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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
371

A economia solid?ria e os bancos comunit?rios de desenvolvimento: a experi?ncia de S?o Miguel do Gostoso / The solidarity economy and the community development banks: the experience of S?o Miguel do Gostoso

Cad?, Emanoel Nazareno 15 August 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-01-16T16:44:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EmanoelNazarenoCado_DISSERT.pdf: 1523920 bytes, checksum: c4957df6e34b3afefdad241edb1eebd2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-18T15:42:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 EmanoelNazarenoCado_DISSERT.pdf: 1523920 bytes, checksum: c4957df6e34b3afefdad241edb1eebd2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-18T15:42:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EmanoelNazarenoCado_DISSERT.pdf: 1523920 bytes, checksum: c4957df6e34b3afefdad241edb1eebd2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O objeto central do presente trabalho s?o os processos de autonomia e heteronomia dos Bancos Comunit?rios de Desenvolvimento (BCDs) por meio do recorte dado ao estudo da trajet?ria da experi?ncia denominada de Banco Solid?rio do Gostoso (BSG), com l?cus na Comunidade de Tabua, Munic?pio de S?o Miguel do Gostoso/RN, no per?odo que vai de 2011 at? o ano de 2015. Para tanto, definimos como objetivo geral da pesquisa analisar a articula??o entre os processos de autonomia e heteronomia na trajet?ria do Banco Solid?rio do Gostoso, com base nas dimens?es: econ?mico-pol?tica, t?cnico-institucional e sociopedag?gica dessa experi?ncia. Quanto ao m?todo de investiga??o, nos definimos pelo materialismo hist?rico-dial?tico na perspectiva quanti-qualitativa ou mista. Como t?cnicas de pesquisas, trabalhamos com a an?lise documental e bibliogr?fica, 01 (um) grupo focal, aplicado junto ?s mulheres da AMJP e 05 (cinco) entrevistas semiestruturadas, aplicadas junto ao empreendedor benefici?rio, ao gestor representante da AMJP, ao t?cnico representante da organiza??o proponente ? Associa??o de Apoio ?s Comunidades do Campo (AACC), ao t?cnico representante da Incubadora Tecnol?gica de Economia Solid?ria e Gest?o do Desenvolvimento Territorial (ITES) e ao professor do Departamento de Servi?o Social da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), pesquisador da tem?tica e ex-gestor da Secretaria Nacional de Economia solid?ria (SENAES). A hermen?utica-dial?tica foi o m?todo de an?lise escolhido para trabalharmos com o material apanhado durante o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. Quanto aos resultados alcan?ados, duas considera??es: 1) os limites de operacionaliza??o do banco impostos pelo mercado, o processo de institucionaliza??o dos movimentos sociais com suas limita??es legais e a prioriza??o dos processos formativos voltados ? natureza das pr?ticas empreendidas pelos BCDs no seu territ?rio e ao aperfei?oamento das ferramentas de gest?o dos BCDs nos revelam uma heteromia no curso de implanta??o e desenvolvimento do BSG, com consequ?ncias negativas ?s condi??es emancipat?rias dos que vivem naquela comunidade. 2) O nosso entendimento ? que o processo degenerativo de experi?ncias como a de Tabua se funda n?o s? na resist?ncia da ordem, dada a vincula??o da forma Estado ? forma economia, mas, tamb?m, na heterogeneidade de conforma??o da economia solid?ria no Brasil, a qual termina por fragilizar e desequilibrar a correla??o de for?as entre o capital e o trabalho. / The central objective of the present work is the autonomy and heteronomy processes of the Community Development Banks (BCDs) through the study of the trajectory of the experience called Solidary Bank of the Gostoso (BSG), with a locus in the Community of Tabua, Of S?o Miguel do Gostoso / RN, in the period from 2011 to 2015. For this purpose, we defined as a general objective of the research to analyze the articulation between the autonomy and heteronomy processes in the Banco Solid?rio do Gostoso trajectory, based on the Dimensions: economic-political, technical-institutional and sociopedagogical of this experience. As for the method of investigation, we define ourselves by historical-dialectical materialism in the quantitative-qualitative or mixed perspective. As research techniques, we worked with documentary and bibliographical analysis, 01 (one) focus group, applied to AMJP women and 05 (five) semi-structured interviews, applied to the beneficiary entrepreneur, AMJP representative manager, (AACC), the representative of the Technological Incubator of Solidarity Economy and Management of Territorial Development (ITES) and the professor of the Department of Social Service of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) , Researcher of the subject and former manager of the National Secretariat of Solidarity Economy (SENAES). Hermeneutic-dialectic was the method of analysis chosen to work with the material caught during the development of the research. Regarding the results achieved, two considerations are: 1) the bank's operationalization limits imposed by the market, the process of institutionalization of social movements with their legal limitations, and the prioritization of training processes focused on the nature of the practices undertaken by BCDs in their territory and Improvement of the management tools of the BCDs reveals a heteromy in the course of implementation and development of the BSG, with negative consequences to the emancipatory conditions of those living in that community. 2) Our understanding is that the degenerative process of experiences such as that of Tabua are based not only on the resistance of order, given the linkage of the State form to the economy form, but also, in the heterogeneity of the conformation of the solidarity economy in Brazil, the Which ends up weakening and unbalancing the correlation of forces between capital and labor.
372

Reconstru????o de hist??rias de nascimentos a partir de dados censit??rios: aspectos te??ricos e evid??ncias emp??ricas

