o obtido por esta t?cnica.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-02-07T14:43:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007 - Carlos Torres Ribeiro.pdf: 5710755 bytes, checksum: 9715a44d07b4fa0d4b48d83f3dac6d34 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-07T14:43:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007 - Carlos Torres Ribeiro.pdf: 5710755 bytes, checksum: 9715a44d07b4fa0d4b48d83f3dac6d34 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-08-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil. / Outbreaks of infection by Lawsonia intracelullaris in swine and rabbits in the State of Rio de Janeiro are described. The symptomathology was characterized by bloody and aquous diarrhea, with respectively superacute and acute course. Post-mortem findings were a reticulate aspect of the ileum. In swine its mucosa was moderately thickened and it contained large amounts of partially coagulated blood; in rabbits the wall of the ileum was much thickened and the contents were aquous. Histopathological examination revealed severe hyperplastic proliferation of the epithelial cells of the Lieberk?hn crypts, sometimes associated with inflammatory and necrotic alterations. Silver impregnation and imunohistochemistry demonstrated the presence of large amounts of bacteria in the cytoplasm of the cryptal epithelial cells. In swine L. intracellularis was seen also by ultramicroscopic examination. This is the first report of the disease in the State of Rio de Janeiro. / Descrevem-se surtos de infec??o por Lawsonia intracellularis em su?nos e coelhos, ocorridos no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A sintomatologia caracterizou-se por diarr?ia sanguinolenta e aquosa, com evolu??o superaguda e aguda, respectivamente. ? necropsia verificaram-se ?leo de aspecto reticulado, com mucosa moderadamente espessada, contendo grande quantidade de sangue parcialmente coagulado, no caso dos su?nos, e ?leo com parede muito espessada e conte?do aquoso nos coelhos. O exame histol?gico revelou marcada prolifera??o hiperpl?sica das c?lulas epiteliais das criptas de Lieberk?hn, por vezes, associada a altera??es inflamat?rias e necr?ticas. Impregna??o pela prata e t?cnica imunoistoqu?mica demonstraram presen?a da bact?ria, em grande quantidade, dentro do citoplasma das c?lulas epiteliais das criptas de su?nos e coelhos. Em su?nos, L. intracellularis tamb?m foi visualizada pela ultramicroscopia. Essa ? a primeira descri??o da enfermidade no Estado do Rio de Janeiro.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-02-09T11:41:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Ramon de Souza Victorino da Silva.pdf: 1815548 bytes, checksum: d38cb3bc107f782e4c75f4e66118d838 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-09T11:41:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Ramon de Souza Victorino da Silva.pdf: 1815548 bytes, checksum: d38cb3bc107f782e4c75f4e66118d838 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-18 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil. / The aim of this project was to develop a statistical classifier based on algorithms using Bayesian theorem for prediction of nitrogen applied to the soil using low cost multispectral images Tifton85 pastures From information obtained from these images the indexes were calculated spectrum, which was used in a feature vector for discriminating N levels applied to the soil. The research was developed in the Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Engineering, Machinery Area and Energy in Agriculture. The data were obtained from an experiment installed in the production area of Company Feno Rio Agro LTDA, partner in the project. Images were acquired in 2 times one after 36 days due to the cutting standardization of culture using a UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) and at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 56 days using an imaging platform an experiment with 6 portions 250m2 (10x25m) containing respectively the treatments (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha-? N), statistical analyzes were performed the computer program SAS version student using PROCDISCRIM procedure. It was determined discriminant functions for each dose of nitrogen, using as feature vectors vegetation indices (NDVI, GNIR, SAVI, GNDVI, RNIR). These discriminant functions were tested in a Bayesian classifier, and the highest accuracies were using vegetation indices together getting a Kappa coefficient and overall accuracy of 83% and 80%, respectively. The results indicate that low cost multispectral images can be used to develop classifiers of nitrogen applied to the soil. These binders may be applied in computational algorithms in agricultural machinery control systems for fertilizer application at variable rates in precision agriculture. / O objetivo geral deste projeto foi desenvolver um classificador estat?stico com base em algoritmos utilizando o teorema bayesianos para predi??o de doses de nitrog?nio aplicadas ao solo, atrav?s de imagens multiespectrais de baixo custo em pastagens de Tifton85 A partir de informa??es obtidas nessas imagens foram calculados os ?ndices espectrais, os quais foram utilizados em um vetor de caracter?sticas para discriminar n?veis de N aplicados ao solo. