The thesis deals with patients´ satisfaction as an indicator of nursing care quality. Theoretical part is divided into five chapters and is focused on theoretical bases of nursing, quality of care, patients´ satisfaction, characteristics of investigated work place and patients´ laws. In the research part I deal with patients´ satisfaction with nursing care at internal wards in Hospital České Budějovice, Inc. A quantitative investigation was proved, for data collecting a method of questioning, technique of questioning was used. Research sample was created by 160 hospitalized patients. By means of investigation were proved following working hypotheses. H 1: addressed patients are satisfied with complex nursing care, H 2: addressed patients are satisfied with nursing staff, H 3: addressed patients valuate medical care positively, H 4: addressed patients valuate hospital stay positively. On the base of questionnaires we can say that all working hypotheses were confirmed. The aim of the thesis - to find out patients´ satisfaction with nursing care at internal wards in Hospital České Budějovice, Inc. was fulfilled. It is important to follow patients´ experience with nursing care and at the same time to be interested in their satisfaction as it is irretrievable source of information stating the nursing care quality from the view of patients {--} users of the care. We think that information from this thesis can be used by all medical workers and other staff participating in medical care and satisfying patients´ needs. The thesis can be also used by broad public. It can be also used as a teaching material for students who want concern this topic. As contemporary medical trend is mainly satisfied patient, more attention should be devoted to patients´ satisfaction.

Dissertation Abstract {--} Students{\crq} Perception of Doctors My dissertation consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part proceeds from the following theories; personality and nurse personality theory, practical focus of FSHS`s students, social perception, social motivation in terms of nurses {--} doctors - students relationship, the meaning of the medical staff team work, social status of Nursing staff, a nurses{\crq} image, conflicts within working relationships and the importance of communication within the medical staff team. Within the practical part, I conducted a survey. I applied the Semantic Differential Theory by Osgood in the questionnaires distributed; each questionnaire consisted of ten questions; seven closed and three half-open. The survey was conducted among FSHS{\crq}s students in their second and third year of the General Nurse Bachelor studies and those in their first and second year of Nursing postgraduate studies. The 151 questionnaires were distributed both electronically and hard copies. I received 105 questionnaires, from which I excluded seven due to faulty completion. With this I have taken 98 (68 %) of the questionnaires into account. My goal is to discover how doctors are perceived by those FSHS{\crq}s students who have gained some work experience within their studies. There is a positive response of two thirds within questions investigating students{\crq} perceptions of doctors in the sense of their work relationships; hence I can conclude that the hypothesis H1: Students have a good working experience with doctors at the Ceske Budejovice Hospital has been proved. With regards to the questions about students{\crq} perceptions of their status during the work experience, I divide their answers into three groups; 40% of students (40) do not have any specific feelings, 29% of them (28) find their status positive and 31% (31) express an antagonistic opinion. Following the results stated above, the hypothesis H2: Students perceive that they are closely involved in the team work during their work experience can be viewed as unproved. As for my assessment of the semantic differential, hypothesis H3: Students{\crq} perceptions of doctors are biased has been proved. Analysing answers for each study year separately, this shows that students are both positively and negatively biased towards doctors. However, this does not apply to the assessment from the general point of view; it can be said that students are biased positively towards doctors. Hypothesis H4, which investigates if the age of students can influence the frequency of their bias towards doctors, has not been proved. It can be concluded both from the answers analysis, in which is obvious that bias frequency is not descendent but a change in their nature, and from the statistic data analysis by `Chi square test{\crq}, which has not proved any relation between the age and the bias. My dissertation is intended as a useful starting point for further research of a status and perception of students, nurses and doctors. As the author, I would recommend increasing the amount of respondents in the research in order to signify the results concluded.

