No abstract available. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / Centre for Human Rights / unrestricted

No abstract available. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / Centre for Human Rights / unrestricted

This thesis proposes a classification system of risk mitigation strategies based on literature search and industry interviews. Following that, a list of generic properties was generated to describe individual strategies. In parallel, populating the properties of a large number of identified strategies was attempted. The practical implications are discussed mainly focusing on knowledge management for risk mitigation strategies. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Civil Engineering, Department of / Graduate

The thesis deals with occupational safety and health systems at work. In theory is about risk assesment methods. The practical part of the thesis is concerned with methods application on my distinguished firm.

Currently, the companies are exposed to many kinds of risk during the business, especially in case of activities which are overlapping the frontiers of inland market. Risk-aversive businessmen tend to minimize or even eliminate those risks so that they use different types of hedging instruments. The derivatives are a good choice but they are not able to meet all clients' needs sufficiently in their classic simple form at present. That is the reason for rise of their new combinations and modifications which are so-called "tailor-made" for each company separately. The purpose of this paper is to create the compact overview about those "second generation" products and show the interest and currency risk hedging options.

In this thesis, Personal and family finances, subtitled Finances of university student. It is discussed on the way to a happier life through management of personal finances. Just as it is necessary to control corporate finance, it is necessary everyone managed own personal finances. It is indicated as appropriate to tackle your finances,what to focus on, and it's practically demonstrated on the example of a university student. There are analyzed his goals and needs, then it is outlined possible solutions to his finances.

Please read the abstract in the section 00front of this document / Thesis (DCom (Financial Management))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Financial Management / unrestricted

This research study emanates from the inclusion of environmental risks on the global security agenda. Although dating back to the Rio Summit on Environment and Development (UNEP, 1992), this trend gained momentum following the publication of the Fourth Assessment Report of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in February 2007 (IPCC, 2007a). The report warned that the global climate system is changing mainly because of man-made greenhouse gas emissions, exposing, amongst others, Africa as a continent most vulnerable to the impact of climate variability and change. Subsequent to the report, the security implications of climate change were discussed by the United Nations Security Council in April 2007 (UN, 2007a). With these developments as a point of departure, the aim of this exploratory study is to investigate the securitisation of environmental risks, particularly the impact of climate change, in South Africa, with specific reference to official perceptions of (and where applicable, policy responses to) environmental security between 2007 and 2012. As a literature and documentary case study on South Africa, the research utilises a conceptual framework that broadens and deepens the concept of security to include the environment as a non-traditional (non-military) aspect. In this context, environmental risks are discussed as a challenge to security, considering their contemporary relevance. Environmental security is discussed as an emerging security issue in the context of its global and regional scope; its linkage to and impact on food, water and energy security; and its influence on the political, economic, and social sectors of security. Further, the study indicates that Southern Africa in general, and South Africa in particular, are highly vulnerable to the impact of environmental risks such as climate change; and that such risks indeed exacerbate existing security risks and threats. Against this backdrop, the South African government’s securitisation (or lack of securitisation) of the environment is described and explored with reference to official views on environmental security. The analysis indicates that the Government securitises environmental risks such as climate change to a limited degree only (in terms of securitising speech and act); and the issue thus does not fall within the ambit of security, but rather that of sustainable development. The Government base their unsecuritised stance on the impact of environmental risks, on the country’s basic natural resources (such as food, water and energy) being overwhelmed by existing growth pressures; and that the Administration’s current priority is inter alia social development issues, such as employment and poverty eradication. The study concludes with a summary of key findings in response to the stated research problem, and with recommendations concerning the South African government’s response to environmental security. / Dissertation (MSS)--University of Pretoria, 2015. / Political Sciences / Unrestricted

