La presente tesis fue realizada con el fin de diseñar un modelo de gestión de almacén para mejorar el almacenaje de las muestras en una empresa que se dedica a la elaboración de productos lácteos. El almacén estudiado además de estar conformado por muestras en buen estado, también almacenaba muestras vencidas desperdiciando espacio porque aún no habían sido desechadas Se analizó la información proporcionada por las diversas fuentes del área de recepción a fin de poder dar solución a los problemas detectados en el almacenaje de las muestras como: eliminación de muestras vencidas, mejoramiento del control de las fechas de vencimiento, mejoramiento del flujo de muestras, aprovechamiento de espacios del área del almacén. Para contribuir al eficiente manejo de las muestras se aplicó herramientas como el método de las “5 s” y la clasificación ABC. Con la propuesta se estructura un óptimo sistema de gestión de almacén, en el que se eliminen las debilidades que presenta el actual, así como las muestras vencidas o actividades innecesarias que se desperdician en el tiempo. El diseño de la gestión del almacén tuvo un positivo efecto en el área de recepción, desde los puntos de vista de ahorros, debido a que las muestras ya no se vencerán en el almacén. This thesis was made in order to design a model warehouse management to improve the storage of samples in a company dedicated to the production of dairy products. The store also being studied samples made up in good condition, also stored sample wasting space due because there still had been discarded. The information provided by the various sources of reception in order to give solution was analyzed to the problems identified in the storage of samples as: disposal of expired samples, improved control of expiration dates, improving the flow of samples, use of space of warehouse área. To contribute to efficient sample handling tools such as the method of the "5 s" and the ABC classification applies. With the proposed optimum warehouse management system is structured, in which the weaknesses of the current is removed, and samples expired or unnecessary activities that are wasted in time. The design of warehouse management had a positive effect in the reception area, from the point of view of savings, because the samples no longer prevail in the store.

Ce travail de thèse s’inscrit dans le contexte de la désulfuration par absorption des gaz utilisables dans des technologies émergentes comme les piles à combustible ou le procédé Fischer-Tropsch. Cette purification peut être réalisée à des températures modérées (200-300°C) sans régénération d'échantillon. L’absence de traitements à haute température permet d'envisager l'utilisation des solides nanostructurés qui devraient montrer naturellement une réactivité élevée. En fonction du schéma précis du procédé, on pourra être amené à éliminer des molécules de nature différente : H2S ou des molécules réfractaires comme mercaptans ou thiophènes. Pour répondre à ces exigences, la thèse s'est déroulée en deux parties. Dans la première partie des échantillons à base de nanoparticules de ZnO pur et dopé (M0,03Zn0,97O, M=Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) ont été préparés, caractérisés et leur réactivité vis-à-vis d’H2S a été étudiée. Il a été trouvé que le cuivre est le dopant qui permet d’améliorer le plus les performances de l’échantillon. L'étude du mécanisme de sulfuration par MET, DRX in situ et XPS a permis de conclure que la diffusion des ions O2- à travers la couche de ZnS est l'étape limitante de la sulfuration. Son accélération en présence de cuivre serait due à la formation d'une solution solide Cu2S-ZnS riche en lacunes anioniques. La deuxième partie du travail a été consacrée à l'élimination du thiophène. Un nouveau solide nanocomposite 2,8NiO-H1,8Ni0,6(OH)MoO4 a été mis au point. Sa structure ouverte sous forme de feuillets et sa capacité à se réduire facilement en présence d’H2 créent des conditions propices pour l'interaction avec le thiophène et permettent ainsi d'augmenter considérablement sa vitesse de sulfuration en comparaison avec l'échantillon classique à base de Ni/ZnO. Sa haute réactivité avec le thiophène en fait un excellent candidat pour éliminer les traces d’autres espèces sulfurées (COS, CS2, mercaptans). / This work focuses on the desulfurization by absorption of gases which can be used inemerging technologies such as fuel cells or Fischer-Tropsch process. This purification canbe achieved at low temperatures (200-300°C) without regeneration of the sorbent. Theabsence of high temperature treatment allow to use nanostructured solids wich can normallymust exibit higher reactivity. Depending on the process chosen, we will have to eliminatemolecules of different nature : H2S or molecules like mercaptans or thiophene. To answerthese requirements, the thesis work consisted of two parts. In the first part, nanoparticles ofpure and doped ZnO (M0,03Zn0,97O, M=Fe,Co,Ni,Cu) were synthesized and characterized,and their reactivity towards H2S was investigated. It was found that copper is the dopandwhich allow to improve considerably the performances of the sorbent. The study ofsulfidation mechanism by TEM, in situ XRD and XPS allow to conclude that diffusion ofO2- ions trough the ZnS layer is the rate limiting step of sulfidation. The acceleration in thepresence of copper may be due to formation of a solid solution Cu2S-ZnS rich in anionicvacancies. The aim of the second part of this work was to eliminate thiophene. A newnanocomposite solid 2,8NiO-H1,8Ni0,6(OH)MoO4 was prepared. Its layered open structureand its ability to be easily reduced create favorable conditions for interactions withthiophene, and in this way, allow to increase considerably its sulfidation rate (in comparisonwith the sulfidation rate of the classical sample Ni/ZnO). Its high reactivity with thiophenemakes it an excellent candidate for the elimination of other sulfure containing molecules(COS, CS2, mercaptans).