Miranda-Ribeiro, Adriana de January 2007 (has links)
Submitted by Gustavo Gomes (gustavolascasas@gmail.com) on 2013-09-04T12:41:26Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Reconstru????o de Hist??rias de Nascimentos a partir de dados censit??rios.pdf: 1547221 bytes, checksum: 2387cf4fab6247aeacc0a867189dffcc (MD5) license_rdf: 23599 bytes, checksum: 9e2b7f6edbd693264102b96ece20428a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Roger Guedes (roger.guedes@fjp.mg.gov.br) on 2013-09-04T16:59:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Reconstru????o de Hist??rias de Nascimentos a partir de dados censit??rios.pdf: 1547221 bytes, checksum: 2387cf4fab6247aeacc0a867189dffcc (MD5) license_rdf: 23599 bytes, checksum: 9e2b7f6edbd693264102b96ece20428a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-04T16:59:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Reconstru????o de Hist??rias de Nascimentos a partir de dados censit??rios.pdf: 1547221 bytes, checksum: 2387cf4fab6247aeacc0a867189dffcc (MD5) license_rdf: 23599 bytes, checksum: 9e2b7f6edbd693264102b96ece20428a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Funda????o Jo??o Pinheiro / Durante a segunda metade do s??culo XX, o Brasil passou por um r??pido, surpreendente e generalizado processo de decl??nio da fecundidade, sem o pren??ncio de mudan??as s??cio-econ??micas, estruturais e de pol??ticas de planejamento familiar expl??citas. Os n??veis cada vez mais baixos da fecundidade no pa??s colocam novos desafios. Um desses desafios est?? relacionado ?? mensura????o da fecundidade. Apesar da boa qualidade dos dados censit??rios brasileiros, os debates acerca das tend??ncias da fecundidade ficam limitados ?? an??lise das medidas tradicionais, devido ?? menor qualidade dos registros de nascimentos e ?? aus??ncia de boas hist??rias de nascimentos. Na medida em que a fecundidade declina e as mudan??as passam ocorrer em um ritmo mais lento, novas dimens??es assumem um papel importante nas an??lises sobre a fecundidade. O objetivo principal deste trabalho ?? o de aplicar duas metodologias de reconstru????o de hist??ria de nascimentos ??? uma metodologia em desenvolvimento no Cedeplar e outra metodologia desenvolvida por Luther & Cho (1986) ??? aos dados censit??rios brasileiros de 2000, comparar e testar a confiabilidade dos resultados. Pretende-se, com isso, determinar a metodologia mais adequada ao caso brasileiro e buscar um melhor aproveitamento das bases de dados dispon??veis, no que concerne a formas alternativas de estima????o da fecundidade. Os objetivos espec??ficos s??o: (i) aplicar a metodologia de reconstru????o de hist??rias de nascimentos mais adequada ao caso brasileiro aos dados dos Censos Demogr??ficos de 1980 e 1991; (ii) aplicar o M??todo dos Filhos Pr??prios ??s tr??s ??ltimas edi????es do Censo Demogr??fico brasileiro ??? 1980, 1991 e 2000; (iii) comparar as s??ries hist??ricas de TFT pelas hist??rias de nascimentos com a s??rie produzida pelo M??todo dos Filhos Pr??prios; (iv) aplicar o modelo proposto por Kohler & Ortega, que dissocia os efeitos sobre a fecundidade em tr??s componentes ??? tempo, quantum e composi????o ???, utilizando as bases de dados das hist??rias de nascimentos; (v) calcular medidas alternativas de fecundidade de per??odo, baseadas em probabilidades de nascimento. Os resultados sugerem que a metodologia de reconstru????o de hist??rias de nascimentos desenvolvida no Cedeplar ?? a mais satisfat??ria para o caso do Brasil por ter produzido melhores resultados quando aplicada aos dados do Censo Demogr??fico de 2000. Os resultados da aplica????o aos dados censit??rios de 1980 e 1991 tamb??m foram satisfat??rios, quando comparados aos resultados do M??todo dos Filhos Pr??prios. A aplica????o do modelo de K??hler e Ortega e a determina????o de indicadores alternativos de fecundidade de per??odo sugerem que o decl??nio da fecundidade no Brasil foi acompanhado por um efeito tempo negativo e um efeito parturi????o significativo. Ao final dos anos 1990, os resultados indicam que ?? prov??vel que o Brasil entre no processo de posterga????o da fecundidade, com predomin??ncia de efeito tempo. A se confirmar este cen??rio, a fecundidade observada no Brasil atingir?? n??veis bem mais baixos do que os j?? observados. / Brazil has experienced a steady fertility decline during the last fifty years, despite the lack of socioeconomic and structural changes or any explicit family planning policies. The low fertility levels leads to new challenges, one of them related to fertility measurement. Although Brazil has very good quality census data, the debate on future fertility trends and their political/economic consequences has been limited by the lack of good quality birth histories and vital registration. The only empirical evidence used by the experts is the measurement of period TFRs (incidence rates). As fertility reaches lower levels, new dimensions assume an important role in fertility analysis ??? for instance, the current debate about tempo and quantum. Taking those dimensions into consideration is crucial for understanding the fertility transition in Brazil. The main objective of this dissertation is to determine the more satisfactory methodology of birth history reconstruction to the Brazilian case in 2000, based on two methodologies ??? one being developed at Cedeplar, and one elaborated by Luther and Cho (1986). Data come from the Brazilian Demographic Census. The specific objectives of this dissertation are: (i) to apply the more satisfactory birth history reconstruction methodology to the 1980 and 1991 Brazilian Demographic Censuses; (ii) to apply the Own Children Method to the last three editions of the Brazilian demographic censuses; (iii) to compare the TFR series produced by the birth history reconstruction methodology to the series produced by the Own Children Method ; (iv) to apply the K??hler and Ortega method to disentangle tempo and parity composition effects from the observed TFR; and (v) to determine alternative period fertility measures, based on birth probabilities. Results suggest that the methodology of birth history reconstruction developed at Cedeplar ??? HNM ??? is more satisfactory to the Brazilian case, as it produced better results when applied to the 2000 Brazilian Demographic Census. Data from the 1980 and 1991 censuses also yielded satisfactory results when compared to the Own Children Method results. The application of the K??hler and Ortega method and the determination of the alternative period fertility measures suggest that the fertility decline in Brazil was accompanied by a negative tempo effect and a significant parity composition effect. At the end of the 1990???s, the results indicate that Brazil will probably enter into the fertility postponement process with a dominant tempo effect. If this scenario is confirmed, Brazil will experience very low levels of observed TFR in the near future. / Pessoa, fam??lia e sociedade
373

Autoecologia de Baccharis platypoda DC. (Asteraceae): distribui??o espacial, fenologia e herbivoria

