The research included quantitative as well as qualitative elements. The aim of the thesis was to find out the attitude of the nurses in internal medicine and surgical sections to a practical nursing process. The inquiry and questionnaire method was used for data collection. The second aim was to find out the possibilities of the improvements of nursing process in practical conditions in relation to the particular depatment. The qualitative research was held with head nurses and ward sisters in internal medicine and surgical depatments with the use of halfstrukture interview. The research file in a quantitive research was represented by nurses working in internal medicine and surgical departments in České Budějovice Hospital, PLC . In these departments 200 questionnaire forms were at nurses´ disposal, 180 of them being completed. 90 nurses work in departments connected with internal medicine and 90 nurses come from specialized surgical departments. The first two questions had the identification character, the other four questions were focused on the nurses´education and the rest of the questions concerned the satisfaction with carrying out the nursing anamnesis, with making a nursing diagnosis, with keeping administrative materials of nursing, with planning to put nursing care into practice. The questionnaire provided possibilities for expressing the nurses´views and opinions suggestions for improving the existing situation. The last seven questions were connected with the sphere of the nurses´motivation. For this quantitative research five kinds of hypotheses were outlined. H1 - The nurses in internal medicine departments are more satisfied with the practical nursing process than the nurses in surgical departments. H2 - The nurses with the university education background are more satisfied with the nursing process compared to nurses without university education background. H 3 - The nurses are not satisfied with recording the nursing diagnosis, as it is done in a practical way. H4 - The nurses in surgical departments would welcome fewer documentation materials compared to the nurses from internal medicine departments. H 5 - The nurses are more satisfied with the nursing process in a well-working section compared with the section with a longlasting dismal situation. The qualitative research file included 8 ward and head nurses working in České Budějovice Hospital, PLC. 4 leading nurses were from departments connected with internal medicine and 4 leading nurses were frodepartments connected with internal medicine and 4 leading nurses came from departments with surgical specialization. The interview took place in the particular departments and started with the research question about the ways of improving the nurses´ satisfaction with the nursing process in practical activities in České Budějovice Hospital,PLC. The aim of the thesis was to find out the attitude of the nurses from the departments connected with internal medicine and surgical treatment to the nursing process in practical activities. The results of the quantitative research show that the nurses express dissatisfaction with recording the nursing diagnosis, they require unified brief form, the completing of which would not take much time from their nursing duties. Another kind the nurses´dissatisfaction is related to the way of recording the nursing anamnesis.

The thesis focused on the issues of nursing care of children with serious combined handicap. Thanks to scientific progress in the field of medicine and nursing care lives of children with such a handicap are extending. This is why correct understanding of the issue, its link to nursing care, but also finding the right approach to these children and their parents are so important. The theoretical part deals with nursing care in paediatrics, needs of handicapped children and their families, specifics of communication and complex care of children with combined handicap. Three goals were set within the research. The first goal was to find out the experience and opinions of nurses related to specifics of nursing care of children with serious combined handicap. The second goal was to map services provided to parents of children with serious combined handicap in Prague and in the Central Bohemia Region. The third goal was to map the problems of cooperation between nurses and parents taking care about a child with serious combined handicap. Qualitative research was used in the empiric part of the thesis. We used a questioning method in the form of semi standardized interview. The first test sample consisted of 9 nurses working in facilities providing care to children with serious combined handicap in Prague and Central Bohemia. There were nurses from a child centre, a social service centre, a paediatric neurology ambulatory surgery and a paediatric neurology ward. The second research sample consisted of 9 parents caring for children under 18 years of age with the third or fourth dependence degree. An open coding technique ? the paper & pencil method ? was used for processing the interviews. Document analysis was applied to mapping the services in Prague and Central Bohemia. Three research questions were set: 1 - What experience do nurses providing care to children with serious combined handicap have? 2 - What services are available to parents with children with serious combined handicap in Prague and Central Bohemia? 3 - How does cooperation between a nurse and parents caring about a child with serious combined handicap work? The quantitative research results show clearly that nursing care of children with serious combined handicap has its specifics in the field of communisation, in the files of the needs of the children and their families and is affected by obstacles to the care and competence of nurses caring for these children. Answers of the nurses and the children differ in some cases. The interviews with the respondents showed that cooperation is based on mutual information, education in nursing procedures, mutual confidence and involvement of the family in the care for the handicapped child. Answers of the respondents were identical in the category of cooperation between nurses and parents. The second aim was to map the services provided to parents of children with serious combined handicap. We found 48 facilities upon document analysis, of which 9 were in Prague and 39 in the Central Bohemia region. A table and a map where the individual facilities are located were prepared upon content analysis and consequently a graph describing the form of the care provided there. The research results will be provided to nursing managements of the facilities that showed interest during the research and presented in specialized seminars. An informative brochure for parents of the children and nurses providing nursing care to children with serious combined handicap will be based on the information obtained during elaboration of the thesis.

