A divulgação sobre a existência de resíduos de agrotóxicos em alimentos vem tomando espaço no Brasil, incrementando a parcela de consumidores que procura alimentos mais seguros no mercado. Nesse contexto, os objetivos desta pesquisa foram identificar os segmentos de consumidores mais suscetíveis ao consumo de frutas, legumes e verduras (FLVs) com resíduos de agrotóxicos no Brasil e avaliar como os gestores do setor varejista vêm explorando as oportunidades emergentes relacionadas à dinâmica dessa demanda. Inicialmente, um estudo quantitativo explorou dados de 18 FLVs e de seis categorias de rendimentos familiares, com o objetivo de verificar o consumo de alimentos potencialmente contaminados por resíduos de agrotóxicos, conforme as classes socioeconômicas brasileiras no ano de 2009. Isso se deu a partir de dados de consumo de produtos alimentícios fornecidos pelo IBGE e de resíduos de pesticidas em alimentos publicados pela Anvisa. Aos resultados preliminares, foram acrescentados dados das estratégias do mercado varejista na oferta de FLVs mais inócuos. Para essa etapa, foi utilizada uma metodologia de pesquisa do tipo qualitativa, na qual 10 especialistas no tema de pesquisa foram questionados sobre como esse setor explora o mercado de frutas e hortaliças seguras em relação a essa contaminação. Os resultados encontrados na primeira fase do trabalho indicaram que os brasileiros de classes econômicas mais elevadas estão mais expostos ao consumo de resíduos de agrotóxicos presentes em FLVs. Muitas dessas substâncias são potencialmente danosas à saúde, incluindo características carcinogênicas em seus efeitos crônicos. Na segunda etapa, os agentes consultados evidenciaram a predominância da oferta de FLVs orgânicos pelo varejo brasileiro como uma alternativa pertinente, com menor risco de contaminação com resíduos de agrotóxicos. Porém, a ênfase no baixo preço dos alimentos ofertados pode restringir a oferta de FLVs orgânicos. Além disso, houve pouca e nenhuma referência dos especialistas, respectivamente, à certificação de FLVs pelo sistema de produção integrada e ao sistema de agricultura de precisão como alternativas viáveis para a oferta de FLVs seguros em relação a resíduos de agrotóxicos. Esses resultados são contrastantes com o contexto fiscalizador que vem se desenvolvendo sobre o varejo por parte das autoridades, em vista de oferta de alimentos seguros, o que oportunizaria um ambiente favorável à expansão do varejo de FLVs seguros do ponto de vista dos contaminantes agroquímicos. / The disclosure of the existence of pesticide residues in food has gained space in Brazil, thus increasing the number of consumers who seek for safer food in the market. In such context, this research aimed at identifying the segments of consumers who are more likely to consume fruits and vegetables with pesticide residues in Brazil, and assessing the way that retail managers have explored the opportunities emerging from such demand. A quantitative study initially surveyed data about 18 fruits and vegetables and six categories of family income, aiming at verifying the consumption of food partially contaminated with pesticide residues, according to the Brazilian socioeconomic classification in 2009. This was based on both IBGE data about food consumption and Anvisa data about pesticide residues found in food. Data about retail strategies to offer more innocuous fruits and vegetables were then added to those preliminary results. At this stage, a qualitative methodology was adopted, and 10 experts were questioned about the ways that this sector has explored the market of safe fruits and vegetables considering such contamination. The results found in the first phase of this work pointed out that upper class Brazilians have been more exposed to the consumption of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables. A number of such chemicals are potentially harmful to health, including carcinogenic characteristics among their chronic effects. At the second stage, the agents consulted evidenced the prevalence of the offer of organic fruits and vegetables by the Brazilian retail industry as a pertinent alternative, with lower risk of contamination with pesticide residues. However, the emphasis on the low price of food may limit the offer of organic fruits and vegetables. Furthermore, there was little and none reference by the experts concerning fruit and vegetable certification provided, respectively, by the integrated production system and the precision agriculture system as viable alternatives to offering safe fruits and vegetables in terms of pesticides residues. Such results are in contrast to the control that has been developed by authorities over retail to offer safe food, which would favor the expansion of safe fruit and vegetable retail regarding chemical contaminants.