Fonseca, Darliana da Costa 27 July 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T13:49:38Z No. of bitstreams: 5 1.pdf: 5282104 bytes, checksum: 5079ffdcbf2b7fa8508a090d60e3bc93 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T17:37:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 1.pdf: 5282104 bytes, checksum: 5079ffdcbf2b7fa8508a090d60e3bc93 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-23T17:37:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 1.pdf: 5282104 bytes, checksum: 5079ffdcbf2b7fa8508a090d60e3bc93 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo compreender alguns par?metros acerca da hist?ria natural da esp?cie Baccharis platypoda, um arbusto dioico pertencente ? fam?lia Asteraceae, com indiv?duos masculinos e femininos que apresentam dimorfismo sexual e habitam ?reas de campo rupestre, campos e bordas de matas ciliares. Para compreender alguns pontos sobre sua autoecologia, foram analisadas a distribui??o espacial, a fenologia e as intera??es ecol?gicas entre a esp?cie e insetos end?fagos. O estudo foi realizado em tr?s ?reas pertencentes ? Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri ? UFVJM, localizados no Campus JK, pr?ximo ao C?rrego do Soberbo. A ?rea ? composta por mosaicos de vegeta??o, onde h? predom?nio de afloramentos rochosos e campos ?midos. Em cada ?rea, foram selecionados dez indiv?duos de B. platypoda, sendo cinco indiv?duos de cada sexo, onde, por um per?odo de um ano (set./2010 a set/2011) foram feitas visitas quinzenais para a observa??o dos est?gios fenol?gicos. Nesse per?odo, foram coletados cap?tulos quinzenalmente para cria??o de insetos end?fagos em recipientes vedados com algod?o e que, ap?s a eclos?o, foram conservados em ?lcool 70%; os cap?tulos foram dissecados para an?lise dos danos ?s estruturas florais. Para o estudo da distribui??o espacial, todos os indiv?duos foram localizados por meio das coordenadas x e y de cada planta, com altura ?30 cm atrav?s das dist?ncias, obtidas com uma trena, e identificados quanto ao sexo ou como jovem, pela aus?ncia de estruturas reprodutoras. O padr?o de distribui??o espacial foi determinado atrav?s da Fun??o K de Ripley univariada e bivariada, enquanto que os padr?es fenol?gicos foram determinados atrav?s da an?lise de intensidade de Fournier, correla??o de Spearman e an?lise circular. O padr?o de herbivoria foi analisado atrav?s da an?lise de regress?o linear, teste de Kruskal-Wallis e an?lise de agrupamento pelo m?todo de Two-Way-joining. Foi aplicado o teste de qui-quadrado para o estudo de distribui??o espacial e para o padr?o de herbivoria. Baccharis. platypoda apresentou padr?o agregado com varia??es em escalas diferentes para jovens e adultos e semelhan?a espacial entre indiv?duos de ambos os sexos. No entanto, a independ?ncia espacial entre os indiv?duos da esp?cie se mostrou uma constante. A fenologia reprodutiva da esp?cie esteve associada a algumas vari?veis ambientais (precipita??o e temperatura), enquanto que a fenologia vegetativa, de modo geral, apresentou-se relacionada ? fenologia reprodutiva das esp?cies. Insetos end?fagos apresentaram prefer?ncias quanto ao sexo e est?gio fenol?gico dos cap?tulos, havendo maior preda??o em cap?tulos masculinos e em est?gios mais desenvolvidos. Assim, a esp?cie apresentou correla??o entre a sua distribui??o espacial, os est?gios fenol?gicos (principalmente a fenologia reprodutiva) e os padr?es de ataque de insetos end?fagos, sugerindo a utiliza??o deste conhecimento na elabora??o de poss?veis estrat?gias de preserva??o e manejo. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT This study has as its main goal the understanding of some parameters on the natural history of the Baccharis platypoda species, a unisexual bush belonging to the Asteraceae subdivision, in which both male and female single organisms present sexual dimorphism inhabiting in rupestrian field areas, fields and woodland ciliary edges. In order to have a better understanding on some issues of its auto ecology, spatial, phenology, and ecological interactions between the species, endophage insects have been analyszed. This study took place in three areas belonging to UFVJM - Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, situated at the JK Campus, by the Soberbo Stream. The area is composed of a miscellany vegetation with the prevalence of protruding rocks and wet fields. Ten B. platypoda organisms were selected from each one of these areas, five from each gender. During one year from september, 2010 to september, 2011 biweekly inspections for the watch of phenological stages were made. During this period of time, biweekly chapters for the production of endophage insects were gathered in cotton sealed containers preserved in alcohol after emergence. The chapters were dissected for the analysis of possible floral composition damages. For the spatial distribution study all the organisms were found through the use of X and Y reference point of each plant with height of 30 cm or over, tape measured, identified as to gender or youth due to absence of reproductive compositions. The spatial distribution pattern was established through the use of Ripley's K Function univariate and bivariate, whereas the phenological patterns were determined through the analysis of Fournier intensity, Spearman's corelation and circular analysis. The herbivory pattern was analyzed through the linear regression analysis, Kruskal-Wallis's test, and the Two-Way-joining method. The chi-square test was used for the study of spatial distribution and for the herbivory pattern. Baccharis. platypoda showed aggregate pattern with variations in different ranges both for young and adults, and also spatial likeness with organisms of both genders. However, there was a steady spatial independence among the organisms of the species. The species reproductive phenology was associated to some environmental variations (precipitation and temperature), whereas the vegetative phenology as a whole was related to the reproductive species phenology. Endophage insects showed preferences as to genger and phonological chapter stages; there was more predation in male chapters in more developed stages. Thus, the species presented correlation among its spatial distribution, phenological stages (mainly the reproductive phenology) and the patterns of phenological insects, suggesting the use of this knowledge in the elaboration of possible strategies for preservation and management.
374

Avalia??o de m?todos de amostragem de indiv?duos adultos de pequi.

Bruzinga, Josiane Silva January 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T14:01:52Z No. of bitstreams: 5 10.pdf: 6025539 bytes, checksum: b46ef6243b357f2a25f6c1410eb8eb6b (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T17:48:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 10.pdf: 6025539 bytes, checksum: b46ef6243b357f2a25f6c1410eb8eb6b (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-23T17:48:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 10.pdf: 6025539 bytes, checksum: b46ef6243b357f2a25f6c1410eb8eb6b (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a efici?ncia de m?todos de amostragem para quantifica??o de indiv?duos de Caryocar brasiliensis Camb. (Pequi). A hip?tese ? que o m?todo da amostragem adaptativa cluster, seja mais eficiente na quantifica??o da densidade, do que os m?todos que n?o contemplam o padr?o de distribui??o espacial da esp?cie. Foi feito um censo dos indiv?duos adultos de pequi em uma ?rea de cerrado de 36,5 ha no Parque Estadual do Rio Preto/MG, e elaborada uma metodologia de invent?rio de prospec??o para popula??es em ?reas de formato irregular. Foram mapeados todos os indiv?duos que a 0,30 cm de altura apresentavam di?metro ? 5 cm. Para an?lise da estrutura diam?trica foram testadas as fun??es Gamma, Gamma 3p, SB de Johnson, Log-Normal, Weibull e Exponencial. E posteriormente empregado a fun??o univariada K de Ripley K(h), para verifica??o do padr?o. Constatado o padr?o agregado de distribui??o, dividiu-se o mapa em unidades de 20 ? 20 m e unidades de 20 ? 50 m, onde foram testados os diferentes procedimentos de amostragem, ora usando parcelas de 20 ? 20 m ora parcelas de 20 ? 50 m. Foram avaliados 70 procedimentos, resultado da combina??o entre tamanho de parcela; m?todo de amostragem (Amostragem Adaptativa Cluster, Amostragem Casual Simples e Amostragem Sistem?tica) e intensidade amostral. A compara??o entre eles foi feita atrav?s da an?lise da precis?o e exatid?o obtidas da m?dia das 30 simula??es de cada procedimento. N?o foi poss?vel destacar nenhum m?todo como o mais eficiente, visto que a diferen?a nas estimativas da precis?o e exatid?o entre eles foi m?nima. Rejeitando a hip?tese inicial de que a AAC seria mais eficiente na quantifica??o do pequi dos que os m?todos tradicionais. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT The?aim of this study?was to evaluate?the efficiency?of sampling methods?for the quantification of?individuals?Caryocar?brasiliensis Camb.?(Pequi).?The hypothesis is?that the method of?adaptive sampling?cluster,?is?more effective?in quantifying?the density?of?the methods?that avoid the?spatial distribution pattern?of the species. We conducted a?census of?adult?pequi?in?a savannah area?of 36.5 ha?in the Parque Estadual?do Rio Preto?/?MG, and?developed?a methodology of?prospecting?for populations?in areas?of irregular shape.?We?mapped?all?individuals who?had a?30?cm?diameter ??5 cm.?For?analysis of the?diameter structure?were tested?functions Gamma,?Gamma?3p,?SB?Johnson, Log-Normal,?Weibull?and Exponential.?And?then?employed the?univariate?Ripley's K?function?K(h) to check?the pattern.?Found?the aggregate pattern?of distribution, we divided?the map?in units of?20?? 20 m?units?of 20 ? 50?m was?tested?different?sampling procedures,?either using?plots of 20???20?m?plots?either?20 ??50?m.?We evaluated 70?procedures, resulting from the?combination of?plot size,?sampling method (Adaptive?Cluster?Sampling,?Simple Random Sampling and Systematic Sampling) and?sampling intensity.?The comparison?was made?between them?through the analysis?precision and accuracy?of the?obtained?average?of?30?simulations?of each procedure.?It was not possible?any?method such as?more efficient,?since the?difference in?precision and accuracy?of the?estimates?between them?isminimal.?Rejecting?the initial hypothesis?that the?AAC?would be more efficient?in the quantification of?the?pequi?than traditional methods.
375

