Country churches are in the study of early medieval religious architecture the important point. In many cases, as is also the case in South Bohemia, just these shrines become an important group of objects that reflects historic rendition of certain art forms in architecture. A very important part of this theses is dedicated to a general definition of the characteristics of the construction rural churches in the area of central Pootaví. The main part of this work is a catalog of selected rural churches, which provides separate studies with detailed analysis of their construction history. The aim is to introduce the oldest form of each selected sacred sites around Strakonice. Finally, every catalog password is integrated in the system-defined groups according to the most outstanding architectural features. Also each password contents a short assessment of the quality and importance of construction, including efforts to introduce wider relations to artistic center in Strakonice or areas completely remote. Selection of buildings is made up to present rural churches far less known. With some exceptions, these are sights that are not in the literature strongly addressed. The core of the chosen methodological approach in this part of the work has become the basic points of the structural-historical...

Tyrimo problema: nugaros skausmai — pagrindinė nedarbingumo ir negalios priežastis industrinėje visuomenėje. Sergant juosmens-kryžmens radikulopatija, kamuoja skausmas, apsunkinama kasdieninė veikla, mažėja pilvo ir nugaros raumenų jėga ir ištvermė. Siekdami padėti spręsti šią problemą, analizavome, kaip tradicinė kineziterapijos programa ir fiziniai pratimai su TerapiMaster įranga veikia darbingo amžiaus žmonių, sergančių juosmens-kryžmens radikulopatija, pilvo ir nugaros raumenų statinę ištvermę, skausmo intensyvumą bei jo įtaką kasdieninei žmogaus veiklai. Tyrimo objektas: skausmo, raumenų ištvermės ir nugaros skausmų įtakos tiriamųjų kasdieninei veiklai kaita, taikant skirtingas kineziterapijos programas. Tyrimo tikslas: palyginti tradicinės kineziterapijos ir pratimų su TerapiMaster įranga poveikį asmenims, sergantiems juosmens-kryžmens radikulopatija. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Įvertinti tradicinės kineziterapijos poveikį tiriamųjų skausmo intensyvumui ir kasdieninei veiklai. 2. Įvertinti tradicinės kineziterapijos poveikį tiriamųjų pilvo ir nugaros raumenų statinei ištvermei. 3. Įvertinti pratimų su TerapiMaster įranga poveikį tiriamųjų skausmo intensyvumui ir kasdieninei veiklai. 4. Įvertinti pratimų su TerapiMaster įranga poveikį tiriamųjų pilvo ir nugaros raumenų statinei ištvermei. 5. Palyginti abiejų kineziterapijos metodų poveikį. Išvados: 1. Po 16 tradicinės kineziterapijos procedūrų tiriamųjų skausmo intensyvumas ir neigiama nugaros skausmo įtaka kasdieninei... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Problem of study: low back pain is the main cause of absenteeism and disability in every industrialized society. People, who have lumbar-sacral radiculopathy, suffer from pain, it becomes hard for them to perform daily activities, and the abdominal and back muscles strength and endurance are also decreased. The effect of conventional physiotherapy program and physical exercises with TerapiMaster equipment on abdominal and back muscles static endurance, pain intensity and every day activities of middle-aged people, who have lumbar-sacral radiculopathy, were analyzed in this study. Object of study: the change of pain, muscle endurance and back pain influence on daily activities, applying different physiotherapy programs. Aim of study: to compare the influence of conventional physiotherapy and exercises with TerapiMaster equipment for patients with lumbar-sacral radiculopathy. Goals of study: 1. To evaluate effect of conventional physiotherapy on pain intensity and daily activities. 2. To evaluate effect of conventional physiotherapy on the abdominal and back muscles static endurance. 3. To evaluate effect of physical exercises with TerapiMaster equipment on pain intensity and daily activities. 4. To evaluate effect of physical exercises with TerapiMaster equipment on the abdominal and back muscles static endurance. 5. Compare the effect of both physiotherapy methods. Conclusions: 1. After 16 procedures of conventional physiotherapy the pain intensity and negative influence... [to full text]

