This study focused on a small gastropoda, Cerithium zonatum, found in seagrass meadow at Gui Wan Bi, Green Island, Taiwan. Because this species is high in density in the seagrass meadow and it uses its specific radular to scrap the substrate and emits a particular sound, we can use this acoustic clue to study its feeding activity. C.zonatum samples were collected from Gu Wan Bi, and Zi-Ping Green Island between November to December 2007,March to June 2008, and April to July 2009. It distributes in three habitats (i.e. seagrass¡Bmacro algae¡Brubble) and scrapping sounds were recorded while they were in these habitats. Light and water temperature were treated as experimented factors and their influence on the feeding frequency was deciphered. I also compared individuals of different sizes to find out the differences in feeding frequency between them. SEM was used to observe the radular of C. zonatum. According to the results, I infer that C. zonatum might prefer seagrass meadow as its must suitable microhabitat where feeding activity was higher. Sunlight and high water temperature might lead to increases in feeding activity, but darkness and low water temperature showed opposite effect; it stopped feeding when water temperature had dropped to 17¢J. Scrap frequency of small individuals was higher than larger ones, and their radular were similar in their morphology. I infer that small ones invest more time and energy in feeding in order to grow. Scrapping sound of C.zonatum was compared to Nerita albicilla; there were pulses in the sound of N.albicilla than C. zonatum. It is inferred that this difference might be due to the difference between their radular morphology. I consider that using an bioacoustic approach to study the feeding activity of small gastropoda is feasible.

The diploma thesis deals with reduction of scrapping at zero rework projects. These are the projects where corrections of particular parts are not allowed. If there are any in this way damaged parts, the entire products become scraps. Due to the fact the cost of low quality is increased, which is undesirable. The theoretical part describes the use of the six sigma method, which is then applied in the practical part. By using the IPO analysis the possible causes of the main problem have been chosen and then tested. The output of the diploma thesis is to find out and eliminate the causes of discrepancy, especially bridge walls at zero rework projects. After implementation of the first arrangements the scrapping has already been reduced.

The thesis focuses on the meanings and paradoxes of scrapping bonus in automobile industry. The automobile market includes very wide legislative which has a restrictive effect on production cars but the scrappage has inverse consequences. Scrappaing bonus as a state interventions and their impacts on the market price, the market equilibrium and the wealth of people is another aim of this dissertation. This is conected with the Kuznets Curve which descibes the relationship between the quality of the environment and the welth of the people. The main point of the thesis is the analysis of the positive and negative arguments for the implementation of the scrappage. The implementation is related with the calculation of the CO2 emissions of the new cars and the CO2 emissions of the old cars. The results of the calculation should be confirm or refute the posibility, that the scrapping bonus is improving to improve the environment. The thesis contains the facts about the average age fo the car fleet because the scrapagge is often joined with the turnover on road safety.

This thesis deals with influence of the economic cycle in the automotive industry in the Czech Republic in 2003 - 2014. It describes the basic economic theories of economic cycles. It analyzes the impact of the economy growth on the production of automobiles on overall production and also to individual automakers in the Czech Republic, particularly carmakers Škoda Auto, TPCA and Hyundai. It is compared with the situation of the Slovak Republic, Germany and the USA. It was also studied the impact of the economic cycle on the demand for new vehicles according to the number of first registrations of new cars. Also evaluated was the impact of "scrapping" on sales and production.

Online store customers generate vast amounts of product and service information through reviews, which are an important source of feedback. This thesis deals with the creation of a system for the analysis of product and shop reviews in the czech language. It describes the current methods of sentiment analysis and builds on current solutions. The resulting system implements automatic data download and their indexing, subsequently sentiment analysis together with text summary in the form of clustering of similar sentences based on vector representation of the text. A graphical user interface in the form of a web page is also included. A review data set with a total of more than six million reviews was created during the semester along with an interface for easy data export.