Caracteriza??o de ?reas em Diamantina (MG) sob diferentes tipos de degrada??o: substrato, din?mica da vegeta??o e paisagem / Dynamics of shrub tree vegetation colonizing areas under different types of degradation in Diamantina, MG

Amaral, Wander Gladson 20 July 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T14:01:54Z No. of bitstreams: 5 20.pdf: 1561094 bytes, checksum: 910e8488121681244710dd4db32a5bd1 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-10T12:43:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 20.pdf: 1561094 bytes, checksum: 910e8488121681244710dd4db32a5bd1 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-10T12:43:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 20.pdf: 1561094 bytes, checksum: 910e8488121681244710dd4db32a5bd1 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Atividades antr?picas v?m de encontro com o paradoxo do desenvolvimento e da conserva??o. Assim a demanda por mat?ria-prima para sustentar os meios de produ??o, tem ?ntima rela??o com a explora??o dos recursos naturais, que realizada de modo inadequado e insustent?vel, gera a degrada??o do meio ambiente. Neste contexto, diante dos desafios que se apresentam para a sustentabilidade, alternativas estas, que tenham efic?cia no seu prop?sito (integra??o dos conhecimentos silviculturais e principios ecol?gicos) e retorno destas ?reas ?s condi??es pr?ximas das originais. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos estudar a din?mica da paisagem e da vegeta??o arbustivo-arb?reo em ?reas sob diferentes tipos de degradada??o em Diamantina, MG. As comunidades das ?reas degradadas pelo garimpo de diamante (ADGD) e ouro (ADGO), assim como, pelo processo de vo?orocamento (ADV) contou com 50 (10 x 10 m), 30 (10 x 10 m) e 36 (5 x 3m) parcelas respectivamente, que no primeiro invent?rio, foram amostrados todos os indiv?duos arb?reo-arbustivo vivos com DAS30 ? 3 cm. No segundo invent?rio, foram registrados os indiv?duos mortos, remensurados os sobreviventes e mensurados e identificados os indiv?duos recrutados. Foram calculadas as taxas de din?mica: mortalidade, recrutamento, ganho e perda em ?rea basal e numero de indiv?duos para cada ?rea. Os valores de H? obtidos para as ?reas foram comparados aos pares pelo teste de t de Hutcheson. Em cada parcela, foi coletada uma amostra composta do substrato superficial (0-20 cm), sendo analisados os par?metros qu?micos: pH em ?gua; teores de P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ e Al3+; complexo sortivo (acidez potencial (H +Al), satura??o por bases (V%), soma de bases (SB), CTC a pH 7 (T), CTC efetiva (t) e satura??o por alum?nio (m%)) e mat?ria org?nica (M.O); f?sicos: teores de areia, silte e argila, resist?ncia mec?nica ? penetra??o ao longo da camada de 0-30 cm, umidade, cobertura de rocha e cascalho exposto. As vari?veis ambientais foram comparadas pelo teste t para amostras independentes (P<0,05). Para analisar as correla??es entre os gradientes ambientais e vegetacionais foi empregada a An?lise de Correspond?ncia Can?nica (CCA). A ?rea estudada na din?mica da paisagem contou com 2.509,92 ha definidos entre os paralelos 7989545,95 e 7984296,35 sul e meridianos 646367,51 e 651117,89 oeste. O mapeamento e classifica??o da cobertura vegetal foi realizado por meio da interpreta??o visual de fotografias a?reas para os anos de 1950 e 2006. A quantifica??o estrutural da paisagem foi descrita por meio de ?ndices de composi??o e configura??o espacial resultantes do software Fragstats. No geral foram amostrados 1.152 indiv?duos, pertencentes a 16 fam?lias e 38 esp?cies, sendo, 153 indiv?duos, 5 fam?lias e 9 esp?cies pertencentes a ADGD; 921 indiv?duos, 16 fam?lias e 36 esp?cies pertencentes a ADGO e 78 indiv?duos, 9 fam?lias e 11 esp?cies pertencentes a ADV. A an?lise dos atributos f?sicos e qu?micos do substrato evidenciou alta limita??o ao desenvolvimento de plantas colonizadoras, apresentando como restri??es, substratos de textura arenosa com baixa fertilidade natural, acidez elevada al?m de classe de resist?ncia a penetra??o m?dia para as ?reas degradadas pelo garimpo de ouro e diamante. Verificou-se que houve rela??o entre os gradientes ambientais e a abund?ncia e composi??o flor?stica da vegeta??o colonizadora, ficando a maioria das esp?cies mais fortemente correlacionada com as vari?veis topogr?ficas (desn?vel), qu?micas (M.O e m) e f?sicas (umidade). Todos os indicadores estruturais analisados mostraram que as ?reas est?o em processo de constru??o inicial, por?m a ?rea degradada pelo garimpo de ouro encontra-se em est?gio sucessional mais avan?ado quando comparado com ?rea degradada pelo processo de vo?orocamento e a ?rea degradada pelo garimpo de diamante. Os mapas temporais de cobertura do solo evidenciam que a ?rea de estudo apresenta grande influ?ncia de atividades antr?picas. Contudo a quantidade de habitat natural na ?rea de estudo foi bem superior ao limiar de percola??o, passando de 99,26% (2491,59 ha) em 1950 para 89,62% (2249,35 ha) em 2006. Nesse contexto, ? poss?vel constatar que a paisagem se manteve estruturalmente conectada por meio de grandes fragmentos de vegeta??o nativa, proporcionando condi??es de sustentabilidade. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT Anthropogenic activities have been meeting with the paradox of development and conservation. Thus the demand for raw materials to sustain the means of production, is closely related to the exploitation of natural resources, which conducted improperly and unsustainable, causes the degradation of the environment. In this context, aa scientific community, facing the challenges that present themselves to a sustainability of the planet, has been conducting research aimed at generating alternatives for the recuperation of degraded areas; these alternatives, which are effective in their purpose (integration of knowledge silvicultural and ecological principles ) and return these areas to conditions similar to the originals. This study aimed to characterize physical and chemical substrate, to relate the abundance distribution of the colonizing species with environmental variables, to study the dynamics of the floristic composition of vegetation and analyze the dynamics of the landscape around the three areas under different types preterit of degradation, between the years 1950 and 2006, emphasizing the changes in landscape virtue to human activities in the State Park Biribiri (PEB) and surroundings, in Diamantina, MG. The communities of areas degraded by mining diamond (ADGD) and gold (ADGO), as well as the process of vo?orocamento (ADV) had 50 (10 x 10 m), 30 (10 x 10 m) and 36 (5 x 3m) plots respectively, in the first inventory sampled all shrub tree individuals with DAS30 ? 3 cm. In the second inventory, dead individuals were recorded, remeasured the survivors and measured and identified the recruited individuals. We calculated rates of mortality, recruitment, gain and loss in basal area and number of individuals for each area. Values ??H? obtained for areas were compared in pairs by t test Hutcheson. In each plot was collected a sample of the substrate surface (0-20 cm) were analyzed for chemical parameters: pH in water; levels of P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Al3+, exchangeable cations (potential acidity (H + Al ), base saturation (V%), sum of bases (SB), CTC at pH 7 (T), effective CTC (t), aluminum saturation (m%)) and organic matter (M.O); physical: contents of sand, silt and clay, penetration resistance along the 0-30 cm layer, moisture, coverage of rock and gravel exposed. Environmental variables were compared by t test for independent samples (P<0.05). To analyze the correlations between environmental gradients and vegetation was used Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). The area studied in the dynamics of the landscape had 2,509.92 ha defined between the parallel and 7,989,545.95 7,984,296.35 646,367.51 meridian and south and west 651,117.89. The mapping and classification of vegetation cover was done by visual interpretation of aerial photographs for the years 1950 and 2006. Quantification structural landscape has been described by means of indexes of composition and spatial configuration resulting Fragstats software. Overall 1152 individuals were sampled, belonging to 16 families and 38 species, and, 153 individuals, families 5 and 9 species of ADGD, 921 individuals, 16 families and 36 species belonging to ADGO and 78 individuals, 9 families and 11 species belonging ADV. The analysis of physical and chemical properties of the substrate showed high limiting the development of colonizing plants, presenting as constraints, sandy substrates with low fertility, high acidity than class average penetration resistance for areas degraded by mining gold and diamond. There was a relationship between environmental gradients and floristic composition and abundance of colonizing vegetation, most species being more strongly correlated with the topographic variables (elevation), chemical (M.O and m) and physical (moisture). All structural indicators analyzed showed that the areas are in the process of initial construction, but the area degraded by mining gold is found in more advanced successional stage compared with the degraded area by process vo?orocamento and the area degraded by mining diamonds. Temporal maps of land cover indicate that this area of ??study has great influence anthropogenic activities. However the amount of natural habitat in the study area was well above the percolation threshold, from 99.26% (2491,59 ha) in 1950 to 89.62% (2249,35 ha) in 2006. In this context, it can be seen that the landscape remained structurally connected by means of large fragments of native vegetation, providing conditions for sustainability.
376

