The name and the topic of my thesis is evaluation of the quality of given nursing care. The quality of nursing care as integral part of quality of medical care is gaining ground not only in medics but also in public. Words like quality, standard, audit are commonly used by every nurse but do they know meaning of separate words? Do they know how to ensure high-quality care and how to evaluate it? These and other questions must be answered in order to retrieve possible insufficiencies and thus, to ensure high-quality nursing care. That´s why I chose this topic for my thesis. Theoretical part first characterizes nursing, its aims and organization of nursing care. Extensive part is devoted to quality of nursing care, systems and models to ensure and evaluate the quality. Practical part is focused on research and its interpretation. There were two research units and were created by nurses from surgical wards of Hospital in České Budějovice and Hospital in Jihlava. In order to collect needed data I chose quantitative method, when the way of data collecting was questionnaire. The aim of the thesis was to chart nurses´ knowledge on evaluation of quality of given nursing care through two hypotheses. The hypothesis supposing that nurses working in Hospital České Budějovice know more about evaluation of quality of given nursing care than nurses working in Hospital Jihlava was confirmed. But it is evident from the results that both investigated units have certain reserves. The other hypothesis supposing that more than 80% nurses consider the audits helpful for improving the quality of nursing care was not confirmed. According to the results, for more than half of addressed nurses audit is only stressing matter when hospital management looks for faults in their work. I mean, this opinion results from insufficient knowledge or incorrect understanding of the audit sense. I would like to use the thesis and its results as a base for creating scientific lectures and subsequent presentation. The head nurse asked me to present my thesis and the results at the meeting of head nurses in autumn 2008. I was asked for the results by Jihlava Hospital management as well.

In last two decades medicine and nursery have experienced many reforms. In-patients are regarded self-contained human beings, persons with biopsychosocial needs. The holistic approach of human reflects also in paediatrics. After 1990 family has become a part of medical and nursery process. In case of a child hospitalisation contacts of the child and his/her family are not constrainedly interrupted but on the contrary there occurs a possibility of a common stay of children and parents or other persons caring for the child. For my Diploma Thesis I chose the theme: ``Stay of a child in hospital in terms of an accompanying person.`` This thesis contains two parts, the theoretical and empirical one. The theoretical part is divided into nine chapters. The first chapter is devoted to history of common hospitalisation of a child and his/her mother, the second one describes hospitalisation of a child with an accompanying person at present. In other chapters there are described rights of a child and accompanying persons, individual development periods of a child in connection with a disease and hospitalisation, what effect do disease or pain have on the child and reaction of the child to hospitalisation. Following chapters are devoted to the nursery process at children{\crq}s department and to medical care organisation in the Czech Republic. The empirical part is focused on finding out the level of satisfaction with the nursery care for a hospitalised child in terms of an accompanying person, which was directly the objective of the Diploma Thesis. The research proceeded in form of a quantitative investigation using a questionnaire survey. To complete and perfect the information obtained I used the qualitative investigation which proceeded in form of a depth interview. In conclusion it is possible to say that all the four hypotheses proved true: the hypothesis 1 An accompanying person is satisfied with the nursery care for a child in hospital. Hypothesis 2 An accompanying person provides a positive evaluation of the approach of nurses , the hypothesis 3 An accompanying person when staying in hospital is sufficiently informed about the child patient regime and the hypothesis 4 An accompanying person is satisfied with the environment of the department. In interviews the respondents mentioned often a missing alarm system in rooms to be the biggest negative of the common stay of a child and an accompanying person in hospital, which means insufficient contact with a nurse in case of a need of an assistance. The respondents liked the most being sufficiently informed about the child patient regime. It will be possible to use the results of the Diploma Thesis for evaluation of quality of the nursery care at children` departments and for proposal of corrective measures in the relevant area, which should lead to increase of satisfaction in the area of care for a hospitalised child and accompanying person.

