Video Encryption is nearly the best method for blocking unwanted seizures and viewing of any transmitted video or information. There are several useful techniques that are available for encryping videos. However, one of the unique speciality for human eye is spotting the irregularity in videos due to weak video decoding or weak choice of video encryption hardware. Because of this situation, it is very important to select the right hardware or else our video transmissions may not be secured or our decoded video may be un-watchable. Every technique has advantages and disadvantages over other technical methods.   Line-cut and rotate video encryption method is maybe the best way of acquiring safe, secured and good quality encypted videos. In this method, every line in the video frame cuts and rotates from different points and these cut points are created from a random matrix. The advantage of this method is to supply a coherent video signal, gives an excellent amount of darkness, as well as good decode quality and stableness. On the other hand it’s disadvantages is to have complex timing control and needs specialized encryption equipment.

Orientador: Prof.Dr.Arnaldo Rodrigues dos Santos Jr / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnociência, 2016. / A rotofiação é uma técnica recente que surgiu para melhorar a taxa de produção de fibras que podem ser usadas na regeneração ou cicatrização tecidual. Existe um interesse crescente no desenvolvimento de matrizes poliméricas com o objetivo de auxiliar a cicatrização.Foi utilizadas soluções poliméricas compostas por PCL/PLLA (50/50%) com e sem tetraciclina (TC), nas concentrações de 3%, 5%, 7%(m/v) dissolvidos em clorofórmio e uma variação produzida com 5% (m/v) utilizando 20% de acetona e 80% de clorofórmio como solventes, que denominamos de 20:80(v/v). As soluções foram padronizadas em volume de 10ml para serem rotofiadas e formaram fibras e membranas, fato não relatado na literatura. Constatou-se que a produção aumenta juntamente coma utilização de soluções poliméricas mais concentradas, visto que a solução 3% não produziu fibras e a 7% foi a que resultou em maior quantidade. O teste de viscosidade demonstrou a relação direta entre o aumento da viscosidade com o aumento da concentração de polímero. A TC interferiu na morfologia das membranas e fibras, tanto na porosidade quanto na espessura. Na análise de espessura das membranas foi verificado que as soluções mais viscosas produzem membranas mais espessas. A espectroscopia no infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR) no módulo de refletância total atenuada (ATR) demonstrou picos característicos de PCL/ PLLA e TC. O microscópio invertido de fluorescência foi utilizado para análise de incorporação e quantificação da TC, a incorporação da TC foi confirmada pela emissão de fluorescência somente nas amostras contendo TC. A análise microbiológica foi realizada em cultura de bactérias Staphylococcus aureus em todas as membranas e somente na fibra 7%, no teste em placas de Petri a formação de halo de inibição representou a atividade antibacteriana em todas as amostras, um teste de diluição em caldo foi realizado e confirmou o resultado somente nas membranas com TC, as fibras não mostraram capazes de matar as bactérias.Foram feitos 2 testes de citotoxicicidade, o primeiro com células inoculadas diretamente sobre o material por um período de 48h mostrou que as amostras com TC eram tóxicas, o segundo foi realizado um tratamento retirando o excesso de TC sobrenadante e apresentou resultado oposto nas membranas, com formação de tapete celular em todas as amostras, exceto nas fibras 7%T, indicando que a morte celular ocorria pelo excesso de TC liberada num primeiro momento nas membranas, porém, nas fibras esse tratamento não foi eficaz. A análise citoquímica mostrou a presença de células em todas as membranas e nas fibras 7% controle, porém, notamos ausência de células nas fibras 7%T corroborando com a citotoxicidade apresentada. Os resultados indicam que a técnica de rotofiação produz fibras e membranas com alta porosidade utilizando baixas concentrações de polímeros, em quantidades satisfatórias para as fibras a partir da concentração de 7%. A concentração de TC necessita de ajuste para excluir a citotoxicidade. As amostras controles não apresentaram citotoxicidade sendo indicadas para testes in vivo. Este trabalho pretende colaborar com as poucas informações sobre a técnica de