Sele??o e propaga??o de duas esp?cies do g?nero hymenaea / Selection and propagation of two species of the genus Hymenaea

Souza, Priscila Fernandes de 16 July 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T14:01:54Z No. of bitstreams: 5 21.pdf: 1208735 bytes, checksum: c96434c23f37f1690d2a88382b656bc1 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-10T12:44:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 21.pdf: 1208735 bytes, checksum: c96434c23f37f1690d2a88382b656bc1 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-10T12:44:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 21.pdf: 1208735 bytes, checksum: c96434c23f37f1690d2a88382b656bc1 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os padr?es de varia??o fenot?picos de duas esp?cies do g?nero Hymenaea com rela??o ?s caracter?sticas biom?tricas dos frutos e sementes, germina??o e produ??o de mudas. Al?m disso, objetiva ainda analisar o comportamento germinativo de sementes submetidas ? temperatura subzero e propor a aplica??o uma metodologia que permita avaliar tal comportamento ao longo do tempo. Os frutos utilizados foram coletados em matrizes de Jatob? procedentes de Curvelo-MG e Diamantina-MG. Os experimentos foram conduzidos no Centro Integrado de Propaga??o de Esp?cies Florestais ? CIPEF/UFVJM em Diamantina, cujos trabalhos foram divididos em tr?s cap?tulos. No primeiro, foram coletados frutos de cinco matrizes de Hymenaea courbaril e de sete matrizes de Hymenaea matiana. Foram avaliados quarenta e nove frutos por matriz quanto as seguintes vari?veis: peso dos frutos e sementes/fruto, comprimento, largura e espessura. A partir desses frutos, foram avaliadas, aleatoriamente, cem sementes por matriz quanto ao comprimento, ? largura e ? espessura. Foi realizado tamb?m o teste de germina??o por matriz e o crescimento de mudas dessas esp?cies foi avaliado. Houve diferen?as significativas para todas as vari?veis analisadas entre esp?cies e matrizes, demonstrando assim a possibilidade de selecionar matrizes espec?ficas de acordo com um determinado interesse. No segundo cap?tulo, sementes de Hymenaea courbaril foram submetidas ao armazenamento em freezer, (-20?C), sob cinco tempos de congelamento (tratamentos): zero, tr?s, seis, nove e doze dias. Avaliaram-se o IVG, a germina??o (%) e o crescimento inicial das mudas. Os efeitos dos tratamentos sobre as vari?veis IVG e percentagem de germina??o n?o foram significativos. O teste de identidade de modelos n?o lineares foi eficaz na discrimina??o dos efeitos dos tratamentos e evidenciou ainda n?o haver diferen?as entre as curvas ajustadas de germina??o acumulada para os tempos de congelamento de seis, nove e doze dias. Foi poss?vel constatar a superioridade do tratamento de tr?s dias de congelamento para as vari?veis germina??o e emerg?ncia. Quanto ao crescimento das mudas, este n?o foi afetado pelos tratamentos aplicados. O ?ltimo cap?tulo consistiu no uso do teste de identidade de modelos n?o lineares para avaliar a germina??o acumulada e compar?-lo com ?ndices de valores ?nicos. Essa metodologia foi eficaz em discriminar os comportamentos germinativos das curvas geradas pelas diferentes equa??es, ao contr?rio dos ?ndices de valores ?nicos que foram estatisticamente iguais. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the patterns of phenotypic variation in two species of the genus Hymenaea, in relation to biometric characteristics of fruits and seeds, germination and seedling production. And also at analyzing the germination of seeds submitted to subzero temperatures and suggest to apply a methodology to assess such behavior over time. The fruits used in this study were collected from matrices of jatoba proceeding from Curvelo-MG and Diamantina-MG. The experiments were conducted in the Integrated Center for Forest Research and Studies ICFRS/UFVJM in Diamantina-MG. Whose works were divided into three chapters. In the first fruits were collected from five matrices of Hymenaea courbaril and seven matrices of Hymenaea matiana. Were evaluated forty nine fruits by matrices and the following variables: weight of the fruits and seeds, length, width and thickness. These fruits were evaluated randomly one hundred seeds by matrix as length, width and thickness. Was also held by the seed germination test matrix by matrix and evaluated the growth of seedlings of these species. There were significant differences for all variables between species and matrices. Demonstrating, the possibility to select specific matrices under a particular interest. In the second chapter, seeds of Hymenaea courbaril were submitted to storage in a freezer (- 20 ? C), in five freezing time (treatments): zero, three, six, nine and twelve days. We evaluated the IVG, germination (% G) and early growth of seedlings. The effects of the treatments on the variables IVG and percentage of germination were not significant. The tests of the identity of nonlinear models was effective in the discrimination of treatment effects. Evidenced also no differences between the adjusted curves of accumulated germination for freezing time six, nine and twelve days. It was possible to confirm the superiority of treatment three days of freezing for germination and emergence. Concerning growth of seedlings, this was not affected by treatments. The last chapter, consisted of the use of the tests of the identity of nonlinear models to evaluate the cumulative germination and compare it with indices of single values. This methodology was effective at discriminating the behavior germination of the curves generated by the different equations, unlike the indices than single values which were statistically equal.
377