The aim of the thesis is to find out the conception of human dignity at medical staff. At nurses, in addition, with a hidden observation to verify to what extent they meet their statements in practice, whether for nurses a patient does not become only an object of relevant therapeutic and nursing acts. The empirical part of this thesis was processed in form of a qualitative research. The data collection technique was a non-standardised interview with nurses at standard in-patient departments, students of the nursery Master study programme, students of a higher nursing school and patients at a standard department. At nurses it was verified, using the technique of hidden observation, to what extent their actual behaviour in practice corresponds to the information mentioned in interviews. Therefore in their interviews we differentiated the mentioned and non-mentioned elements. The interviews were anonymous. They were recorded in writing because only in one case the respondent agreed for us to use a dictaphone. Collection of empirical data proceeded from June to August 2008. Unlike our expectations the research showed that respondents have no conception of human honour and have no complex conception of its keeping in practice. We categorised the rather poor information into five basic categories that covered 92% (intimacy, communication, individuality, empathy and equality of approach). Statements that we did not manage to categorise here create other 5 categories (worthy dying, consider seriously, pain calming, lege artis process and faith). Most often the respondents mentioned the following categories: intimacy (80.4 %), communication (76.8 %), individuality (60.7 %), empathy (39.3 %) and equality of approach (33.9 %). The hidden observation showed that most nurses (13 out of 16, i.e. 81 %) adhered to their fundamentals of keeping human dignity when working with ill people in a satisfactory way. The other 3 nurses made mistakes in all categories except keeping intimacy; here only one of them did wrong. Results of the thesis should contribute to improvement of quality of care and help to better respect for human dignity.

The Diploma paper explores the quality-related issues of nursing care provided at the Orthopedics Department of the České Budějovice Hospital. The survey used quality indicators to review the quality of nursing care delivered at the different units of the Orthopedics Dept. The nursing care was audited to find out whether the operating theatres were kept properly sanitized. Another audit was carried out to examine the level of expertise found in the nursing staff taking care of patients with epidural catheter. The audit followed the already established standard of "Nursing care provided to patients with epidural catheter". The nurses were tested to reveal their competence in caring for the orthopedic patients. A recommendation issued by the Czech Nursing Association was utilized to arrive at the optimal numbers of nurses at the standard nursing units. The outpatients and inpatients were polled to disclose their degree of satisfaction. The nurses were given a questionnaire to measure the extent to which they were happy about their working conditions. The survey has accomplished all its objectives and all the hypotheses have been confirmed as true. The Orthopedics Dept. of the České Budějovice Hospital provides a quality nursing care. Monitoring the quality of nursing care is important mainly for achieving better standards. The nursing staff can be made aware of them through the evaluation of treatment and nursing care effectivity.

In the past years, the cardiac surgery performance was very demanding. The limited range of medical performances, imperfect procedures and techniques resulted in frequent postoperative complications and high postoperative mortality. Over time, surgical techniques, heart replacements, extracorporeal circulation and postoperative care have improved. This makes it possible today to operate on much older patients, where surgeries previously were nor feasible. The diploma thesis on the topic Cardiac surgical patient in the RES room and the approach of a nurse to nursing care is dedicated to the patient after heart surgery. It deals with meeting the patient's needs in the RES room and what the patient perceives while staying in the resuscitation unit and what he /she needs from a nurse. In the empirical part of this thesis two objectives were stated. To determine what a cardiac surgical patient perceives and what he /she needs in the RES room, and to find out whether it is possible to improve the quality of patient-oriented care. Based on these objectives, hypotheses and research questions were established. The objectives were successfully achieved, the hypothesis was confirmed and the questions answered. The research was conducted using qualitative quantitative research methods in the RES units of the cardiac surgery department, where the patients with heart disease are operated on. For the quantitative research the questionnaire interview method was selected. The qualitative research method was used to carry out semi-conducted interviews with the patients.

