O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade da água e o grau de contaminação por metais na água, sedimento e peixes no trecho médio da Bacia do rio Doce, no Estado de Minas Gerais. Para tanto, em fevereiro e setembro de 2001, foram feitas análises físicas, químicas e biológicas de amostras de água e sedimento, testes de toxicidade e análises dos tecidos branquiais de peixes. As amostras de água apresentaram concentrações de amônio e fósforo total mais elevadas que o limite estabelecido pela resolução Conama 20/86 em todos os pontos e períodos de coleta. Maiores valores de condutividade elétrica e de compostos nitrogenados e fosfatados foram verificados no ribeirão Timotinho. Neste local, também foram encontradas as maiores concentrações de material em suspensão, carbono e fenóis totais. Em geral, as amostras de sedimento apresentaram baixos teores de matéria orgânica e maior porcentagem de areia dentre as frações granulométricas, tendo sido verificados os maiores valores de nitrogênio total e fósforo total nas amostras de sedimento do ribeirão Timotinho. As concentrações de metais na água estiveram geralmente acima dos limites máximos estabelecidos pela resolução CONAMA 20/86 para águas classe 2, sendo que os pontos de coleta no ribeirão Timotinho e rio Doce/Cenibra apresentaram concentrações muito acima do estabelecido para a maioria dos metais analisados, nos dois períodos de amostragem. Nas amostras de sedimento, as concentrações de Cr estiveram acima de valores encontrados em regiões não impactadas, em ambos os períodos de amostragem. Nos peixes também foram observadas elevadas concentrações de metais, sendo que Geophagus brasiliensis, Oligosarcus argenteus, Hoplias lacerdae e Loricariichthys castaneus; Leporinus sp e Geophagus brasiliensis apresentaram respectivamente níveis de Cr, Pb e Ni acima do permitido pela legislação, indicando processos de bioconcentração e bioacumulação. Os testes de toxicidade aguda e crônica com amostras de sedimento à Daphnia similis, Chironomus xanthus e Ceriodaphnia silvestrii mostraram maiores efeitos de toxicidade no ribeirão Timotinho e rio Doce/Cenibra. Além disso, foram também verificados efeitos de toxicidade crônica no ribeirão do Turvo, rio Matipó e reservatório de Guilmam-Amorim. As análises dos tecidos branquiais revelaram alterações histopatológicas em Tilapia rendalli (aneurismas) e Rhamdia quelen (fusão lamelar) coletados no ribeirão Timotinho e rio Doce/Cenibra, demonstrando que estas e outras espécies estão seriamente expostas à poluentes. / The present study aimed to evaluate water quality and metals contamination levels in water, sediment and fishes of different sampling sites in the middle Doce river basin in Minas Gerais State. Therefore, in February and September of 2001, physical, chemical and biological analyses of water and sediment samples, toxicity tests and branchial tissues analyses of fishes were carried out. The water samples showed higher ammonium and total phosphorus concentrations than the limit established by CONAMA 20/86 in all sites and sampling periods. Higher electric conductivity and nitrogenous and phosphorus compounds were found in Timotinho stream, where were also found the highest concentrations of suspended matter, carbon and total phenols. In general, the sediment samples presented low organic matter values and higher sand percentage among granulometric fractions, with higher values of total phosphorus and nitrogen being found at Timotinho stream. The concentrations of metals in water were generally above the maximum limit established by CONAMA 20/86 for class 2 waters, with much higher values being found at Timotinho stream and Doce river/Cenibra for most metals determined, in both sampling periods. In the sediment samples, the chromium concentrations were above the values found in unimpacted areas, in both sampling periods. High concentrations of metals were also detected in the fishes. Geophagus brasiliensis, Oligosarcus argenteus, Hoplias lacerdae e Loricariichthys castaneus; Leporinus sp and Geophagus brasiliensis respectively presented chromium, lead and nickel values above the established by legislation, indicating bioconcentration and bioaccumulation processes. The acute and chronic toxicity tests with sediment samples to Daphnia similis, Chironomus xanthus and Ceriodaphnia silvestrii showed more toxicity effects at Timotinho stream and Doce river/Cenibra. Moreover, chronic toxicity effects were also detected at Turvo stream, Matipó river and Guilmam-Amorim reservoir. The branchial tissues analyses revealed histopathological alterations in Tilapia rendalli (aneurisms) and Rhamdia quelen (lamellar fusion) collected at Timotinho stream and Doce river/Cenibra, demonstrating that these and other species are seriously exposed to pollutants.