Estrutura, composi??o flor?stica e rela??o vegeta??o-ambiente do compartimento arbustivo-arb?reo de cerrado. / Emergence and seedling growth of?arrays Caryocar brasiliense Camb. under different environmental conditions

Otoni, Thiago Jos? Ornelas 30 September 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T14:01:55Z No. of bitstreams: 5 5.pdf: 1593900 bytes, checksum: 2373f74a6227b91b45de5fc1b4212e3e (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-10T13:08:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 5.pdf: 1593900 bytes, checksum: 2373f74a6227b91b45de5fc1b4212e3e (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-10T13:08:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 5.pdf: 1593900 bytes, checksum: 2373f74a6227b91b45de5fc1b4212e3e (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Este trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer a estrutura, composi??o flor?stica e rela??o vegeta??o-ambiente em comunidades arbustivo-arb?reas de diferentes fitofisionomias de Cerrado. Os fragmentos situam-se na Fazenda Experimental do Moura em Curvelo-MG (cerrado sentido restrito ? 18,84? S e 44,39? W; cerrad?o ? 18?82? S e 44?25? W; altitude m?dia de 715 m), sob clima do tipo Aw de K?ppen e sobre substrato de Latossolos ?cidos e distr?ficos. O Invent?rio florestal foi conduzido por meio de parcelas permanentes retangulares (20?50 m) com ?rea de 1000 m?; para a regenera??o natural (RN), utilizou-se sub-parcelas com ?rea de 100 m? (2?50 m), instaladas no centro de cada parcela. Foram instaladas trinta unidades amostrais na ?rea de cerrado sentido restrito (quinze para a vegeta??o adulta e quinze para a RN) e dez unidades na ?rea de cerrad?o. O compartimento adulto foi representado por todos os indiv?duos vivos dentro das parcelas com DAS (circunfer?ncia a 0,3 m do n?vel do solo) > 5,0 cm, e nas sub-parcelas, para a RN, registrou-se todo indiv?duo vivo com comprimento de fuste > 10 cm e DAS < 5,0. ?rvore com fuste bifurcado foi inclu?da como indiv?duo ?nico e no caso da vegeta??o adulta quando o valor dos DAS fundidos atendia ao crit?rio. A RN foi subdividida em tr?s classes de di?metro: I ? (DB entre 0,028 e 2,0 cm); II ? (DB entre 2,0 e 4,0 cm) e III ? (DB > 4,0 cm). Foram coletadas vari?veis ambientais para cada parcela para subsidiar an?lises diretas de gradiente por meio de duas matrizes (vegeta??o e ambiente). Foram realizadas an?lises de diversidade alfa e beta temporal (cerrado sentido restrito entre adultos e RN). Foi registrado um total de 127 esp?cies nas tr?s ?reas, sendo 39 fam?lias identificadas e 89 g?neros identificados. As an?lises de correspond?ncia can?nica indicaram correla??es significativas entre distribui??o espacial da abund?ncia de esp?cies com algumas vari?veis ambientais para quatro das cinco an?lises realizadas (duas para o compartimento adulto e tr?s para as classes da RN). As an?lises indicaram valores de diversidade alfa condizentes para ?reas de Cerrado. Destacam-se em fun??o da densidade, em toda a amostragem, os g?neros Annona, Byrsonima, Erythroxylum, Myrcia e Qualea e a esp?cie Magonia pubescens. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT This study aimed to know the structure, floristic composition and environment-vegetation relationship in communities of different woody vegetation types of the Cerrado. The fragments are located in the Experimental Farm in Curvelo Moura, MG (cerrado sentido restrito ? 18,84? S e 44,39??W; cerrad?o-cerrado sentido restrito transition ? 18?82??S e 44?25??W; average elevation of 715 m), climate under the K?ppen Aw and on substrate of dystrophic and acids. The forest inventory was conducted by means of rectangular permanent quadrats (20 ? 50 m) with an area of ??1000 m?. For natural regeneration (RN), we used sub?-plots with an area of ??100 m? (2 ? 50 m) installed in the center of each plot. Thirty sample units were installed in the area of ??cerrado sensu stricto (fifteen to vegetation and fifteen adult to RN) and ten units in the area of ??dense cerrad?o-cerrado sentido restrito transition. The adult compartment was represented by all individuals living within the plots with diameter at soil height (DSH - diameter to 0.3 m from ground level) >?5.0 cm, and in sub-quadrats, natural regeneration (RN) composed of alive individuals with long stem >?10?cm e DSH <?5.0. Tree with bifurcated stem were included as a unique individual, and in case of adult vegetation, only included when the value of square root of the sum-square of DSH had been greater than criterion. The RN were divided into three diameter classes: I - (DB between 0.028 and 2.0 cm), II - (DB between 2.0 and 4.0 cm) and III - (DB> 4.0 cm). Environmental variables were collected for each plot to subsidize direct gradient analysis by means of two arrays (vegetation and environment). Were performed analyzes of alpha and beta temporal diversity (in cerrado sensu stricto between adults and RN). It was recorded a total of 127 species in three areas, and identified 39 families and 89 genera identified. The canonical correspondence analysis indicated significant correlations between spatial distribution of species abundance with some environmental variables for four of the five tests performed (two for the adult compartment and three classes for the classes of RN). Stand out as a function of density in the entire sample, gender Annona, Byrsonima, Erythroxylum, Myrcia and Qualea, and the specie Magonia pubescens.
378

Avalia??o de sistemas de cultivo das sempre vivas Comanthera elegans (Bong.) L.R. Parra & Giul. E C. bisulcata (K?rn) L.R. Parra & Giul. / Assessoment of cultivation systems to Everlasting flowers Comanthera elegans (Bong.) L.R. Parra & Giul. e C. bisulcata (K?rn) L.R. Parra & Giul.