The theme of the thesis is scrapping scheme, which was in the Czech Republic during years 2009 and 2010 very discussed and that was despite government meetings stretching over a year finally unloaded. The work collect a large amount of information about scrapping schemes, a state contribution on the disposal of car wrecks, mainly about its implementation in several countries, the subsequent tract and analysis of resulting impacts. Based on experience from other countries with an already undertaken scrapping programs are identified potential impacts that could have a scrapping scheme in the case of implementation in the Czech Republic in the future. The work is also examining the effectiveness of Czech government finance earmarked for scrapping scheme. The main goal of the thesis is to answer the question whether the implementation of scrapping scheme in the Czech Republic would be an appropriate anti-crisis tool.

Submitted by Maria Bernadete Dos Santos (mariabpds@id.uff.br) on 2017-08-04T16:49:04Z No. of bitstreams: 3 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Paulo Eduardo.pdf: 5304970 bytes, checksum: 9cdda0c5b8e75153f19c87f086935c2c (MD5) Produto da dissertação- Paulo Eduardo.pdf: 1349185 bytes, checksum: f3db540103f0453deca60846f2e7ddd8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Treinamento Validação - RiUFF (treinamento.riuff@gmail.com) on 2017-08-14T18:47:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Paulo Eduardo.pdf: 5304970 bytes, checksum: 9cdda0c5b8e75153f19c87f086935c2c (MD5) Produto da dissertação- Paulo Eduardo.pdf: 1349185 bytes, checksum: f3db540103f0453deca60846f2e7ddd8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-14T18:47:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Paulo Eduardo.pdf: 5304970 bytes, checksum: 9cdda0c5b8e75153f19c87f086935c2c (MD5) Produto da dissertação- Paulo Eduardo.pdf: 1349185 bytes, checksum: f3db540103f0453deca60846f2e7ddd8 (MD5) / A presente pesquisa retrata uma avaliação das Escolas Públicas de Ensino Médio do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, no período entre o final do século XX e o início do século XXI, realizada por um grupo de professores muito experientes – todos com mais de vinte e cinco anos de regência efetiva e ininterrupta de classe – da rede pública de ensino. Essa avaliação aponta um quadro de sucateamento atual da Escola Pública fluminense, e destaca as grandes dificuldades existentes que prejudicam o seu desenvolvimento pedagógico. Utilizando estratégias estimuladoras que vem contribuindo para a melhoria do processo ensino/aprendizagem, quatro projetos são apresentados pela equipe de Química do Liceu Nilo Peçanha – Escola Pública de Ensino Médio, em Niterói, RJ: O Projeto de Alfabetização Científica para Alunos do Ensino Médio – PACAEM; o Projeto Semanas de Química do Liceu Nilo Peçanha – PROSEQUI (estes dois, em pleno desenvolvimento desde 2009); o Projeto FAPERJ/ LICEU/UFF, em desenvolvimento desde 2013 com previsão para conclusão em março de 2015 e, por último, o Projeto Urina, realizado em 2013 com as turmas regulares da terceira série do Ensino Médio. O Projeto Urina está apresentado como “PRODUTO FINAL DO CURSO” e também programado para ser aplicado nas novas turmas das terceiras séries, durante os próximos anos. Esses projetos estão detalhados no texto da dissertação. Os resultados dessas estratégias mostram-se muito positivos, e serão disponibilizados para todas as escolas da rede estadual pela Secretaria de Educação do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. / This research paper presents an evaluation of the Public High Schools in the State of Rio de Janeiro, between the end of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first century. It was accomplished by a group of very experienced high school teachers with more than twenty-five years of effective and uninterrupted class management. This evaluation shows not only a portrait of the actual scrapping of the Fluminense Public Schools, but it also emphasizes the great existing difficulties that impairs its pedagogical development. Four special projects are presented by the Chemistry Staff at Liceu Nilo Peçanha – a public high school, located in Niterói, RJ, by using stimulating strategies that are contributing to the improvement of the teaching/learning process, such as: The Scientific Literacy Project aimed at High School Students (PACAEM); The Chemistry Weeks Project at Liceu Nilo Peçanha (PROSEQUI), both of which have been developed since 2009; FAPERJ/LICEU/UFF Project – has been developed since 2013 and is supposed to be concluded in March 2015. The last one, the Urine Project, was implemented in 2013 with regular-third-year senior high classes. It is presented as “The Final Course Product” and is expected to be applied to the third-year classes of the coming years. All these projects are detailed in the paper. These strategies results proved to be very positive and will be available to all the state net schools in the Education Office of the State of Rio de Janeiro.