Vietnamese minority has been living in the territory of the Czech Republic already for several decades. It is discrete, flexible and has its closed community. It is clear, however, that it is not easy for Vietnamese to incorporate in society of other country. The reasons are a different culture and language barrier. All this is also valid in the environment such as medical facility which can have a stress effect on an appropriate individual. Several tens thousand Vietnamese have currently been living in our territory. Therefore there is a high probability that a citizen of Vietnamese nationality can become a client in any of Czech medical facilities. The aim of this work was to elaborate specialities of nursing care which members of Vietnamese minority wish to respect. Before the beginning of the research we defined 4 research questions. Research question No. 1: Do members of Vietnamese minority use health care in the Czech Republic? Research question No. 2: What specifics do members of Vietnamese minority have in connection with hospitalisation? Research question No. 3: How do members of Vietnamese minority understand situation when a member of their family becomes sick? Research question No. 4: What do members of Vietnamese minority expect from a nurse? We answered these questions in the research part in the qualitative form of research using the method of an interview. The interview contains in total 138 questions and as the base material for its composition served the conceptual models of M. Gordonová, M. Leiningerová and the model of J. Gigerová and R. Davidhizerová. It also contained a model situation which led the respondents to the imagination of themselves being a patient/client at hospital. The interview was fully anonymous and in Czech language. On the basis of the data obtained there were created case reports from which categorisation tables and diagrams with the most important research data were made. It was found out from the results that members of Vietnamese minority expect almost the same like most patients/clients using Czech health service. However, there are areas such as family or catering in which they have their specifics. If nurses know these areas they are able to provide a multicultural/trans-cultural care.

Summary Relations between a nurse and a physician underwent many changes in the past. Nowadays, the relations have trended towards equal position of nurses and physicians in the health care system. It is just the equal position of the both professions in care for the client which is a prerequisite of good team cooperation and a guarantee of good-quality nursing as well as therapeutical care. The aim of our work was to find the prevailing forms of relations between nurses and physicians in the examined set of nurses and to determine whether or not nurses think they are equal partners of the physicians within the team cooperation. The quantitative method of research survey was used for the thesis elaboration. We used a questionnaire survey for the data collection. The research sample consisted of nurses working in the Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine in Prague. The data were collected from April till June 2008. One hundred and fifty-two questionnaires were used for the results evaluation. We made 7 hypotheses for the research purposes. Hypothesis no. 1: Nurses with a longer than 10-year professional experience evaluate the relations with physicians more positively than nurses with a shorter professional experience. This hypothesis was disconfirmed on the basis of statistical analysis.Questioned nurses evaluated the relations with physicians most often as good {--} 56.5 %. Hypothesis no. 2: Nurses with higher education feel to be perceived as the physician{\crq}s partner in the care for patients more often than nurses with secondary education. This hypothesis was also disconfirmed on the basis of statistical analysis. Out of the questioned nurses, 60.5 % do not feel to be perceived by the physicians as their equal partners. Hypothesis no. 3: Nurses at the intensive care units are charged by the physicians with works that do not fall within their competence more often than nurses at standard departments. This hypothesis was confirmed. On the basis of our research, we have found that the questioned nurses at the intensive care units are charged with some highly specialized works that fall within the physicians{\crq} competence. Hypothesis no. 4: Conflict situations in the relation nurse {--} physician are alleged more often by nurses with professional experience un till 10 years as compared to nurses with longer professional experience. The statistical analysis did not confirm this hypothesis. Existence of conflict situations at the work site was stated by 54.7 % of al questioned nurses. Hypothesis no. 5: Nurses solve the conflict situations with physicians through their superiors. This hypothesis was confirmed. In case of a conflict with a physician, the questioned nurses most often contact the head nurse. Hypothesis no. 6: Nurses{\crq} relations with physicians influence their job satisfaction. This hypothesis was confirmed. Relations with physicians are important for job satisfaction of 96.7 % of the questioned nurses. Hypothesis no. 7: In their relation to nurses, physicians observe the rules of etiquette. This hypothesis was confirmed as well. Our proposal to improve the team cooperation between nurses and physicians is as follows. Time should be devoted to interpersonal relations already during the studies of both physicians and nurses; techniques developing cooperation of nurses and physicians should be integrated in their continuing education; measures to improve cooperation should be implemented on the management level of health care facilities; and other researches relating this topic should be executed.