The dissertation is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part deals with the historical equipment of nursing and nursing education in the Czech Republic, further the legislation, the implementation of nursing education and a personality of a nurse. For the processing of the empirical part there was chosen the method of quantitative and qualitative research inquiry. For the quantitative inquiry there was chosen the method of asking by means the technique of a questionnaire and for the qualitative part of the research inquiry there was chosen the method of asking, namely the method of half-structured interview with opened questions. For the quantitative inquiry there were prepared two sorts of questionnaire, the first for the nurses, namely the universal nurses from experience and the second for patients, it means for the non ? professional public within the Southern Bohemia. There were set six surmises for this part of inquiry. The results of the inquiry were elaborated into diagrams and tables. In the quantitative part of the research inquiry were verified six hypothesis, that were set in advance: 1. The interest of nurses for the education follows more from the legislative aiming than from interest about more quality nursing care of a patient. The results show us that the need of credit is for the nurses more important than the need of more quality care for a patient. The first hypothesis was confirmed. 2. Choice of the courses of lifelong learning depends more on the amount of financial claims than on the orientation on care that provided. There follows from the research inquiry that for the nurses is more important the interestingness of an event than the amount of financial costs. The second hypothesis was disproved. 3. Motivation for the nurses for education is more the system of university education than the increasing of the quality of care. The results show that the nurses are more motivated by the need of a university education than by a better care of a patient. The third hypothesis was verified. 4. Implementation of an output of education isn´t incremental to its application in the real environment. The research inquiry showed us, there is no big possibility for the nurses to implement the results of their education in practice. The fourth hypothesis was verified. 5. The patient?s don´t distinguish, if the nursing care is provided by a qualified nurse or by another member of a nursing team. The fifth hypothesis was verified. 6. The patient?s don´t perceive nurses according to their education, but to a uniform. The results show, that the patients are not knowledgeable in the nursing staff neither according to their uniform nor their education. The sixth hypothesis was disproved. There were approached 12 respondents for the qualitative part of the research inquiry, within the Southern Bohemia again. The interviews were taken down, rewritten and analysed. The obtained data were categorized. There was set Research question for the qualitative part of the research inquiry: What is the meaning of nurses about the implementation of their education I the praxis? There was finding out by the research inquiry, that the nurses generally welcome the university education, mainly because of the reason, that the nurses come in praxis in a higher age. The lifelong learning should be also beneficial for them, but this has its shortcomings, namely in the financial part and it isn´t supported by the employers. They can also see the problem in implementation of their obtained knowledge from education in non ? interest of their employer and other members of nursing team.