Understanding the demography of species over recent history (e.g., < 100 years) is critical in studies of ecology and evolution, but records of population history are rarely available. Large single nucleotide polymorphism datasets generated with restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RADseq), in combination with demographic inference methods, are improving our ability to gain insights into the population history of both model and non-model species. However, to assess the performance of genetic methods it is important to compare their estimates of population history to known demography, in both simulation and empirical settings. Here, I used a simulation approach to examine the potential for RADseq datasets to accurately estimate effective population size (Ne) in Wright-Fisher populations over the course of stable and declining population trends, and distinguish stable from steadily declining populations over a contemporary time scale (20 generations). Overall, my results reveal that demographic inference using genome-wide data can be successfully applied to estimate Ne, and the detection of population-size declines. Next, I assess these methods in an empirical study from a wetland with 37 years of amphibian mark-recapture data to study the utility of genetically-based demographic inference on salamander species with documented population declines (Ambystoma talpoideum) and expansions (A. opacum). For both species, demographic model inference supported population size changes that corroborated mark-recapture data. To further validate these findings, I used individual-based population models of the pond-breeding salamander, Ambystoma opacum, with life-history parameters estimated from a long-term dataset, over a 50 year projection. My results demonstrate that genetically estimated Ne is positively correlated with census size in isolated and subdivided A. opacum populations. Finally, I investigated metapopulation patterns of genomic diversity in A. opacum and A. talpoideum and how migration may impact Ne estimation. I found strong patterns of subpopulation structuring, signatures of migration between subpopulations, and differences in Ne at the subpopulation level in both species. Overall, my findings suggest the ability of genomic data to reconstruct recent demographic changes, which can have important applications to conservation biology, and ultimately can help us elucidate the effects of environmental disturbances in the demography of endangered or declining species.

This thesis includes two main parts: I. Evaluation of techniques for oil (total lipid) quantification of chia and soybean seeds. This study evaluated ten different methods of seed oil quantification, including some methods that have not been applied to oilseeds before. The main aim of this study was to find one or more techniques that are easy, inexpensive, safe and fast with a small amount of ground seeds. The Soxhlet method was used as a standard to compared between techniques of oil quantification. The oil extraction by the Soxhlet method was evaluated with two solvents petroleum ether and acetone. There is not a statistically significant difference between petroleum ether and acetone solvents. No significant differences for the amount of oil recovered via the Soxhlet method were found between Medium Moisture Content (MMC > 10%) and Low Moisture Content (LMC < 4.0 %). The Folch technique provided higher percentages of oil extraction than Bligh and Dyer and hexane-isopropanol techniques. There is not a statistically significant difference (P =0.0844) between Soxhlet method and Folch method but less than the Soxhlet method. A supercritical fluid extraction (HCH) method provided a lower yield of oil extraction compared with the Soxhlet method for three varieties of bias samples. A Direct Transesterification (DT) method with LMC and MMC provided a statistically significant difference than the Soxhlet method. The DT with LMC produced higher yield than DT with MMC between samples but lower than the Soxhlet method. A Double Direct Transesterification (DDT) following Griffiths protocol provided more accurate results with the stir bar technique than sonication technique. 