Under the everchanging circumstances, financial industry find it¡¦s hard without being affected by the international financial and economic situations. In face of globalization and liberlization, enterprize purchasing and merging are in surging. Taiwan as an island country, with so many financial organizations in this tiny land including basic level farmer¡¦s and fisher¡¦s credit departments, credit cooperative agencies, postal offices, local banks, foreign banks, large financial holding Co.¡Mand even super stores are fighting the finite share of market.In the rule of ¡§big becomes bigger¡¨merging turns out to be the best way of increasing one¡¦s market share rate. At the guiding policy of the overnment,Bank of Taiwan and Central Trust of China combined at July 1st, 2007 and becomes the biggest official financial holding group in Taiwan. It also sets the historic record for the biggest state-run financial holding group in scheme. This research takes the employees of Bank of Taiwan in the Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung County and Pintung area as the object of the case, and investigating the influence of job satisfaction, organization commitment on the intentions of job rotation and resign. Four hundred and fifteen questionaires are given out, with three hundred and five copies are effectively returned, the effective return rate is beyond seventy percent. Main results of this study are as follows : 1.job feeling and job independece of the job satisfaction have been positive influence significantly on the intention of rotation. 2.Job feeling of job satisfaction shows obvious negative influence significantly on the resign intention. 3.Emotional commitment and persisting commitment of the organization commitment play strong positive influence significantly on the rotation intention. 4.Emotional commitment of the organization commitment play negative influence significantly on the resign intention.

A symbolic image database system is a system in which a large amount of image data and their related information are represented by both symbolic images and physical images. Spatial relationships are important issues for similarity-based retrieval in many image database applications. How to perceive spatial relationships among the components in a symbolic image is an important criterion to find a match between the symbolic image of the scene object and the one being store as a modal in the symbolic image database. With the popularity of digital cameras and the related image processing software, a sequence of images are often rotated or flipped. That is, those images are transformed in the rotation orientation or the reflection direction. A robust spatial similarity framework should be able to recognize image variants such as translation, scaling, rotation, and arbitrary variants. Current retrieval by spatial similarity algorithms can be classified into symbolic projection methods, geometric methods, and graph-matching methods. Symbolic projection could preserve the useful spatial information of objects, such as width, height, and location. However, many iconic indexing strategies based on symbolic projection are sensitive to rotation or reflection. Therefore, these strategies may miss the qualified images, when the query is issued in the orientation different from the orientation of the database images. To solve this problem, researchers derived the rule of the change of spatial relationships in image transformation, and proposed a function to map the spatial relationship to its related transformed one. However, this mapping consists of several conditional statements, which is time-consuming. Thus, in this dissertation, first, we classify the mapping into three cases and carefully assign a 16-bit unique bit pattern to each spatial relationship. Based on the assignment, we can easily do the mapping through our proposed bit operation, intra-exchange, which is a CPU operation and needs only the complexity of O(1). Moreover, we propose an efficient iconic index strategy, called Unique Bit Pattern matrix strategy (UBP matrix strategy) to record the spatial information. In this way, when doing similarity retrieval, we do not need to reconstruct the original image from the UBP matrix in order to obtain the indexes of the rotated and flipped image. Conversely, we can directly derive the index of the rotated or flipped image from the index of the original one through bit operations and the matrix manipulation. Thus, our proposed strategy can do similarity retrieval without missing the qualified database images. In our performance study, first, we analyze the time complexity of the similarity retrieval process of our proposed strategy. Then, the efficiency of our proposed strategy according to the simulation results is presented. We show that our strategy outperforms those mapping strategies based on different number of objects in an image. According to the different number of objects in an image, the percentage of improvement is between 13.64% and 53.23%.

Thesis (Ph. D.)(Plant Production)--University of Pretoria, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references).