Moreira, Fernanda da Concei??o 30 September 2010 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:33Z No. of bitstreams: 5 29.pdf: 3684369 bytes, checksum: 1d939283abef214b4590eb5891ac970f (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T18:17:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 29.pdf: 3684369 bytes, checksum: 1d939283abef214b4590eb5891ac970f (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T18:17:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 29.pdf: 3684369 bytes, checksum: 1d939283abef214b4590eb5891ac970f (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / As sempre vivas s?o plantas das fam?lias Eriocaulaceae, Xyridaceae, Cyperaceae, Amaranthaceae e Rapataceae. As principais esp?cies comercializadas dentro de Eriocaulaceae pertencem ao g?nero Comanthera e muitas se encontram amea?adas de extin??o. O extrativismo de sempre vivas gera emprego e renda no Vale do Jequitinhonha e regi?es circunvizinhas. A falta de conhecimento sobre a esp?cie ? citada como a principal causa da n?o elabora??o de normativas que estabele?am os procedimentos de manejo. A inexist?ncia de normativas tem contribu?do significantemente para a coleta indiscriminada dessas esp?cies. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho: caracterizar o desenvolvimento de C. elegans em sistema de cultivo; estabelecer dentro de tr?s sistemas de cultivos propostos (canteiro, faixa e ?rea total) o que mais favorece o desenvolvimento de C. elegans e de C. bisulcata. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em Galheiros-MG, no per?odo de janeiro de 2009 a junho de 2010. O material proveniente do processamento de cap?tulos contendo sementes foi lan?ado diretamente sobre a superf?cie do solo gradeado. A emerg?ncia de pl?ntulas de S. elegans se iniciou no final de fevereiro de 2009 e em maio ocorreu a antese dos cap?tulos. Na segunda fase reprodutiva, a produ??o de escapos se iniciou em dezembro de 2009 e a antese dos cap?tulos ocorreu em abril de 2010. A produ??o de escapos/planta foi de 3,33 e 48,8, na primeira e na segunda flora??o, respectivamente. O comprimento dos escapos e o di?metro dos cap?tulos foram de 24,25 e 40 cm, 8,45 e 12 mm na primeira e segunda, respectivamente. Na primeira flora??o, a produ??o de sementes ocorreu a partir de agosto e a maior taxa de germina??o (71,79 %) e o melhor desenvolvimento p?s-seminal foram observados para sementes de cap?tulos coletados em novembro de 2009. O sistema de cultivo em canteiro apresentou maior densidade de plantas floridas e maior produ??o de escapos (peso e n?mero) por ?rea em C. elegans e C. bisulcata. Nas duas esp?cies, a produ??o de escapos por planta (peso e n?mero) n?o diferiu de forma significativa entre os tr?s sistemas de cultivo. Portanto, a maior produtividade por ?rea observada no sistema em canteiro est? associada ? maior densidade de plantas estabelecidas nesse sistema de cultivo na ?poca da flora??o. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010. / ABSTRACT Everlasting flowers belong to Eriocaulaceae, Xyridaceae, Cyperaceae, Amaranthaceae and Rapataceae families. The main Eriocaulaceae species are from the genre Comanthera and most of them are threatened of extinction. Everlasting collection is one of the most important sources of income for many families around Jequitinhonha Valley. This specie is not well known, so, rules to establish management systems are not elaborated, causing a problematic harvest. This study aimed: to characterize the development of C. elegans under different cultivation systems, to establish which, of the three suggested systems (in beds, row and total area), is the best one to C. elegans and C. bisulcata development. The experiment was carried out in Galheiros-MG from January/09 to June/10. Material taken from the capitula with seeds was thrown on the ground. Emergence of C. elegans plantule started at the end of February/09 and capitula anthesis occurred in May. At reproductive stage, escapes production started in December/09 and capitula anthesis in April/10. The production escapes/plant was 3.33 and 48.8, respectively at first and second flowerage. Escapes length and capitula diameter were 24.25 and 40 cm, 8.45 and 12 mm, respectively to first and second flowerage. At first flowerage, seeds production occurred from August. Higher germination rate (71.79%) and better post-seminal development were observed in seeds of capitula collected in November/09. C. elegans and C. bisulcata showed higher flowered plant density and escapes production per area, under the system in bed. In both species, escapes per plant do not differ significantly for each system evaluated. Higher productivity per area observed under bed system is associated to the higher density of established and flowered plants under this system.
379

Produtividade e composi??o qu?mico-bromatol?gica do capim-braqui?ria sob arranjos e clones de eucalipto na integra??o lavoura-pecu?ria-floresta.

Guimar?es, C?ntia Gon?alves 28 February 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:33Z No. of bitstreams: 5 30.pdf: 544436 bytes, checksum: 4dca3d1781581491c5f88c4947e642ce (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T18:23:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 30.pdf: 544436 bytes, checksum: 4dca3d1781581491c5f88c4947e642ce (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T18:23:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 30.pdf: 544436 bytes, checksum: 4dca3d1781581491c5f88c4947e642ce (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecu?ria de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG) / Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar a produtividade de massa seca, a composi??o qu?mico-bromatol?gica e a extra??o de minerais do capim-braqui?ria em diferentes idades de rebrota??o ap?s a colheita do milho, arranjos, clones de eucalipto e locais de amostragem, na integra??o lavoura-pecu?ria-floresta. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental de Santa Rita/EPAMIG, Prudente de Morais, MG, em esquema de parcelas subsubdivididas, no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com tr?s repeti??es. Nas parcelas distribu?ram-se as idades de rebrota??o da forrageira (10, 17, 24, 31, 38, 45 e 52 dias ap?s a colheita do milho para silagem). As subparcelas corresponderam aos arranjos de eucalipto, em linhas duplas: (3x2) + 20 m e (2x2) + 9 m, e em linha simples: 9 x 2 m (experimento 1); e clones de eucalipto, GG 100, I 144 e VM 58 (experimento 2). As subsubparcelas consistiram nos locais de amostragem, no centro da entrelinha e sob a copa de eucalipto. No experimento 1 o arranjo (3x2) + 20 m proporciona maior produtividade de massa seca do capim-braqu?ria, no centro da entrelinha. Entretanto, as produtividades de massa seca s?o baixas, mesmo com elevadas altura de plantas. Os arranjos (2x2) + 9 m e 9 x 2 m proporcionam melhor composi??o bromatol?gica, no centro da entrelinha, com maior teor de PB e menor teor de FDN. Os teores de prote?na bruta s?o mais altos sob a copa de eucalipto, relativamente ao centro da entrelinha. O arranjo (3x2) + 20 m proporciona maior extra??o de N, K, Ca e Mg no centro da entrelinha do que sob a copa de eucalipto. Maior extra??o de P ocorreu no arranjo de (3x2) + 20 m, no centro da entrelinha. As extra??es de N, K, Ca, Mg e S aumentam com o avan?o da idade de rebrota??o. No experimento 2, Os clones de eucalipto n?o afetam a produtividade de massa seca do capim-braqui?ria que apresenta maior disponibilidade no centro da entrelinha do que sob a copa de eucalipto. O capim-braqui?ria cultivado junto com o clone I 144 apresenta melhor composi??o bromatol?gica, com mais elevados teores de PB, N, P, Ca, Mg e S e mais baixo teor de FDN. As extra??es de N, P, Ca, Mg e S aumentam com o avan?o da idade de rebrota??o do capim-braqui?ria, sendo menores sob a copa de eucalipto para P e Mg. O clone VM 58 proporciona maior extra??o de K pelo capim-braqui?ria e com mais alta efici?ncia de resposta, no centro da entrelinha de eucalipto. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the productivity of dry mass, chemical bromatological composition and mineral extraction of signal grass at different sprout ages after maize harvest, eucalyptus arrangements, clones, and sampling sites, cultivated in crop-livestock-forest. A trial was carried out at Santa Rita Experimental Farm/EPAMIG, Prudente de Morais, MG, the experimental design was a randomized complete block (RBD) in a split split plot, with three replications. The ages of forage sprouts (10, 17, 24, 31, 38, 45 and 52 days after silage maize harvest) were distributed in the main plots. The eucalyptus arrangements, in double rows: (3 x 2) + 20 m and (2x2) + 9 m, and simple row: 9 x 2 m (experiment 1), and eucalyptus clones, GG 100, I 144 and VM 58 (experiment 2) in the subplots. The sub sub plots consisted of forage sampling sites, in the inter-row (center) and under the canopy of eucalyptus. In the experiment 1, the arrangement (3x2) + 20 m produced higher dry mass of signal grass, in the inter-row (center). However, yields of dry mass are low, even with high plant height. Arrangements (2x2) + 9m and 9 x 2 m provided better chemical composition, in the inter-row (center), with higher CP and lower NDF content. The crude protein levels are higher under the canopy of eucalyptus, for the inter-row (center). The arrangement (3x2) + 20 m provides better extraction of N, K, Ca and Mg in the inter-row (center) than under the canopy of eucalyptus. Greater extraction of P occurred in the arrangement (3x2) + 20 m in the inter-row (center). The extraction of N, K, Ca, Mg and S increase with advancing age sprouts. In the experiment 2, the eucalyptus clones do not affect the productivity of dry mass of signal grass and has greater availability in the inter-row (center) than under the canopy of eucalyptus. The signal grass grown with the clone I 144 has better chemical composition, with higher concentrations of CP, N, P, Ca, Mg e S and lower NDF content. The extractions of N, P, Ca, Mg and S increase with advancing maturity of signal grass, and it is smaller under the canopy of eucalyptus for P and Mg. The signal grass cultived with the VM 58 clone present higher extraction of K and highest efficiency of response, in the inter-row.
380

