No description available.

The Little Grand Wash normal fault near Green River, eastern Utah, hosts a series of naturally occurring CO₂ seeps in the form of active and extinct CO₂-charged springs distributed along the fault zone. I have studied the association of fault structure with CO₂-related alteration as an analogue for the long-term (1,000- to 10,000-year) effects of leakage through faults in CO₂ sequestration reservoirs. Structure and alteration in a portion of the Little Grand Wash fault zone were mapped at a 1:700 scale in order to determine the association of faulting with CO₂-related diagenesis. I combined structural and diagenetic mapping were combined with laboratory analyses of mineralogical, isotopic and textural changes in order to assess controls on the migration of CO₂ traveling up the fault and its effects on the fault itself. The fault zone is 200 m wide at its widest and contains 4-5 major subparallel fault segments that form multiple soft- and hard-linked relay ramps. The area includes a travertine deposit and related sandstone alteration: outcrop-visible coloration, porosity-occluding calcite cement and veins occasionally so abundant that they obliterate the rock fabric. Structural mapping shows that the travertine is located at an intersection of major fault segments constituting the hard link of a 450-meter-long relay ramp. Sandstone alteration is confirmed to be related to the CO₂ seep by mapping its distribution, which shows a decrease in concentration away from the travertine, and by the unique isotopic signature of calcite cement near the travertine. At distances greater than 25 m from the travertine intense alteration disappears, though scattered fault-subparallel veins and patchy, burial-related calcite cement remain. Intense alteration is limited to major fault overlaps and does not permeate the fault zone along its entire length, nor does it extend outside the zone. This indicates that rising CO₂-laden fluids do not flow uniformly through the entire fault zone, but that vertical flow is channeled at fault intersections. In thin section, porosity near the travertine has been extensively or completely occluded by calcite cement. Permeability in some conduit samples is less than 1 mD, three or four orders of magnitude lower than sandstone away from the travertine. In active CO₂ conduits, such reduction in porosity and permeability would occlude the preferred flow conduit and ultimately restrict upward flow of CO₂-charged water. X-ray diffraction detects small amounts of goethite and hematite and a decrease in chlorite-smectite in altered conduit sandstones. Calcite is abundant, but many authigenic minerals predicted by geochemical models of CO₂ influx into sandstone reservoirs are not observed, including kaolinite, aragonite, dolomite, siderite, ankerite or dawsonite. This difference between observed and predicted mineral occurrence likely results from differences in mineral kinetics between natural and laboratory systems. Prediction of leakage risk based on fault geometry improves the ability to assess the suitability of potential carbon sequestration reservoirs, many of which will be faulted. The point seep nature of leakage through a fault zone limits the amount of CO₂ that can escape over time and also enables targeted surface monitoring for CO₂ escape into the atmosphere--both critical for ensuring the effectiveness of injection projects and earning the trust necessary for carbon sequestration to gain public acceptance. The point seep nature of leakage also accelerates the rate at which conduits may seal through mineralization, since precipitation from a large volume of fluid is focused in a narrow conduit. The presence of multiple fossil and active seep locations along the Little Grand Wash fault, active at different times in the geologic past, indicates that cementation may be effective in sealing single conduits but that fault systems with complex geometry such as Little Grand Wash may continue to leak for a long period of time. / text

L'objectif de cette thèse est d'établir les liens entre élaboration, microstructure et comportement des getters non-évaporables (NEG) en couches minces, en vue de leur utilisation dans le cadre du packaging collectif des MEMS sous vide ou sous atmosphère contrôlée. Après une étude bibliographique sur l'herméticité des MEMS et l'effet getter, la modification du comportement de piégeage de gaz par les NEG couches minces, engendré par l'ajout de sous-couches métalliques, est mise en évidence. Afin d'expliquer cette influence, la microstructure des couches minces est étudiée, notamment sa dépendance aux paramètres d'élaboration et aux traitements thermiques. Ensuite, le comportement macroscopique de piégeage de l'azote est caractérisé, de même que les mécanismes microscopiques d'activation et de pompage. Ces derniers permettent finalement d'élaborer quelques recommandations pour l'intégration des NEG couches minces dans les MEMS. / Whilst satisfying low-cost requirements, performances and lifetime of many MEMS can be enhanced by performing wafer-level packaging of devices under vacuum or controlled atmosphere conditions. However, this implies the use of non-evaporable getters (NEG) inside MEMS cavities for residual gases removal. Relationships between elaboration, microstructure and pumping behavior of NEG thin films are investigated in this thesis. After a literature review on MEMS hermetic sealing and getter effect, NEG thin films pumping behavior modification by metallic sub-layers addition is presented. Then, in order to explain this modification, elaboration parameters and thermal treatments influence on thin films microstructure is analyzed. Lastly, nitrogen gettering behavior of NEG is characterized, as well as activation and pumping mechanisms. From these results, some recommendations for NEG thin films integration in MEMS are finally proposed.