Muzika skambanti bažnyčioje, jos atlikėjai bei atlikimas yra saistomi Bažnyčios dokumentuose nustatytomis normomis, įstatymais, rekomendacijomis, kurie privalomi ir turi būti vykdomi kiekvienoje parapijoje. Magistrinio darbo temą inspiravo daugelyje Bažnyčios dokumentų išsakomas nuogąstavimas dėl nukrypimų nuo sakralinės muzikos tikslo ir padėties: per didelis koncertiškumas, pramoginis muzikos atspalvis, kompozicijų ištęstinumas, nesaikingumas, kuris gali vesti žmogų į bergždžią išsiblaškymą, paviršutiniškumo išraišką. Bažnyčioje neturėtų būti nieko, kas trikdytų ar mažintų tikinčiųjų pamaldumą, kas keltų papiktinimą nepasitenkinimą, kas nusižengtų liturgijos sakralumui. Muzika yra pavaldi pamaldoms. Todėl žmogaus santykis su sakraline muzika ir raiškos savastis yra labai tampriai susiję ir vienas kitam daro įtaką. Muzika turi pajėgti žmogaus sielą pakelti į maldingą bendravimą su Viešpačiu. O už žmogaus ir sakralios muzikos sklaidą atsako bažnyčia, kompozitoriai, vargonininkai, choro vadovai, giedotojai, bendruomenė, instrumentalistai. Todėl savo darbe analizavau šias tarnystes, aiškindamasi kaip jos galėtų pasitarnauti žmogaus pamaldumo augimui ir sakralios muzikos skleidimui. Magistriniame darbe buvo siekiama: apibūdinti žmogaus santykį su sakraline muzika pagal Katalikų Bažnyčios dokumentus; apibūdinti giesmininkų reikšmę liturgijoje ir jų dažniausiai daromas klaidas; suformuoti muzikanto tarnystės reikalavimus; apibrėžti instrumentų naudojimą liturgijoje; patikrinti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Church music, its character and its performers have to conform to the norms provided by the documents of the Church. The laws and recommendations found in these documents are obligatory for every parish. This master paper has been inspired by the regret of the Church documents about some deviations from the aim and the true role of sacral music, such as concert–like style, the shade of pop music, prolonged composition, lack of taste, etc. This can lead people to absent-mindedness and superficiality in prayer. Nothing in the church should decrease people’s concentration or the holiness of the liturgy. Music must be second to liturgy, it must lift people’s souls to pious communication with God. Therefore, man’s relationship with sacral music and its expression influence one another. The quality of this relationship and of the music in church is the responsibility of the parish, of composers, organists, choir directors, singers, instrument players and of the community as a whole. Thus, this paper deals with all of these ministries and their role in helping church music to increase people’s piety. The paper aims at showing people’s relationship with sacral music according to the documents of the Catholic Church, as well as the role of the singers in the liturgy and the most frequent mistakes they make. The paper also tries to formulate the requirements for musical service and the use of instruments in the liturgy. We have investigated into the opinions of church organists in... [to full text]

This dissertation introduces the run of the Vlachovo Březí parish, which was participated not only by the parson and his parishioners, but also with other religious and secular authorities. It is based on accessible sources. The attention is devoted not only to each parson, but also their responsibility, from the care for his parishioners to the securing of the material state of church and parsonage. Introductory section summarizes the literature and sources on the topic. After this section are chapters devoted to the ecclesiastical administration after the Battle of White Mountain to the 19th century, the reorganization of the ecclesiastical administration after the Battle of White Mountain and spiritual development in the Prácheň region. The core of this thesis consists of five chapters, in which is the evolution of the parish by the first half of the 17th century to the second half of the 19th century given. First, the parish is described on its size and number of souls living in it. Next chapter is dedicated to the establishment and history of the parish, local priests and visitations. The following chapter is about duties of the priest and parishioners participate in the spiritual life of the parish, which are divided into daily duties (divine service), almost daily (Christian practice), sporadic (sacrament of Confirmation and procession) and ending with scholastic questions. The last two chapters deal with the management and administration of parish property, sacral objects in the parish and its equipment. The overall summary is given at the end.