No presente trabalho estudou-se a qualidade de recursos hídricos na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Ribeira de Iguape, localizada na região sudeste do estado de São Paulo. Esta é a única bacia no estado de São Paulo onde a relação disponibilidade de água versus demanda é extremamente positiva. Na região está localizada a maior concentração de Mata Atlântica do país. Atualmente, a agricultura é a principal atividade econômica, destacando-se as culturas do chá e da banana. Avaliou-se o impacto da atividade agrícola na qualidade da água por meio da caracterização da água em áreas de captação superficial e da água destinada ao abastecimento público. Realizou-se uma análise de risco do potencial de contaminação por agrotóxicos em águas superficiais e subterrâneas, analisando as características físico-químicas dos princípios ativos, dos produtos utilizados na região, relacionando-as com os aspectos básicos de meteorologia, hidrologia e características do solo. Realizaram-se 6 campanhas, sendo 5 campanhas no período de março de 2002 a fevereiro de 2003 e uma em janeiro de 2004, em 10 municípios situados ao longo do Rio Ribeira de Iguape e seus principais afluentes. Avaliaram-se os resíduos dos carbamatos (aldicarbe, carbofurano e carbaril), das triazinas (simazina e atrazina) e da nitroanilina (trifluralina) utilizando-se o método por extração em fase sólida e análise por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência acoplada ao detector UV/visível (SPE-LC-UV/vis). Verificou-se que a qualidade da água está relacionada com os períodos de chuva e seca. No início do período chuvoso, observou-se um número maior de amostras positivas com os resíduos de agrotóxicos bem como maior variabilidade nos parâmetros físico-químicos, das amostras de água superficial, devido ao alto índice pluviométrico da região que aumenta a lixiviação do solo. Do total de 152 amostras analisadas somente 24% apresentaram resíduos agrotóxicos. Desenvolveu-se uma metodologia para determinação de carbamatos, atrazinas e triazinas por extração em fase sólida e análise por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência acoplada ao detector espectrometria de massas Tandem (SPE-LC-MS/MS). O método mostrou-se eficiente na determinação destes compostos,apresentando ótima sensibilidade e seletividade. Aplicou-se o método nas amostras coletadas em janeiro de 2004 e devido a sua sensibilidade, o carbofurano foi identificado nas 20 amostras analisadas, sendo que em três das amostras de água tratada apresentou o produto de degradação, 3–OH–carbofurano. Verificou-se que a Bacia já apresenta indícios de uso de agrotóxico na agricultura, embora, as concentrações observadas não comprometam a qualidade da água para o abastecimento humano. Realizou-se uma avaliação crítica da legislação vigente pertinente (Portaria no 518/MS/04) e sua comparação com normas e legislações, tanto nacionais quanto internacionais. Discutiu-se a sua aplicação a partir de critérios tais como prazo legal de cumprimento, facilidade e dificuldades técnicas (análises físico-químicas, ensaios acreditados e logísticas) e custos. / This research was focused on the assessment of the water quality of Ribeira de Iguape River Basin, located in the Southeastern region of São Paulo State, where the ratio of water availability against demand is high. Reminiscent of Atlantic Forest represents high occupation of this area in Brazil. Agriculture is the main economic activity in the region, with tea and banana as the main crops. The impact of agricultural activities on the environment has been characterized in both the surface water areas of catchments and drinking water. For superficial and underground waters, risk analysis of the contamination by pesticides was carried out, correlating the physicochemical properties of the active compounds used in the region with some basic aspects of meteorology, hydrology and soil characteristics. Water samplings were carried out during the period March/2002 -February/2003, and during January/2004 in 10 different catchments points along River Ribeira de Iguape and its main tributaries. Solid-phase extraction followed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with UV/Vis detection (SPE-LC-UV/vis) was used as an analytical method to monitor various classes of pesticides such as carbamates (aldicarb, carbofuran and carbaryl), triazines (simazine and atrazine), and nitroanilines (trifluralin). The results revealed that the water quality is associated with the season of rains and dries. Due to the high