Målet med detta projekt var att minska skrotning av provartiklar på Scania genom att ta fram ett förslag på flöde för vidare distribuering. Även att ta fram villkor för vilka artiklar som är aktuella för vidareförsäljning, kvantifiera mängden artiklar som kan säljas vidare och utvärdera ekonomin. Detta med hänsyn till att endast undersöka avdelningen RT (Truck Chassis Development) på Scania. Projektet startade på initiativ av Scania CV AB då de såg potential för vidareförsäljning i artiklar som i dagsläget skrotades efter en provmontering. Projektet utfördes i fyra olika steg under 10 veckor och arbetet planerades med hjälp av ett GANT‐schema. I nulägesbeskrivningen utfördes ett antal möten och besök på olika inblandade avdelningar på Scania. På så sätt skaffades en överblicksbild över hur problemet såg ut, hur processen runt om kring var uppbyggt och hur information för att lösa problemet skulle tas fram. En undersökning av hur flödet ser ut innan skrotning utfördes och presenteras i form av tre faser kallade beställnings‐, provnings‐ och skrotningsfasen. Genomförande, resultat och analys består av rubriker hämtade från planeringsstadiet i PDCA‐hjulet. Dessa är identifiering av problemet, analys av problemet och presentation av ett lösningsförslag. Även en utvärdering av ekonomin presenteras där ekonomiska beräkningar på det möjliga försäljningsvärdet från ASB (begagnat försäljning) som skrotades under 2017, antagna implementeringskostnader och förväntade intäkter vid försäljning hos ASB utfördes. Dessa utifrån egna antaganden och CW2:s (reservdelslager) försäljningsstatistik år 2017. Resultatet presenteras i form av lösningsförslaget som är ett visuellt flöde mellan MPAP (Prototype Assembly) i By 220 och ASB i Hovsjö. Villkor för vilka artiklar som är aktuella för vidareförsäljning har tagits fram i form av komplettering av Scanias befintliga skortoningsbedömning. Kvantifieringen av mängden serieartiklar blev 1 113 stycken och utgjordes av 310 stycken unika serienummer. Utifrån utvärderingen av ekonomin blev resultatet att flödet skulle kunna ge en besparing på ca 1 Mkr under år 2017. En slutsats av projektet är att en implementering av lösningsförslaget skulle bidra till besparingar och även minska på skrotningen av provartiklar. / The aim of this project was to reduce scrapping of test items at Scania by proposing a flow for further distribution. Also, present terms for which items are relevant for further distribution, quantification of the amount of items that may be sold and evaluate the economy. This with consideration of only evaluate the RT (Truck Chassis Development) department at Scania. This project started on the initiative of Scania CV AB because they saw potential for a further distribution of items which currently are scrapped after a test assembly. The project was carried out in four different steps during 10 weeks and the work was planned with a GANT‐schedule. In the description of the current situation a number of interviews was conducted on different departments at Scania. Through the interviews an understanding of the problem, how the process looks like and how information to solve the problem was gathered. An evaluation of how the flow before scrapping was carried out and is presented by three phases called ordering, testing and scrapping phase. The implementation, result and analysis chapter contains headlines gathered from the planning phase in the PDCA‐wheel. These headlines are identification of the problem, analysing the problem and a presentation of a solution. An evaluation of the economy is also presented showing the possible financial calculations of the total scrapped sales value in 2017 from ASB (second‐hand market), assumed implementation costs and the expected income from sales at ASB. This based on own assumptions and CW2’s (spare parts storage) sales statistics in 2017. The results are presented by the suggested solution which is presented as a visual flow between MPAP (Prototype Assembly) in By 220 and ASB in Hovsjö. The terms of which items are relevant for further distribution has been established by adding terms to the scrapping evaluation at Scania. The quantification of the amount of items was 1 113 pieces and the detected amount of different serial numbers was 310. Based on the evaluation of the economy the result was calculated to a saved amount of about 1 MSEK in year 2017. The conclusion of the project is that an implementation of the suggested solution would contribute savings and reduce the scrapping of test items.