abstract: “Smart” materials are used for a broad range of application including electronics, bio-medical devices, and smart clothing. This work focuses on development of smart self-sealing and breathable protective gear for soldiers against Chemical Weapon Agents (CWA). Specifically, the response of chemo-mechanical swelling polymer modified meshes to contact with stimuli droplets was studied. Theoretical discussion of the mechanism of smart materials is followed by development and experimental analysis of different modified mesh designs. A multi-physics model is proposed based on experimental data and the prototype of the fabric is tested in aerosol impingement conditions to confirm the barrier formed by rapid-self-sealing feature of the design. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Mechanical Engineering 2016

The present study assessed and compared the influence of the root canal treatment with and without passive ultrasonic irrigation with 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and 10% citric acid on the sealing of pre-molars root canal fillings. A hundred and fifteen single-rooted, human mandibular pre-molars, with oval canal, were selected. The teeth were prepared with rotatory instrumentation and irrigated according to the following protocols (n=23): G1, 17% EDTA + US; G2, 17% EDTA; G3, 10% citric acid + US; G4, 10% citric acid and a control group, 2,5%.sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). The specimens were filled according to the no compaction technique and then inserted to a device for measuring the glucose leakage. Leakage was assessed through a Glucose Kit in a spectrophotometer at 7 and 30 days. Kruskal-Wallis test results showed less leakage on passive ultrasonic irrigation groups, with both test solutions (p<0,05). Mann-Whitney analysis showed that teeth treated with 17% EDTA showed less leakage levels then the ones treated with 10% citric acid (p<0,05). Passive ultrasonic irrigation with chelating solutions, specially EDTA, results in a better sealing of root canal filling Key-words: passive ultrasonic irrigation; sealing; root canal filling; citric acid. / O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar comparativamente a influência do tratamento do canal radicular com e sem irrigação ultrassônica passiva com ácido etilenodiaminotetracético 17% (EDTA) e ácido cítrico 10% sobre o selamento da obturação de canais radiculares de pré-molares. Foram utilizados cento e quinze pré-molares inferiores humanos de canal único e oval. Os elementos foram preparados com instrumentação rotatória e irrigados segundo os seguintes protocolos (n=23): G1, EDTA 17% + US; G2, EDTA 17%; G3, ácido cítrico 10% + US; G4, ácido cítrico 10% e um grupo controle, hipoclorito de sódio (NaOCl) 2,5%. Todos os elementos foram obturados segundo a técnica da não compactação e em seguida inseridos em um dispositivo de infiltração de glicose. As medidas de infiltração foram analisadas através de um Kit Glicose em espectrofotômetro nos intervalos de tempo de 7 e 30 dias. Os resultados do teste de Kruskall-Wallis mostraram haver menor infiltração nos grupos nos quais foi utilizada a irrigação ultrassônica, com ambas as soluções teste (p<0,05). Segundo a análise de Mann-Whitney, o tratamento com EDTA 17% proporcionou menores níveis de infiltração comparado ao ácido cítrico 10% (p<0,05). A ativação ultrassônica de soluções quelantes durante o preparo, especialmente com o EDTA, melhora o selamento da obturação do canal radicular.