Theoretical Basis Demographic data show that the world's population has been aging and there are more and more elderly people who need health and social care. The same situation is in our country. Every person lives his/her life in a unique way. With aging changes occur in physical, mental and social aspects. To cope with them requires help, tolerance, respect and patience shown by other people. The current forms of care for seniors are carried out in health facilities, social facilities as well as families. The changes bring about the need to find a new way of life. The most frequent changes occur in self-care which results in increased demands on the care of other people. Some seniors do not need almost any services and some are dependent on permanent comprehensive care. Definitely, the best way for seniors is living at home with the support of their families and the cooperation with home care agencies when health care is necessary. Everyday nursing care for seniors depends on the degree of their self-sufficiency and is extremely challenging. Caring for seniors is often complicated by changes in the behavior of seniors in communication, aggressiveness, disorientation caused by today's relentlessness and memory disorders. Caring for immobile seniors also places an enormous physical strain on nurses. Aims of the Study In this thesis, one goal was set, that is to survey the activities of nurses in nursing care for seniors in selected health care facilities, home care agencies and nursing homes. Methods Used in the Study In the empirical part of this thesis the qualitative research method of observation was used to conduct the research survey. The research survey was conducted through observation, in which the frequency of nursing activities was observed, and the time consumption of selected nursing activities (recording nursing documentation, intramuscular injection administration, subcutaneous injection administration, insulin administration with an insulin pen, capillary blood collection, venous blood collection, a planet urinary catheter insertion in women, blood pressure taking, blood sugar levels testing using a glucometer and colostomy care) were recorded into pre-prepared observation sheets (Appendix 2) and (Appendix 3) in the Home care Agency in České Budějovice from May 1 to July 5, 2013, in the Home for Seniors in České Budějovice from July 8 to July 12, 2013 and in České Budějovice Hospital, plc, in the Aftercare department from July 22 to July 26, 2013. The data sheet with activities when time measurements were carried out was compiled based on a preliminary research, when all the mentioned facilities were visited beforehand to find out which activities were carried out in all the facilities where the research study was conducted. A digital stopwatch was used for measurements. The time measurements are stated in units of time rounded up to the nearest minute. Each nursing activity was measured from its preparation through implementation to completion. Observations were carried out eight hours a day, 5 days a week in each facility. Overall, 160 hours for 3 weeks. Observations were conducted during regular operating hours in the facilities; every day one nurse treating fifteen seniors in each facility was observed. The frequency of nursing activities and the measured values were statistically processed - summed, averaged, and standard deviations were calculated. Results of the Thesis The analysis of the data implies differences in nursing activities carried out by nurses in particular facilities and the time measurements show time differences between particular facilities in nursing activities performance. The goals of this thesis were achieved after the research investigation and the research questions were answered.

The thesis focuses on care of clients with Alzheimer's, including the burden of family members and possible options of using services of a day care and a week care centre. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with Alzheimer's disease together with nursing care, health care system in the Czech Republic and possibility to use services of day care and week care centres. In the empirical part of the thesis the method of qualitative research was used. A non standardized interview was applied as a method of questioning. The results of the qualitative research clearly show that the care for clients with Alzheimer's dementia represents a major burden for family members who care for the ill and in connection with the care provided they have to tackle following problems. They have to cope with the gradual deterioration of memory of the ill, which is associated with occasional forgetfulness, disorientation, wandering around. Another problem is to handle in an acceptable way the change of behaviour of their loved ones who often attack them both verbally and physically. Family members help patients with feeding, emptying, hygiene and grooming. They must solve the difficulties with activation of patients including memory exercises, they watch whether the patients swallow the medication. The conclusions of the thesis show that family members have to deal with many above mentioned problems when providing care for their loved ones. They themselves are tired and exhausted due to the care they provide, which is related to the incidents of their own health problems. They neglect themselves and their families, it is difficult for them to coordinate the care with their job and often come to work sleepy. For these reasons they would like to use services of day care and week care centres. It eases them of the burden of care, which they see as a benefit. The research revealed the expected services of the day care centre including expected nursing care. The research results were presented to the management of the Aftercare Hospital in Humpolec as it had planned to open a day care centre for patients with Alzheimer's dementia. Furthermore, the results served as a basis for the seminar for potential applicants, who would like to work in the centre. Based on information obtained in the course of writing of the thesis, a draft of the brochure was created which would serve as information material for family members of clients with Alzheimer's including the patients themselves.