A divulgação sobre a existência de resíduos de agrotóxicos em alimentos vem tomando espaço no Brasil, incrementando a parcela de consumidores que procura alimentos mais seguros no mercado. Nesse contexto, os objetivos desta pesquisa foram identificar os segmentos de consumidores mais suscetíveis ao consumo de frutas, legumes e verduras (FLVs) com resíduos de agrotóxicos no Brasil e avaliar como os gestores do setor varejista vêm explorando as oportunidades emergentes relacionadas à dinâmica dessa demanda. Inicialmente, um estudo quantitativo explorou dados de 18 FLVs e de seis categorias de rendimentos familiares, com o objetivo de verificar o consumo de alimentos potencialmente contaminados por resíduos de agrotóxicos, conforme as classes socioeconômicas brasileiras no ano de 2009. Isso se deu a partir de dados de consumo de produtos alimentícios fornecidos pelo IBGE e de resíduos de pesticidas em alimentos publicados pela Anvisa. Aos resultados preliminares, foram acrescentados dados das estratégias do mercado varejista na oferta de FLVs mais inócuos. Para essa etapa, foi utilizada uma metodologia de pesquisa do tipo qualitativa, na qual 10 especialistas no tema de pesquisa foram questionados sobre como esse setor explora o mercado de frutas e hortaliças seguras em relação a essa contaminação. Os resultados encontrados na primeira fase do trabalho indicaram que os brasileiros de classes econômicas mais elevadas estão mais expostos ao consumo de resíduos de agrotóxicos presentes em FLVs. Muitas dessas substâncias são potencialmente danosas à saúde, incluindo características carcinogênicas em seus efeitos crônicos. Na segunda etapa, os agentes consultados evidenciaram a predominância da oferta de FLVs orgânicos pelo varejo brasileiro como uma alternativa pertinente, com menor risco de contaminação com resíduos de agrotóxicos. Porém, a ênfase no baixo preço dos alimentos ofertados pode restringir a oferta de FLVs orgânicos. Além disso, houve pouca e nenhuma referência dos especialistas, respectivamente, à certificação de FLVs pelo sistema de produção integrada e ao sistema de agricultura de precisão como alternativas viáveis para a oferta de FLVs seguros em relação a resíduos de agrotóxicos. Esses resultados são contrastantes com o contexto fiscalizador que vem se desenvolvendo sobre o varejo por parte das autoridades, em vista de oferta de alimentos seguros, o que oportunizaria um ambiente favorável à expansão do varejo de FLVs seguros do ponto de vista dos contaminantes agroquímicos. / The disclosure of the existence of pesticide residues in food has gained space in Brazil, thus increasing the number of consumers who seek for safer food in the market. In such context, this research aimed at identifying the segments of consumers who are more likely to consume fruits and vegetables with pesticide residues in Brazil, and assessing the way that retail managers have explored the opportunities emerging from such demand. A quantitative study initially surveyed data about 18 fruits and vegetables and six categories of family income, aiming at verifying the consumption of food partially contaminated with pesticide residues, according to the Brazilian socioeconomic classification in 2009. This was based on both IBGE data about food consumption and Anvisa data about pesticide residues found in food. Data about retail strategies to offer more innocuous fruits and vegetables were then added to those preliminary results. At this stage, a qualitative methodology was adopted, and 10 experts were questioned about the ways that this sector has explored the market of safe fruits and vegetables considering such contamination. The results found in the first phase of this work pointed out that upper class Brazilians have been more exposed to the consumption of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables. A number of such chemicals are potentially harmful to health, including carcinogenic characteristics among their chronic effects. At the second stage, the agents consulted evidenced the prevalence of the offer of organic fruits and vegetables by the Brazilian retail industry as a pertinent alternative, with lower risk of contamination with pesticide residues. However, the emphasis on the low price of food may limit the offer of organic fruits and vegetables. Furthermore, there was little and none reference by the experts concerning fruit and vegetable certification provided, respectively, by the integrated production system and the precision agriculture system as viable alternatives to offering safe fruits and vegetables in terms of pesticides residues. Such results are in contrast to the control that has been developed by authorities over retail to offer safe food, which would favor the expansion of safe fruit and vegetable retail regarding chemical contaminants.