11 oilseeds bias samples (10 bias samples of soybean and one of chia) covering an oil content range of 15.4 to 32.6% showed, there is a significant difference between the Soxhlet and DDTG method and high oil quantification found with DDTG. A Double Direct Transesterification following Qiao et al. (2015) provided similar oil extraction to the Griffiths et al. (2010) method and also there is a significant difference between the Soxhlet and DDTQ method and higher oil recovered with DDTQ. The Bead Beating Extraction (BBE) protocol showed, there is a statistically significant difference ( P< 0.001) than the Soxhlet method. The BBE provided high oil quantification comparing with the Soxhlet method. The BBE provided the best results since it is the easiest, cheapest and fastest oil quantification method. A Nile red fluorescence technique yield no clear results. II. Characterization of oil and protein in mutant chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds. The objectives of this study were to (1) measure heritability in chia plants of levels of oil and protein content and seed yield and (2) Compare differences between two locations over two years for oil and protein percentages in chia and seeds yield. A population of 180 M3 mutant individual chia plants was harvested and for which forty M4 chia seeds were planted based on seed composition characteristics, with six plants representing each characteristic (high and lower oil, protein, and density and high yield). The forty M4 chia seeds were planted, with two replications for two locations, have been chosen in Kentucky one on Spindletop farm and the other in Quicksand farm. The M5 progeny seeds from plants grown in Spindletop and Quicksand contained significantly (P < 0.05) more protein than did seeds from the M4 parents. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) between locations where Quicksand obtain higher oil content than Spindletop. There was no significant difference between M5 parents seeds and M4 progeny seeds and higher yield kg/ha at Quicksand than Spindletop.

This paper is concerned with approximating noisy samples by non-uniform rational B-spline curves with special emphasis on free knots. We show how to set up the problem such that nonlinear optimization methods can be applied efficiently. This involves the introduction of penalizing terms in order to avoid undesired knot positions. We report on our implementation of the nonlinear optimization and we show a way to implement the program in parallel. Parallel performance results are described. Our experiments show that our program has a linear speedup and an efficiency value close to unity. Runtime results on a parallel computer are displayed.

Orientador: Anete Pereira de Souza. / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T05:07:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Durigan_Mauricio_D.pdf: 7600085 bytes, checksum: 74ae2337a73b6edfb14a403af4ffa590 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: Giardia duodenalis é um protozoário flagelado que parasita o homem e diversos animais domésticos e selvagens. Este parasito causa a doença giardiose que é uma das mais prevalentes doenças parasitárias de veiculação hídrica do mundo, responsável por aproximadamente 280 milhões de casos anualmente. Existe uma considerável variabilidade genética em G. duodenalis, de modo que seus isolados foram divididos em oito grupos genéticos (A-H), dois dos quais (A e B) são encontrados tanto em humanos quanto em animais. Os demais grupos (C-H) parasitam outros animais e apresentam maior especificidade a determinados hospedeiros não humanos. A contaminação ambiental por Giardia tem sido amplamente descrita embora esses estudos, em sua maioria, são realizados no nível de identificação de espécie. Há falta de estudos que correlacionam a contaminação ambiental e infecções clínicas na mesma região. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal contribuir para o conhecimento da diversidade genética da espécie Giardia duodenalis. Primeiramente, foi realizada a genotipagem multilocos dos principais grupos genéticos de G. duodenalis na região metropolitana de Campinas. Foram encontrados grupos genéticos associados principalmente a infecções humanas bem como isolados com potencial zoonótico em amostras ambientais e obtidas de outros animais. Foi encontrado um alto percentual (25%) de amostras com grupos genéticos mistos e um elevado número de haplótipos distintos, indicando grande diversidade genética do parasito nessa região. Na segunda parte deste trabalho, foi realizado um estudo populacional com amostras clínicas de Giardia provenientes de hospital, creche e centro de controle de zoonoses e amostras ambientais de esgoto hospitalar, efluente de estação de tratamento de esgoto e amostras hídricas de importantes rios e córregos urbanos. As análises populacionais, com exceção das amostras caninas, evidenciaram grande similaridade genética entre essas populações de Giardia. Na terceira parte do presente trabalho, foi realizada uma busca por repetições microssatélites (SSRs) nos genomas publicados de Giardia para desenvolvimento, caracterização e avaliação de polimorfismo de novos marcadores microssatélites. Foram encontrados 506, 438, 402 e 507 microssatélites correspondentes aos genomas AI, AII, B e E, respectivamente. Foram selecionados 80 SSRs específicos aos grupos genéticos A, B e E (40, 20 e 20, respectivamente), além de 36 SSRs compartilhados entre os três genomas. A análise de amplificação confirmou a existência de marcadores específicos