The thesis deals with the issue of nursing care in old people's homes. Given the improving medical and nursing care and also the prevention of diseases, the human life extends. This leads to the aging of population. Therefore, it is essential to understand this issue, its interconnection with nursing care, but also to find the right approach to the elderly in residential facilities providing social services. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with old age and aging, behavioural changes in old age, specifics of communication with the elderly, long-term care for the elderly, care for a man in nursing homes. It deals with the work of nurses in old people's homes and with their education. Five objectives were set within the framework of the research. The first objective was to determine areas of nursing care, in which the nurses working in old people's homes have most problems. The second objective was to find out how the nurses manage physical strain. The third objective was to determine how the nurses manage psychical strain. The fourth objective was to find out what theoretical knowledge and practical skills the nurse must have. The fifth objective was to identify possibilities of further training for nurses working in old people's homes. Qualitative research was applied in the empirical part of the thesis. The method of non - standardized interview was used. The research group consisted of 10 nurses who work in residential facilities for the elderly in old people's homes. To process the interviews, the open coding technique was applied - a paper-and-pencil method. To complement psychical resilience of nurses, S.O.C questionnaire by A. Antonovsky was used. There were 42 questionnaires used in the research. The interviews with the respondents showed that the work of a nurse in homes for the elderly is physically and mentally demanding. And it is obvious that nurses feel the mental strain as more damaging. The physical demands are connected with the state of the client and his diseases but also with the space limitations of homes and night shifts. The mental burden is caused by similar factors and also by the family of the client, specifics of the communication with the elderly, cooperation with the hospital, working atmosphere, responsibility and keeping records. Next important factor that negatively influences mental state of the nurses is a lack of prestige and recognition of their work. Even though the nurses feel both types of stress, most of them cope with it without problems and they try to restore their balance in their leisure time. The conclusions of the thesis also point to the high demands and wide range of expertise and skills required from the nurses when providing care. Even specialized procedures are carried out in homes. Nurses must know how to communicate, handle conflict situations, co-operate with colleagues from different fields. Great emphasis is placed on independence in evaluating the health state of the client while ensuring the nursing care. The nurse must have personal qualities for work with the elderly. Another important component of their work is their knowledge and practical skills in the field of social work theoretically backed by the Act 108/2006 Coll.

The thesis titled Biological Therapy in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases deals with the needs of clients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis prior and after biological therapy. The role of nurses in biological therapy centres, including the application of this therapy, was also investigated. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are inflammatory bowel diseases. They are chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, which are accompanied by ample extraintestinal symptoms. This thesis also deals with biological therapy that involves the administration of highly effective substances of biological nature that inhibit specific sites of inflammatory reactions. This therapy is provided in centres of biological therapy and is used not only in gastroenterology but also in rheumatology and oncology. Teams of experts work in biological therapy centres; the task of these teams is to provide a comprehensive holistic health care. The thesis is divided into a theoretical part and an empirical part. The theoretical part focuses mainly on Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and biological therapy that helps patients suffering from these diseases. The methodological section employed qualitative research using in-depth semi-structured interviews with patients suffering from idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases and with nurses who deal with these patients when applying biological therapy. Since head nurses from gastroenterology departments did not wish to record the interviews with a recorder, they were recorded in writing and transcribed subsequently. The questions dealt with the issues of biological therapy in connection with inflammatory bowel diseases. All the acquired data was processed with the Atlas.ti programme, which is designed for encoding, processing and interpretation of large amounts of textual and graphic qualitative data. Based on the research, an educational brochure for patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases was complied as well as educational materials for nurses starting work in biological therapy centres. Furthermore, the results can be used by nurses in practice and nursing students too.