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, in vitro, a capacidade seladora de três materiais obturadores endodônticos, com a proposição de uma nova forma de quantificação da infiltração e um novo agente traçador, utilizando um sistema semelhante ao do modelo experimental da glicose. Trinta e seis dentes unirradiculares extraídos tiveram as coroas removidas, permanecendo 12 mm das raízes. Os canais radiculares foram instrumentados e obturados com o sistema Epiphany (GE) ou com a condensação lateral da guta-percha e cimentos AH Plus (GA) ou Sealapex (GS). Com o auxílio de um calcador aquecido removeu-se 7 mm de material obturador. Seis espécimes com os canais completamente obturados tiveram as raízes totalmente impermeabilizadas com duas camadas de esmalte de unhas, constituindo o grupo controle negativo. Os espécimes foram separados em dois grupos para a realização de dois experimentos que diferiram quanto ao modo de adaptação do espécime no sistema (cianoacrilato ou resina epóxi). Uma solução de cafeína (pH 6.0) foi forçada no sentido coronário com uma pressão hidrostática de 2.55 kPa em direção apical. A infiltração foi medida em ng/mL, pela concentração de cafeína na solução receptora do reservatório, em intervalos de 10, 30 e 60 dias. Para a quantificação foi utilizada a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência acoplada à espectrometria de massas (CLAE-EM/EM). Esta técnica apresentou alta sensibilidade e especificidade na quantificação do agente traçador. Em função da limitação dos agentes de vedação (cianoacrilato e resina epóxi) empregados no modelo experimental, não foi emitida conclusões a respeito da capacidade seladora dos materiais obturadores testados. / The objective of this study was to propose a new way to measure infiltration with a new tracing agent by using a system similar to that of the glucose penetration model. Thirty-six single-root extracted teeth had their root canals filled using the Epiphany system or with a lateral condensation of gutta-percha and AH Plus or Sealapex cement. Two experiments were carried out that used a different mode of adapting the specimen within the system (cyanoacrylate or epoxy resin). A caffeine solution (pH 6.0) was forced in a coronary direction with a hydrostatic pressure of 2.55 kPa towards the tooth apex. The infiltration was measured in ng/mL, by the concentration of caffeine in the receptor solution of the apical reserve at intervals of 10, 30, and 60 days. To quantify the measurements, a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used. This technique showed a high sensitivity and specificity for quantifying the tracing agent. Due to the limitations of the sealing agents (cyanoacrylate and epoxy resin) used in our experimental model, analysis of the sealing ability of the filling materials tested was not performed. It is necessary to carefully validate the principal variables of the systems that assess infiltration in order to standardize studies and give greater credibility to their results.

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2017-02-06T14:04:54Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Elienai Candida e Silva - 2016.pdf: 5043887 bytes, checksum: 650b5f18a57f95fc1e41bebce7da7e99 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-02-08T10:26:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Elienai Candida e Silva - 2016.pdf: 5043887 bytes, checksum: 650b5f18a57f95fc1e41bebce7da7e99 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-08T10:26:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Elienai Candida e Silva - 2016.pdf: 5043887 bytes, checksum: 650b5f18a57f95fc1e41bebce7da7e99 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In vitro-grown plants have functional characteristics that difficult their survival when transferred directly from in vitro conditions to the natural environment, thus needing of acclimatization. Structural and phyisiological characteristic of the plants grown in vitro and ex vitro are important for technical adjustments and contribute to further information about the phenotypic plasticity of the plants exposed to different environmental conditions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the morphology, anatomy and ultrastructure of Aechmea bromeliifolia (Rudge) Baker grown in vitro under different sealing lids of test tubes, and acclimatized. A. bromeliifolia is on ornamental species and therefore, the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory of Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) has