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Engenharia, ?rea de M?quinas e Energia na Agricultura. Os dados foram obtidos de um experimento instalado no campo de produ??o da Empresa Feno Rio Agro LTDA, parceira do projeto. As imagens foram adquiridas em 2 momentos uma ap?s 36 dias decorrentes ao corte de uniformiza??o da cultura utilizando um VANT (Ve?culo A?reo N?o Tripulado) e aos 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 56 dias utilizando uma plataforma de capta??o de imagens de um experimento com 6 parcelas contendo respectivamente os tratamentos (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 e 250 kg ha -? de N), as an?lises estat?sticas foram realizadas no programa computacional SAS vers?o estudante, utilizando o procedimento PROCDISCRIM. Determinou-se fun??es discriminantes para cada dose de nitrog?nio, utilizando-se como vetores de caracter?sticas os ?ndices de vegeta??o (NDVI, GNIR, SAVI, GNDVI, RNIR). Essas fun??es discriminantes foram testadas em um classificador bayesiano, sendo que a maior acur?cia de classifica??o foi utilizando os ?ndices de vegeta??o em conjunto obtendo um coeficiente Kappa e a exatid?o global de 83% e 80%, respectivamente. Os resultados indicam que imagens multiespectrais de baixo custo podem ser utilizadas para desenvolver classificadores de doses de nitrog?nio aplicadas ao solo. Esses classificadores poder?o ser aplicados em algoritmos computacionais em sistemas de controle de m?quinas agr?colas para aplica??o de fertilizantes a taxas vari?veis em agricultura de precis?o.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-04-10T15:37:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Gabriela Fernandes Samico.pdf: 726920 bytes, checksum: 6b47b0e0b5e09678a7fcd0004c798bd6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-10T15:37:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Gabriela Fernandes Samico.pdf: 726920 bytes, checksum: 6b47b0e0b5e09678a7fcd0004c798bd6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-13 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil. / The passionfruit (Passiflora edulis, F. flavicarpa, Deg) it is fruit originary of America Tropical, that deserves prominence for the sensorial characteristics of the juice that produces, traditionally consumed in natural way or industrialized, being important source of minerals and vitamins, as calcium, phosphorous and vitamin C. Brazil is the main producing and consuming country of passionfruit. The excellent acceptance of this juice has been responsible for the increment of culture of passionfruit, the industries extracting machines only use to advantage the pulp, that represents about 30% of the weight of the fruit, the remain, peel and seeds, that according to some authors, 70% of the all up weight correspond, when used in the feeding of animals are not thrown in the garbage, without no treatment, causing serious problems to the ecosystem, with consequences in the health of the bordering population. This work had objective to develop technology for oil obtention of seeds of passionfruit feeding human being and to characterize its physical and chemical properties, and to evaluate proteinic and energy the mineral content, of the defatted deeds, effluent of this process and uses it in the cookie elaboration. The analyses had disclosed that the seed of passionfruit partially dehydrated contained 1.7% of oil, consisting of 14,64% of oleic acid and 69.73% of linoleic acid. Tests of oxidation of this fraction showed that the OSI of this oil was of 11h. The defatted seeds have 8.44% of humidity on average, 0.71% of reducing carbohydrates, 1.82% of not reducing carbohydrates, 4.22% of starch, 31.42% of protein, 1.18% of lipids, 3.64% of soluble fibers, 64.30% of insoluble fibers and 1.38% of leached ashes. The sensorial tests show the preference for the formularization that contained 8% of Flour of seed taken away the fat of passionfruit. The perspective of exploitation of this residue of the manufacter process, will become the agro-industrial one of passionfruit more income-producing, since they also exist alternative viable of exploitation of the rind, with this, is possible to implant in the agroindustry of passionfruit, so dreamed clean technology. / O maracuj? (Passiflora edulis, f. flavicarpa, Deg) ? um fruto origin?rio da Am?rica Tropical, que merece destaque pelas caracter?sticas sensoriais do suco que produz,, tradicionalmente consumido ao natural ou industrializado, sendo importante fonte de minerais e vitaminas, como c?lcio, f?sforo e vitamina C. O Brasil ? o principal pa?s produtor e consumidor de maracuj?