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This dissertation seeks to examine the historical context of Franz Lizt’s oratorio Christus and explore its obscurity. Chapter 1 makes note of the much greater familiarity of other choral works of the Romantic period, and observes critics’ and scholars’ recognition (or lack thereof) of Liszt’s religiosity. Chapter 2 discusses Liszt’s father Adam, his religious and musical experiences, and his influence on the young Franz. Chapter 3 explores Liszt’s early adulthood in Paris, particularly with respect to his intellectual growth. Special attention is given to François-René, vicomte de Chateaubriand and the Abbé Félicité de Lamennais, and the latter’s papal condemnation. After Chapter 4 briefly chronicles Liszt’s artistic achievements in Weimar and its ramifications for the rest of his work, Chapter 5 examines theological trends in the nineteenth century, as exemplified by David Friedrich Strauss, and the Catholic Church’s rejection of such novelties. The writings of Charles Rosen aid in decribing the possible musical ramifications of modern theology. Chapter 6 takes stock of the movements for renewal in Catholic music, especially the work of Prosper Gueranger and his fellow Benedictine monks of Solesmes, France, and of the Society of Saint Cecilia in Germany. Liszt’s interest in these movements, and in the style then in use in the Sistine Chapel, also receive comment. Chapter 7 analyzes Christus itself, and explains it as a synthesis of the styles then in use by Catholic composers of the era. Chapter 8 concludes with musings on the state of Catholic music, suggestions on how that field could be improved, and Christus’s future. / Music Composition / Accompanied by one .pdf score: Denarius: Two movements for Orchestra.

A study of the carol form immediately leads into the field of the hymn; each is a form of praise or worship. The hymn is as instinctive as life itself, and as universal as the air man breathes. Hymns to the sun god, to the many Babylonian deities, to the Great Spirit of the American Indian - these are found, along with others in all ancient literature.

The purpose of this study is to make the Protestant church workers more efficient in their use of music in religious work by giving them a clear conception of the kind of music to be used and by suggesting detailed plans and methods by which desirable results may be secured in the use of church music. Ideal standards have their place, but here it is proposed to be matter-of-fact, practical and concrete, and to secure immediate results with the average church member and choir singer as the final criterion in every phase of the work. The purpose is not to emphasize high ideals but to instruct and inspire all those who have leadership in the service of church music, that they may be able here to provide the greatest religious helpfulness that the use of music can bring the souls to whom they minister.

A tese que aqui apresentamos tem como objetivo geral estender a contribuição dos estudos de Daniélou para os campos da Filosofia da Música, Teoria Musical e da Cognição Musical, indo além do campo da Etnomusicologia dentro do qual o trabalho de Daniélou é comumente classificado; e seu objetivo específico é compreender sua contribuição para o entendimento da música em nossos dias, tanto no que se refere à sua recepção quanto às possibilidades que abre aos seus aspectos criativos. Sendo coerentes com o sistema de pensamento indiano de Alain Daniélou, e com sua afirmação da incognoscibilidade da realidade última e da falsidade da verdade tomada como dogma, analisamos seus estudos e pesquisas como interpretações ou redescrições possíveis do fenômeno musical, para isso nos baseamos na aproximação feita por Gadamer entre Teoria e Filosofia e na proposta de Rorty de que novas redescrições do objeto contribuem para ampliar o seu conhecimento, além disso concordamos com o que Kuhn aponta a respeito dos paradigmas científicos, e que Vattimo atribui especialmente às artes: a persuasão e convencimento retóricos têm um papel preponderante na consolidação de um paradigma, seja ele artístico ou científico. Entendemos as acepções musicais de Daniélou como próximas à de autores como Titus Burckhardt e sua proposição de Arte Sagrada, bem como de Joscelyn Godwin e a Música Especulativa. Analisam-se também os estudos e pesquisas de Daniélou mais como uma proposição, uma contribuição para o desenvolvimento de uma nova possibilidade criativa no domínio musical, do que uma sistematização de uma música já existente. Como resultado, a aproximação do trabalho de Daniélou permite a possibilidade de delimitação e comparação dos grupos de termos Música Especulativa e Especulação Musical; Música Sagrada e Sacralização da Música; Doutrina do Ethos, Teoria dos Afetos, e Expressão dos Sentimentos; a simbologia envolvida na metafísica musical proposta por Daniélou e a abordagem de sua Escala Universal dos Sons que nos permite delimitar os termos Tônica e Fundamental. Por fim propõe-se uma interpretação teóricofilosófica dirigida à poética da criação musical, considerando possibilidades abertas por sua escala como uma espécie diferente do relativismo do sistema do Temperamento Igual, um perspectivismo, campo fértil para a criação. / This thesis aims to extend the contribution of Daniélou\'s studies for the fields of Philosophy of Music, Music Theory and Musical Cognition, going beyond the field of Ethnomusicology within which his work is commonly classified, and to understand its contribution to the understanding of music today, both with regard to its reception and to the possibilities that its creative aspects opens. Being consistent with the system of Indian thought of Alain Daniélou, and its affirmation of the unknowability of ultimate reality and falsehood of the truth taken as dogma, we analyze their studies and researches as possible redescriptions or interpretations of the musical phenomenon, for this we based on the approach made by Gadamer between Theory and Philosophy and Rorty\'s propose that new object redescriptions contribute to broaden your knowledge, beyond this, we agree with Kuhn points about the scientific paradigms, and Vattimo attaches especially to the arts: persuasion and rhetorical conviction have a leading role in the consolidation of a paradigm, be it artistic or scientific. We understand the musical descriptions of Daniélou as close to the authors like Titus Burckhardt and his proposition of Sacred Art as well as Joscelyn Godwin and the Speculative Music. It also analyzes the studies and the surveys of Daniélou more like a proposition, a contribution to the development of a new creative possibility in the field of music, than a systematization of an existing music. As a result, the approach of the Daniélou\'s work allows the possibility of defining and comparing the groups and terms Speculative Music and Musical Speculation; Sacred Music and Sacralization of Music; Doctrine of Ethos, Theory of Affections, and Expression of Feelings; the symbolism involved in musical metaphysical approach proposed by Daniélou and his Universal Scale of the Sounds allows us to define the terms Tonic and Fundamental or Root. Finally we propose a theoretical-philosophical interpretation addressed to the poetics of musical creation considering the possibilities opened up by its scale as a different kind of relativism of the Equal Temperament System, perspectivism, fertile ground for the creation.