A divulgação sobre a existência de resíduos de agrotóxicos em alimentos vem tomando espaço no Brasil, incrementando a parcela de consumidores que procura alimentos mais seguros no mercado. Nesse contexto, os objetivos desta pesquisa foram identificar os segmentos de consumidores mais suscetíveis ao consumo de frutas, legumes e verduras (FLVs) com resíduos de agrotóxicos no Brasil e avaliar como os gestores do setor varejista vêm explorando as oportunidades emergentes relacionadas à dinâmica dessa demanda. Inicialmente, um estudo quantitativo explorou dados de 18 FLVs e de seis categorias de rendimentos familiares, com o objetivo de verificar o consumo de alimentos potencialmente contaminados por resíduos de agrotóxicos, conforme as classes socioeconômicas brasileiras no ano de 2009. Isso se deu a partir de dados de consumo de produtos alimentícios fornecidos pelo IBGE e de resíduos de pesticidas em alimentos publicados pela Anvisa. Aos resultados preliminares, foram acrescentados dados das estratégias do mercado varejista na oferta de FLVs mais inócuos. Para essa etapa, foi utilizada uma metodologia de pesquisa do tipo qualitativa, na qual 10 especialistas no tema de pesquisa foram questionados sobre como esse setor explora o mercado de frutas e hortaliças seguras em relação a essa contaminação. Os resultados encontrados na primeira fase do trabalho indicaram que os brasileiros de classes econômicas mais elevadas estão mais expostos ao consumo de resíduos de agrotóxicos presentes em FLVs. Muitas dessas substâncias são potencialmente danosas à saúde, incluindo características carcinogênicas em seus efeitos crônicos. Na segunda etapa, os agentes consultados evidenciaram a predominância da oferta de FLVs orgânicos pelo varejo brasileiro como uma alternativa pertinente, com menor risco de contaminação com resíduos de agrotóxicos. Porém, a ênfase no baixo preço dos alimentos ofertados pode restringir a oferta de FLVs orgânicos. Além disso, houve pouca e nenhuma referência dos especialistas, respectivamente, à certificação de FLVs pelo sistema de produção integrada e ao sistema de agricultura de precisão como alternativas viáveis para a oferta de FLVs seguros em relação a resíduos de agrotóxicos. Esses resultados são contrastantes com o contexto fiscalizador que vem se desenvolvendo sobre o varejo por parte das autoridades, em vista de oferta de alimentos seguros, o que oportunizaria um ambiente favorável à expansão do varejo de FLVs seguros do ponto de vista dos contaminantes agroquímicos. / The disclosure of the existence of pesticide residues in food has gained space in Brazil, thus increasing the number of consumers who seek for safer food in the market. In such context, this research aimed at identifying the segments of consumers who are more likely to consume fruits and vegetables with pesticide residues in Brazil, and assessing the way that retail managers have explored the opportunities emerging from such demand. A quantitative study initially surveyed data about 18 fruits and vegetables and six categories of family income, aiming at verifying the consumption of food partially contaminated with pesticide residues, according to the Brazilian socioeconomic classification in 2009. This was based on both IBGE data about food consumption and Anvisa data about pesticide residues found in food. Data about retail strategies to offer more innocuous fruits and vegetables were then added to those preliminary results. At this stage, a qualitative methodology was adopted, and 10 experts were questioned about the ways that this sector has explored the market of safe fruits and vegetables considering such contamination. The results found in the first phase of this work pointed out that upper class Brazilians have been more exposed to the consumption of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables. A number of such chemicals are potentially harmful to health, including carcinogenic characteristics among their chronic effects. At the second stage, the agents consulted evidenced the prevalence of the offer of organic fruits and vegetables by the Brazilian retail industry as a pertinent alternative, with lower risk of contamination with pesticide residues. However, the emphasis on the low price of food may limit the offer of organic fruits and vegetables. Furthermore, there was little and none reference by the experts concerning fruit and vegetable certification provided, respectively, by the integrated production system and the precision agriculture system as viable alternatives to offering safe fruits and vegetables in terms of pesticides residues. Such results are in contrast to the control that has been developed by authorities over retail to offer safe food, which would favor the expansion of safe fruit and vegetable retail regarding chemical contaminants.

