Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Estudos Latino-Americanos da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Mestre em Estudos Latino-Americanos. Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Diana Araujo Pereira. Tesis de Maestría del Programa Interdisciplinar de Pós-Graduação em Estudos Latino-Americanos (PPG IELA) / Submitted by Carlos Fernando Arroyave Ramirez (filosofema@hotmail.com) on 2016-05-24T19:41:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cantar la Esperanza. Ernesto Cardenal y Roque Dalton.pdf: 2970515 bytes, checksum: 1942f8687b4099b8136453a772523e58 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Nilson Junior (nilson.junior@unila.edu.br) on 2016-05-24T19:50:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Cantar la Esperanza. Ernesto Cardenal y Roque Dalton.pdf: 2970515 bytes, checksum: 1942f8687b4099b8136453a772523e58 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-24T19:50:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cantar la Esperanza. Ernesto Cardenal y Roque Dalton.pdf: 2970515 bytes, checksum: 1942f8687b4099b8136453a772523e58 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-24 / This research, aims to study and understand how culturally pass the works of two poets - Roque Dalton Garcia and Ernesto Cardenal Martínez - linked both to creative processes, which are intended to act in social transformation and offer a critical reading of the Latin American environment. It is ascertained by the presence of the Amerindian, the mythical, aesthetic pursuits, policies and specific and general contexts around his works. Also it aims to analyze the way in which his works have influencing an imaginary and a perspective that is able to exercise and to read the symbolic universe that intermingles the Latin American sociopolitical universe. Work it attempts a look at poetizar, the special features of this human making in the hands of two personalities who are reveling in political elements, spiritual positions, negotiations and hybridisms, in the richness, complexity and heterogeneity of our continent. Topics of mandatory approach are utopia and myth, topics such as liberation theology, the word revolution and metaphors and imagined that concentrate much of the making of these two men of letters. / La presente pesquisa, se orienta a estudiar y entender la manera en que transitan culturalmente las obras de dos poetas centroamericanos –Roque Dalton García y Ernesto Cardenal Martínez –, ligados ambos a procesos creativos, que tienen la intención de actuar en la transformación social y ofrecer una lectura crítica del entorno latinoamericano. Se indaga por la presencia de lo amerindio, la mítica, las búsquedas estéticas, políticas y los contextos específicos y generales que rodearon (o rodean) sus obras. También se tiene por objetivo analizar la manera en que sus obras influenciaron o influencian un imaginario y una perspectiva que es capaz de ejercitarse y dar lectura al universo simbólico que se entremezcla al universo sociopolítico latinoamericano. El trabajo intenta pues una mirada al poetizar, a las particularidades que asume este hacer humano en las manos de ambas personalidades, quienes se recrean en elementos políticos, posiciones espirituales, negociaciones e hibridismos que yacen en la riqueza, complejidad y heterogeneidad de nuestro continente. Temas de obligado abordaje entonces lo constituyen conceptos como el de Utopía y el tema de lo mítico, tópicos como la Teología de la liberación, la palabra revolución y las metáforas e imaginarios que concentran gran parte del hacer de estos dos hombres de letras.

This study, Jupiter, a theatre play: an ideological discourse through literature, is based upon the play written by Francisco Gavidia that tells the story of the Salvadoran nation, which after having lived many decades under the Spanish yoke, is organized with the help of the Creole elite, in order to obtain independence. For Francisco Gavidia it is important to raise awareness of the importance of freedom in the Salvadoran population. The objective of this work is to analyze the main characters in order to identify the existence of an ideological message in the drama, Jupiter. To accomplish this purpose, we have used some drama concepts established by García Barrientos 2007; some other concepts based on the narrative theory by Mieke Bal (1995), and the theory of the Historical Novel explained by Fernández (2003); both theories have served as a tool to facilitate and deepen the study of the characters, some structural elements, and ideological discourse that we find in this literary work. Our study has focused on the analysis of the main characters, both fictional and historical, with the main character being a black slave: Jupiter. This figure represents the Salvadoran population that has lived several decades under the Spanish yoke. Then we find the figure of the woman embodied in the character named Blanca. This character plays the role of a passive woman, since she has no voice or power, and she is seen as an object through which the male characters can obtain power and material wealth. Another fictional character is Beltranena who represents the Spanish power in Salvadoran territory during the Colonial era. Finally, there are two historical figures who serve the purpose of leaders in the planning and execution of the rebellion to acquire the freedom for the people. Our hypothesis has been corroborated, since according to our analysis the characters deliver an ideological message, because the author exposes the ideology through the main characters.