Dancers spend many years practicing repetitive movements in order for their bodies to gain flexibility, strength and muscle memory. This thesis investigated the biomechanics of a dance student's knee motion during a tendu to the front in first, third, and fifth positions. A dancer will often perform 75 or more tendu closing actions during one technique class - particularly in ballet technique. During a tendu the moving foot moves along the floor but the toes never leave the floor. The tendu is used to strengthen the leg muscles, particularly the quadriceps and gluteal muscles. Flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and rotation angles of the knees during a traditional flat footed closing were compared to the knee angles during pli#233; and relev#233; closing. These movements were performed by 10 healthy dance students from USF. The dancers' movements were tracked using the VICON Nexus motion analysis system and 27 passive reflective markers placed on bony landmarks. Visual 3D software was used to calculate the knee angles. There were statistically significant the differences between knee angles during the traditional and pli#233; closings and between the relev#233; and pli#233; closings for all positions. There were only 4 conditions in which there was statistical significance between traditional and relev#233; closings. Knee flexion difference between the traditional and relev#233; closings was unanticipated, as the expectation of the tendu movement is to maintain a fully straight knee throughout the full range. This result suggests that the students may be bending the knees to achieve greater outward rotation, particularly in the third and fifth positions. The pli#233; had the largest range of motion (ROM) for all of the angles tested including abduction/adduction in which the subjects used the abduction at the knee to hold the feet in a turned out position. The collected data gives better insight into the biomechanics of the knee movement and will be used as feedback for improving muscular strength and preventing injuries in dancers.

Moment arms are important in many contexts. Various methods have been used to estimate moment arms. It has been shown that a moment arm changes as a function of joint angle and contraction state. However, besides the influence of these anatomical factors, results from recent studies suggest that the estimation of moment arm is also dependent on the methods employed. The overall goal of this thesis was to explore the interaction between the methodological and anatomical influences on moment arm and their effect on estimates of muscle-tendon forces during biomechanical modelling. The first experiment was a direct comparison between two different moment arm methods that have been previously used for the estimation of Achilles tendon moment arm. The results of this experiment revealed a significant difference in Achilles tendon moment arm length dependent on the moment arm method employed. However, besides the differences found, results from both methods were well correlated. Based on these results, methodological differences between these two methods were compared across different joint angles and contraction states in study two. Results of experiment two revealed that Achilles tendon moment arms obtained using both methods change in a similar way as a function of joint angle and contraction state. In the third experiment, results from the first two experiments were used to determine how methodological and anatomical influences on Achilles tendon moment arm would change muscle-tendon forces during the task of submaximal cycling. Results of the third experiment showed the importance of taking the method, ankle angle and contraction state dependence of Achilles tendon moment arm into account when using biomechanical modelling techniques. Together, these findings emphasis the importance of carefully considering methodological and anatomical modifiers when estimating Achilles tendon moment arm.

To investigate the role of action representations in the identification of upright and rotated objects, we examined the time course of their evocation. Across five experiments, subjects made vertically or horizontally oriented reach and grasp actions primed by images of handled objects that were depicted in upright or rotated orientations, at various Stimulus Onset Asynchronies: -250 ms (action cue preceded the prime), 0 ms, and +250 ms. Congruency effects between action and object orientation were driven by the object's canonical (upright) orientation at the 0 ms SOA, but by its depicted orientation at the +250 ms SOA. Alignment effects between response hand and the object's handle appeared only at the +250 ms SOA, and were driven by the depicted orientation. Surprisingly, an attempt to replicate this finding with improved stimuli (Experiment 3) did not show significant congruency effects at the 0 ms SOA; a further examination of the 0 ms SOA in Experiments 4 and 5 also failed to reach significance. However, a meta-analysis of the latter three experiments showed evidence for the congruency effect, suggesting that the experiments might just have been underpowered. We conclude that subjects initially evoke a conceptually-driven motor representation of the object, and that only after some time can the depicted form become prominent enough to influence the elicited action representation. / Graduate / 0633 / ragavk@uvic.ca

In this thesis, I will describe the polarization properties of two separate but similar optical systems. I will begin by showing anisotropy in a dielectric photonic crystal slab patterned with a periodic circular hole array. This anisotropy can be utilized in manipulating the gain properties of surface emitting photonic crystal lasers. I will then describe a metallic, planar metamaterial patterned similarly with a 2d periodic array of holes. The enhanced optical transmission of this system is demonstrated computationally and experimentally, with a good agreement between the two. I will also demonstrate polarization rotation in this array. The effect is shown to minimize the background contribution to the transmission resulting in the narrowing of the line width and improvement between on and off resonance contrast. I then provide a theory behind the polarization rotation in transmission through a metamaterial based upon a Jones matrix formulation, which is dependent only upon the existence of separate s and p resonances in a photonic system. / text