p. 1-132 / Submitted by Santiago Fabio (fabio.ssantiago@hotmail.com) on 2013-04-10T17:47:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Odilon Seg Tese.pdf: 667461 bytes, checksum: 6ef86749197b282262299f32453aa110 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-04-22T19:29:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Odilon Seg Tese.pdf: 667461 bytes, checksum: 6ef86749197b282262299f32453aa110 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-04-22T19:29:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Odilon Seg Tese.pdf: 667461 bytes, checksum: 6ef86749197b282262299f32453aa110 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / O fornecimento de alimento seguro para consumo é uma questão de saúde pública. Normas que estabelecem vários procedimentos para manipulação, produção e comércio de alimentos prontos têm sido editadas, em particular a RDC-216 da ANVISA, que norteia as regulamentações estaduais e municipais. Entretanto, as práticas cotidianas de cozinheiros de restaurante populares estão bem distantes das regulamentações técnicas. Isso foi constatado nesta pesquisa de caráter qualitativo, através de observações de campo e entrevistas semiestruturadas com cozinheiros que trabalham em restaurantes populares do Bairro do Comércio de Salvador – Bahia. A rotina de trabalho dos cozinheiros segue um modelo próprio, com significações particulares. Muitas vezes essas práticas estão em desacordo com os conhecimentos científicos oferecendo risco à saúde dos milhares de comensais que se alimentam diariamente nesses espaços. Não há diálogo entre saberes técnicos e leigos, o primeiro está estabelecido em normas, mas não aplicado; o segundo prevalece de forma efetiva. Por isso a necessidade de se observar e compreender as práticas dos cozinheiros e a partir delas adequar às políticas públicas com programas educativos e de qualificação que resultem em novos comportamentos para a produção de alimentos seguros em restaurantes populares. / Salvador

The demand for the control of safe food, from consumers the world over, has revolutionized the manner in which wild game meat harvesting occurs. In developed countries, food quality, food and human safety with quality controlling systems embracing environmental carbon footprint issues are constantly improving, for international harmonization at each level of production “from stable to table”, “farm to fork”, “field to yield” as well as from “cradle to grave”. Food industries globally have adopted the in Hazard Analysis Critical control Point (HACCP) system. This is a risk assessment process using Hygiene Assessment Systems (HAS) as a mitigating strategy for risk communication through training. It is also a holistic system that is compatible with international trends designed not only for food safety and quality, but it also embraces other aspects of farming such as animal welfare, environmental management and Occupational Safety and Health. Global marketing for international trade demands quality assurance from trading partners thereby promoting economic growth for developing countries. The watch dog bodies such as the World Trade Organisation (WTO) prohibit trading for non-compliance, therefore trade barriers are in place for uncertified food of animal origin, EU regulations are stringent requirements that need compliance and so too the OIE regulations for disease control, while the Codex Alimentarius Commission maintains trade harmonization. In South Africa Hygiene Assessment Systems (HAS) is a National Hygiene management strategy implemented at abattoirs, that promotes and facilitates quality and hygiene and is reflective of South African quality abroad. It is prescribed under the section, “Essential National Standards” in the Meat Safety Act, 2000, (Act 40 of 2000). This Act covers red meat and includes both domestic animals and game. The Veterinary Procedural Notices (VPN’s) are used for export of game and give far more detailed guidelines than the legislation for game meat sold and consumed locally in South Africa. The objective of the Hygiene Assessment System (HAS) is to create a national awareness of quality to better improve the quality of life of all South Africans, whilst at the same time it is used as an auditing tool for Veterinary Public Health to effectively compare essential standards within the nine provinces. Currently this programme is referred to as the National Abattoir Rating Scheme (NARS), which is only applicable to the high and low throughput Red Meat and Poultry abattoirs in South Africa and not to the Game or Rural abattoirs, thereby further compounding the duality of food standards with food safety being compromised. This study has been undertaken because there are inadequate risk control measures such as introduction of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) guidelines on primary and secondary meat inspection, specifically on game for local consumption, not only within South Africa, but in the international arena as well. A revision of the HAS document and audit will also be needed to meet with the local (not