rotofiação. / The centrifugal spinning is a recent technique that has emerged for improving the production of fibers which can be used in tissue regeneration or healing. There is growing interest in the development of polymer matrices in order to promote the wound healing mainly due to the limitations of available products. Polymer solutions composed of PCL/PLLA (50/50%) with and without tetracycline (TC) were used in the concentrations of 3%, 5%, 7% (m/v) dissolved in chloroform and a variation produced with 5% (m/v) using 20% acetone and 80% chloroform as solvents, which we call 20:80 (v/v). The solutions were standardized in 10 ml volume to be rotofied and formed fibers and membranes, which has not yet been reported in the literature. It was found that the production increases along with the use of more concentrated polymer solutions, since the 3% solution did not produce fibers and 7% resulted in higher amounts. The viscosity test demonstrated a direct relationship between increasing viscosity with increasing polymer concentration. CT interfered in the morphology of membranes and fibers, both in porosity and thickness. In the analysis of the thickness of the membranes it was verified that the more viscous solutions produce thicker membranes. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in the attenuated total reflectance (ATR) module demonstrated characteristic peaks of PCL/PLLA and TC. The fluorescence inverted microscope was used for CT incorporation and quantification analysis, the TC incorporation was confirmed by the emission of fluorescence only in samples containing TC. Microbiological analysis was performed on culture of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in all membranes and only on 7% fiber, in the Petri dish test the inhibition halo formation represented antibacterial activity in all samples, a broth dilution test was Performed and confirmed the result only on TC membranes, the fibers were not able to kill the bacteria. Two cytotoxicity tests were performed, the first with cells inoculated directly on the material for a period of 48h showed that the TC samples were toxic, the second was a treatment removing the excess TC presented opposite result in the membranes, with Cell carpet formation in all samples, except for the 7%T fibers, indicating that cell death occurred due to the excess of TC released at the first moment in the membranes, but in the fibers this treatment was not effective. Cytochemical analysis showed the presence of cells in all membranes and in the 7% control fibers, however, there were no cells in the fibers 7% T corroborating with the presented cytotoxicity. The results indicate that the rotofiation technique produces membranes and fibers with high porosity using low concentrations of polymers, in quantities satisfactory to the fibers from the concentration of 7%. TC concentration needs adjustment to exclude cytotoxicity. Control samples did not show cytotoxicity being indicated for in vivo testing. This work intends to collaborate with the few information about rotofiação technique.

I Sverige har konsumtionen av kyckling per invånare ökat de senaste åren och idag konsumeras 23,2kg per person och år. Eftersom tillväxten för svensk kyckling är hög ökar också medvetenheten hos företag att investera i klimatsmarta alternativ för att minska energibehovet som leder till en minskad uppvärmningskostnad. Det valda djurstallet värms upp med en flispanna där vattenburna värmeelement förser stallet med värme längs väggarna. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur mycket värmeenergi som går att spara genom att använda den utsugna luften för att värma den luften som sugs in med hjälp av en värmeväxlare. Det har ansetts problematiskt att använda stallets frånluft för att tillgodose energi i form av värme eftersom den oftast är dammig och detta bidrar till att filter och kanaler täpps igen. Idag finns det ett antal luftvärmeväxlare som klarar denna typ av damm och partiklar.  