aos grupos genéticos A, B e E, além de marcadores compartilhados entre os grupos. A caracterização dos SSRs permitiu a detecção de 12 locos SSRs polimórficos do grupo genético A e sete locos SSRs polimórficos do grupo genético B. Dentre os marcadores compartilhados, o loco GduABE01 apresentou polimorfismo. Os locos polimórficos podem servir para futuros estudos populacionais e os marcadores desenvolvidos podem ser utilizados para identificação dos principais grupos genéticos de G. duodenalis em amostras clínicas e ambientais. Os resultados apresentados contribuem para um melhor entendimento sobre a diversidade genética do parasito bem como sobre a presença de grupos com potencial zoonóticos inter-relacionados em diferentes regiões. Os novos marcadores moleculares disponibilizados podem contribuir para novos estudos populacionais, promovendo melhor discriminação entre os genótipos e possibilitando assim identificar a contaminação e promover o rastreamento da doença / Abstract: Giardia duodenalis is a flagellate protozoan that that parasites humans and several domestic and wild animals. This parasite causes giardiasis, one of the most common waterborne diseases in the world responsible for, approximately 280 million cases per year. There is a great genetic diversity in this species and its isolates have been grouped into eight distinct genetic assemblages (A-H). While groups A and B parasitize different hosts and have zoonotic potential, groups C, D, E, F, G and H usually found in animals and show greater specificity to the parasitized host. Environmental contamination for Giardia has been widely reported however, most of these studies have been performed only at species level. The present study aimed to contribute to the knowledge of the genetic diversity of the species Giardia duodenalis. In the first chapter of this document, multilocus sequence-based genotyping using three gene loci assigned most of the samples as belonging to human genotypes although isolates with zoonotic potential have also been identified in environmental and non-human clinical samples. A high percentage (25%) of mixed assemblages and a high number of different haplotypes were detected, which indicates high genetic diversity of this parasite in this region. In the second chapter, a population genetics study was performed with clinical samples from hospital, day-car center and a center for zoonosis control of the city and environmental samples from hospital sewage, effluent of a wastewater treatment plant and important water samples from rivers and urban streams. With the exception of the canine population, population genetic analysis showed consistent similarity between clinical and environmental populations. In the last chapter, we performed a search for microsatellites (SSRs) in the published genomes of Giardia to develop and characterize the polymorphism of new microsatellite markers. Our group identified 506, 438, 402 and 507 microsatellites of the genomes AI, AII, B and E, respectively. We have selected 80 markers specific to the genetic assemblages A, B and E (40, 20 and 20, respectively) and 36 shared SSRs between the three genomes. Analysis of amplification reactions confirmed the existence of specific loci of each genetic assemblage as well as shared loci among assemblages. Characterization of all loci allowed the detection of 12 polymorphic loci for group A and seven polymorphic loci for group B. Among the shared markers, GduABE01 presented polymorphism. The polymorphic markers can be used in future population genetic studies and the developed markers can contribute to the identification of the main genetic assemblages of G. duodenalis in clinical and environmental samples. The results presented here contribute to a better understanding of the genetic diversity of the parasite as well as the presence of zoonotic potential genotypes, related in different regions. The new molecular markers provided can contribute with population genetic studies in a high level of discrimination that allows identifying the source of contamination and molecular tracking of the disease / Doutorado / Genetica de Microorganismos / Doutor em Genetica e Biologia Molecular