precipitation index in the beginning of the rainy season, pesticide residues were found in most samples, and high variability in their physicochemical properties was observed. Form 152 samples analyzed, only 24% showed the presence of pesticide. The specificity and sensitivity in the pesticides analyses was enhanced by a methodology employing solid-phase extraction followed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-LC-MS/MS). Specifically, this method was applied to all samples collected in January of 2004. Carbofuran and its metabolite 3-OH-carbofuran were detected in 20 and three of the samples, respectively. Although the observed low pesticide concentrations should not compromise the water quality for drinking, the present work demonstrates the impact of pesticides use in agriculture. In a complementary study, the current guidelines for drinking-water standards (no 518/MS/04) were critically evaluated and discussed by comparing national and international rules and regulations. Technical applicability of the legislation, the difficulty to comply with the imposed deadlines, and the costs of attending such requisites has been further discussed, as well.

Orientador: Igor Paiva Ramos / Resumo: Empreendimentos hidroelétricos podem desencadear alterações no ciclo hidrológico, desequilíbrio dos ecossistemas aquáticos e facilitar a introdução de espécies de peixes não-nativas. Contudo, essas espécies também podem apresentar grande representatividade na pesca artesanal e esportiva, tornando-se uma importante fonte de renda local. Dessa forma, o estudo de espécies não-nativas, suas origens, hábitos e posições tróficas, além de suas habilidades que garantem a permanência e o sucesso no estabelecimento em novos ambientes, são relevantes. Dentre tais espécies não-nativas, Geophagus sveni destaca-se como uma das espécies mais importantes para pesca artesanal na região Noroeste do estado de São Paulo. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar e correlacionar a composição alimentar, composição bromatológica do tecido muscular, perfil de ácidos graxos do tecido muscular e hepático, além de identificar possíveis parasitos musculares em G. sveni nos períodos chuvoso e seco, no reservatório de Jupiá, alto rio Paraná, Brasil. Foram realizadas duas coletas, uma ao final do período chuvoso (março/2018) e outra ao final do período seco (agosto/2018), no reservatório de Jupiá (20°30'33.4"S 51°27'19.7"W). Os espécimes coletados foram eutanasiados e, em seguida, tiveram mensuradas massa total, comprimento padrão e o sexo determinado visualmente. Geophagus sveni apresentou hábito alimentar detritívoro, além de plasticidade e oportunismo trófico. Sua composição alimentar foi sign... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Hydroelectric developments can trigger changes in the hydrological cycle, imbalance in aquatic ecosystems and facilitate the introduction of non-native fish species. However, these species can also be highly representative in artisanal and sport fishing, becoming an important source of local income. Thus, the study of non-native species, their origins, habits and trophic positions, in addition to their skills that guarantee permanence and success in the establishment of new environments, are relevant. Among these non-native species, Geophagus sveni is provided as one of the most important species for artisanal fisheries in the Northwest region of the state of São Paulo. This study aimed to characterize and correlate the food composition, the bromatological composition of muscle tissue, the fatty acid profile of the muscle and liver tissue, in addition to identifying possible muscle parasites of Geophagus sveni in the rainy and dry periods, in the Jupiá reservoir, on the Paraná River, Brazil. Two collections were made, one at the end of the rainy period (March/2018) and another at the end of the dry period (August/2018), at the Jupiá reservoir (20°30'33.4"S 51°27'19.7"W). The collected specimens were euthanized and, afterwards, total mass and standard length were measured, as well as sex determined visually. Geophagus sveni presented detritivorous eating habits, in addition to plasticity and trophic opportunism. Their food composition was significantly different only between t... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