Två olika värmeväxlare har jämförts, en rekuperativ (plattvärmeväxlare) och en regenerativ (roterande värmeväxlare). Stallet måste hålla ett lågt CO2 värde och kycklingarnas ströbädd måste hållas torr med hjälp av en låg luftfuktighet. Ventilationens volymflöde är ett beräknat teoretiskt värde. Resultatet av de två jämförda värmeväxlarna visar att den regenerativa (roterande) värmeväxlaren återför fukt vilket som bidrar till en fuktigare ströbädd jämfört med den rekuperativa (plattvärmeväxlare) som inte återför fukt. Studien genomfördes under kycklingarnas uppfödningstid, vilket varade från första januari i 34 dagar framåt. Dag 28–30 blir stallet självförsörjande på värme och värmeväxlaren kan då generera den värmen som krävs utan anläggningens tillhörande flispanna. Med hänsyn till skallklimatet är det att föredra en plattvärmeväxlare då den roterande värmeväxlaren återför vatten av tre gram per kg torr luft. Undersökningen visar det totala värmebehovet, som idag är cirka 48,2 MWh under en uppfödningsomgång, kan minskas med 24,8 MWh med hjälp av en värmeväxlare under denna omgång. / The consumption of chicken per inhabitant have increased in Sweden the last couple of years and today 23,2 kg is consumed per inhabitant and year. Because of this rise of Swedish chicken consumption, the awareness of investing in climate-smart alternatives have increased by the companies. The companies are decreasing the energy required during production, which ultimately leads to a reduced heating cost. The animal stall is heated by a boiler where water-based heating elements are providing the animal stall with heat along the walls.  It has been considered problematic to heat up the animal stall by reintroducing the air from inside the stall due to the fact that this air often is too dusty, which contributes to blockage of filters and ducts. There are a number of different heat exchangers that can handle this kind of dust and particles today.  Two different heat exchangers will be compared, a recuperative plate heat exchanger and a regenerative rotary heat exchanger. The animal stall must keep a low CO2 value and it is important to keep the chickens bedding dry by a low humidity inside the stall. The study shows that the total heat for one breeding round, which today is approximately 48,2MWh, which equals a saving by using an air heat exchanger of 24,8MWh. The result of the comparison of the two heat exchangers has shown that the regenerative (rotary) heat exchanger reintroduces moisture in the stall, which the recuperative (plate heat exchanger) does not. The follow up for this study was 34 days, from the chickens’ birth to the slaughter. During day 28-30 the animal stall becomes self-sufficient considering heat, which means that the heat exchanger could generate the heat required for the facility without the use of the stalls chip boiler. The study is implemented with a calculated volume flow due to a short outlet channel on the system, this can lead to a risk of a minor faulty value. Regard to the humidity in the stall, it is preferable to use a plate heat exchanger as the rotating heat exchanger precipitates water of 3 grams/kg of dry air.

Nous étudions un protocole de coopération dans les réseaux MIMO à deux sauts : le rotate-and-forward (RF). Dans ces réseaux, la source et la destination ne communiquent qu'à travers une couche de relais. Nous étudions la performance du protocole RF à partir d'une nouvelle métrique appelée gain de coupure. Ce gain nous permet de décrire le comportement de la probabilité de coupure à des valeurs du rapport signal à bruit moyennes et élevées. En utilisant le gain de coupure, nous comparons la performance du RF aux performances d'autres protocoles ayant le même ordre de diversité que le RF. Nous supposons aussi qu'une voie de retour existe entre la destination et les relais et nous donnons un algorithme qui permet d'améliorer les performances du RF en termes de probabilité de coupure en se basant sur la connaissance des gains du canal. Nous considérons un protocole de codage de réseaux au niveau physique : le compute-and-forward (CF). Nous nous intéressons à la maximisation du débit de calcul et nous montrons que c'est équivalent à la recherche du vecteur le plus court dans un réseau de points donné. Tout d'abord, nous implémentons le protocole utilisant des réseaux de points uni-dimensionnels et des gains de canal réels. Nous nous basons sur la fonction de maximum de vraisemblance (ML) pour proposer une technique de décodage quasi-ML et nous montrons que le décodage s'effectue par une approximation Diophantienne inhomogène. Ensuite, nous généralisons certains de ces résultats au cas des réseaux de points multi-dimensionnels et des gains de canal complexes, et nous proposons un critère de construction des codes en réseaux de points qu'on appelle le facteur de platitude.

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