-amarelo. A excelente aceita??o desse suco tem sido respons?vel pelo incremento de cultivo de maracuj?, que para sua obten??o, as ind?strias extratoras aproveitam somente a polpa, que representa cerca de 30% do peso do fruto, o restante, casca e sementes, que segundo alguns autores, correspondem a 70% do peso total, quando n?o utilizadas na alimenta??o de animais s?o jogadas no lixo, sem nenhum tratamento, causando s?rios problemas ao ecossistema, com reflexos na sa?de das popula??es lim?trofes aos descartes. Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver tecnologia para obten??o de ?leo de sementes de maracuj? para alimenta??o humana e caracterizar suas propriedades f?sicas e qu?micas, e avaliar o conte?do mineral, prot?ico e energ?tico da torta desengordurada, efluente desse processo e utiliza-lo na elabora??o de biscoito tipo ?cookie?. As an?lises revelaram que a semente de maracuj? parcialmente desidratada continha 26% de ?leo, constitu?do de 14,64% de ?cido ol?ico e 69,73% de ?cido linol?ico. Testes de oxida??o desta fra??o mostraram que o ?ndice de estabilidade oxidativa deste ?leo foi de 11horas. A torta possui em m?dia 8,44 % de umidade, 0,71% de glic?dios redutores, 1,82% de glic?dios n?o redutores, 4,22% de amido, 31,42% de prote?na, 1,18% de lip?deos, 3,64% de fibras sol?veis, 64,30% de fibras insol?veis e 1,38% de cinzas. Os testes sensoriais apresentaram a prefer?ncia pela formula??o que continha 8% de Farinha de semente desengordurada de maracuj?. A perspectiva de aproveitamento desse res?duo do processo fabril, tornar? a agroindustrial do maracuj? mais rent?vel, j? que existem tamb?m alternativas vi?veis de aproveitamento das casca, com isso, ? poss?vel implantar no agroneg?cio do maracuj?, a t?o sonhada tecnologia limpa.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-05-11T13:46:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Renata Kazuko Sakai.pdf: 1267056 bytes, checksum: 688ad78c0490ec2ff8c2c641467143d0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-11T13:46:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Renata Kazuko Sakai.pdf: 1267056 bytes, checksum: 688ad78c0490ec2ff8c2c641467143d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-22 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil. / Artificial feeding of ticks can be used to study the relationship between vectors and pathogens, biological aspects, to test acaricides and to minimize the use of animals in scientific studies. The objectives of this study were artificially feeding through capillary tubes, females partially engorged of Rhipicephalus sanguineus previously fed on rabbits and dogs. In addition, the gain in weight of females and the influence of the technique in the biological aspects of non-parasitic phase of this species were also analyzed. Partially engorged females of R. sanguineus were obtained from infestation in rabbits and dogs in different intervals of initial weights and fed artificially for 24 hours to assess the best weight gains for the next stage. Female ticks with the best gains in weight were obtained on rabbits and dogs were separated into five groups of homogeneous weight, between 35 and 80mg and 21 to 50mg, respectively. The females were fixed in polystyrene tray with double-sided tape and fed artificially through capillary tubes for 6, 12, 24, 36 and 42 hours with citrated canine blood. After artificial feeding, ticks were again weighed to analyze the weight gain. Subsequently, they were fixed in Petri dishes and incubated at 27?1?C and humidity above 80%, in order to analyze the biological aspects. Control groups were obtained from natural fall of rabbits and dogs and the ticks were kept under the same conditions of temperature and humidity. For the statistical analysis, ANOVA and Tukey test were used for quantitative variables. In addition, the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis was applied for qualitative variables, both with 5% of significance level. After 36 hours of artificial feeding there were difference statistically significant between groups, in relation to weight gain, for both females obtained from rabbits and dogs. Although the females of R. sanguineus