accomplished studies aiming to propagation in vitro. Plants cultured in vitro in test tubes with three sealing lids were analyzed: polypropylene rigid closure (PC), polyvinyl chloride film (PVC) and PC covered with a microporous membrane (PM). For comparison, plants germinated from seeds in a screen house were also analyzed. The acclimatized plants were maintained in a greenhouse under controlled conditions and were evaluated after 11 months. The in situ-grown plants were used for comparison. Among the in vitro-grown plants, those grown in tubes sealed with PM are more similar to those grown in screen house, mainly on opening of the stomata and chloroplasts ultrastructural. In the leaves of acclimatized plants some morphological and anatomical characteristics are different from those that occur in the leaves of in situ-grown plants: fibers associated to the vascular bundles have less wall thickness and the hypodermic fibers are organized into least number of layers in addition, they also less wall thickness. Moreover, the stomata occurs less depth in the epidermis in the leaves developed in the greenhouse. However, considering that most morphological, anatomical and ultrastructural characteristics of the leaves of the acclimatized plants are similar to those that occur in the leaves of in situ-grown plants, is possible concluded that the acclimatization process and the greenhouse environmental did not restrict its development, result that favoring the establishment of these plants in natural environmental. / Plantas desenvolvidas in vitro possuem características que dificultam sua sobrevivência quando transferidas diretamente da condição in vitro para o ambiente natural, evidenciando a necessidade de aclimatização. A caracterização estrutural e fiosiológica de plantas desenvolvidas in vitro e ex vitro são importantes para o aprimoramento das técnicas e, contribuem com informações sobre a plasticidade fenotípica de plantas submetidas a diferentes condições ambientais. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os aspectos morfológicos, anatômicos e ultraestruturais de Aechmea bromeliifolia (Rudge) Baker cultivada in vitro, sob diferentes tipos de vedação dos tubos de ensaio, e aclimatizada. A. bromeliifolia é de interesse ornamental e, por isso, o Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos Vegetais da Universidade Federal de Goiás tem realizado trabalhos visando sua propagação in vitro. Foram analisadas plantas cultivadas in vitro em tubos de ensaio sob três tipos de vedação: tampa rígida de polipropileno (TP), filme de policloreto de vinila (FPVC) e tampa rígida de polipropileno coberta com membrana microporosa (TM). Para efeito de comparação, plantas de sementes germinadas em telado também foram avaliadas. As plantas aclimatizadas foram mantidas em casa de vegetação em condições controladas e foram avaliadas após 11 meses. Plantas coletadas in situ foram utilizadas para efeito de comparação. Entre as plantas desenvolvidas in vitro, as desenvolvidas em tubos vedados com TM se assemelharam mais àquelas cultivadas em telado, principalmente quanto à abertura dos estômatos e a ultraestrutura dos cloroplastos. Nas folhas das plantas aclimatizadas algumas características morfológicas e anatômicas são diferentes das que ocorrem nas plantas desenvolvidas in situ: as fibras associadas aos feixes possuem paredes menos espessas e as fibras hipodérmicas, se organizam em menor número de camadas, além de terem também paredes menos espessas. Além disso, os estômatos ocorrem menos aprofundados na epiderme nas folhas desenvolvidas na casa de vegetação. Considerando, contudo, que a maioria das características morfológicas, anatômicas e ultraestruturais das folhas das plantas aclimatizadas são semelhantes àquelas que ocorrem nas folhas das plantas desenvolvidas in situ, é possível concluir que o processo de aclimatização e o ambiente de casa de vegetação não restringiram seu desenvolvimento, resultado que favorece o estabelecimento destas plantas em condições de ambiente natural.