just export) criteria for wild game harvesting, to enable food safety, thus enabling food security in the remote non - agricultural areas in KwaZulu -Natal. Venison is the meat of today because of health priorities that have arisen over the last ten years. It is low in trans - fatty acids and is regarded internationally as a healthy product produced organically in a free range situation. South Africa has a large potential export market for venison to the European Union because the demand, for venison, exceeds supply in Europe. However, the European Union’s “safe food regulation” that was introduced between 2005 and 2007 with an implementation date of 2008 (Regulation1021/2008) has made it imperative that the HACCP principle is applied to any food or food product of animal origin imported into the European Union or its member states. Also, HACCP specifies that a multidisciplinary team of experts is selected. This then lends itself to a participatory approach to risk assessment as wide consultation is required. This participatory approach was used, including expert opinion surveys and focus group discussions with stakeholders and role-players in the game industry such as commercial hunters, state veterinary services and game ranch owners. Such participants may have better insight into existing conditions than external experts with recognised educational qualifications, usually used in the HACCP team. From this and the relevant Veterinary Procedural Notices for game harvesting, a HACCP process flow and critical control points were derived for the primary phase of meat inspection, including slaughter, primary meat inspection and loading for transport to the abattoir. This was modified during a phase or trial harvesting and then implemented during the harvest of 1758 impala carcasses which were subsequently exported. In addition, environmental risks were considered and a risk mitigation strategy designed, to reduce any possible environmental impacts. In northern Kwazulu Natal, game ranches and conservation areas are in close proximity to the rural poor where food is scarce and comes at a premium price. These game farms harvest seasonally for either the local or export market, hence there is abundance of game offal and by-products available, yet it is at present left in the field or taken to the vulture restaurants (in line with the VPN). Participatory risk analysis was thus also used to investigate the feasibility of using edible offal from impala (Aepyceros melampus) as a source of renewable protein, to address food security issues in impoverished communities in the study area, the districts of uPongola and Jozini, in northern KwaZulu Natal. Structured interviews on the cultural acceptability of impala offal were held with 162 randomly sampled adult respondents in veterinary districts associated with dip tanks. A two stage cluster design was used where the state veterinary areas were stage one and the dip tanks (with proportional random sampling of community members) were the second stage. Offal is a popular food in South Africa in different cultures, called “ithumbu” in IsiZulu, “ boti” by the Indian group, “afval” in Afrikaans and “tripe” in English. Generally demand outstrips supply of offal at red meat abattoirs in South Africa. It was found that there was no significant difference between those who would eat impala offal and those who would eat the offal of sheep. It was concluded that it is feasible to use inspected game offal from impala as a protein source in much the same way as red meat offal is used and that the current practice of leaving the offal for predators was likely, if it continues, to cause imbalances in the predator/ prey ratio on game farms. It is recommended that the VPN for game be amended to encompass inspected offal being allowed into the formal food chain, in line with the standard operating procedure developed during this study. Also that current fragmentation of legislation and the implementation thereof is revisited for effective control for harmonisation of food safety standards for game meat within South Africa. / Dissertation (MMedVet)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Paraclinical Sciences / unrestricted

Master of Science / Department of Hospitality Management and Dietetics / Kevin R. Roberts / The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimated that one in six Americans become ill,128,000 are hospitalized, and 3,000 die each year due to foodborne illness. Children are at a higher risk of acquiring foodborne illness than adults for several reasons, including: an immune system that has yet to fully develop, limiting their ability to fight infections; a lack of control over the food they consume because their meals are usually provided by others; and the lack of awareness of food safety risks. Thus, it is critical to ensure that childcare center employees practice safe food handling. The purpose of this study was to explore the food safety knowledge, practices, and barriers to safe food handling practices of childcare center employees. Observations were conducted in 10 childcare centers in Manhattan, Kansas. Each childcare center was observed for two days during lunch preparation and service. Observations of foodservice employees were conducted in the kitchen using a structured observation form. Teacher observations were conducted in the classroom using detailed notes. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic, food safety training, and food safety knowledge information. SPSS (v. 20.0) was used to analyze data. Childcare center employees had high average scores on the safety knowledge assessment. The majority of employees received some type of food safety training. Time pressures, availability of equipment, and small food preparation space were found as the main barriers to implementing safe food handling. Childcare center foodservice workers and teachers were knowledgeable about handwashing and time/temperature control, but failed to utilize on the job. Results of this study will help childcare educators to develop materials to improve food safety practices and encourage owners/managers of childcare centers to enhance their food safety behaviors.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-31T19:25:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Antonia Gomes do Nascimento.pdf: 1998725 bytes, checksum: fbd800fbafb45198f42632b3aca1a0f0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-31T19:25:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Antonia Gomes do Nascimento.pdf: 1998725 bytes, checksum: fbd800fbafb45198f42632b3aca1a0f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-27 / The present work has been developed in the municipal school Jos? Arcanjo de Deus e Silva, in the city Z? Doca-MA, with the aim of orienting the responsibles for the school nourishment about safe food and good practices of manipulation. Initially, a checklist has been applied to verify the conditions of the physical and operational structure of the canteen, with the objective of characterizing and verifying if the collaborators followed the current legislation. After that, samples of swabs have been collected on the manipulator?s hands and tools, for verifying the presence of microorganisms before and after the training. It?s been applied a half-structured questionnaire to the manipulators for obtaining informations about the scholar environment, and in addition interviews have been made with the directors of the morning and afternoon shifts. After the checklist application, some nonconformities have been identified, for which alterations have been suggested to facilitate the adequation process. It has been observed, however, that the manipulators didn?t have the knowledge about the good practices that must be adopted for obtaining a safe food and with quality, as the importance of using caps and aprons, the periodic development of laboratorial exams and the need of promoting a correct hands and food hygienization. During the activities, significants differences have been verified on the physical and operational structure, specially on the manipulators? behavior. The results of this work have demonstrated that the hygienic-sanitary school conditions are unsatisfactory, but the mobilization was effective and the hands and tool hygienization process was adequate. As a final result, a Manipulation Good Practices Manual was developed. / O presente trabalho foi realizado na escola Municipal Jos? Arcanjo de Deus e Silva, na cidade de Z? Doca-MA, com o intuito de orientar os respons?veis pela execu??o da alimenta??o escolar sobre alimento seguro e boas pr?ticas de manipula??o. Inicialmente, foi aplicado um checklist para verificar as condi??es da estrutura f?sica e operacional da cantina, cuja finalidade seria caracterizar e verificar se os colaboradores seguiam a legisla??o vigente. Em seguida, foram realizadas coletas de swabs nas m?os dos manipuladores e nos utens?lios, para verifica??o da presen?a de microrganismos antes e depois do treinamento realizado. Foi aplicado um question?rio semi-estruturado com os manipuladores para obten??o de informa??es sobre o ambiente escolar, al?m de entrevistas com os diretores dos turnos matutino e vespertino. Ap?s a aplica??o do checklist foram identificadas algumas n?o conformidades, para as quais foram sugeridas altera??es para facilitar o processo de adequa??o. Observou-se, no entanto, que os manipuladores desconheciam as boas pr?ticas que devem ser adotadas para a obten??o de um alimento seguro e de qualidade, tais como, a import?ncia da utiliza??o de toucas e aventais, a realiza??o peri?dica de exames laboratoriais e a necessidade de se promover uma higieniza??o correta das m?os e dos alimentos. Ao longo das atividades, verificou-se diferen?as significativas na estrutura f?sica e operacional, principalmente na postura dos manipuladores. Os resultados deste trabalho demonstraram que as condi??es higi?nico-sanit?rias da escola s?o insatisfat?rias, mas a sensibiliza??o foi eficaz e houve adequa??o no processo de higieniza??o das m?os e utens?lios. Como resultado final foi elaborado um Manual de Boas Pr?ticas de Manipula??o.