had not been submitted to complete engorgement, the technique of artificial feeding of females derived from rabbits and dogs, no deleterious effects on the biological aspects of non-parasitic stage were observed. / A alimenta??o artificial de carrapatos pode ser utilizada para estudar a rela??o entre vetores e agentes patog?nicos, aspectos biol?gicos, para testar acaricidas e para minimizar a utiliza??o de animais em estudos cient?ficos. Os objetivos deste estudo foram alimentar artificialmente, por meio de tubos capilares, f?meas parcialmente ingurgitadas do carrapato Rhipicephalus sanguineus previamente alimentadas em coelhos e c?es. Al?m disso, foram analisados tamb?m o ganho de peso das f?meas e a influ?ncia da t?cnica nos aspectos biol?gicos da fase n?o parasit?ria desta esp?cie. F?meas parcialmente ingurgitadas de R. sanguineus foram obtidas de infesta??o em coelhos e c?es, em diferentes faixas de pesos iniciais e alimentadas artificialmente por 24 horas, para avaliar os melhores ganhos de peso para a pr?xima etapa. F?meas de carrapatos com os melhores ganhos de peso obtidas de infesta??o em coelhos e c?es, foram separadas em cinco grupos de peso homog?neo, pesando entre 35 a 80 mg e 21 a 50 mg, respectivamente. As f?meas foram fixadas em bandeja de isopor com fita adesiva dupla face e alimentadas artificialmente por meio de tubos capilares por 6, 12, 24, 36 e 42 horas, com sangue canino citratado. Ap?s alimenta??o artificial, os carrapatos foram pesados para avaliar o ganho de peso. Posteriormente, foram fixados em Placas de Petri e mantidos em estufa a 27?1?C e umidade superior a 80%, para avaliar os aspectos biol?gicos. Os grupos controles foram obtidos de queda natural de coelhos e c?es e mantidos nas mesmas condi??es de temperatura e umidade. Para an?lise estat?stica das vari?veis quantitativas foram utilizada an?lise de vari?ncia e teste de Tukey e para as vari?veis qualitativas foram utilizados o teste n?o param?trico Kruskal-Wallis, ambas com n?vel de signific?ncia de 5%. A partir de 36 horas de alimenta??o artificial foi observada diferen?a estat?stica significativa entre os grupos, em rela??o ao ganho de peso, tanto para f?meas obtidas de coelhos e de c?es. Embora as f?meas de R. sanguineus n?o tenham apresentado ingurgitamento total, a t?cnica de alimenta??o artificial de f?meas oriundas de coelhos e de c?es, n?o apresentou efeitos delet?rios sobre os aspectos biol?gicos da fase n?o parasit?ria.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-05-18T18:24:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Renato Machado Aquino.pdf: 1434016 bytes, checksum: 3679650b2f036e3b85b93c090450ba7d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-18T18:24:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Renato Machado Aquino.pdf: 1434016 bytes, checksum: 3679650b2f036e3b85b93c090450ba7d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-29 / Brazil and Argentina amongst the world?s ten leading countries in honey exports. The two countries share in this commodity exports was about US$ 220 million dollars in 2011. Argentina is one of the world?s greatest producers, having reached 83,121 tons that year. That means that apiculture is a relevant activity to both countries? agrobusiness network. All this amount of production and equivalente input were consequence of the joint effort of producers, research centres and development agencies. Thus, mathematical models which may allow a better understanding of honey production over time, under many factors influence, might be na important planning tool for the many actors involved in this scene. The aim of this work is to develop mathematical models, defined by ordinary differential equations, whose numerical solutions and parameters may allow one to have information about a certain municipality?s honey production. The central hipotesis is that it is possible to assess and predict a municipality?s honey production, by using mathematical models. A secondary hipotesis would be that these models? paremeters could be important indices to this productive activity. The models deveploped here were based in Lucas Growth Model, which takes into account that human capital as an endogenous fundamental growth component. The parameter rescue and the models numerical solving were implemented through a software in Fortran 95 programming language. The software main guideline was to allow solutions to the models so that it was possible to offer anoptimalmuniciplaity?s honey production description, in a certain time period. The solution fitting of the system of differential equaions which define the models was made through a nonlinear least squares method. The solver to this method was BOBYQA, a