The aim of this thesis is to find possibilities of pilgrimage tourism in the tourist region of South Bohemia. Due to analyzes reveal problems and definition in the area of pilgrimage tourism. Subsequently the work outlines solutions of the problems. The part of the work states database of the most important pilgrimage sites in the tourist region of South Bohemia. Found problems solved proposals and measures. Outcome of this work is two developing projects of pilgrimage tourism in the study area.

The work deals with the historical development of the liturgical space and the architecture of the Břevnov monastery. The first part describes all building styles which were applied to Christian churches and their influance on the worship. It also includes numerous examples of important sacral buildings in our country as well as abroad. Next it deals with the changes concerning the liturgical space and liturgy itself after the 2nd Vatican Council and gives some examples of Post-Council churches. The subject matter of the second part is the Břevnov Monastery. First it briefly describes the history of Břevnov and its architectural development from Romanesque period to the Baroque style. In order to understand its constructional development it was necessary to mention some notable people and historic events that influenced the outer appearance and the inside structure of the monastery.

[pt] A imobilidade na postura sentada reclinada e as limitações no espaço da poltrona de viagens aéreas longas, somadas aos efeitos da pressão do peso do corpo sobre os tecidos levam o passageiro a uma acomodação na busca de conforto. Os constrangimentos músculo-esqueléticos conseqüentes podem provocar dores e desconforto nos usuários. Para estudar as causas dos constrangimentos foram vistos os dados sobre a postura humana, com ênfase na região sacro-lombar, assim como indicações de ergonomistas sobre cadeiras e as prioridades da aviação comercial. Os métodos usados na observação foram a revisão bibliográfica em autores de ergonomia, anatomia, cinesiologia. A assessoria de informante qualificado em interiores de aviões juntou-se à consulta a revistas especializadas na área da aviação comercial. Os resultados obtidos através da análise dos dados do questionário (n=115) confirmam o desconforto sentido pelos passageiros de viagens aéreas longas em regiões como pescoço (64,3 por cento), lombo-sacra (48,7 por cento) e pés (59,1 por cento). Inadequações como a largura do assento (58,3 por cento), o espaço para as pernas (50,4 por cento), o apoio do pescoço (47,8 por cento), e o apoio lombar (37,4 por cento) foram apontadas por estes usuários. As conclusões confirmam a hipótese O espaço limitado das poltronas aéreas e as conseqüentes posições assumidas pelos passageiros durante viagens aéreas longas acarretam constrangimentos posturais músculo-esqueléticos, e trazem como conseqüência desconforto e dores no pescoço, região lombar e pés, dormência e dores irradiadas nos usuários. As recomendações foram em relação à ergonomia da postura sentada para o apoio lombar, assento e posições de membros inferiores. Desdobramentos sugeridos foram a observação de passageiros durante a viagem, estudos sobre o sistema circulatório dos membros inferiores, constrangimentos posturais na região cervical e posterior da pelve. / [en] The lack of mobility in reclined sitting posture, the space limitations in seats in long distance flights along with the relief of pressure lead the passenger to scoop his hip forwards or to twist it. Consequent muscular and skeletal postural constraints may cause discomfort and pain on users. Searching for the reasons of constraints, human posture studies, ergonomics recommendations on chairs and aicraft priorities were seen. The study methods employed were a literature review on Ergonomics, Anatomies and Kinesiologists, aircraft interiors qualified informant and aircraft interiors specialized revues. A questionnaire was submitted to long flight passengers to search for body discomfort and inadequacies on seats. Data analysis (n=115) showed discomfort on neck region (63,3 percent), feet (59,1 percent) and low back (48,7 percent). Inadequacies on seats design such as width (58,3 percent), room for legs (50,4 percent), neck support (47,8 percent) and lumbar support (37,4 percent) were pointed by passengers. The hypothesis Lack of room in aircraft seats and the positions assumed during long distance flights cause postural constraints that lead to discomfort and pain on neck, low back and feet, numbness and irradiation on users was confirmed. Recommendations on lumbar support possibilities, height of seat and lower limbs positions were made. Suggestions like further observation of flying passengers, circulatory system and postural constraints on cervical and pelvic region were proposed.