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a influência da irradiação com lasers de alta intensidade antes da obturação de canais radiculares com cimentos endodônticos resinosos no selamento lateral. Dentes permanentes humanos (n=36) foram endodonticamente tratados e, então, divididos aleatoriamente em nove grupos experimentais (n=4), de acordo com o tratamento dentinário subsequente. Os grupos foram: G1(N-Rickert/sem laser) ; G2(Epiphany SE®/sem laser); G3(EndoREZ®/sem laser); G4(N-Rickert/laser Nd:YAG); G5(Epiphany SE®/laser Nd:YAG); G6 (EndoREZ®/ laser Nd:YAG); G7(N-Rickert/laser Er:YAG); G8(Epiphany SE®/laser Er:YAG)e G9 (EndoREZ®/ laser Er:YAG).Os parâmetros utilizados para o lasers foram: laser de Nd:YAG (1,5 W, 100 mJ, 15 Hz) e laser de Er:YAG (1 W, 100 mJ, 10 Hz). Todos os dentes foram obturados pelo mesmo operador, utilizando a técnica do cone único para os elementos obturados com os cimentos resinosos e cones múltiplos quando utilizado o cimento de N-Richert. Os cimentos estudados foram preparados conforme as instruções dos fabricantes. Após decorrido o tempo de espera de pressa total de todos os cimentos obturadores os espécimes tiveram sua superfície radicular impermeabilizada com Araldite, em toda a sua extensão. Tubos de microcentrífuga de 1,5 mililitros foram cortados em uma das extremidades e o dente foi inserido até que o ápice ficasse localizado externamente. O espaço existente entre a superfície radicular e o tubo de microcentrífuga foi selado com Araldite, esse selamento proporcionou o vedamento da porção inferior do tubo. Após isto os conjuntos foram submetidos processo de esterilização por óxido de etileno a uma temperatura de 56ºC por quatro horas. Os tubos foram imersos em vidros tipo penicilina que continham 5ml de BHI previamente estéreis. Colônias de Enterococcus faecalis foram semeadas dentro dos tubos, para observar ou não a percolação marginal dos cimentos estudados através da turvação do meio de cultura, por um período de 45 dias. Observou que os dentes dos G1, G3 e G8 0% de contaminação, G4, G5 e G6 50% de espécimes contaminadas, G2 e G9 75% de elementos contaminados e G7 100% dos espécimes contaminados após o período de avaliação. / The aim of this in vitro study was to analyze two high power lasers irradiation effects before the root canal filling procedure with resin endodontic cements on the lateral sealing. Thirty-six permanent human molars were endodontically treated and randomly assigned in nine experimental groups (n=4) according with the subsequent dentin treatment. The groups were as follows: G1 (N-Rickert); G2 (Epiphany SE®); G3 (Endo REZ®); G4 (N-Rickert / Nd:YAG laser irradiation); G5 (Epiphany SE® / Nd:YAG laser irradiation); G6 (EndoREZ® / Nd:YAG laser irradiation); G7 (N-Rickert / Er:YAG laser irradiation); G8 (Epiphany SE® / Er:YAG laser irradiation) and G9 (EndoREZ® / Er:YAG laser irradiation). The laser parameters used were: Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm) at 1.5W, 100 mJ, 15 Hz; and Er:YAG laser (2940 nm) at 1.0 W, 100 mJ, 10Hz. All the teeth were filled by the same operator using the single cone technique for the elements filled with resin cements and multiple cones when the NRickert cement was used. The analyzed cements were prepared following the manufacturers recommendations. After the waiting and total setting time of all the root canal filling materials all the samples were coated along their root surfaces with Araldite®. Micro centrifuge tubes of 1.5 ml were cut in one of the edges and the samples were introduced until their apexes were externally located. The space between the root surface and the micro centrifuge tubes was sealed with Araldite® in order to seal the inferior tube portion. Following this, all samples were sterilized by ethylene oxide at a temperature of 56oC for four hours. The tubes were immersed in penicillin glasses with 5 ml of BHI previously sterilized. Enterococcus faecalis colonies were sought inside the tubes in order to observe a possible marginal percolation of the studied cements through a culture media turbidity process for a period of 45 days. It was possible to observe after the evaluation period an absence of contamination (0%) on samples from G1, G3 and G8; 50% of contamination on samples from G5 and G6; 75% of contamination on samples from G2 and G9 and 100% of contamination on samples from G7.