This research set out to develop a deeper theoretical component to the emerging discipline of hydropolitics by studying the political aspects of institutional developments in the water sector. The focal point was the four international river basins that are shared between South Africa and six of its neighbouring states. The study found that while there is a lot of evidence for the securitization of water resource management in South Africa’s international river basins, there are also a number of examples of regimes. The creation of these regimes was driven primarily by threat perceptions relating to state security, mostly during the period of apartheid and the Cold War. These regimes were mostly robust and served as a valuable instrument for the de-escalation of conflict, which was primarily of a high politics nature. Examples of both plus-sum and zero-sum outcomes have been isolated. Plus-sum outcomes arose when the non-hegemonic state chose to view the offer of a regime in terms of national self-interest with four examples of this condition. In all four cases the non-hegemonic state benefited from cooperation with South Africa. Zero-sum outcomes arose when the non-hegemonic state chose to view the offer of a regime in terms of ideology with two examples of this condition. In both cases the non-hegemonic state did not benefit and was sidelined to the extent that they became marginalized and worse off than before. In all cases the hegemonic state benefited from the regime. The research consequently showed that a hydropolitical complex is emerging in Southern Africa, clustered around two international river basins, the Orange and Limpopo, which have been defined as pivotal basins. Both of these basins have reached the limit of their readily available water resources and future development is not possible on any great scale. Four of the most economically developed states in Southern Africa (Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe and South Africa) are riparians on these two international river basins, and have been defined as pivotal states. Other less developed countries that share any international river basin with a pivotal state have been defined as an impacted state, because their own development aspirations have been capped through this association. Any international river basin that has at least one of the pivotal states in it has been defined an impacted basin. Finally, this research showed that regimes create a plus-sum outcome in closed international river basins because they reduce the levels of uncertainty and institutionalize the conflict potential. As such regimes are a useful instrument with which to regulate inter-state behavior, leading over time to the development of institutions consisting of rules and procedures. / Thesis (DPhil (International Politics))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Political Sciences / unrestricted

Die Dissertation befasst sich mit der integrierten Bewirtschaftungsplanung von Flusseinzugsgebieten. Die europäische Wasserrahmenrichtlinie (WRRL, 2000/60/EG) und die europäische Hochwasserrichtlinie (HWRL, 2007/60/EG) setzen dafür neue Maßstäbe, indem beide die Mitgliedsstaaten zur Aufstellung einzugsgebietsbezogener Planungsinstrumente verpflichten. In der Arbeit werden eingangs die wesentlichen Prozesse, theoretischen Modelle und Ansatzpunkte für ein integriertes Management von Flusseinzugsgebieten vorgestellt. Die Anforderungen an Bewirtschaftungspläne und Maßnahmenprogramme der WRRL werden den Vorgaben für die Erstellung der Hochwasserrisikomanagementpläne und ihren planerischen Grundlagen gemäß HWRL gegenübergestellt. Potenzielle Synergien und Konflikte zwischen den Zielen und Maßnahmen werden identifiziert. Der Vergleich der Planungsschritte und -methoden zeigt, dass Abstimmungsbedarf zwischen den Planungsinstrumenten des Flussgebiets- und Hochwasserrisikomanagements für sämtliche Planungsschritte besteht, von der Systemanalyse bis zur Maßnahmenumsetzung. Darauf aufbauend wird ein Konzept für eine integrierte Bewirtschaftungsplanung entwickelt. Das Konzept besteht aus einzelnen fachlich-methodischen Planungsmodulen für jeden Planungsschritt. Sie können im Zusammenhang oder für sich genommen zur Abstimmung zwischen den Plänen des Flussgebiets- und Hochwasserrisikomanagements dienen. Abschließend werden die fachlichen und organisatorischinstitutionellen Potenziale des Konzepts diskutiert und weitergehender Forschungsbedarf aufgezeigt. / The thesis addresses the integrated planning of river basins. For this, the European Water Framework Directive (WFD, 2000/60/EC) and the Floods Directive (FD, 2007/60/EC) are setting new benchmarks by committing its member states to set up river basin-wide management plans. At the beginning of the thesis, the most