The ¹⁷⁶Lu-¹⁷⁶Hf and ¹⁴⁷Sm-¹⁴³Nd decay systems have been extensively used as geochronological tools to determine ages from garnet (Grt) - whole rock (WR) parent-daughter isotopic ratios; however, the ¹⁷⁶Lu-¹⁷⁶Hf age of garnet is almost always found to be significantly older than the ¹⁴⁷Sm-¹⁴³Nd age determined from the same aliquots. This dissertation presents new experimental diffusion data for Lu and Hf in garnet, and numerical simulations using these data, which explain these age discrepancies and also show that Grt-WR ¹⁷⁶Lu-¹⁷⁶Hf isochrons do not generally yield ages which correspond to an unambiguous temporal event in the evolutionary history of the host rocks. This is a result of (a) partial or complete retention of very slow-diffusing radiogenic ¹⁷⁶HF produced during prograde heating, and (b) the lower closure temperature of Lu relative to Hf; these complexities do not affect the interpretation of Grt-WR isochrons based on the ¹⁴⁷Sm-¹⁴³Nd system. In addition, the diffusion kinetic properties of Hf in clinopyroxene were experimentally determined in order to address the age controversy of the shergottite suite of Martian meteorites (~200 Ma ages determined by ¹⁷⁶Lu-¹⁷⁶Hf, ¹⁴⁷Sm-¹⁴³Nd, and various other decay systems as opposed to a ~4 Ga whole rock Pb-Pb age). This was achieved by calculating the timescales needed to re-equilibrate Hf isotopes in clinopyroxene (the primary host of rare earth elements amongst the minerals used to compose the ¹⁷⁶Lu-¹⁷⁶Hf isochrons) with the surrounding matrix at the peak- and post-shock P-T conditions likely to have been experienced by the shergottites. It is concluded that, contrary to the earlier suggestions, impact heating is highly unlikely to have significantly reset the ¹⁷⁶Lu-¹⁷⁶Hf ages of these Martian samples. These calculations are bolstered by the nature of measured Cr and Fe-Mg concentration profiles across olivine-melt boundaries, and Ti profiles across clinopyroxene-maskelynite interfaces in the shergottite RBT-04262. The lack of any evidence of diffusion in the measured concentration profiles, coupled with the qualitative incompatibility of the measured crystal-melt fractionation at these interfaces with the nature of fractionation expected from equilibrium partitioning, provides strong evidence that no substantial chemical exchange took place between the solid and melt phases during peak-shock P-T conditions.

The objective of this project is to design a cell orientation control system using a rotating electric field. In particular, the system utilizes two electrostatic phenomena known as electrophoresis and electro-rotation. The device used for creating the electric field was designed and fabricated using the MEMS fabrication technique. The cell orientation control system also includes a vision tracking system that senses the orientation of the cell and a PID controller. Overall, the system is able to control the orientation of the cell with zero steady state error. The objective of this project has been met.

Research has shown a possible causative link between playing the popular videogame Tetris and improvements in Mental Rotation performance. The aim of the present study was to address a question about an aspect of Tetris expertise that had not yet been factored into any of the existing work on Tetris and Mental Rotation. David Kirsh and Paul Maglio (1994) have shown that skilled Tetris players appear to use physical actions as substitutes for, or compliments to, mental operations. This is hypothesised to include physically rotating game pieces instead of Mentally Rotating them. The specific question we sought to address in the present study was whether these physical substitutes for mental operations, which Kirsh and Maglio call epistemic actions, have an effect on Tetris' efficacy as a Mental Rotation training task. In order to address this research question, three groups of subjects were administered tests of Mental Rotation ability before and after a five week training period. The training period consisted of a total of five, hour long, laboratory sessions - evenly spaced across the training period - in which each of the three groups were required to play an assigned video-game. The results showed that a group of subjects (N=13) who received Tetris training on the version of the game that made epistemic actions involving rotation impossible showed no greater Mental Rotation performance gains when their results were compared to a group of subjects (N=13) trained using a Standard version of Tetris. This suggests that the occurence of epistemic actions does not have an impact on Tetris' efficacy as a Mental Rotation training task. Further, neither of these two groups showed greater Mental Rotation performance gains than the non-Tetris control group (N=14), a result which suggests that, at least under some circumstances, Tetris training fails to impart Mental Rotation performance gains any greater than what can be expected due to retest effects. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2013.