Magistro darbe įvertintos Varėnos rajone Na augavietėje augančių pušynų atsikūrimo galimybės praėjus 2-7 metams po atvejinių kirtimų pirmo atvejo. Darbo objektas – atvejiniais kirtimais išretinti 0,6-0,7 skalsumo pušynai Varėnos miškų urėdijos Zervynų, Ūlos, Marcinkonių ir Musteikos girininkijose. Į apskaitą pateko 7 sklypai, kurių plotas svyravo nuo 0,8 iki 22,7 hektarų. Pušies medynų amžius buvo 100-130 metų, bonitetas II-IV. Darbo tikslas – įvertinti pušynų žėlimo galimybes Varėnos miškų urėdijos pušies medynuose, kirstuose supaprastintais dviejų atvejų atvejiniais kirtimais. Darbo metodai. Matavimai buvo atliekami sistemiškai išdėstytose kvadratinėse 2x2 m apskaitos aikštelėse. Iš viso 7-iuose išretintuose pušies medynuose buvo išskirta 220 apskaitos aikštelių. Kiekvienoje tyrimo aikštelėje buvo nustatomas perspektyvių ir neperspektyvių 2-7 metų savaiminukų skaičius, miško paklotės storis, žolinės dangos agresyvumas žėlimui ir vyraujančios rūšys, trako rūšinė sudėtis ir kiekis aikštelėje, kitų medžių rūšių (B) žėlinių skaičius. Taip pat kiekviename tirtame sklype nustatytas paliktų priedangos medžių skaičius. Darbo rezultatai. Du tirti prieš 2-3 metus išretinti pušies medynai laikomi neatkurtais, juose perspektyvių pušies savaiminukų tankis siekė 1,1-1,4 tūkst. vnt./ha. Kiti trys prieš 4-5 metus išretinti pušies medynai laikomi atkurtais patenkinamai, juose perspektyvių pušies žėlinių skaičius buvo 3,2-3,6 tūkst. vnt./ha. Likę du prieš 6-7 metus išretinti medynai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In this Master's thesis were determined pine's forest capability to restore naturally in mineral soils of normal humidity in Varena district after shelterwood cuttings during 2-7 years period. Also shelterwood trees density, soil scarification, litter thickness and herbaceous plants cover influence to pine's regeneration were estimated. Object of work – pine's forests in seven different sites of Varena district. These pine's forests occupied from 0,8 to 22,7 hectars, were 100-130 years old, 0,6-0,7 stands density and II-IV bonitete. Aim of work – to estimate pine's forests capability to restore naturally in Varena district after shelterwood cuttings. Methods of work. The measurements were performed in 2 to 2 meters accounting fields. In each field perspective and nonperspective pine's seedlings, litter thickness, herbaceous plant's species, undergrowth density and other tree species seedlings were determined. Shelterwood trees density in all pine's forests were determined too. Results. Two pine's forests were not regenerated when 2-3 years period after shelterwood cuttings have passed. In these forests the density of perspective pine's seedlings were 1100-1400 units per ha. Other three pine's forests were regenerated sufficiently when 4-5 years period after shelterwood cuttings have passed. In these forests the density of perspective pine's seedlings were 3200-3600 units per ha. Last two pine's forests were regenerated well when 6-7 years period after shelterwood cuttings... [to full text]

Trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides (Michx.)) has become established along a mining road in the lower northern Quebec region (49°39' to 49°45'N and 79°01' to 79°02' W) in areas that have not supported aspen in the past. The primary means of regeneration of aspen is through vegetative root suckers, but it is doubtful that it could progress through this region at such a fast rate solely by asexual reproduction. Aspen are known to produce large amounts of seeds that could account for aspen's rapid progression, but sexual reproduction of aspen is rare; very little is known about Populus tremuloides seed germination and seed survival in natural conditions. The aim of this study was to determine seedbed conditions that facilitate the emergence and survival of Populus tremuloides seedlings, and to identify the key factors involved in these processes. Observations of established saplings and a sowing experiment were conducted on both post harvest and post fire sites. Our data on established saplings showed that there were seed-origin trembling aspen located in both post-harvest and burned areas indicating that Populus tremuloides can and has established from seed in areas where aspen was previously absent. Both our sowing experiment and our greenhouse experiment showed that the emergence of seedlings was relatively low, but that Polytrichum strictum moss and exposed mineral soil depressions were the best seedbeds for seed germination. Extreme temperatures and availability of moisture appeared to be controlling factors on seed germination, but ultimately the physical and biological characteristics of each substrate influenced the substrate's response to these factors in a different way. We conclude that sexual reproduction of trembling aspen may and has occurred in this region, and is promoted by the presence of exposed mineral soil and Polytrichum strictum moss. / Keywords: Bryophytes, Populus tremuloides, Polytrichum, Sphagnum, seedling, seedbed, germination, seed.