A utilização de amostras de leite para a realização do diagnóstico precoce de prenhez em bovinos tem se tornado uma alternativa relevante para propriedades produtoras de leite, principalmente nas quais o suporte técnico é limitado. Atualmente, muitas fazendas coletam amostras de leite para avaliação da sanidade da glândula mamária e/ou para controle nutricional. Eventualmente, a utilização desta mesma amostra para a realização do teste de prenhez, viabilizaria o processo de coleta e diminuiria os custos com materiais e transporte destas amostras. Porém, ainda não se tem conhecimento de como o processamento da amostra de leite, desde a coleta até a análise laboratorial, pode afetar os resultados do teste de prenhez. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de estratégias de coleta, armazenamento, conservação e processamento das amostras de leite sobre os resultados do teste de prenhez. Para isso, foram realizados 5 experimentos. No experimento 1, que avaliou o efeito do período do dia no qual a amostra foi coletada, foram utilizadas amostras de 51 animais (duas amostras por animal, uma obtida na ordenha da manhã e outra na ordenha da tarde). No experimento 2, que avaliou a ocorrência do \"efeito de arraste\" no medidor de leite do equipamento de ordenha, foram utilizadas amostras de leite de 94 animais pertencentes a duas fazendas distintas. De cada animal foram obtidas duas amostras de leite, uma direto do teto antes do início da ordenha e outra do medidor de leite ao término desta. No experimento 3, que avaliou o impacto das condições e do tempo de armazenamento das amostras de leite, 40 amostras foram coletadas e divididas em 4 idades (0, 3, 6 e 9 dias entre a coleta e a análise) e 2 temperaturas de armazenamento (ambiente e refrigerado). No experimento 4, que avaliou o efeito do pré-aquecimento das amostras de leite, o teste de prenhez foi realizado em 14 amostras que haviam sido submetidas ao banho-maria. Enquanto que, no experimento 5, que avaliou a ocorrência do \"efeito de arraste\" nos equipamentos de análise laboratorial, amostras de leite de 11 animais foram submetidas primeiro à análise de qualidade e depois ao teste de prenhez. Para verificar a existência de impacto de todos estes fatores, o coeficiente kappa foi calculado utilizando o software R. Como resultado, a coleta da amostra de leite na ordenha da manhã ou na ordenha da tarde não afetou os resultados do teste de prenhez. As concentrações de PAG das amostras coletadas na fazenda 2 sofreram maior influência do \"efeito de arraste\" quando comparadas as amostras obtidas na fazenda 1. Os níveis de PAG não apresentaram variação quando analisadas até 9 dias após a coleta, armazenadas tanto na temperatura ambiente como na refrigerada. O pré-aquecimento das amostras no banho-maria e a submissão aos equipamentos laboratoriais para análise de qualidade também não afetaram os níveis de PAG e nem os resultados do teste de prenhez. / The use of milk samples to perform the early pregnancy diagnosis in cattle has become an important alternative for dairy farms, especially when the technical support is limited. Currently, many farms use milk samples to evaluate the health of the mammary glands and the nutritional status of dairy cows. Eventually, the use of the same sample to make the pregnancy test could facilitate the collection process and decrease costs of materials and transport of samples. However, there is not enough knowledge about how processing the samples, from collection to laboratorial analysis, can affect the results of the pregnancy test. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of strategies of collecting, storing, conserving and processing milk samples on the results of the pregnancy test. For that purpose, five experiments were carried out. In experiment 1, the effect of the period of the day when the samples were collected is evaluated, samples of 51 animals were used (two samples per animal, one from the morning milking and another from the afternoon milking). In experiment 2, it was evaluated the carryover in the milk meter of the milking equipment, milk samples of 94 animals belonging to two different farms were used. Two samples were obtained from each animal, one collected directly from the tit before milking and the other by the meter at the end of milking. In experiment 3, it was evaluated the impact of different conditions: storage time and temperature of milk samples, 40 samples were collected and divided into four ages (0, 3, 6 and 9 days between collection and analysis) and two storage temperatures (ambient and refrigerated). In experiment 4, which evaluated the effect of pre-heating the milk samples, the pregnancy test was performed on 14 samples that had been subjected to water bath. In experiment 5, it was evaluated the occurrence of the carryover in laboratory analysis equipment, samples from 11 animals were first submitted to the milk quality analysis and after to the pregnancy test. To check the impact of all these factors, the kappa was calculated using the software R. The results show that sampling the milk in the morning or afternoon did not affect the results of the pregnancy test. PAG concentrations of samples collected on farm 2 had a greater influence on carryover compared to samples from farm 1. PAG levels did not show variation when analyzed until 9 days after collection, storage in ambient temperature or refrigerated. Preheating the samples in water bath and test in laboratory equipment of quality analysis also did not affect PAG levels or the results of the pregnancy test.