My dissertation argues that African Americans in the 20th-century connected lynching and other acts of racial violence with Christ's crucifixion, which in turn fostered hope and even interracial amity by linking his resurrection with racial uplift. To illustrate this dynamic, I focus on musician, dramatist, and church leader Willa Saunders Jones (1901-79) and her Passion play, which she wrote in Chicago during the 1920s. Over the course of six decades, Jones produced her play annually in churches and later large civic theaters. Growing in size and splendor, the play remained intimately tied with the Black church. It also bore the impress of Jones's cultural training in Little Rock, Arkansas and Chicago, the city to which her family fled after a transforming brush with racial violence. The rise of her Passion play depended upon her musical success, most notably as a choral director. By focusing on a single cultural product over time and through several disciplinary lenses, my study contributes new insights into the role of sacred music and drama within the African American community. Offering a brief overview of Jones and her play, my Introduction also articulates the dissertation's two central organizing concepts: the crucifixion trope and resurrection consciousness. Chapters One and Two explain why Americans, especially of African descent, made a link between the suffering of black men in America and the crucifixion of Christ (the crucifixion trope). Chapters Three and Four indicate why Jones considered sacred music and drama to be agents of racial uplift and interracial amity. The final chapter focuses on the theme of Christ's resurrection as a metaphor that animates certain responses to racial trauma (resurrection consciousness). In addition to a wide range of secondary sources, I draw upon personal interviews, court records, genealogical records, the Black press, visual images, song lyrics, correspondence, autobiographies, plays, playbills, school records, television footage, and church publications of the National Baptist Convention, USA. "Windy City, Holy Land" should be of special interest to scholars in African American Studies, American Studies, History, Religious Studies, Theatre Studies, and Women's Studies.