The importance of this thesis lies in finding about the current state of pain assessment and palliation at neonatal and infant wards of selected hospitals, in finding out about the extent of use of standardized rating scales for pain, in identifying the obstacles in pain assessment and non-pharmacological pain palliation, and particularly in the development of a standard for pain assessment and pain palliation for neonatal and infant hospital wards.

While providing nursing care, in exceptional cases it is necessary to use restrictive measures to calm down a patient by applying physical restraints. However, since these are methods that seriously interfere with the patient´s personal liberty, it is necessary to observe certain principles in such a way that the methods minimize the risk of various complications, which may be both mental and physical, but also legal. Therefore, the indication for the use of these measures is especially the patient´s behavior that involves significant imminent danger or harm to the patient and others. The aim of our study was to determine what is the most frequent indication for putting the patient to a net bed enclosure in traumatological and psychiatric wards, to find out whether nurses have at their disposal the standards developed in relation to restraints, to find out what nurses regard as advantages and disadvantages in placing patients into net bed enclosures, to identify how nurses see the public´s attitude to the issue of the use of bed net enclosures and to determine the public opinion on the use of net bed enclosures. It can be seen from the results that over several years the approach to this issue of both the public and the medical management has changed and there is a readiness to use physical restraints or net bed enclosures properly and in accordance with human rights and human dignity. This thesis may be used as a theoretical basis for training students of non-medical disciplines or in training nurses on the issue related to the restraints. Furthermore, it could be used as a guide for the public to get the notion how the restraints and net bed enclosures are being used, how much attention is being paid to human dignity and personal liberty. This thesis also provides an overview of how the issue has evolved over time and what level it has reached at present. The issue of net bed enclosures and restraints in general is very "sensitive". Over the past ten years this issue has undergone many changes, has aroused indignation, but also understanding. Forms of restraints will certainly be the subject of a lot of negative or positive discussions in the future. It is important that nurses consider the patients, in which restraints have been applied, as their partners, that they meet all their needs and do their best to provide comfort taking into consideration their individualities.

The aim of this study was to survey evaluation and measurement techniques that are used in practice. I have chosen this topic because demands on individual work of nurses are increasing and evaluation techniques and rating scales may help nurses in their work.Through the quantitative survey using questionnaires, opinions of 354 nurses at the bedside, and 61 nurse managers from 22 hospitals in the Czech Republic were surveyed. We wanted to identify the most common scales used in our hospitals and to find the reason why those specific scales are used. What problems nurses find in evaluation by scales, or what benefits the scales bring about. The respondents were also asked questions relating to risk management and the use of scales in this field. If prevention is the primary objective by which nurses try to anticipate more serious complications, what benefits the system brings to patients. The results of the investigation could be a clue to the efficient use of scales in practice and suggestions for managerial decisions when choosing suitable, acceptable parameters that will meet patients´ as well as medical staff members´ requirements.