This thesis covers primarily the detection of operating emission of an old Škoda Felicia car and the emission produced during the manufacturing of a new Toyota Prius, as the selected representative of an ecological car. The thesis also touches on hybrid technology in itself, the question of the greenness of hybrid cars, sphere of emission, but also related problems so called "scrapping" and its influence on environment and also current situation in automobile industry. The target of this study is calculation of operation time of an old Škoda Felicia during which the CO2 emission will reach the same amount of emission produced during manufacturing of a Toyota Prius. The objective is to point out incompetent and therefore not always serious comparison of cars greenness when only the operating CO2 is being compared. Other energy consumption and therefore also the greenhouse gases production is related with the car manufacturing, raw material extraction, petroleum processing and other economic sectors affected by production. Emission laboratory measurement executed by TÜV SÜD Czech discovered that the old Škoda produces 260m/km CO2 during its real running time. For the emission calculation was used an American model EIO-LCA created by Green Design Institute at Carnegie Mellon University that records ecological influence of car production, in stated amount, on all economy sectors. The outputs are quoted in CO2 equivalent. According to this model during manufacturing of 1 hybrid car 13.5 t of CO2e (equivalent CO2). is produced. Recalculation found out that the old Škoda Felicia could run for more than 5 years in order to produce as much emission as the manufacturing of new Toyota Prius third generation.

Statistical analysis is based on an elementary paradigm and the relationship between probabilistic inductive inference, generation and validation of models, and the use of such information in decisions within a specific domain of knowledge. Additionally, techniques can be used to design specific experiments, such as the multi-environmental trials MET, to study the interaction between genotypes and environments. The fitting of probability distributions to data from phenomena allows the knowledge of the behavior of random variables and the later usage of such models in computational simulation. This procedure was carried out in the adjustment of models for maize grains weight, obtained via multi environmental trials. Several methods of adjustment of distribution and mixtures of normal distributions by the EM algorithm were used. The data were obtained through the use of scrapping with software R. Adjusted models were used to simulate, through computational methods implemented in language R, data with behavior known in parametric terms, generating a table that simulates the interaction between genotype and environment factors. Such simulated data were used to verify and compare models based on multivariate analysis, namely AMMI, weighted AMMI and GGE for the study of genotype environment interaction GxE. The results demonstrated the great effectiveness of the models in capturing the properties of the simulated data, contextualizing them as informational tools in the development of new products. / A estatística fundamenta-se em um paradigma elementar, baseado na relação entre a inferência indutiva probabilística, geração e validação de modelos e o uso de tais informações como subsídio em decisões em um domínio específico de conhecimento. Aliado a isso, técnicas podem ser utilizadas para delinear tipos específicos de experimentos, como os ensaios multi ambientais MET para estudos de interação entre genótipos e ambientes. O ajuste de distribuição de probabilidades a dados provenientes de fenômenos permite o conhecimento do comportamento de variáveis aleatórias e posterior uso de tais modelos em simulação computacional. Tal procedimento foi realizado no ajuste de modelos para peso de grãos de genótipos de milho em ensaios multi ambientais, através de diversos métodos de ajuste de distribuição e mixturas de distribuições normais pelo algoritmo EM. Os dados foram obtidos através do uso de scrapping via software R. Por sua vez, os modelos ajustados foram utilizados para simular, através de métodos computacionais implementados em linguagem R, dados com comportamento conhecido em termos paramétricos, através de uma tabela que simula a interação entre os fatores genótipo e ambiente. Tais dados simulados foram utilizados para verificar, e comparar os modelos baseados em análise multivariada de dados, a saber AMMI, AMMI ponderado e GGE, para o estudo da interação genótipo ambiente (GxE). Os resultados demonstraram a grande efetividade dos modelos em captar as propriedades dos dados simulados, contextualizando-os como ferramentas informacionais no desenvolvimento de novos produtos.