Housed among the anonymous manuscripts in the Barberini Collection of the Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Oratorio per la Settimana Santa is a prototypical example of oratorio volgare (Italian-language oratorio) from mid-seventeenth-century Rome. Written in two parts and scored for two violins, continuo, three- and five-part chorus, and soli, this oratorio was once attributed to Luigi Rossi (c.1598-1653) and was believed to be composed during his service to the Barberini family prior to their departure from Rome in 1645, though this attribution has since been called into question. Regardless, Oratorio per la Settimana Santa holds an important place in the development of the Roman oratorio as a genre as well as that of the Passion, specifically the Passion oratorio. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that Oratorio per la Settimana Santa can be made accessible to modern choral-instrumental ensembles through the creation of an historically informed performance edition of the work that incorporates the latest scholarship on editorial and performing practices of the early Baroque. This document provides the background information that is most relevant to the creation of the edition and an informed performance. As well, it offers a discussion of the editorial practices that were used in the creation of the edition and a presentation of select performance-practice considerations that should be taken into account when producing a performance of the oratorio. The document culminates with a performance edition of Oratorio per la Settimana Santa in its entirety with accompanying edition notes.

Le Gravettien est le deuxième ensemble chrono-culturelle du Paléolithique supérieur après l’Aurignacien. La diffusion du Gravettien en Europe s’est produite rapidement, entre 30.000 et 20.000 ans BP. Pendant cette période, l’instabilité climatique due à l’approche du LGM a engendré la formation d’environnements différents. En particulier, la péninsule italienne était divisée en deux régions par la chaîne des Apennins: la côte adriatique, froide et aride à Est et la côte tyrrhénienne plus tempérée, à Ouest. Cette dernière fait l’objet de la présente étude. Dans le but de comprendre les stratégies de mobilité adoptées par les groupes gravettiens et leur développement, plusieurs assemblages lithiques ont été analysés. Notamment, la séquence gravettienne du Riparo Mochi (Balzi Rossi, Ligurie – Italie), qui livre une des plus importantes stratigraphies du Paléolithique supérieur italien, a été entièrement étudiée. À l’intérieur du complexe archéologique des Balzi Rossi, une comparaison directe a été faite avec la collection gravettienne de la Grotte des Enfants. Plusieurs collections mineures provenant de sites provençaux ont été examinées, en permettant d’effectuer une comparaison avec les données des Balzi Rossi. Enfin, l’analyse du site de Bilancino situé en Toscane (Italie) a rendu possible de contextualiser le Gravettien entre l’arc liguro-provençal et l’Italie. La relation entre les aspects techno-typologiques et la provenance des matières premières fournit des avancées importantes dans notre compréhension du comportement des chasseur-cueilleurs qui ont habités ces sites et permet de discuter la chronologie et la mobilité territoriale du Gravettien tyrrhénien. / The Gravettian is the second chrono-cultural complex of the Upper Paleolithic after the Aurignacian. The Gravettian diffusion, throughout Europe, took place in a short span of time between 30.000 and 20.000 years BP. During this period, the climate instability due to the LGM approach created different environments. Particularly, Italy was split in two regions separated by the Apennine mountains: the cold and arid Adriatic coast on the first hand and the more temperate Tyrrhenian coast on the other hand. The latter region is the main object of this research. With the aim to understand the development and the mobility strategies used by the Gravettian groups in this area, several lithic assemblages have been analyzed. Specifically, the Gravettian sequence of Riparo Mochi (Balzi Rossi, Liguria - Italy), providing one of the most important stratigraphy of the Italian Upper Paleolithic, has been entirely studied. Inside the Balzi Rossi archaeological complex a direct comparison has been provided by the Gravettian collection of Grotta dei Faniculli. Moreover, some other smaller collections coming from the Provence area have been studied, allowing a comparison with the Balzi Rossi area. Finally, the site of Bilancino located in Tuscany let to contextualize the Gravettian between the liguro-provençal arc and Italy. The relation between techno-typological aspects and the raw materials provenance gives important advances in our comprehension of the behavior of the hunter-gatherer groups who inhabited the sites, discussing the timing and territorial mobility of the Tyrrhenian Gravettian.

Trata sobre a biblioteca que pertenceu ao pintor Paulo Rossi Osir e foi adquirida pelo Museu de Arte Contemporanea MAC USP em 1963. / The texts deals about the library that belonged to the painter Paulo Rossi Osir and has been acquiried by the Museum of the Contemporary Art MAC of the University of Sao Paulo USP in 1963.