Abstract Reality of cooperation of a stoma nurse with shift nurses Pernicious diseases of intestines and rectum often lead to creation of a temporary or permanent intestinal outlet alias stoma. Having been diagnosed, the patient is confided to the care of healthcare workers, in particular nurses, who endeavour to provide the patient with the highest possible quality care in the most intensive manner. At present, almost every hospital has a specially trained stoma nurse who should play the role of an advisor or coordinator in the nursing team. Regrettably, non-cooperation between shift nurses and the stoma nurse harm in particular the patient. Five hypotheses were raised. The first hypothesis was to confirm whether the shift nurses on surgical wards cooperate with the stoma nurse more efficiently than the shift nurses in other than surgical wards. This hypothesis was confirmed. The second hypothesis was to confirm whether the stoma nurse provides the shift nurses with regular information on developments in the concerned area. This hypothesis was not confirmed. The third hypothesis was to confirm whether the shift nurses cooperate with the stoma nurse as early as in the period before the operation; this hypothesis was aimed at surgical nurses and was not confirmed. The fourth hypothesis was to verify whether the shift nurses have sufficient information from the stoma nurse so that they could substitute her adequately when she is absent. This hypothesis was not confirmed. The fifth hypothesis verified whether the shift nurses ask the stoma nurse to provide them with information concerning correct handling of the stomal equipment. This hypothesis was not confirmed. The data were collected in the quantitative research supplemented with an interview with the stoma nurse. The shift nurses in surgical and non-operational wards obtained anonymous questionnaires. The research was conducted in seven hospitals in the Region of South Bohemia. The objectives were fulfilled. The information will be provided to deputy managers for the nursing care and stoma nurses. We believe that our results may contribute to higher efficiency of the cooperation between nurses, which will have a positive impact on provision of comprehensive care of patients with a stoma.

The nursing profession belongs to helping professions which are heavily demanding in terms of mental and physical aspects. The nurses who are university graduates enter into practice more mentally and physically mature, and their approach to patients and the care provided may be better than in nurses with secondary education. In care provision nurses have to cooperate with physicians, but also with other healthcare professionals. Due to the lack of medical personnel nurses assume responsibilities of other team members, which they may perceive as a restriction in fulfilling their professional identity. This restriction may be reflected in the quality of the care provided. It often happens that a nurse cannot fulfill her professional identity because of the pressure of her family which requires the fulfillment of their own requirements prior to fulfilling the professional identity of a nurse.The aim of the thesis was to determine how nurses, but also their family members, perceive the professional identity of nurses. The aim was achieved. The research was carried out in two phases. The first phase was conducted using interviews with six nurses of different ages both with and without university education. The second phase was carried out through a quantitative survey using a questionnaire method in health care facilities in Písek, České Budějovice and Plzeň. Results of the research can be used in qualification and lifelong education of nurses to strengthen their identification with the profession.

The care of incurable ill seems to be a current topic because of modernization of health care curing today the states and diseases from which people used to die much earlier than today. From this reason, there is more and more incurably ill people and the role of nurse counsellor for the incurably ill is more and more significant. The nurse counsellor´ s task should be especially to be near the incurable ill and their families, to help them to orient themselves in this demanding situation, to provide important information and as the case may be to help them in the provision of more suitable care. Goals C1 have been set for this work ``To find out the idea the laic public has about the care in the situations after having found out that they would have been incurably ill``; C2: ``To find out the care assistant staff opinion on the possibility of utilizing the nurse counsellor in the care of incurably ill``; C3: ``To find out the possibilities of utilizing the nurse counsellor in the care of incurably ill`` and C4: `` To find out who should be the provider of counselling care after the client finds out that he is incurable ill``. Furthermore, hypotheses have been set H1: The counsellor nurse is able to intervene based on the problematic of the care being expressed by laic public in case of finding out an incurable illness``. H2: ``The care assistant staff does not consider the counsellor nurse´s role real because of not specified competences in the relevant legislation``. H3: ``The care assistant staff confuses the educator nurse´s role and the counsellor nurse´s role``. Qualitative-quantitative investigation has been conducted. In the qualitative part, the research set for the interview consisted of 4 nurses from oncological, surgical, out-patient and neurological department and 4 lays. The research set of the research investigation quantitative part consisted of 116 respondents: nurses from the subsequent care, out-patient, surgical, neurological and oncological department at the hospital Nemocnice České Budějovice, a. s. and at the St. J.N.Neumanna hospice in Prachatice; and further 112 respondents-lays. From the evaluated results, it can be concluded that both the nurses and lays are interested in a counsellor nurse whose utilization would be, however, problematic because of not specified competences in the legislation. Further on it is necessary to emphasise the dominant value ensued from the research investigation {--} the family``.