Cera epicuticular e anatomia foliar de esp?cies do g?nero Sida spp. / Epicuticular wax and leaf anatomy of species of the genus Sida spp.

Cunha, Viviane Cristina da January 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:34Z No. of bitstreams: 5 38.pdf: 443796 bytes, checksum: 09ce470914751a428cfc76262fcd0741 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T18:43:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 38.pdf: 443796 bytes, checksum: 09ce470914751a428cfc76262fcd0741 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T18:43:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 38.pdf: 443796 bytes, checksum: 09ce470914751a428cfc76262fcd0741 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Diversas esp?cies do g?nero Sida s?o importantes plantas daninhas, principalmente em pastagens e culturas anuais. O conhecimento da anatomia e morfologia ? fundamental para o controle qu?mico das plantas, bem como o estudo dos mecanismos de penetra??o dos herbicidas. Caracter?sticas morfofisiol?gicas e composi??es qu?micas est?o diretamente relacionadas ? habilidade competitiva superior das culturas. O objetivo do trabalho foi fazer uma an?lise comparativa da produ??o de mat?ria seca, ?rea foliar, quantidade de cera epicuticular e estudar a anatomia foliar de tr?s esp?cies de Sida spp., em diferentes est?dios de desenvolvimento, visando obter informa??es de poss?veis barreiras ? penetra??o de agroqu?micos al?m de outras caracter?sticas envolvidas na capacidade competitiva pelos recursos naturais. A partir de criterioso trabalho fitossociol?gico em ?reas de pastagens, observou-se maior ?ndice de valor de import?ncia para as esp?cies Sida urens, Sida spinosa e Sida rhombifolia. Essas esp?cies foram coletadas em tr?s est?dios fenol?gicos caracterizados como V1: forma??o de at? 10 folhas completamente expandidas; V2: entre 11 folhas e antes do florescimento e R: ap?s florescimento. As plantas foram cortadas rente ao solo e levadas ao laborat?rio para quantifica??o da ?rea foliar, extra??o e quantifica??o da cera epicuticular, quantifica??o da mat?ria seca da parte a?rea e trabalhos anat?micos a partir de cortes e impress?es parad?rmicas das folhas. Verificou-se, para os est?dios V2 e R, maior n?mero de folhas para a esp?cie Sida rhombifolia, seguida por S. spinosa em V2 e S. urens em R. Esses resultados foram relativamente proporcionais ? ?rea foliar para todas as esp?cies. S. spinosa na fase vegetativa produziu os maiores valores de AFE, n?o se observando diferen?as entre as esp?cies avaliadas no est?dio caracterizado por R. Para a quantidade de cera por unidade de ?rea foliar, entre as esp?cies num mesmo est?dio, verificou-se diferen?a somente na fase reprodutiva, onde S. spinosa produziu valor superior. Entre os est?dios para cada esp?cie, observou-se decr?scimo na quantidade de cera com a idade das plantas. A esp?cie Sida spinosa apresentou maior densidade estom?tica na fase R. As tr?s esp?cies apresentaram menor densidade estom?tica, maior densidade tricom?tica e parede celular mais espessa no est?dio V2. Conclui-se que as tr?s esp?cies podem ser mais tolerantes ? entrada de produtos qu?micos na fase vegetativa e a esp?cie S. spinosa pode ser mais suscept?vel na fase reprodutiva. De maneira integrada, os resultados esclarecem melhor as diferen?as de sensibilidade das esp?cies a herbicidas e em rela??o ? habilidade competitiva frente ?s diferentes plantas cultivadas. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT Several species of the genus Sida are important weeds, mainly in pastures and annual crops. The study of anatomy and morphology is essential to control chemical plants, as well as the study of mechanisms of herbicide penetration. Morphophysiological and chemical compositions are directly related to superior competitive ability of crops. The objective was to make a comparative analysis of the dry matter production, leaf area, amount of epicuticular wax and study the anatomy of three species of Sida spp. at different developmental stages in order to obtain information on possible barriers to the penetration of agrochemicals and other characteristics involved in competitive ability for resources. From phytosociological careful work in areas of pasture, there was a higher rate of importance value for species Sida urens, Sida rhombifolia and Sida spinosa. These species were collected at three growth stages V1 characterized as: training of up to 10 fully expanded leaves; V2: between 11 and leaves before flowering and R: after flowering. The plants were cut close to soil and taken to the laboratory for measurement of leaf area, wax extraction and quantification, quantification of the dry matter of shoots and anatomical works from paradermic cuts and impressions of leaves. There was, for stages V2 and R, more leaves for this species Sida rhombifolia, followed by S. spinosa in V2 and S. urens in R. These results were relatively proportional to leaf area for all species. S. spinosa in the vegetative phase produced the highest values of SLA, with no significant differences between the species assessed in stage characterized by R. For the amount of wax per unit leaf area between species in the same stadium, there was difference only in the reproductive phase, where S. spinosa produced a higher rating. Between stages for each species, there was a decrease in the amount of wax to plant age. The species Sida spinosa showed higher stomatal density in phase R. The three species had lower stomatal density, higher trichome density and thicker cell wall in the V2 stage. It is concluded that the three species may be more tolerant to input chemical species at vegetative and S. spinosa may be more susceptible in the reproductive phase. In an integrated way, the best results clarify the different sensitivity of species to herbicides and competitive ability in relation to the face of the different crops.

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