important processes, theoretical models and options of intervention for integrated river basin management are introduced. The requirements for the river basin management plans and the programmes of measures of the WFD will be contrasted with the specifications for the flood risk management plans according to the FD and their fundamental planning documents. Potential synergies and conflicts between the objectives and measures are identified. The comparison of the planning steps and methods show that all planning steps, from the systems analysis to the implementation of measures, require a coordination of the planning instruments of river basin management and flood risk management. Based on these findings, a concept of integrated river basin management planning is developed. The concept is composed of planning modules for each planning step. For the reconciliation between the plans of river basin management and flood risk management, those planning modules can be used in combination or separately. Finally, the technical and institutional potentials of the concept are discussed. Need for further research is identified.

Der großräumige Abbau von Braunkohle in der Lausitz führte in der Vergangenheit zu einer extremen Beeinflussung des Wasserhaushaltes im Einzugsgebiet der Spree. Mit dem Beginn der Sanierung und Flutung der Tagebaue kommt es nun langfristig zu einer verstärkten Nutzung der existierenden Oberflächengewässer und der Einbindung der entstehenden Tagebaurestseen in das Fließgewässernetz. Die Kopplung von Mengenbewirtschaftungsmodellen mit Gütemodellen berücksichtigt die Verfügbarkeit und Verteilung der begrenzten Ressource Wasser im Einzugsgebiet und der aus der Bewirtschaftung resultierenden Gewässergüte. Dies entspricht auch dem Leitbild der EU-WRRL (2000) für ein integriertes Flussgebietsmanagement, was eine einzugsgebietsbezogene Betrachtung der vorhandenen Ressourcen unter Berücksichtigung aller beeinflussten und beeinflussenden Kriterien fordert. Werden Modelle, die unterschiedlich sensitive und komplexe Systeme abbilden, miteinander gekoppelt, erfordert dies eine Anpassung der Datenstruktur und der zeitlichen Skalen. Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit war die Entwicklung einfacher, robuster Simulationswerkzeuge für die Prognose der Gewässergüte in den Talsperren Bautzen und Quitzdorf. Als Basis diente das komplexe Standgewässergütemodell SALMO. Das Modell wurde zunächst um einfache Algorithmen ergänzt, so dass es trotz einer angepassten, stark reduzierten Datengrundlage, plausible Ergebnisse simulierte. Stochastisch erzeugte Bewirtschaftungsszenarien und die komplex simulierten Modellergebnisse bezüglich der resultierenden Gewässergüte, wurden als Trainingsdaten für ein Künstliches Neuronales Netz (ANN) genutzt. Die für beide Talsperren trainierten ANN sind als effektive Black-Box-Module in der Lage, das komplexe Systemverhalten des deterministischen Modells SALMO widerzuspiegeln. Durch eine Kopplung der entwickelten ANN mit dem Bewirtschaftungsmodell WBalMo ist es möglich, Bewirtschaftungsalternativen hinsichtlich ihrer Konsequenzen für die Gewässergüte zu bewerten. ANN sind systemgebundene Modelle, die nicht auf andere Gewässersysteme übertragen werden können. Allerdings stellt die hier erarbeitete Methodik einen fundierten Ansatz dar, der für die Entwicklung weiterer aggregierter Gütemodule im Rahmen integrierter Bewirtschaftungsmodelle angewendet werden kann. / The large-scale extraction of lignite in Lusatia in the past had an extreme impact on the water balance of the Spree river catchment. The restoration and flooding of the opencast pits put heavy demand on existing surface waters for a long time period. The resulting artificial lakes have to be integrated in the riverine network. The coupling of management models and water quality models allows to consider both availability and distribution of limited water resources in the catchment and resulting water quality. This is corresponding to the principles of the EU-WFD for integrated river basin management, which is a basin-related consideration of available resources taking into account all influencing and influenced characteristics. Adjustment of data structure and time scale is necessary if models describing unequally sensitive and complex systems are to be coupled. Main focus of this task was to develop simple and robust simulation tools for the prediction of water quality in the reservoirs Bautzen and Quitzdorf. The complex water quality model SALMO served as a basis. In a first step, simple