This study focuses on how established shrub seedlings (Salix myrsinifolia x phycilifolia and Vaccinium vitis-idaea) develop in historical milking grounds. Historical milking grounds are cultural remains from the intensive reindeer herding era when the Sami migrated with closely controlled herds. Although the places were never fenced, the high concentration of reindeer close to the tenting grounds created patches of grass and forb dominated vegetation in areas outherwise dominated by deciduous or ericoid shrubs. Despite about 100 years of abandonment the shrubs have not come back and the milking grounds are still clearly visible in the landscape. One theory why the former milking grounds are so stable is that shrubs cannot establish from seedlings due to unfavorable abiotic conditions, or due to competitive dominance of already established forbs and grasses. I tested this hypothesis by planting shrub seedlings in the milking grounds and in reference areas, with and without neighboring vegetation and investigated seedling survival and growth. The results show that shrub seedlings are able to both survive and develop in milking grounds suggesting that the seedling state is not the limiting factor in shrub encroachment in the milking grounds.

Regeneration of Douglas-fir following harvesting has proven difficult on many sites in British Columbia. As a result, alternative nursery practices are being explored to improve seedling growth. Using two experiments I aimed to identify an improved nutritional program for Douglas-fir seedlings. The objective of the first experiment was to identify the optimum nitrogen (N) source ratio for Douglas-fir between two inorganic sources of N, ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-). Seedlings were grown in controlled environments in aeroponic culture with solutions containing 0:100, 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, 80:20 or 100:0 NH4+:NO3- ratios. Growth and nutrient allocation was observed for 45 days. Different NH4+ and NO3-ratios resulted in significant differences in growth and nutrient allocation. Seedlings grown in solutions containing abundant and relatively equal portions of NH4+ and NO3- were characterized by the greatest relative growth rates, greatest biomass and stable internal nitrogen concentrations. Seedlings grown in solutions containing high NH4+ (80:20 and 100:0 NHS+:NO3-) concentrations were characterized by lower relative growth rates, less biomass, lower internal nutrient concentrations and lower rates of photosynthesis and root respiration compared to seedlings with less NH4+ (20:80, 40:60 and 60:40 NH4+:NO3-). Seedlings appeared to take up a greater proportion of NH4+ than NO3- from solution. The objective of the second experiment was to examine the implications of two nursery fertilization regimes for growth and nutrient dynamics. Seedlings were grown in a nursery with nutrients added at a constant rate (conventional fertilization) or at an exponentially increasing rate of 2% day-1 (exponential nutrient loading). At the time of planting, half of the conventionally fertilized seedlings were planted with slow release fertilizer packets. Growth and nutrient allocation was observed for two years following planting. In the field experiment, although exponential nutrient loading applied 25% more N in the nursery compared to the conventional regime, no benefits in growth or nutrient allocation were found. Two years after planting, there were no significant differences in height, root collar diameter or total dry mass between seedlings grown under the different nursery fertilizer regimes. In contrast, seedlings planted with additional fertilizer consistently outperformed seedlings grown with exponential nutrient loading, with greater height, root collar diameter and dry mass. Two growing seasons after planting there were no significant differences among treatments in whole-plant N concentrations.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning). Umeå : Sveriges lantbruksuniv. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning). Umeå : Sveriges lantbruksuniv. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning). Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2003. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning). Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.