The Swedish prison and probation service is an authority whose task is to care for individuals sentenced to imprisonment or probation (Kriminalvården, 2018). I also chose to include social services, SIS and outpatient care for a broader ground for my study. The purpose of the study is to investigate how the Swedish prison and probation service and agency in Norrbotten County work with relapse prevention in young criminal men. I chose to use a qualitative method to gain a broad understanding of this subject. The result has been collected through six semi-structured interviews and semi structured telephone interviews with persons working in the Swedish prison and probation service, SiS, outpatient care and social services in Norrbotten County. The results show that these activities work against the relapse risk through motivational conversations, treatment plans, and the creation of relationships between them and the client. All of these factors is used to counteract the labelling that the young men received from society when they deviated from the norms and laws of society. This can make the young men to easily return in relapse after the execution. Other factors such as anti-social networks, homelessness, lack of economy and unemployment are also negative contributing causes that affect the return risk. / Kriminalvården är en myndighet vars uppgift är att vårda individer som dömts till fängelse eller frivård (Kriminalvården, 2018). Till Kriminalvården räknas även frivården med. Jag valde även att inkludera Socialtjänsten, SiS och Öppenvården för att få en bredare underlag för min studie. Syftet för studien är att undersöka hur Kriminalvården och samverkande verksamheter i Norrbottens län arbetar med återfallsprevention hos unga kriminella män. Jag valde att använda mig av en kvalitativ metod för att få en bred förståelse kring detta ämne.  Resultatet har samlats in via sex semistukturerade intervjuer samt semistukturerade telefonintervjuer med personer som jobbar inom Kriminalvården, Frivården, SiS, Öppenvården och Socialtjänsten inom Norrbottens län. Resultatet visar att dessa verksamheter jobbar mot återfallsrisken genom motiverande samtal, behandlingsplaner och skapande av relationer mellan dem och klienten.  Alla dessa faktorer används för att motverka den stämpling som de unga männen fått av samhället när de avvikit från normerna och lagarna i samhället. Detta gör att de unga männen lätt kan hamna tillbaka i återfall efter avslutad tid. Andra faktorer såsom antisociala nätverk, bostadslöshet, brist på ekonomi och arbetslöshet är också negativt bidragande orsaker som påverkar återfallsrisken.

Introduction: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) during chemotherapy-induced aplasia may offer long-term survival in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with otherwise poor prognosis including ELN adverse risk, relapsed or refractory disease. However, the value of residual morphologic disease prior HCT in this context has not been conclusively settled until yet. Therefore, we aimed to investigate variables predicting outcome in this unique setting of sequential conditioning therapy, with a focus on pretreatment morphologic blast count. In contrast to the most popular FLAMSA-RIC protocol, we used a melphalan-based conditioning regimen during aplasia. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 173 AML patients who underwent a sequential melphalan-based conditioning therapy between 2003 and 2015 at our centre. All patients participated either in the prospective Phase 2 BRIDGE trial (NCT01295307), the Phase 3 AML2003 study (NCT00180102) or were treated according to this protocol and underwent allogeneic HCT after melphalan-based conditioning in treatment-induced aplasia. Results: Median bone marrow blast count prior to conditioning was 10% (range, 0–96%). Four year probabilities of EFS and OS were 34% (95% CI, 28–43%) and 43% (95% CI, 36–52%), respectively. In multivariate analysis, blast count >20% was associated with worse EFS (HR = 1.93; p = 0.009) and OS (HR = 1.80; p = 0.026). This effect was not significant anymore for HCT during 1st line therapy. Conclusion: Allogeneic HCT in aplasia with a melphalan-based conditioning regimen has the potential to cure a subset of adverse risk AML patients, even with persistent morphological disease prior HCT. However, a high pre-transplant blast count still indicates patients with a dismal prognosis, especially in the relapsed patient group, for whom post-transplant strategies should be considered to further optimize post HCT outcome.