The purpose of this thesis is to discuss the stylistic development of the Italian architect Aldo Rossi from Modern to Post-Modern design. A summary of the Modern architectural movement is presented along with an analysis of the developments in Post-Modern architecture since 1960. The influence of Italian culture on Rossi's career is discussed through a brief survey of Ancient Roman archetypal motifs and Italian architecture of the early 20th century. Several key buildings proposed or constructed by Rossi from 1960-1990 are discussed based on his concepts of analogy, typology, morphology and rationalism.

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A hypercoagulable state has been demonstrated in human falciparum malaria in mild and complicated forms of the disease. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was implicated by some authors, but deemed a rare occurrence by others. The possibility of coagulopathy in Babesia canis rossi infections in the canine patient has also been suggested in the literature, but minimal work has been done to evaluate the clinicopathological nature of it in further detail. In the canine babesiosis (CB) pathogenesis thought-process, DIC has been implicated. A DIC-like syndrome, as evidenced by intravascular fibrin deposition and haemorrhage into muscles and tissues was found at post mortem in one study. On the basis of these findings, it was postulated that DIC might be a serious complication of severe Babesia infection in the dog. Clinical DIC (haemorrhagic diathesis) is however seldom seen. It was also hypothesised in the literature that the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) demonstrated in the complicated form of Babesia was caused, in addition to tissue damage due to local hypoxia, by microthrombi as a result of a coagulopathy. This needs to be further investigated. Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) has not been implicated in CB, however thromboemboli in the lungs were found in dogs with immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia (IMHA) for which a similar mechanism of venous stasis, hypercoagulability and endothelial damage (as found in CB) is proposed. In humans, PTE is believed to be a major underdiagnosed contributor to mortality in 5 to 15% of hospitalised adults. If early diagnosis of PTE can be achieved, the mortality rate can certainly be decreased. A similar situation with resultant serious implications in complicated CB cases may exist. Clinically, PTE is suspected if a patient with a known prothrombotic condition develops sudden dyspnoea and tachypnoea. These clinical symptoms are frequently seen in complicated CB patients and may, in addition to being a compensatory mechanism for the metabolic acidosis and anaemia, be attributed to thrombus-induced mechanical changes in lung function. Pulmonary scintigraphy provides a sensitive means of diagnosing PTE. It was (and some authors still do) believed that a ventilation scintigraphic scan should be done in association with a perfusion scan to increase the specificity and accuracy of diagnoses. However, authors of the recent PISA-PED study in humans proposed that the sensitivity and specificity of a perfusion scan, without a ventilation scan, in patients with suspected PTE was sufficient. The incidence of PTE or the use of pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy in CB dogs has never been studied. The objective of this study was to prospectively evaluate the scintigraphic pulmonary perfusion pattern in hospitalised Babesia dogs in an attempt to ascertain whether a scintigraphic pattern consistent with PTE does indeed occur in these patients. The study consisted of a normal control group of nine mature healthy Beagle dogs aged 36 – 43 months and weighing 9.9 – 15kg and a Babesia group with 14 dogs of a variety of breeds that were naturally infected with Babesia, aged 6 – 103 months and weighing 6.3 – 25.5kg. Pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy was performed after making thoracic radiographs and performing a blood gas analysis in both groups. The scintigraphic images were visually inspected for changes suggestive of PTE. Surprisingly, not a single dog in the Babesia group had segmental or wedge-shaped perfusion defects which would have resulted in a high probability for PTE. The scintigraphic pulmonary perfusion pattern demonstrated was not significantly different between the two groups (p = 1.00). Many dogs in both groups had a mottled appearance on the right and left dorsal oblique images, which was not believed to be consistent with clinically relevant PTE. This study provides baseline data that may be used to further investigate the pulmonary perfusion pattern in Babesia dogs. / Dissertation (MMedVet (Diagnostic Imaging))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Companion Animal Clinical Studies / unrestricted