This thesis deals with health of nurses and nursing students. The World Health Organization defines health as follows: "Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." This definition includes three components - physical, mental and social. In case that it comes to disharmony in one of the three components, it means a disorder of human health, what is subsequently blending into the other components. By this reason it is important for people to be concerned about their health properly. However, health care should not only be the task of health service. Everyone should realize the value of health and should have a big share of its sustaining. The thesis includes two parts. The theoretical part focuses on the prevention of health, personality of nurses and their health care. There is also described how can employers take care of nurses´ health and what lifestyle do the nursing students keep. The conclusion of the theoretical part deals with healthy lifestyle and proper observance of wholesome principles. The second part of this thesis presents an empirical part. The research has been realized in the form of quantitative survey. There were used electronic questionnaires within the research addressed to two groups of respondents, i.e. nurses and nursing students. The questions in the questionnaires have been focused on health and compliance being in accordance with the wholesome principles of respondents. The first research group has been formed of nurses who pursue their profession in various medical facilities in the Czech Republic.There have been provided five goals For the purpose of this research work. The purpose of the first goal has been to compare how the nurses and students keep their own health. The results showed that in the context of compliance with health wholesome activities are not striking differences between the nurses and students. Both groups (nurses, students) take care about their health almost to the same degree. There are no significant differences even in case of doing harmful activities (smoking, alcohol consumption, taking drugs). The second goal of this work has been to determine what health problems start the students their studies with. By the research there was found out that the most students have been gone on their studies with chronic health problems such as asthma and allergies (26%), diseases and musculoskeletal pains (17%) and diseases of gastrointestinal tract (11%). The third aim should determine whether their health - from the perspective of students - was changed during their studies. The results of that survey have showed that 17% of students really changed the state of their health during their studies. The fourth aim has been to find out which health problems take nurses to their jobs with. The nurses commence with more diseases and musculoskeletal pains (23%) following by asthma and allergy (14%) unlike the students. The last aim has been set in order to find out if the health status of nurses is changing during the pursuit of their professions. The results have been pointed out that 46% of nurses changed their health status during their careers.The thesis has been conceived very widely because of the extensive concept of health and healthcare. Moreover, the both experimental groups represent a large part of the population and include various differences. In this work have been outlined various issues that could definitely be a good basis for further research. In case that anyone would be able to deal with this issue, it could be good to split the two groups and focus on the specific problems of selected groups only. Definitely it is necessary to start dealing with the health status of nursing students.

Administration and documentation are inseparable and obligatory parts of nurse's everyday work. Documentation in healthcare serves to communication of necessary patient information. Medical documentation is kept by physicians. Nursing documentation is conducted in parallel with medical documentation. Nursing documentation records facts of the nursing care provided to a particular patient. Duly kept nursing documentation is a quality indicator of qualified nurse's work. It has to comply with applicable legislation and reflect the latest research results. Documentation has to be brief, clear, concise and factual. It should definitely not be extensive, time consuming, complicated and it should not contain useless information and duplicities. Nurses should not be overloaded by document keeping and should not spend more time on it than with patients. The aims of the thesis: Aim 1: To map the approach to documentation among nurses at selected hospital departments. Aim 2: To map how nurses perceive document keeping in terms of time, how much time they really spend on documentation within their working hours. Aim 3: To analyse nursing documentation at selected hospital departments. Research questions: Research question 1: Do nurses feel overloaded by nursing documentation keeping? Research question 2: How much time do nurses have to spend on documentation within their working hours? Research question 3: Is the time spent on documentation used effectively? Research question 4: Would nurses welcome changes in nursing documentation? Applied methods: The research part of the thesis was based on qualitative research method applied at selected departments of a regional type hospital.The research results from the interviews, document analysis and working hours scanning will be provided to the examined hospital management. They may help the hospital management with better insight into their documentation and lead to improvement of the document keeping in general and particularly ease the work of nurses as they are overloaded anyway.

Patient satisfaction with the services provided is extensive and actual topic. The goal of this thesis is to find out patient satisfaction with the services of general practitioners for adults in České Budějovice, Trhové Sviny a Borovany. The patient satisfaction is evaluated primarily in connection with the satisfaction of their needs during illness. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part consists of seven chapters. The first chapter is an introduction to the medical practice and deals with the concept of quality of health care. The sixth chapter examines satisfaction and its impact on the assessment of the quality of services by patients. The last, seventh chapter focous on the relationship of health workers and patients. The practical part deals with the research, which was conducted using quantitative research strategies, methods and questioning survey techniques. Questionnaire that we created for assessing patient satisfaction includes fourteen questions. This part sets out the objective, hypotheses, methodology, results of research, discussion and conclusion. This thesis has two hypotheses. H1: Doctors who have office hours in the afternoon are better at assessment than those who have office hours only in the morning. H2: Patients from smaller towns will be satisfied with the services of general practitioners more than patients from large cities. The research sample consisted of 453 respondents. The data were processed using Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and then were processed into graphs or tables. Hypotheses were tested using the homogeneity test, the Pivot Table. The results of this thesis can serve as an extension of the information for general practitioners for adults on the current topic.