Orientadores: Armando Kazuo Fujii, Sylvio Luis Honório / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T00:11:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Soares_EvelineKassiaBraga_M.pdf: 763298 bytes, checksum: 7009ecd018de08147c037dab5c5eb7ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: A alface (Lactuca sativa L.) é a hortaliça folhosa mais consumida no Brasil, sendo a do tipo crespa a mais comercializada. O ozônio é um sanitizante de interesse por não gerar resíduos nos alimentos, destacando-se pelo seu alto poder oxidante e pela sua rápida degradação. Por ser um sanitizante recente no Brasil, ainda não há uma legislação específica que estabeleça os parâmetros para sua utilização a níveis seguros. O objetivo da pesquisa é avaliar as condições de concentração e temperatura da água ozonizada no processo de sanitização de alface. Através da ferramenta do Delineamento Composto Central Rotacional (DCCR) investigou-se o efeito das variáveis: concentração e temperatura de água ozonizada sobre a redução da carga microbiana de Salmonella sp, coliformes totais, coliformes termotolerantes e Escherichia coli, bolores e leveduras, aeróbios mesófilos e manutenção de clorofila. Foram utilizados as temperaturas de 5, 8, 15, 22 e 25°C e as concentração de 0,1, 0,2, 0,5, 0,8 e 0,9 mg L-1. Após o tratamento, a alface foi armazenada a 5±1ºC sendo submetida à análise microbiológica e de clorofila após 3, 6 e 9 dias de armazenamento. A caracterização microbiológica da matéria-prima detectou a presença de Salmonella e E. coli. Os resultados mostraram que a alface tratada com água ozonizada nas concentrações de 0,5, 0,8 e 0,9 mg L-1 permaneceu dentro dos parâmetros da legislação durante todo o período de armazenamento. A maior redução microbiológica ocorreu no tratamento com concentração de 0,9 mg L-1 e temperatura de 15ºC. As concentrações de 0,1 e 0,2 mg L-1 não foram eficientes para a eliminação de Salmonella no tempo de contato de 1 minuto. Dentro das faixas estudadas nas duas variáveis, verificou-se que nenhuma delas teve influência estatisticamente significativa para a redução de clorofila / Abstract: Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is the most leafy vegetable consumed in Brazil. Ozone is a sanitizer for food, especially for its high oxidizing power, rapid degradation, and without residue. Being a recent sanitizer in Brazil, there is no specific legislation that establishes the parameters for its use to safe levels. The objective of this research is to evaluate distinct concentration and temperature of ozonated water in the process of sanitizing lettuce. By a Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) it was investigated the effect of variables: concentration and temperature of ozonated water on microbial load reduction of Salmonella sp, total coliforms, fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli, yeasts, and aerobic mesophilic as well as the effect on leaf chlorophyll. Different sets of Temperature (5, 8, 15, 22 and 25°C) and ozone concentration (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8 and 0.9 mg L-1) were tested on Salmonella and E. coli contaminated lettuce for 1 minute. After the treatment, the vegetables were stored at 5±1°C and microbiological analysis and chlorophyll determination after 3, 6 and 9 storage days. The results showed that ozonated water at the concentrations of 0.5, 0.8, and 0.9 mg L-1 killed Salmonella and E. coli. Most microbial reduction was observed in treatment concentration of 0.9 mg L-1 and temperature of 15°C. The concentrations of 0.1 and 0.2 mg L-1 were not effective eliminate Salmonella. None of the two variables were statistically significant to influence chlorophyll loss / Mestrado / Tecnologia Pós-Colheita / Mestre em Engenharia Agrícola