This project focuses on an ideal solution for restoring the roof of Notre-Dame in Paris, which burned down together with its spire on April 15, 2019. The main motive behind the design was to create a quiet space that will serve as a memorial of the fire and reflect the unity of the society that contributed to the rebuilding found. The primary step of the whole reconstruction is to find an adequate way of renewal and its ethical boundaries. Main attention is focused on the roof and on the spire of the cathedral. As a tribute to medieval builders who consecrated their lives into this magnificent piece of work. The exterior of the new design has the same silhouettes and proportions that it has got eight centuries ago, but with a touch of a modern day aesthetics. When designing the interior of the roof, it was really important to maintain a clear representation of Gothic architecture – the balance between darkness and light. The space is divided into two parts. The first part represents darkness, as an obstacle, which each of us has to overcome. The second part is full of natural light that seems to tear the roof of the cathedral and illuminates the entire space inside. At the heart of the design is a gem that matters the most, life. The spire of the cathedral is designed with four pillars that symbolize the connection of mind-spirit-body with physical world The idea of the spire reflects these seemingly different things, but together they unite into one piece.

The subject of the diploma thesis is the design of a new Roman Catholic church with conveniences, which will be located in the city of Brno - Líšeň, in the northwestern part of the cadastral area Líšeň, on a sloping plot, between Horníkova and Molákova streets, near the youth center ("Saleska"). The church will serve the Roman Catholic Congregation of the Selesians, who are attended to the education and work with children and youth. The church will be dedicated to the third Divine Person of the Holy Spirit. The main aim of the church is to be a place of meeting in the community of believers, but also a quiet and peaceful place to meet God. The proposal will also consider the construction of a vicarage, which should be a meeting place for parishioners at various events with the possibility of accommodating the Salesians. The idea is proceeded on the main symbols of the Salesians. The design is based on the idea of a home, a circle, which symbolizes the family atmosphere. It is derived from three pillars. The sense, the religion and the kindness, standing on a triangular background that serve as points to create a community bounded by circles. This fellowship is defined by three circular segments in the form of reinforced concrete framework structures, each of them represents one of the divine persons of the Holy Trinity. God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit. The gaps among the structures serve for such an illumination, which does not distract the attention from the church to the outside environment and preserves the peace and the spirituality in the interior.

The master's thesis deals with famous Notre-Dame de Paris, which was destroyed by fire in 2019. The work focuses specifically on the design of completion of the construction. The cathedral is situated in the historical centre of Paris on the Île de la Cité. A lot of damage was caused to the building after the devastating fire on 15 April 2019. The aim of the thesis was to create a spiritual place that would maintain its past, but at the same time manage to follow ecological solutions in the present. The new design of the attic creates a sacred place, in which we realize the importance of faith and the peace of God. The cathedral is open to the general public ? religious people from all over the world come here to experience the love, joy and happiness that the cathedral invokes. The whole attic can be described as an open space, which symbolizes infinity or immortality from the religious point of view. It represents the connection of the past, present and future. The space is designed to hold priestly celebrations and to be open for the public. It can also be used for various events, such as exhibitions of sculptures that survived the fire.