software presented in Powell (2009). This algorithm was developed in Fortran 77, is derivative free and accepts box constraints. The model validation was made in two steps: in the first it was validated gedanken honey production data. In the second the models were applied to eightenn municipalities which represented honey production in Rio de Janeiro State microregions. Fifteen among the researched had good model fitting. There was no fitting in three cases of anomalous production.This way, the results allow one to conclude that the developed models may be efficient instruments to honey agorbusiness managers, by allowing good production predictions under certain conditions and crop estimate in harvest periods. Moreover, they may start important research about technology and productivity in this economic activity. / Brasil e Argentina est?o entre os dez maiores exportadores mundiais de mel. A atividade de exporta??o desse produto rendeu aos dois pa?ses, em 2011, algo em torno de US$ 224 milh?es. A Argentina ? um dos primeiros produtores mundiais, tendo produzido 83.121 toneladas, em n?meros de 2011. Isso significa que a apicultura ? uma atividade de vulto para o universo do agroneg?cio de ambos os pa?ses. Todo esse volume de produ??o e o montante angariado pelos dois pa?ses s?o frutos do esfor?o conjunto de produtores, centros de pesquisa e ?rg?os de fomento etc. Portanto, modelos matem?ticos que possibilitem melhor compreens?o do comportamento da produ??o de mel ao longo do tempo, sob a influ?ncia de diversos fatores, podem ser importantes instrumentos de planejamento para diversos atores nesse cen?rio. O objetivo deste trabalho ? desenvolver modelos matem?ticos, definidos por sistemas de equa??es diferenciais ordin?rias, cujas solu??es num?ricas e par?metros possam permitir a obten??o informa??es a respeito da produ??o de mel de determinadalocalidade.A hip?tese central ? a de que ? poss?vel prever e avaliar a produ??o de dada localidade, utilizando modelos matem?ticos. Uma hip?tese secund?ria seria a de que os par?metros desses modelos poderiam ser importantes indicadores a respeito da atividade produtiva.Os modelos aqui elaborados tiveram como base o Modelo de Lucas para o crescimento econ?mico de longo prazo, que leva em conta o capital humano como elemento end?geno fundamental de crescimento. A recupera??o dos par?metros e a obten??o das solu??esnum?ricas para os modelos foram implementadas atrav?s de software na linguagem Fortran 95.O princ?pio norteador do software foi o de fornecer solu??es para os modelos que oferecessem uma descri??o ?tima da produ??o de uma certa localidade, durante um certo per?odo de tempo.Para os ajustes da solu??o do sistema de equa??es diferenciais que definem os modelos, foi utilizado um m?todo dos quadrados m?nimos n?o linear. O solver para este m?todo foi o algoritmo apresentado em Powell (2009), denominado BOBYQA. Esse algoritmo foi escrito em Fortran 77, sendo livre de derivadas e aceitando restri??es de caixa. A valida??o do modelo foi feita em duas etapas: na primeira,ajustou-se o modelo adadosgedanken de produ??o de mel. Na segunda etapa os modelos foram aplicados ? produ??o de dezoito munic?pios representativos, em produ??o mel?fera, das microrregi?es em que o Estado do Rio de Janeiro est? dividido. Houve bom ajuste dos modelos em 15 dos munic?pios pesquisados. S? n?o houve ajuste nos tr?s casos em que a produ??o mostrou-se an?mala. Dessa forma, os resultados permitem concluir que os modelos desenvolvidos podem servir de instrumento eficaz para os gestores do agroneg?cio do mel, podendo inclusive fornecer boas previs?es de produ??o sob certas condi??es e estimativas de safra em per?odos de colheita. Al?m do mais, podem abrir front importante de pesquisa a respeito da tecnologia e produtividade empregadas nesta atividade econ?mica.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2018-08-08T13:06:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Ana Carolina Marques de Oliveira.pdf: 2679291 bytes, checksum: 45f07178e07bd1ba891d59c35b4f71a7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T13:06:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Ana Carolina Marques de Oliveira.pdf: 2679291 bytes, checksum: 45f07178e07bd1ba891d59c35b4f71a7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-30 / In a scenery of lack of financial and human resources for the protected areas management, and great anthropic pressure in the territory around them, the mosaics of protected areas rise as a strategies to enforce their implementation and improve their management. By involving protected areas from different spheres of government, private protected areas, and representatives of civil society, mosaics are