Dans une centrale nucléaire de la filière des réacteurs à eau sous pression,le transfert d’énergie de la fission des atomes d’uranium 235 vers l’alternateur produisant alors l’énergie électrique se fait par l’intermédiaire de différents circuits d’eau. Le contexte de cette thèse est celui du circuit primaire qui voit circuler une eau liquide aux conditions de température et de pression les plus sévères de la centrale (155 bar,300 °C). Plus précisément, l’intérêt est porté sur les appareils de robinetterie qui permettent de réguler ou de sectionner les débits dans ce circuit d’eau ainsi que les différents circuits auxiliaires qui lui sont associés. La fonction de sectionnement de débit est assurée par un contact métallique. Une modélisation est mise en place durant cette thèse afin de relier la fuite d’étanchéité au travers de la liaison métallique à un éventuel défaut pouvant être présent sur la portée d’étanchéité du siège. Pour ce faire, une démarche associant simulation et expérience est adoptée. Le modèle numérique permet de simuler le contact siège/opercule puis l’écoulement au travers de la géométrie interstitielle en résolvant respectivement les équations de la mécanique des milieux solides avec code_aster puis les équations de Reynolds avec un schéma numérique original basé sur la méthode des éléments de frontière. La démarche expérimentale permet alors de vérifier la qualité de la simulation entreprise. Elle comporte la fabrication d’éprouvettes d’étanchéité avec des défauts contrôlés puis une mesure de la fuite par différents moyens d’essais. Les résultats obtenus, qui sont discutés,montrent une prédiction correcte lorsque l’effort d’appui reste suffisamment faible et une surestimation de la fuite à plus fort serrage. / In a nuclear power plant from pressurized water reactor technology, the transfer of energy from fission of uranium 235 atom to the alternator producing electricity is performed through different water circuits. The context of this work is the primary circuit of the power plant where there is severe conditions of temperature and pressure (155 bar, 300°C). More precisely, this work is about the industrial valves which allow to regulate or interrupt the water flow in the water circuit or the auxiliary associated circuits. The interruption function is ensured by a metal-to-metal contact.In this work a model is derived and solved in order to relate the sealing leak-rate through the metal contact to a possible defect present on the surface. To accomplish this task, a coupled experimental and numerical approach is adopted. The numerical model allows to compute the contact between the plug and the seat and then the water flow through the remaining aperture field. This is performed by solving the equations of solid continuum mechanics with code_aster and the Reynolds equations with an original scheme based on the boundary element method. The experimental work allows to check the relevance of the model. It consists in the manufacture ofa sample seat holding a controlled defect and then a leak-rate measurement carried out with two different apparatus. Predictions of the leak-rate reveal to be in good agreement with that obtained experimentally at low clamping forces and overestimate the leakage for larger ones.

Foram realizados dois experimentos visando avaliar diferentes estratégias de vedação para silos do tipo trincheira. No experimento I, objetivou-se avaliar as características fermentativas, composição química e perdas de matéria seca e de matéria orgânica em silagens de milho vedadas com diferentes tipos de filmes plásticos e com ou sem a adição de camada de bagaço de cana. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: ETNC: filme dupla face de polietileno com 200 ?m de espessura; ETC: filme dupla face de polietileno com 200 ?m de espessura recoberto com camada de 10 cm de bagaço de cana e ET+ADNC: filme co-extrusado dupla face de poliamida e polietileno, com 120 ?m de espessura. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e suas médias foram comparadas pelo teste Tukey, a 5% de signigicância. A quantidade de silagem deteriorada foi menor para o tratamento ETC, enquanto que os demais tratamentos foram semelhantes entre si. Não foi observada diferença significativa entre os tratamentos para a composição bromatológica, entretanto, observou-se diferença para entre os diferentes pontos amostrados (TL: topo lateral, TC: topo central e C: centro) para as variáveis MS, FDA, amido, hemicelulose e DVIVMO, sendo que os piores resultados foram encontrados nas regiões periféricas (TL e TC) dos silo. Os tratamentos não influenciaram na contagem de microrganismo (BAL: bactérias ácido láticas, FF: fungos filamentosos e LEV: leveduras), porém, com relação ao local de coleta houve diferença para BAL e FF. Como esperado, a população de FF foi maior na periferia dos silos, enquanto que a de BAL foi maior no centro. A contagem de leveduras não sofreu influência do tratamento e local de amostragem. No experimento II, objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho animal em função da estratégia de vedação de silagens de milho. Foram utilizadas 15 vacas distribuídas aleatoriamente em cinco quadrados latinos 3x3, com períodos de 21 dias. Os animais foram mantidos em sistema de confinamento Tie-Stall com baias individuais e alimentadas duas vezes ao dia. Os tratamentos foram definidos de acordo com o método de vedação: ETNC, ETC e ET+ADNC. As dietas foram formuladas para serem isoproteicas, com 53% de silagem de milho (% MS). As porções deterioradas das silagens foram descartadas diariamente, as rações foram preparadas utilizando apenas silagem não deteriorada. O consumo de matéria seca, a produção e composição do leite foram determinados entre os dias 15 e 21 de cada período experimental. Os dados foram analisados utilizando o Proc Mixed, do software estatístico SAS. Os tratamentos ET+ADNC e ETC apresentaram maior eficiência energética enquanto que os tratamentos ET+ADNC e ETNC tiveram tendência de maior produção de leite corrigido para 3,5% de gordura e excreção de energia no leite; da mesma forma, a excreção de proteína no leite também foi aumentada. O tratamento ETC não promoveu melhoras no valor nutritivo das silagens, enquanto que os tratamentos ET+ADNC e ETNC apresentaram tendência em maximizar o desempenho das vacas. / Two experiments were conducted to evaluate different strategies to cover silos. The experiment I evaluate the chemical fermentation profile, chemical composition and losses of dry matter and organic matter in corn silage covered with different types of plastic film and with or without the added layer of sugarcane bagasse. The treatments were: ETNC: 200?m black-on-white polyethylene film; ETC: black-on-white polyethylene film plus sugarcane bagasse over the film and ET+ADNC: 125?m polyamide/polyethylene coextruded film. The experimental design was randomized blocks. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and their means were compared by Tukey test at 5% significance. The amount of spoiled silage was lower for treatment ETC, while the other treatments were similar. There was no significant difference between treatments for the chemical composition, although differences were observed between different sampling sites (TL: side wall, TC: top center and C: bottom) for the variables DM, ADF, starch, hemicellulose and IVOMD, while the worst results were found in the peripheral regions (TL and TC) of the silo. Treatments did not affect the count of microorganisms (BAL: lactic acid bacteria, FF: filamentous fungi: LEV: yeasts), however the FF acount was greater in the TL and TC, while BAL was higher in the C. The yeast count was not influenced by treatment or sampling site. In the experiment II was evaluated performance of dairy cows fed corn silage covered with different sealing strategies. Fifteen lactating cows were randomly assigned to 5 replicated 3×3 Latin square design with 21-d periods. Animals were housed in sand-bedded tie-stall barn and individually fed ad libitum to achieve approximately 10% refusals twice daily. Treatments were defined according to the method of sealing: ETNC, ETC and ET+ADNC. Diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous with 53% corn silage (DM%) to meet the nutrient requirements of a dairy cow producing 35 kg×d-1 of milk. The deteriorated inedible silage was discarded every day and only edible silage was used to prepare the total mixed rations. Dry matter intake (DMI) and milk yield were recorded from d-15 to d-21 in each period, as well milk composition. Data were analyzed using the Mixed procedure of SAS. Treatments ET+ADNC and ETC showed higher energy efficiency while treatments ET+ADNC and ETNC tended to higher milk yield and energy excretion in milk, as well the excretion of protein in the milk was also increased. Contrary to expected, the ETC treatment did not improve the nutritive value of silages. In conclusion, treatments ET+ADNC and ETNC tended to maximize the performance of dairy cows.