With the hectic time of today, the number of people with cardio-vascular disorder increases continuously. A whole range of factors are the cause of this disorder. Among others, it is stress which people are mostly exposed to, due to the modern bustling style of life. Further, it is improper food, obesity, diabetes mellitus, smoking and many other reasons increasing the risk of this illness. In connection with cardio {--} vascular disorder, the patients may be confronted with the decision, whether to undergo a cardiac {--} surgery operation or not. The patients quite understandably go a whole range of emotions, anxiety and feelings in connection with the cardio-surgery operation. In our thesis, we determined 3 aims. In the first aim, we concentrated our attention on the cardio-surgery patient´s perceiving him himself, his family and his future in connection with the cardio-surgery operation. The aim was carried out. Four hypotheses refer to this aim. Hypothesis number 1: The cardio-surgery patient perceives the cardio-surgery operation as the result of his life style. Hypothesis number 2: After the heart operation, the cardio-surgery patient feels to have failed in the eye of his family. Hypothesis number 3: The psychic wellbeing of the cardio-surgery patient depends on the help and assistance of his family (background) during the time of his convalescence. Hypothesis number 4: The cardio-surgery patient believes to be able to join in a normal life, the same as before his health problem leading to the cardio-surgery operation has started. The second aim has to do with the most frequent anxieties the cardio-surgery patient must cope with in connection with the heart operation. The aim was carried out. To this aim, the hypothesis number 5 related: Highly specialized nursing care of a cardio-surgery patient is concentrated on the most frequent anxieties of these patients. The third aim was directed at non-saturated needs of the cardio-surgery patient during the time of his hospitalization after the operation. To this aim, the hypothesis number 6 applied: In the nursing care of a cardio-surgery patient, the problems arising from dissatisfying the psychic needs prevail over dissatisfying the basic needs. The dates for the purpose of the research examination were collected in the form of an anonymous questionnaire consisting of 32 questions. The question used here were both opened and closed. The questionnaires were given to hospitalized patients before and after the heart operation in 6 cardio-centers. The research complex was produced by 185 respondents. The results were graphically worked into column graphs and tables. In the research examination, 4 of 6 hypotheses were confirmed. The results of this work will be applicable with the work of the nurses at the cardio-surgery for the purpose of improving the nursing care of cardio-surgery patients.

This thesis deals with teambuilding in connection with management of changes in clinical practice and in manager practice. The executives in nursing are registered nurse managers, bearers of changes in quality of nursing care. Courses of teambuilding are a part of educational programmes for development of managerial skills of nurses. Teambuilding means both, team education or building of a team, and training focused on support of mutual confidence and team cooperation. A combination of methods of qualitative and quantitative research was chosen to elaborate the empiric part of the paper. The objective of a qualitative part was to find out, how much are the teambuilding courses used in practice and what is the benefit of the courses for the team. The data were obtained by means of a half-standardized interview with 6 respondents who took part in the teambuilding course. Three hypotheses were set on the basis of these interviews. These hypotheses became then a background for the second stage of the research by means of quantitative method. The objectives of quantitative research were to survey nurse managers´ awareness of possibilities of team education, to find out whether the nurses are interested in courses and to reveal obstacles in realization of teambuilding courses in medical facilities. By means of questionnaires for ordinary nurses and for nurse managers we achieved the objectives. The hypothesis about the awareness of nurse managers of the course was not proved. The second hypothesis about the interest of ordinary nurses in teambuilding courses was not proved either. The lack of financial resources was mentioned as the most frequent obstacle for realization of the course. During the collection of the data for the research in management in nursing, a lack of publishing activities of nurse managers was revealed. A lot of interesting information was obtained thanks to the interviews with nurse managers. Publishing of the experience of sister managers with leading and managing nursing teams would become significant contribution and inspiration for other nurses in practice.

Patients{\crq} safety is a global problem and we are increasingly thinking about the possibilities of improving the quality of care provided. This is a priority for all health care providers, including nurses. We must not forget the patients and their close family because they are our partners and the nurses should seek to ensure that the patients themselves are actively involved in the care of their health and play an important role in preventing some unwanted errors. The theoretical part of the thesis is devoted to a detailed analysis of the concept of safety and safe care and the associated negatives. The goal of the thesis was to determine which resources are used to maintain the level of safe nursing care by nurses with specialized training. Six hypotheses were determined. The quantitative survey technique was used to achieve the objectives of this thesis and to verify the hypotheses. The group consisted of nurses from all over the Czech Republic in the month of February 2010 studying on a specialized training course of the NCO/ NZO (National Center of Nursing/ Non- medical health disciplines) in Brno. The results imply that the nurses interviewed do not use enough resources to help reduce the risk of errors leading to an increase in the level of safe nursing care. The proposed measures are intended to increase the use of resources for maintaining the level of safe nursing care which is a clearly dependent on the awareness of their existence. This also strongly urges management to make more use of various resources and inform all medical staff not only nurses about new procedures and analyses carried out on a regular basis. Managers should conduct a regular and detailed analysis of past errors or incidents to establish the risk of error and take steps to minimize such unwanted events. The results of the survey will be provided to the professional public, published in professional journals and can serve as a basis for comparing other survey research.

Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the position of nursing mentor and her cooperation with shift nurses. The theoretical part of the thesis is divided into seven chapters, and focuses on the current nursing profession that is also interconnected with education and legislature. The work is further dealing with the role of the nursing mentor and her cooperation with the nursing team. Last but not least, the theoretical part is devoted to the important role of ethics and morality in the nursing profession that is undoubtedly of central importance. We are also addressing the Certified Course for Mentors that we regard as rather positive as one of the forms of lifelong education. The nurses completing the course will acquire new skills and knowledge, but also knowledge in the field of psychology, law, didactics and other fields. The role of a nurse-mentor is rather important as she can pass the acquired knowledge further and positively influence the students in this way over the course of professional training facilitating their adaptation when they start their professional career. It was the main objective of this work to map the current position of a nurse? mentor, what her experience is with cooperation with other shift nurses as part of practical education in the workplace, and whether the nurses direct and sufficiently motivate the students to become interested in the profession of general nurses or midwifes. The section on research employed two methods. The first method consisted in quantitative research in the form of questionnaires. We employed two questionnaires, one targeted the nurses-non-mentors, while the second was intended for nurses-mentors. As a second method, qualitative research was carried out using semi-structured interview conducted with selected head and ward (charge) nurses. Using the qualitative survey approach, we tested the following working hypotheses. H1: the general nurses know what the role of a nurse-mentor is in the health-care team, H2: the nurses-mentors motivate their students to raise their interest in the profession of general nurse, H3: the nurses-mentors are not always occupying leading positions, H4: the nurses-mentors are perceived positively by the shift nurses,

Cooperation of nurses and physicians from the perspective of nursing management Master's thesis was focused on the cooperation of nurses and physicians from the perspective of nursing management. Nursing care and nursing management has an irreplaceable role in health care. The world of medicine, nursing care and health care is an extremely complex organizational system, which is not surely represented only by physicians and nurses, but these, however, are still the dominant persons on the scene. The first objective of this thesis was to make a survey of cooperation between nurses and physicians during the nursing process in the care of patients from the perspective of nursing management in departments of surgery and internal medicine. The second objective was to identify problem areas in cooperation between nurses and physicians from the perspective of nursing management in departments of surgery and internal medicine, and the third objective was to find out the way the nursing management tackles problem situations in cooperation between nurses and physicians in departments of surgery and internal medicine. To meet these objectives four research questions were stated: 1. In what areas do nurses and physicians cooperate during the nursing process while providing care for patients from the perspective of nursing management in their respective departments? 2. How do nurses assess and perceive cooperation with physicians from the perspective of nursing management in their respective departments? 3. Are there problem areas in cooperation of nurses and physicians from the perspective of nursing management in their respective departments? 4. How does nursing management tackle problem situations in cooperation between nurses and physicians in their respective departments? The research was conducted in the hospital, where I was given information under the condition of anonymity of the respondents interviewed. The responders were chief nurses and senior staff nurses working in departments of surgery and internal medicine. The investigation conducted is a qualitative research. Interviews with the structure of questions to non-standardized interviews were conducted with the respondents according to question structures of the non-standardized interview. Subsequently, transcripts of interviews and data categorization in tables according to the Ritchie and Spencer´s framework analysis were made. The survey suggests the following conclusions. Nurses and physicians cooperate within the nursing process in providing care for patients from the perspective of nursing management in departments of surgery and internal medicine at the stage of problem solving. Nurses appreciate cooperation with physicians on the basis of mutual respect, but they still feel the prevailing dominance of physicians. From the perspective of nursing management there are problematic areas in cooperation between nurses and physicians. Nursing management tackles problem situation in cooperation between nurses and physicians by seeking common solutions. It will be possible to provide the health care facilities, where the research was conducted, with the outcomes of the research. Thinking about the possible improvement in mutual cooperation as early as during physicians´ and nurses´ studies, to introduce various measures to improve cooperation between nurses and physicians by organizing joint seminars and cultural events could lead to meeting the purpose. It is necessary to raise physicians´ awareness of nursing process and to carry out further research on this topic.