The prevalence of antimicrobial residues in table eggs produced in Khartoum State, Sudan was estimated and determined. All available producing layer farms in the state were sampled in April, June and August 2008. For each layer house three egg samples were randomly collected to increase the sensitivity of antimicrobial residue screening test detectability. In total, 933 egg samples were analyzed, collected from 175 layer farms (335 layer houses) in three periods of collection. An in-house residue detection test using Geobacillus stearothermophillus var calidolactis was the analytical procedure used for the analysis. Data were analysed using Survey Toolbox to calculate the true prevalence and confidence intervals. The proportion of layer farms with antimicrobial residues in April, June and August was 61.1%, 60.2% and 68.7% respectively. The proportion of layer houses affected in April, June and August were 56.0%, 54.1% and 57.1% respectively. The results showed insignificant variation among the three periods of the surveillance (p = 0.57). A census covering all three localities of the state (Khartoum, Bahry and Omdurman) was carried out in late 2007 and early 2008. Data were recorded on areas where farms occur, number of houses per farm, total capacity of birds and farming systems. The census showed that there were 252 layer farms in the state distributed in 31 different areas with a total population of 2 221 800 birds. A structured questionnaire survey was carried out in April 2008 in the state, to assess and collect data on risk factors associated with the presence of antimicrobial residues in table eggs. The questionnaire investigated antibiotic usage patterns for each layer farm as well as the basic knowledge and understanding of farmers about public health concerns associated with antibiotic use in food producing animals. Questions were closed ended and data was obtained through direct interviews with farm owners and managers. Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out on the information captured; calculating frequencies, graphs and measures of association, using the EpiInfo™ statistical package. Ninety two farms were surveyed 98% of which comprised open-sided houses. It was found that 48.9% of the farms surveyed were on antibiotic treatment when the survey was conducted, while 58.7% of the farms had used antibiotics within the last three months. There was a significant association between having disease on the farm and using antibiotics (P<0.001). The study showed that there is a serious lack of knowledge about the dangers of using antibiotics in animals and their potential impact on human health. In addition, Sudan lacks any type of formal control of veterinary drugs in terms of legislated residue limits or monitoring and surveillance programmes. This leads the authors to the conclusion that all Sudanese consumers are at risk for ARs in eggs. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Production Animal Studies / unrestricted

A method to detect nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAHs) in the air has been developed using gas chromatography with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation source, coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (GC-APCI-MS/MS). An attempt to create a GC method using negative chemical ionisation (NCI) and a high-resolution mass spectrometer, Orbitrap, (GC-NCI-MS) was made as well without success. Nitro-PAHs are a group of widespread contaminants considered as possible mutagens and carcinogens. They are formed from incomplete combustion of organic matter as well as secondary reactions between PAHs and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the air. Three air samples (outdoor, in an air vent and indoor), both particulate and gaseous phase, collected in central Örebro during the spring were extracted and analysed for nitro-PAHs on GC-APCI-MS/MS and for PAHs on GC-MS in EI (electron ionisation) mode. Several studies have reported lower amounts of nitro-PAHs than PAHs in the air, which can be seen in this report as well. The levels of detected nitro-PAHs (1-nitronaphalene and 9-nitroanthracene) and PAHs (naphthalene, anthracene, fluoranthene and pyrene) in the different samples were 10.2-119 pg/m3 and 291-77700 pg/m3, respectively. Neither group of analytes were found in the particulate phase. The highest concentrations of both nitro-PAHs and PAHs were found indoors, suggesting that other sources than emissions from traffic are responsible.

The aim of the diploma thesis is to clarify the topic of calibration samples used in eddy current testing on equipment in nuclear energy. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis is focused on the eddy current testing method, which belongs to the technology of non-destructive defectoscopy. This part of the work describes the principle of the method, its scope, limitations and dividing of sensors used in this test method. The work briefly describes the physical principle of the laser, its types and operating modes. The practical part of the work is focused on the production of a calibration samples by laser. Another point of the work is the comparison of data obtained from eddy current measurements on samples made by laser and on calibration samples used in practice.