an integrated management figure of the territory that requires great effort of articulation and present a singular complexity for a management which is indeed participatory. The mosaics are managed by councils composed of representatives of government and civil society, with the conduction by a coordination and executive secretariat. Often, the lack of financial and human resources dedicated to its management makes the work of mosaics of protected areas intermittent. This leads to its destructuring and reduces its capacity of action and articulation for environmental management of the territory. Furthermore, as an instrument of public policy, it is important that the effectiveness of the mosaics be periodically evaluated and improved. This study aims to evaluate this management effectiveness and verify the common potentials and challenges in the management of Mosaics of Protected Areas. This evaluation was made by applying the Gidsick?s protocol (2013), adapted by Hermmann e Costa (2015). The results showed that the Central Fluminense and Mico-le?o-dourado mosaics show medium effectiveness, the Carioca and Bocaina mosaics show low effectiveness and the Mantiqueira mosaic shows no effectiveness on its management. Besides that, all of them show to be effective on their governance, but with serious difficulties in the management scope, which affects the capacity of execution and effectiveness of the sociodiversity and biodiversity aspects. Comparisons were made between the mosaics studied to support the elaboration of proposals for their improvement, using cluster analysis and a qualitative matrix of effectiveness. The proposals developed should be discussed and accepted by the mosaic councils and adapted by them so that they can be implemented. The strengthening of mosaics will only be achieved through actions involving a real partnership between government and civil society, with a division of responsibilities and activities so that this conservation tool can function efficiently. However, it is essential that the government and civil society take joint responsibility for this conservation instrument to function efficiently. / Em um cen?rio de car?ncia de recursos financeiros e humanos para a gest?o de unidades de conserva??o, e de grande press?o antr?pica nos territ?rios que as envolvem, os Mosaicos de ?reas Protegidas surgem como uma das estrat?gias para fortalecer a implementa??o e aprimorar a gest?o das mesmas. Por envolver Unidades de Conserva??o de diferentes esferas de governo, ?reas particulares e representantes da sociedade civil, os mosaicos s?o uma figura de gest?o integrada do territ?rio que exige grande esfor?o de articula??o e apresentam uma complexidade singular para a gest?o participativa de fato. Os mosaicos s?o geridos por colegiado composto por representantes do governo e da sociedade civil, com a condu??o por uma coordena??o e secretaria executiva. Muitas vezes, a falta de recursos financeiros e humanos dedicados ? sua gest?o faz com que o trabalho dos mosaicos de ?reas protegidas se mostre intermitente. Isto leva ? sua desestrutura??o e reduz sua capacidade de atua??o e articula??o para gest?o ambiental do territ?rio. Al?m disso, como instrumento de pol?tica p?blica, ? importante que a efetividade dos mosaicos seja periodicamente avaliada e melhorada. Este estudo visa avaliar a efetividade de gest?o e verificar as potencialidades e os desafios comuns na gest?o dos Mosaicos de ?reas Protegidas no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Esta avalia??o foi realizada com base no Protocolo de Gidsicki (2013), adaptado por Hermmann e Costa (2015). Os resultados mostraram que os mosaicos Central Fluminense e Mico Le?o Dourado apresentam efetividade m?dia, Carioca e Bocaina efetividade baixa, e Mantiqueira n?o apresenta efetividade. Apesar disso, todos se mostram efetivos no aspecto de governan?a, mas com dificuldades no ?mbito gest?o, o que afeta a capacidade de execu??o e a efetividade nos ?mbitos sociodiversidade e biodiversidade. Foram tra?adas compara??es entre os mosaicos estudados para embasar a elabora??o de propostas para o seu fortalecimento, utilizando an?lise de agrupamento e matriz qualitativa de efetividade. As propostas desenvolvidas devem ser discutidas e aceitas pelos conselhos de mosaico e adaptadas por eles para que possam ser implementadas. O fortalecimento dos mosaicos s? ser? alcan?ado por meio de a??es que envolvam uma parceria real entre governo e sociedade civil, com divis?o de responsabilidades e atividades para que este instrumento de conserva??o possa funcionar de maneira eficiente.