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-04-19T13:52:47Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação Wemerson Finalizada.pdf: 9160369 bytes, checksum: b31280e4154dafd68b3a566de187171f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-19T13:52:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação Wemerson Finalizada.pdf: 9160369 bytes, checksum: b31280e4154dafd68b3a566de187171f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-16 / CNPq / A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo entender o comportamento do canal fluvial em área urbana denominado de riacho Umas localizado na cidade de Camaragibe, município que pertence a Região Metropolitana do Recife. O intuito foi observar a dinâmica de processo-resposta entre regime pluviométrico de 2014 e as perturbações ocorridas sobre o canal fluvial, e, todavia, a sensitividade do respectivo canal. Além dos transtornos e riscos trazidos a população ribeirinha residente próxima ao canal, portanto configurando-se como trabalho em escala de detalhe. As dinâmicas atmosféricas foram verificadas a partir da análise rítmica observadas pelos gráficos de pluviosidade diária e imagens de satélite. As respostas sobre o canal fluvial (riacho Umas) foram analisadas em três cenários que correspondem a um período seco (menor pluviosidade) e dois úmidos (casos significativos de maior pluviosidade). Contudo os períodos úmidos divididos em cenário pós-evento de perturbação e cenário durante o evento de perturbação, ou seja, ao longo do processo de precipitação significativa. Para as análises espaciais confeccionaram-se mapas de detalhe de direção de fluxo, curvatura das encostas, declividade, que, todavia, estes foram correlacionados com o mapa de uso e ocupação do solo do município de Camaragibe. Mesmo sendo uma escala espacial de detalhe verificaram-se respostas variáveis (dinâmica não linear) sobre o canal com base em suas características naturais e formas de ocupação e uso do solo, fazendo com que a vulnerabilidade da população que ocupa a área também ocorra modo diferente diante ocorrência de inundações. Também foi realizada a análise das assembleias de relevo fluvial e interfluvial com intuito de compreender a relação de conectividade, principalmente em relação aos fluxos hídricos, entre vertentes e canal fluvial. / This paper has the objective to comprehend the behavior of the fluvial pass named Umas stream, located in the urban area of Camaragibe city, municipality in the Metropolitan Area of Recife. The intention was to observe the process-response dynamics between the pluviometric rate of 2014 and the disturbances occurred at the fluvial pass, and, yet, the sensitivity of the same stream. Considering the disturbance and risks brought to the riverside population, so constituting it as a detail scale paper. The atmospheric dynamics was verified from a rhythmic analysis, observing the daily pluviometric graphs and satellite images. The answers concerning the fluvial pass (Umas stream) were analyzed in three scenarios corresponding to one dry stage and two humid stages. Considering the humid stages divided in: post-disturbance-event scenario and during-disturbance-event scenario, that is, along the significant precipitation process. Even though being a spacial detail scale, variable answers (non-linear dynamics) were found about the stream based on its natural characteristics and soil’s occupation/using methods, making the vulnerability of the occupier population also occur in a different manner due to the occurrence of floods. Also was made an analysis of fluvial and interfluvial relief assembly, pointing to understand the connectivity relation, mainly, to the hydric flow between watersheds and streams. Therefore, flow direction detail, hillside curvature and declination maps were made, and, still, were correlated to the soil’s using and occupation map of Camaragibe’s municipality.

Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório, com abordagem de análise quantitativa, cujo objetivo foi verificar os acidentes com material biológico potencialmente contaminado, ocorridos entre acadêmicos de enfermagem de três instituições de ensino de um município do interior paulista. Para a coleta de dados aplicou-se um questionário com questões abertas e fechadas, após a observação dos aspectos ético-legais. Participaram do estudo 355 alunos que estavam presentes em sala de aula por ocasião da coleta de dados e que já realizavam atividades de ensino-aprendizagem. Os dados foram analisados em Epi Info versão 3.4.3. Verificou-se que, 44 (12,4%) estudantes referiram ter sofrido exposição acidental a material biológico. A maioria era do sexo feminino (93,1%), tinha entre 22 a 25 anos (56,8%), cursava o quarto ano do curso de enfermagem (68,1%), em período integral (75%). O número de acidentes mencionados pelos alunos totalizou 55. Quanto ao tipo de exposição, a de pele íntegra foi a mais freqüente (70,9%), seguida de acidente percutâneo (25,5%), exposição em mucosa (1,8%) e pele lesada (1,8%). As topografias mais afetadas nesses acidentes foram os dedos e as mãos (74,6%). As agulhas foram citadas como o objeto causador de 64,3% dos acidentes percutâneos e o sangue foi o material biológico envolvido em 72,7% do total de acidentes. O maior número de acidentes ocorreu na retirada da punção venosa/soro (18,2%), ao puncionar ou coletar sangue (16,4%) e ao aspirar paciente (12,7%). Os alunos não utilizavam Equipamento de Proteção Individual em 49,1 % dos acidentes, embora em mais de 80% das atividades seria recomendado ao menos o uso das luvas de procedimento. Os alunos lavaram o local do acidente em 92,7% dos casos e dois alunos espremeram a área lesada após acidente percutâneo. Em 40% dos acidentes, os estudantes não notificaram a ocorrência aos docentes supervisores; em 38,2% das exposições os alunos não tomaram nenhuma conduta, não notificaram e não procuraram atendimento médico. A maioria dos docentes, quando notificados, orientou seus alunos quanto às condutas corretas e os encaminharam para avaliação médica; um docente, apesar de notificado, ignorou o fato. As situações mais apontadas pelos alunos como as que favoreceram a exposição acidental foram não utilizar Equipamento de Proteção Individual (49,1%) e a desatenção (45,5%). Como sugestões para prevenir e controlar acidentes com material biológico entre alunos, 21,4% referiu a educação permanente/continuada e 19,7% a utilização de Equipamento de Proteção Individual e a conscientização quanto ao uso. Para minimização de acidentes com material biológico potencialmente contaminado, entre alunos de enfermagem, nota-se a necessidade de envolver não apenas os alunos, mas também docentes e profissionais dos campos de ensino-aprendizagem, num programa efetivo de prevenção e controle dos acidentes. / This is a descriptive and exploratory study with a quantitative analytic approach. The aim was to verify the occurrence of accidents involving potentially contaminated biological material among nursing students from three teaching institutions in an interior city of São Paulo State, Brazil. After observing ethical-legal aspects, a questionnaire with open and closed questions was applied for data collection. Study participants were 355 students present in the classroom at the moment of data collection and who had already been involved in practical teachinglearning activities. Data were analyzed in Epi Info version 3.4.3. Forty-four (12.4%) students indicated accidental exposure to biological material. Most of them were female (93.1%), between 22 and 25 years old (56.8%), taking the forth year of the nursing course (68.1%) and studying full-time (75%). The students mentioned 55 accidents. As to the type of exposure, intact skin exposure was the most frequent (70.9%), followed by percutaneous accident (25.5%), mucous membrane exposure (1.8%) and injured skin (1.8%). The most affected topographic areas during these accidents were fingers and hands (74.6%). Needles were mentioned as the causal object in 64.3% of percutaneous accidents and blood was the biological material involved in 72.7% of all accidents. The largest number of accidents occurred when removing venipuncture/serum (18.2%), while puncturing or collecting blood (16.4%) and while aspirating a patient (12.7%). The students were not using Individual Protection Equipment in 49.1% of the accidents, although at least the use of procedure gloves would be recommended in more than 80% of activities. The students washed the accident site in 92.7% of cases and two students squeezed the injured area after a percutaneous accident. In 40% of the accidents, the students did not notify the occurrence to the supervising faculty members; in 38.2% of the exposures, the students did not take any action and neither notified nor looked for medical help. When notified, most faculty members advised their students about correct conducts and referred them for medical evaluation; despite the notification, one faculty member ignored the fact. The situations students most indicated as favoring accidental exposure were not using Individual Protection Equipment (49.1%) and lack of attention (45.5%). As suggestions to prevent and control accidents involving biological material among students, 21.4% mentioned permanent/continuing education and 19.7% the use of Individual Protection Equipment and creating awareness about the use. To minimize accidents with potentially contaminated biological material among nursing students, the need to involve not only students is observed, but also faculty members and professionals from teaching-learning areas, as part of an effective accident prevention and control program.