A tese que aqui apresentamos tem como objetivo geral estender a contribuição dos estudos de Daniélou para os campos da Filosofia da Música, Teoria Musical e da Cognição Musical, indo além do campo da Etnomusicologia dentro do qual o trabalho de Daniélou é comumente classificado; e seu objetivo específico é compreender sua contribuição para o entendimento da música em nossos dias, tanto no que se refere à sua recepção quanto às possibilidades que abre aos seus aspectos criativos. Sendo coerentes com o sistema de pensamento indiano de Alain Daniélou, e com sua afirmação da incognoscibilidade da realidade última e da falsidade da verdade tomada como dogma, analisamos seus estudos e pesquisas como interpretações ou redescrições possíveis do fenômeno musical, para isso nos baseamos na aproximação feita por Gadamer entre Teoria e Filosofia e na proposta de Rorty de que novas redescrições do objeto contribuem para ampliar o seu conhecimento, além disso concordamos com o que Kuhn aponta a respeito dos paradigmas científicos, e que Vattimo atribui especialmente às artes: a persuasão e convencimento retóricos têm um papel preponderante na consolidação de um paradigma, seja ele artístico ou científico. Entendemos as acepções musicais de Daniélou como próximas à de autores como Titus Burckhardt e sua proposição de Arte Sagrada, bem como de Joscelyn Godwin e a Música Especulativa. Analisam-se também os estudos e pesquisas de Daniélou mais como uma proposição, uma contribuição para o desenvolvimento de uma nova possibilidade criativa no domínio musical, do que uma sistematização de uma música já existente. Como resultado, a aproximação do trabalho de Daniélou permite a possibilidade de delimitação e comparação dos grupos de termos Música Especulativa e Especulação Musical; Música Sagrada e Sacralização da Música; Doutrina do Ethos, Teoria dos Afetos, e Expressão dos Sentimentos; a simbologia envolvida na metafísica musical proposta por Daniélou e a abordagem de sua Escala Universal dos Sons que nos permite delimitar os termos Tônica e Fundamental. Por fim propõe-se uma interpretação teóricofilosófica dirigida à poética da criação musical, considerando possibilidades abertas por sua escala como uma espécie diferente do relativismo do sistema do Temperamento Igual, um perspectivismo, campo fértil para a criação. / This thesis aims to extend the contribution of Daniélou\'s studies for the fields of Philosophy of Music, Music Theory and Musical Cognition, going beyond the field of Ethnomusicology within which his work is commonly classified, and to understand its contribution to the understanding of music today, both with regard to its reception and to the possibilities that its creative aspects opens. Being consistent with the system of Indian thought of Alain Daniélou, and its affirmation of the unknowability of ultimate reality and falsehood of the truth taken as dogma, we analyze their studies and researches as possible redescriptions or interpretations of the musical phenomenon, for this we based on the approach made by Gadamer between Theory and Philosophy and Rorty\'s propose that new object redescriptions contribute to broaden your knowledge, beyond this, we agree with Kuhn points about the scientific paradigms, and Vattimo attaches especially to the arts: persuasion and rhetorical conviction have a leading role in the consolidation of a paradigm, be it artistic or scientific. We understand the musical descriptions of Daniélou as close to the authors like Titus Burckhardt and his proposition of Sacred Art as well as Joscelyn Godwin and the Speculative Music. It also analyzes the studies and the surveys of Daniélou more like a proposition, a contribution to the development of a new creative possibility in the field of music, than a systematization of an existing music. As a result, the approach of the Daniélou\'s work allows the possibility of defining and comparing the groups and terms Speculative Music and Musical Speculation; Sacred Music and Sacralization of Music; Doctrine of Ethos, Theory of Affections, and Expression of Feelings; the symbolism involved in musical metaphysical approach proposed by Daniélou and his Universal Scale of the Sounds allows us to define the terms Tonic and Fundamental or Root. Finally we propose a theoretical-philosophical interpretation addressed to the poetics of musical creation considering the possibilities opened up by its scale as a different kind of relativism of the Equal Temperament System, perspectivism, fertile ground for the creation.

Partant de l’apparent conflit entre le geste rituel et l’acte musical dans la liturgie catholique, la thèse se propose de faire l’étude du munus ministeriale de la musique sacrée tel qu’il apparaît dans la constitution conciliaire de Vatican II sur la liturgie (SC 112). Le syntagme, un hapax dans l’ensemble du Concile, jamais encore appliqué à la musique et n’ayant à ce jour fait l’objet d’une étude approfondie, interroge. Il convient donc d’en explorer les éventuels antécédents historiques, d’en saisir le contexte pour mieux en appréhender la signification. La démarche proposée, à la fois proprement d’investigation historique et de réflexion théologique, suit celle de Sacrosanctum Concilium en questionnant tour à tour les Pères de l’Eglise et l’enseignement des pontifes, au rang desquels Pie X tient une place déterminante, avant de scruter l’élaboration du texte conciliaire lui-même. L’étude s’intéresse en outre à l’emploi et à la portée des munus et ministeriale dans l’ensemble des documents de Vatican II afin d’en dégager l’implication théologique pour la musique sacrée. Il apparaît que cette dernière acquiert le statut de lieu théologique fondé sur la notion de médiation et enraciné dans une succession de médiations. Par son munus ministeriale qui en fait dès lors sa spécificité, la musique sacrée participe bien d’un ordre sacramentel, à la fois expression de sa fonction mais aussi de sa charge programmatique dans le culte divin. / Starting from the apparent conflict between the ritual move and the musical act in Catholic liturgy, this thesis sets out to study the munus ministeriale of sacred music as it appears in the conciliar constitution of Vatican II (SC112). This phrase, a hapax legomenon in the whole council, which was never applied to music until then and hasn't been thoroughly studied up to now, is worth considering. That's why it would be appropriate to search for its possible historical antecedents, to grasp its context so as to better apprehend its meaning. The processes suggested here, not only a pure matter of historical investigation but also a piece of theological reflection, follow that of Sacrosanctum Concilium by questioning in turn the Church Fathers, the teaching of the Popes, among whom Pius X holds a fundamental position, before examining the elaboration of the conciliar text itself. Moreover, this study focuses on the use and import of the munus and ministeriale in all the documents from Vatican II so as to bring out their theological significance for sacred music. It appears that the latter gets the status of theological place founded on the notion of mediation, and rooted in a succession of mediations. Through its munus ministeriale which then makes it specific, sacred music really is part of a sacramental order, which expresses its function but also its programmatic role in divine cult.

Melodram für Sprecher und Orgel. Text: Dietrich Mendt, Musik: Matthias Drude