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2018-08-14T12:35:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Cristiana Maia de Oliveira.pdf: 3631492 bytes, checksum: d4d9d115590b3750ed24bebb16823dea (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T12:35:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Cristiana Maia de Oliveira.pdf: 3631492 bytes, checksum: d4d9d115590b3750ed24bebb16823dea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Among the main diseases which affects tomato plants there is Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL). Control of this disease is difficult due to the farmer?s specialization in the crop, pathogen ability to survive in the soil for long periods and physiological specialization of the pathogen in races. Three races of the pathogen have been described in Brazil, 1, 2 and 3, being the 3 of more restricted occurrence. The main strategy to control this disease is the use of resistant cultivars to the races present in the region. Nova Friburgo, RJ, an important tomato producing region during the summer, shows serious problems with plant diseases caused by common soil pathogens and soil management. For this reason, the present work was developed based on the collection of soil and plants samples in 41 farm family units, aiming to study different aspects related to Fusarium wilt in the region. The presentation of the work and the results obtained was divided into four chapters. In Chapter 1, a survey on the occurrence of the disease in the farm unities and identification of the predominant races was presented. In Chapter 2, studies on the incidence and distribution of the disease, as well as, evaluation of the most planted cultivars for resistance to the three races of FOL was presented. In the Chapter 3, we have showed studies on the management practices adopted by the farmers and their relations with soil fertility, plant nutrition and disease severity. Finally, in Chapter 4, 100 tomato accessions were evaluated regarding cultivar resistance to the three races of the pathogen. The accessions were obtained in the germplasm collection of the Department of Crop Science of the UFRRJ. Among the main results, we could identify the generalized occurrence of race 3 of FOL in the region, as well as, that most of the planted cultivars are susceptible to this race. The management practices adopted by the farmers contribute to the dissemination and survival of the pathogen the selection of race 3 due to the use of resistant cultivars to races 1 and 2 only. Finally, from the tomato accessions evaluated, five were resistant to races 1 and 2 of FOL and no resistant access to race 3 was identified / Dentre as principais doen?as do tomateiro est? a murcha-de-fus?rio causada por Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL). O seu controle ? dificultado pelo cultivo sucessivo do tomateiro (Solanum lycopersicum L.) por produtores especializados na cultura, pela capacidade de sobreviv?ncia do pat?geno no solo por longos per?odos e pela presen?a de ra?as do pat?geno. At? ent?o j? foram descritas tr?s ra?as do pat?geno no Brasil (1, 2 e 3) sendo a ra?a 3 de ocorr?ncia mais restrita. A principal estrat?gia para controle da doen?a ? o uso de cultivares resistentes ?(s) ra?a(s) presentes na regi?o. O munic?pio de Nova Friburgo, RJ, importante regi?o produtora de tomate no ver?o, apresenta s?rios problemas com doen?as causadas por pat?genos habitantes do solo, que se intensificam devido a pr?ticas inadequadas de manejo de solo. Diante disto, desenvolveu-se o presente trabalho tendo como base a coleta de amostras de solo e de plantas em 41 unidades familiares visando estudar diferentes aspectos relacionados ? murcha-de-fus?rio na regi?o. A apresenta??o do trabalho e dos resultados obtidos foi dividida em quatro cap?tulos. No Cap?tulo 1, s?o apresentados estudos com o levantamento sobre a ocorr?ncia da doen?a nas propriedades e de identifica??o das ra?as predominantes. No Cap?tulo 2, s?o apresentados estudos sobre a incid?ncia e distribui??o da doen?a e avalia??o das cultivares mais plantadas quanto a resist?ncia ?s tr?s ra?as de FOL. No Cap?tulo 3, s?o apresentados os estudos sobre as pr?ticas de manejo adotadas pelos produtores e as suas rela??es com a fertilidade do solo, nutri??o das plantas e severidade da doen?a. E finalmente, no Cap?tulo 4 ? descrita a avalia??o de cerca de 100 acessos de tomateiro da cole??o de germoplasma do Departamento de Fitotecnia da UFRRJ quanto ? resist?ncia ?s tr?s ra?as do pat?geno. Entre os principais resultados obtidos pode-se destacar a constata??o de ocorr?ncia generalizada da ra?a 3 de FOL na regi?o e a confirma??o de que a maioria das cultivares plantadas s?o suscet?veis a esta ra?a. Constatou-se, ainda, que as pr?ticas de manejo adotadas pelos produtores contribuem para a dissemina??o e sobreviv?ncia do pat?geno e para sele??o da ra?a 3 devido ao uso de cultivares resistentes ?s ra?as 1 e 2. Por fim, na avalia??o dos acessos de tomateiro da UFRRJ, identificaram-se cinco acessos resistentes ?s ra?as 1 e 2 de FOL e nenhum acesso resistente ? ra?a 3.