HRP applied to cut dorsal and ventral roots of the cat sacral spinal cord labeled afferent axons with swellings in close apposition to labeled preganglionic neurons (PGNs) in the sacral parasympathetic nucleus. Electron microscopy allowed characterization of synaptic contacts between afferents and PGNs. The results suggest that both the dorsal and ventral root afferents can directly activate autonomic preganglionic neurons.

The study presents a new church for Novy Liskovec in Brno. The site is situated in the middle of housing estate close to public transport, on a rocky southern slope. The proposed building is used for local citizens and the christian community. For the project to be beneficial to all people concerned, I suggest layout features on culture, recreation, services and church. The open building design creates a natural social center. The church acts as a social center - multi-functional building. The basic inspirational impulse for the general shape and formal concept of the house is the existing passage through the plot, the need for social meetingpoint and the relationship to the surrounding landscape. Abstracted belt runs continuously through the construction; gradually defines and separates the social, secular and sacred space. To the visitor the house reveals a play of light, shadows and glimpses of the horizon. The project is divided into three parts: connected community center and church which are accompanied by multi-functional car park with shops and playground. The described objects create two building complexes that stand opposite to each other on the western and eastern edge of the plot. Among them, these create a town-square motif, leaving free space - the rock. The architectural concept of the church as a meandering path is expressed in the material solution of the construction. Path - the band that wraps the space has a different outer and inner material surface. The wrapped ribbon motif embracing and defining the space comes alive and changes with the movement of man in the enclosed space. Construction works as a series of leaflets - images that tell the story. The main axis of the object is oriented in the north-south direction thus offering views of open countryside and horizon, binds the building to the landscape. The structural design of the church is designed from concrete walls and steel trussers. The main load-bearing structures are embedded with self standing boxes from wooden KLH boards (laminated solid wood) as additional space separators.

By entering the diploma thesis is to create an architectural study of the sacral object and the Salesian community center in Brno - Líšeň. The first mention of the creating church appeared in 1987 and because of this reason Salesians came to this city, they focus on working with children and youth, according to Don Bosca. Their method od education was reflected in the overall project concept. The building will be linked to the existing object of the Salesian Youth Center, but it will also serve for a wider circle of believers. The consecration of the church will be a third divine person - the Holy Spirit. The object will be on the Horníková ulica, on the parcels no. 5037/30,32. On the plot with parc. No.5037/32 is currently a building, that is the property of the Nadácia pre radosť, and it will by removed during construction. The proposal is based on urban analyzes performed and responds to the surrounding buildings. It also affects the conditions of the building plot and uses terrain sloping. The proposal consists of one object that includes a church with a capacity for 400 seat and 100-standing persons with chorus, sacristy, adoration chapel and technical and hygienic backgrounds. Furthermore, there is a educational/multifunction room, workshop and store of religious products, farther the parish part with the apartments, office for priests and underground garage. In addition to the building, there was created paved areas for pedestrian which responding to existing communications. Due to the removal of the parking lot in the northern part of the solved territory, the existing parking lot was extended on the south side and there was also created a new communication for cars, which connects the Northern Street Horníková with Western. In this communication, it is necessary to create a suitable road signage to prevent the supply of vehicles and it must not be used as an abbreviation in the traffic jam at the 2nd grade road communication.

The topic of the diploma thesis is the elaboration of the design of a new sacral building in Brno-Líšeň. The church building is complemented by a spiritual center with facilities. The church is to serve not only the contemporary Salesian community, but also to be open to a wider circle of believers. It is a slightly sloping plot in the middle of a panel building between the polyclinic building and the building of the Salesian Youth Center (= Salesko). Salesko is a non-profit organization whose mission is to accompany children and young people on their journey to adulthood and contribute to their physical, mental and spiritual development. The center builds on the preventive pedagogical system of Don Bosco, the founder of the Salesians. The idea is based on the main essence of the Salesians - home, family background, community. The design processes several interconnected operations into one complete unit with a common entrance atrium. The floor plan of the objects imitates the letter U, which means openness to the surrounding world, while also providing a certain background - safety. The buildings are single-storey, only the liturgical space itself, formed by a circular floor plan, forms a dominant dominant with a bell tower. Part of the design is the solution of parking spaces and free outdoor areas. From the urban point of view, emphasis is placed on walking accessibility, at the same time barrier-free access and use of the building is ensured.