algorithms had to be amended in order to generate plausible simulation results despite of an adapted reduced data base. Stochastically generated management scenarios and complex simulated model results regarding the resulting water quality were employed as training data for an Artificial Neuronal Network (ANN). The trained ANN’s are efficient black box modules. As such they are able to mirror complex system behaviour of the deterministic model SALMO. By coupling the developed ANN with the management model WBalMo it is possible to evaluate management strategies in terms of their impact on the quality of the water bodies. ANN’s are system-linked models. A transfer to other aquatic systems is not possible. However, the methodology developed here represents an in-depth approach which is applicable to the development of further aggregated water quality models in the framework of integrated management models.

This work deals with the evaluation of snow cover and snow spatial distribution in experimental Zbytinský and Tetřivči stream basin. Snow mesaurements were focused on snow depth and a snow water equivalent. Interpolation metods and detailed monitoring of rainfall-flow process were applied in the period of the winter half-year 2009 - 2011. The effects of geografic factors on spatial distribution of snow cover in the accumulation period and in the snow melting period were analysed. The analysis of physical geografic factors effect was focused on vegetation, exposure, slope, wind flow and shading. Results confirmed the strong effect of vegetation in the accumulation and snow melting period. Other physical geografic effects on spatial distribution of snow cover were not so significant. The model HEC-HMS was applied to determine the runoff in both stream basins. Simulations result in the winter half-year period reached good agreement between observed and simulated hydrographs. Effects of snow cover contribution to runoff in the snow melting period in wooded Tetřívčí stream basin and also in antropogenic Zbytinský stream basin were proved based on simulations of outflow and snow water equivalent. Key words: snow depth, snow water equivalent, HEC-HMS, Blanice River basin, Zbytinský stream, Tetřívčí stream

<p>Osnovni cilj istraživanja je razvoj metodologije za okvirno vrednovanje uticaja<br />režima padavina na retencioni kapacitet sliva i upravljanje vodama. Formulisana<br />je originalna jednačine za indikator retencionog kapaciteta neizučenog sliva, u<br />funkciji kratkotrajnih jakih ki&scaron;a i prirodnih karakteristika čiji je uticaj na brzinu i<br />količinu oticaja sa sliva moguće nedvosmisleno kvantifikovati.Ovo je omogućilo<br />vrednovanje indikatora retencionog kapaciteta sliva, lociranje i procena uticaja<br />različitih mera na vrednost indikatora, kao i procenu uticaja predloženih mera na<br />sintetičke jedinične hidrograme. Praktičnost metodologije se ogleda u efikasnosti<br />sagledavanja uticaja predloženih mera, dono&scaron;enju odluka o njihovoj lokaciji na<br />slivu i primeni. Na ovaj način, dobijen je koristan alat za dobijanje informacija od<br />značaja za dono&scaron;enje odluka u sektoru voda i ostalim sektorima.</p> / <p>The main goal of this research is methodology development for assessment of the<br />rainfall impact on river basin retention capacity and water management. The original<br />equation is developed for the ungauged river basin retention capacity indicator in terms<br />of short-term heavy rainfall and natural features whose influence on the speed and the amount of surface runoff from the basin can be clearly quantified. This enabled the evaluation of the retention capacity indicator, location and evaluation of the effect of<br />different NWRM scenarios, as well as the assessment of the impact of the proposed<br />NWRM to synthetic unit hydrograph. Methodology convenience is reflected in the<br />efficiency of identifying the impact of the proposed measures, decisions on their<br />location in the basin and implementation. In this way, there has been a useful tool<br />obtained for providing the information relevant to decision-making in the water sector<br />and other sectors.</p>