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2018-08-16T14:12:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Gerhard Valkinir Cabreira.pdf: 1076645 bytes, checksum: 61bdbca123cd46ef5ee16794ef55fd17 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T14:12:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Gerhard Valkinir Cabreira.pdf: 1076645 bytes, checksum: 61bdbca123cd46ef5ee16794ef55fd17 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-17 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / One of the ways to promote forest restoration is through the planting of shrub and tree species for the formation of forest stands. For this, it is necessary to obtain quality seedlings, as it will provide greater capacity to withstand the adverse conditions found in the field; and this quality is closely related to the choice of container type and substrate. Among the products with potential of use as substrate for the production of the forest seedlings is the stabilized sewage sludge (biosolid). A solid waste from Sewage Treatment Plants, rich in organic matter and nutrients, which allows an increase in nursery production, cost reduction and an adequate form of solid waste recycling. In this context, the first part of this study had the objective of evaluating the growth of seedlings of three forest species produced in tubes of 110 and 280 cm3, with increasing doses of controlled release fertilizer applied to biosolids as substrate base. Also, the survival and initial growth of these seedlings after planting were evaluated. In this analysis, the results showed that the seedlings of the three species responded positively to the addition of controlled release fertilizer to the biosolids. Field planting showed good survival and seedling growth, indicating that it was better to produce seedlings of the three species in 280 cm3 tubes with 3 kg of controlled release fertilizer N-P-K (15-09-12) per m3 of biosolids, applied at the time of filling of the tubes. From the results of the biosolids in the nursery, the objective was to evaluate the use of biosolids as fertilizer in field conditions, comparing them to the use of mineral fertilization, using two forest species with controlled growth and response. In the first months after planting, there was basically no significant difference between the use of biosolids and mineral fertilization / Uma das maneiras de impulsionar a restaura??o florestal ? com o plantio de esp?cies arbustivas e arb?reas para a forma??o dos povoamentos florestais. Para isso, faz-se necess?rio a obten??o de mudas de qualidade, pois ir? proporcionar maior capacidade de resistirem ?s condi??es adversas encontradas no campo; e essa qualidade est? intimamente relacionada ? escolha do tipo de recipiente e do substrato. Dentre os produtos com potencial de uso como substrato para produ??o das mudas florestais tem-se o lodo de esgoto estabilizado (bioss?lido). Um res?duo s?lido oriundo das Esta??es de Tratamento de Esgoto (ETEs), rico em mat?ria org?nica e nutrientes e que possibilita aumento na produ??o dos viveiros, diminui??o de custos, al?m de constituir uma forma adequada de reciclagem de res?duos s?lidos. Nesse contexto, a primeira parte desse estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o crescimento de mudas de tr?s esp?cies florestais produzidas em tubetes de 110 e de 280 cm3, com doses crescentes de fertilizante de libera??o controlada N-P-K (15-09-12) aplicados ao bioss?lido como substrato base. Tamb?m, foi avaliado a sobreviv?ncia e crescimento inicial destas mudas ap?s plantio. Nessa an?lise, os resultados mostraram que as mudas das tr?s esp?cies responderam positivamente ao acr?scimo de fertilizante de libera??o controlada junto ao bioss?lido. O plantio em campo apresentou boa sobreviv?ncia e crescimento das mudas, indicando ser melhor produzir mudas das tr?s esp?cies, em tubetes de 280 cm3 com 3 kg de fetilizante de libera??o controla N-P-K (15-09-12) por m3 de bioss?lido, aplicados na ?poca de enchimento dos tubetes. A partir dos resultados que o bioss?lido apresentava no viveiro, buscou-se avaliar o uso do bioss?lido como aduba??o de plantio em condi??es de campo, comparando ao uso de fertiliza??o mineral, utilizando duas esp?cies florestais de crescimento e resposta controlada. Nos primeiros meses ap?s o plantio, basicamente n?o houve diferen?a significativa entre o uso de bioss?lido e fertiliza??o mineral