Darbe nagirnėjami XX a. pabaigos – XXI a. pradžios Lietuvoje pastatytų sakralinių pastatų - katalikų bažnyčių architektūriniai ir konstrukciniai sprendiniai. Aptariama bažnyčių erdvinės - tūrinės kompozicijos, planinės struktūros, urbanistinis kontekstas ir konstrukcinės sistemos. / In thesis of the master analyzing of architectural and structural solutions in sacral buildings of Lithuanian at the end of the 20th - the beginning of the 21th century. The church's are important in architectural and cultural history, they are important of the nation culturally. Sacral buildings represented material and mental valuables of their century, so they are interesting subject of architecture.

Disertaciją pradeda bendra visos Vakarų Europos tapybos kūrinių atnaujinimo istorijos apžvalga, pirmųjų žinomų faktų apie tapybos kūrinių priežiūrą ir atnaujinimus Lenkijos karalystėje ir Rusijoje, o pratęsia Vilniaus bažnyčių ir vienuolynų sakralinių bei privačiuose rinkiniuose buvusių paveikslų tvarkybos analizė, tikintis išsiaiškinti bendrus istorinius dėsningumus. Bendrųjų Vilniaus miesto paveikslų tvarkybos istorijos bruožų kontekste šioje disertacijoje kaip atskiras tyrimo objektas nagrinėjami Vilniaus Šv. Pranciškaus Asyžiečio ir Šv. Bernardino Sieniečio (Bernardinų) bažnyčios ir bernardinų vienuolyno aplinkoje sukurti paveikslai bei jų atnaujinimo darbai. Disertacijoje pateikti paveikslų tvarkybos faktai kultūros istorijos kontekste atskleidžia, kodėl buvo atnaujinami meno kūriniai, kaip tokių darbų metu keitėsi paveikslai, kokie veiksniai buvo lemiami parenkant kūrinius tvarkyti: ar darbus lėmė kūrinio autorystė, siužetas, istorija, „dieviška kilmė“, „stebuklų veikimo laukas“ ir gerbimas – o galbūt tiesiog kūrinio būklė. Vilniaus bažnyčių ir vienuolynų paveikslų tvarkybos istorija nagrinėjama platesniame kultūrinių reiškinių kontekste, apimančiame ir bendras paveikslų atnaujinimo tendencijas Vilniaus vyskupijoje bei įvairius istorinius ir kultūrinius įvykius, kurie irgi lėmė meno kūrinių išsaugojimą. Dėl didelės darbo apimties, tyrimo naujumo ir pobūdžio nesiekta surinkti visų įmanomų duomenų apie nagrinėjamu laikotarpiu atnaujintus tapybos kūrinius, o tik... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The dissertation starts with a general overview of painting restoration history in Western Europe, the analysis of the first known facts about care and maintenance of paintings in the Kingdom of Poland and Russia, and is followed by an analysis of management of sacral paintings those were located in Vilnius churches and monasteries or were a part of private collections, conducted in order to determine general historical regularities. Comprehensive research on paintings of Vilnius Bernardine Church and Monastery from the aspect of management history is a factor that reveals broader and more in-depth processes of the phenomenon under investigation. The facts of painting management in the historical context that are presented in this dissertation reveal why these pieces of art were restored, how did the paintings change in the process of such work, what were the key factors behind choosing the pieces for restoration: was the choice based on the artist, or painting’s content, history, “heavenly origin”, “field of its miraculous influence” and respect – or just the condition of the piece. This creates favourable conditions to examine the paintings from a chosen aspect, i.e. to analyse the history of painting restoration in a specific environment, and to compare the results of the analysis with general tendencies in Vilnius church and monastery painting management. Due to the large volume of work, the novelty of the research and its nature, there was no intention to gather all the... [to full text]