The growing pressure on the world‘s fresh water resources is enforced by population growth that leads to conflicts between demands for different purposes. A main concern on water use is the conflict between the environment and other purposes like hydropower, irrigation for agriculture and domestic and industry water supply, where total flows are diverted without releasing water for ecological conservation. As a consequence, some of the common problems related to water faced by many countries are shortage, quality deterioration and flood impacts. Hence, utilization of integrated water resources management in a single system, which is built up by river basin, is an optimum way to handle the question of water. However, in many areas, when planning for balancing water demands major gaps exist on baseline knowledge of water resources. In order to bridge these gaps, hydro-logical models are among the available tools used to acquire adequate understanding of the characteristics of the river basin. Apart from forecasting and predicting the quantity and quality of water for decision makers, some models could also help in predicting the impacts of natural and anthropogenic changes on water resources and also in quantifying the spatial and temporal availability of the resources. However, main challenges lie in choosing and utilizing these models for a specific basin and managerial plan. In this study, an analysis of the different types of models and application of a selected model to characterize the Awash River basin, located in Ethiopia, is presented. The results from the modeling procedure and the performance of the model are discussed. The different possible sources of uncertainties in the modeling process are also discussed. The results indicate dissimilar predictions in using different methods; hence proper care must be taken in selecting and employing available methods for a specific watershed prior to presenting the results to decision makers. / QC 20110516

A multi purpose dam called Bili bili have been built in Jeneberang river basin in easternIndonesia in 1999 and providing water available to all customers. In 2004 a landslide occurredand impact to the quality of raw water, especially the amount of turbidity, dramaticallyincreased. Landslide problems started with high sedimentation rates to water infrastructures.Technically the lifetime of Bili bili multi purpose dam and reservoirs will be shorter thanplanned. In contrast, we understand and agreed that sustainable development and ensuring thecurrent use of a water resource as well as a dam should compromise its use by future generation.To reach progress in sustainability we need to establish governance structures and practices thatcan foster, guide and coordinated positive work by a host of actors on a complex of issues.Today, Indonesian Central Government is planning to establish a public corporate participationto comprehensive water resources management in eastern Indonesia. The important significant ofstakeholders in order to develop comprehensive approaches, are water agencies: regional andlocal water institution that will manage catchments areas, water infrastructures and water utilitiesas provider of drinking water to municipalities. They will be acquainted to the water and waterinstitutional capacity problems. This research examines both the current impacts on and potential future for water management ineastern Indonesia. One of the objectives of this research will be to described the current of waterresource organization, which is related to establishing of a public corporate, not onlystakeholders involvement; management and organization; but also finances and investments;operation; distribution; regulation and policy. One objective of this research will be measured byconducting interactive interviews and dialogue with the representatives of the stakeholders. Thelast objective is evaluating the Human Resources Development performances of water resourcesmanagement by a series of workshops. Additionally, some recommendations for a future watersupply system will be provided as an input for the government and local authority in order toimprove the capacity and water resources management in eastern Indonesia. The results conclude that to meet the Millennium Development Goals, the establishment of apublic corporate for supporting Indonesia’s process of decentralization is necessary where thelocal level include customers can be a much more dynamic interaction between providers ofservices and water users. A participatory method is useful to raise problems, so while the CentralGovernment can mandate a minimum service standard and the achievements of these standardscan be monitored directly at the local level. Accountability of water resources development should be considered as a vehicle when aproblem occurs with insufficiency of the existing water facilities and a big demand of waterpurposes. / www.ima.kth.se