Abnormal carbohydrate metabolism is a commonly encountered feature of malaria in people, and similar derangements have been detected in veterinary patients with canine babesiosis. Glucose, the major metabolic fuel source, is a key resource in critically ill patients as they mount an immunological response to infection and inflammation. The ability of the individual to effectively mobilise, distribute and utilise glucose is a major determinant of morbidity and mortality. Hypoglycaemia has been identified as a life threatening metabolic complication in almost 20% of severely ill dogs suffering from babesiosis due to Babesia rossi infection. Insulin and glucagon are the primary hormones involved in glucose homeostasis. Insulin lowers blood glucose concentration by facilitating cellular uptake and utilisation of glucose. Hyperinsulinaemia as a result of inappropriate insulin secretion may precipitate hypoglycaemia, and has been identif ed as a cause of hypoglycaemia in human and murine malaria. A similar phenomenon may exist in canine babesiosis. This prospective, cross-sectional, observational study, including 94 dogs with naturally acquired virulent babesiosis, sought to investigate and characterise the relationship between blood glucose concentrations and insulin concentrations in cases of canine babesiosis. Pre-treatment jugular blood samples were collected for simultaneous determination of plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. Animals were retrospectively divided into three groups: hypoglycaemic (plasma glucose concentration < 3.3 mmol/L; n=16), normoglycaemic (3.3-5.5 mmol/L; n=62), and hyperglycaemic (> 5.5 mmol/L; n=16). The median plasma insulin concentrations (IQR in parentheses) for the hypoglycaemic, normoglycaemic and hyperglycaemic groups were 10.7 pmol/L (10.7-18.8 pmol/L), 10.7 pmol/L (10.7-29.53 pmol/L; i.e below the detection limit of the assay), and 21.7 pmol/L (10.7-45.74 pmol/L), respectively. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in insulin concentration between the three groups. These results suggest that insulin secretion was appropriately suppressed in these dogs. Only two dogs had elevated insulin concentrations, one of which was hypoglycaemic. The median time since last meal (available for 87 dogs) was 24 hours (IQR 2-4 days), constituting a significant period of illness-induced starvation. We conclude that hyperinsulinaemia is not a cause of hypoglycaemia in virulent canine babesiosis. It is speculated that prolonged fasting due to disease-induced anorexia, in addition to increased glucose consumption, depletion of hepatic glycogen stores, and hepatic dysfunction with impaired gluconeogenesis, may play important roles in the pathophysiology of hypoglycaemia in canine babesiosis. / Dissertation (MMedVet)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Companion Animal Clinical Studies / unrestricted

Acute phase proteins (APP) are ideal biomarkers for inflammation due to their stability, relative ease of assay and apparent relation between their concentration and the extent of the insult to tissue. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a positive major APP in dogs and can be used as a predictive marker for risk of disease and to monitor the response to treatment. Increased concentrations in certain diseases are associated with poor outcome. This cross-sectional, observational study of 75 dogs naturally infected with Babesia rossi, a cause of virulent canine babesiosis, was designed to examine the association of CRP concentration at admission and the magnitude of CRP change 24 hours after admission with outcome. Dogs were excluded if there was evidence of concurrent inflammatory diseases at the time of admission, infection with subtypes other than B. rossi, concurrent Ehrlichia canis infections or euthanasia for reasons other than poor prognosis. Diagnosis was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and reverse line blot. CRP concentrations were determined by an automated human CRP Turbidometric Immunoassay (TIA), previously validated for use in dogs (Bayer CRP TIA, Newbury, UK), on serum samples collected by jugular venipuncture on admission, prior to any therapy, and thereafter daily until discharge or death. There was no significant difference in admission CRP concentration between survivors (n = 57; median = 97.4 mg/l; mean ± SD = 107.5 ± 49.5), and non-survivors (n = 11; median = 101.4 mg/l; mean ± SD = 122.1 ± 64.6) (p = 0.39). After elimination of non-significant predictors, a multiple exact logistic regression model for predicting mortality contained glucose and CRP. Mortality was associated with decreased glucose levels (p = 0.0002) and increased CRP levels (p = 0.045) on admission. Multiple regression analysis failed to show a significant relationship between admission CRP concentration and number of days of hospitalization in the survivors, adjusting for age and sex (p = 0.65). No significance was found in the relationship between the magnitude of change in CRP concentration 24 hours after admission, and the number of days of hospitalization in survivors, (p = 0.34). Using an admission CRP concentration cut-off of 60 mg/l, survival proportions between the two groups were no different (p = 0.34) and when applied to the group of dogs that survived, it was not associated with length of hospitalization (p = 0.25). In corroboration with previous reports glucose was identified as a major prognostic marker for mortality, but additionally the pro-inflammatory marker CRP was identified as a significant co-prognosticator. Copyright / Dissertation (MMedVet)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Companion Animal Clinical Studies / unrestricted

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