Disertaciją pradeda bendra visos Vakarų Europos tapybos kūrinių atnaujinimo istorijos apžvalga, pirmųjų žinomų faktų apie tapybos kūrinių priežiūrą ir atnaujinimus Lenkijos karalystėje ir Rusijoje, o pratęsia Vilniaus bažnyčių ir vienuolynų sakralinių bei privačiuose rinkiniuose buvusių paveikslų tvarkybos analizė, tikintis išsiaiškinti bendrus istorinius dėsningumus. Bendrųjų Vilniaus miesto paveikslų tvarkybos istorijos bruožų kontekste šioje disertacijoje kaip atskiras tyrimo objektas nagrinėjami Vilniaus Šv. Pranciškaus Asyžiečio ir Šv. Bernardino Sieniečio (Bernardinų) bažnyčios ir bernardinų vienuolyno aplinkoje sukurti paveikslai bei jų atnaujinimo darbai. Disertacijoje pateikti paveikslų tvarkybos faktai kultūros istorijos kontekste atskleidžia, kodėl buvo atnaujinami meno kūriniai, kaip tokių darbų metu keitėsi paveikslai, kokie veiksniai buvo lemiami parenkant kūrinius tvarkyti: ar darbus lėmė kūrinio autorystė, siužetas, istorija, „dieviška kilmė“, „stebuklų veikimo laukas“ ir gerbimas – o galbūt tiesiog kūrinio būklė. Vilniaus bažnyčių ir vienuolynų paveikslų tvarkybos istorija nagrinėjama platesniame kultūrinių reiškinių kontekste, apimančiame ir bendras paveikslų atnaujinimo tendencijas Vilniaus vyskupijoje bei įvairius istorinius ir kultūrinius įvykius, kurie irgi lėmė meno kūrinių išsaugojimą. Dėl didelės darbo apimties, tyrimo naujumo ir pobūdžio nesiekta surinkti visų įmanomų duomenų apie nagrinėjamu laikotarpiu atnaujintus tapybos kūrinius, o tik išryškinti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The dissertation starts with a general overview of painting restoration history in Western Europe, the analysis of the first known facts about care and maintenance of paintings in the Kingdom of Poland and Russia, and is followed by an analysis of management of sacral paintings those were located in Vilnius churches and monasteries or were a part of private collections, conducted in order to determine general historical regularities. Comprehensive research on paintings of Vilnius Bernardine Church and Monastery from the aspect of management history is a factor that reveals broader and more in-depth processes of the phenomenon under investigation. The facts of painting management in the historical context that are presented in this dissertation reveal why these pieces of art were restored, how did the paintings change in the process of such work, what were the key factors behind choosing the pieces for restoration: was the choice based on the artist, or painting’s content, history, “heavenly origin”, “field of its miraculous influence” and respect – or just the condition of the piece. This creates favourable conditions to examine the paintings from a chosen aspect, i.e. to analyse the history of painting restoration in a specific environment, and to compare the results of the analysis with general tendencies in Vilnius church and monastery painting management. Due to the large volume of work, the novelty of the research and its nature, there was no intention to gather all the... [to full text]

The presented diploma thesis deals with the effects of the Czech-German relict border on the religiosity and the sacral landscape of the city region called Manetin, which consists of the permanent Czech territory and the Nectiny village of German historical origin. The theoretical introduction of this work therefore includes a part dedicated to the topic of borders, introducing different types of borders, focusing particularly on the terms relict and ethnic borders used in the further study. The second part of the theoretical introduction contains the characteristics of the religiosity and the sacral landscape, its evolution on the national level after the Second World War, highlighting the consequent processes related to the exile of the German population after 1945. The research section of the thesis consists of the micro-regional analysis of the reference region. The analysis is based on the field study which consists of semi-structured interviews, which were complemented by the descriptive statistical analysis and method of observing the condition and location of sacral objects. The main aim of the investigation presented in the thesis is to analyze the differences in the religiosity and the sacral landscape in the regions under study through the chosen methodological approaches and...

it is a newly built sacral building. The object is projected for a protestant church. The object lies in a town Kutná Hora, on a slightly sloping ground. The object is designed as free-standing building. There is a main gathering space on the first floor and other rooms for the social church life. There are three small apartments and the pastors apartment on the second and third floor. The ground-plan is L-shaped. The object has three sections. The first section is the tower, the second sections contains the gathering space which is orientated to the east and the third section contains apartments and remaining spaces, the main dominant of this section is the indoor built-on gallery. The object is covered with a flat roof. The building is designed from the brick construction systém of BS Klatovy company (concrete fittings)

The purpose of the study is to analyse and to compare the reign of two rulers of Francia Orientalis - Henry II and Henry III. The reason for the author's research is that the conception of the legitimization of kingship is nowadays a highly discussed issue and it is one of the most significant tasks the medieval research is facing. Methods used in this study are analysis and comparison. The study is composed of six chapters, each of them dealing with different aspect of the legitimization of kingship. Chapter One is introductory and defines basic terminology used in the study. Chapter Two examines relevant specialized discursus. Chapter Three deals with the sources of medieval thinking and consists of three parts. Part One explains the terms of sacrality and legitimacy. Part Two focuses on the roots of sacral kingship. Part Three investigates the history of legitimization of kingship in the Frankish Empire. Chapter Four is subdivided into four parts and it mainly provides an outline of Henry's II reign and examines relevant historical sources. Part One discusses the policy of Henry's predecessor Otto III. Part Two is an analysis of relevant historical sources. Part Three examines Henry's policy. Intermediate conclusions are drawn in Part Four. Chapter Five endeavours to explain and analyse the...