In my diploma thesis I deal with the reasons for turnover of nurses working in hospitals. Health care workers turnover is a topical issue. It is therefore desirable to pay attention to this issue, to focus on identification of its causes and explore the motivations that lead nurses to leave their jobs. Only when we know the causes, it is possible to start fighting against turnover and to introduce measures for its reduction. The aim of the thesis was to identify causes of turnover of nurses in selected hospitals of the South Bohemian region, to survey the current state of turnover of nurses in selected hospitals of the South Bohemian region, and to identify measures imposed by the management in selected hospitals of the South Bohemian region to affect the excessive turnover of nurses. The goals of the thesis were met. Based on interviews conducted with nurses who had left their workplaces, hypotheses of this thesis were stated. These are the following hypotheses: H: 1 One of the main causes of nurse turnover is the psychically demanding job, H: 2 One of the main causes of nurse turnover is the physically demanding work of nurses, H: 3 Nurses change jobs due to problematic interpersonal relationships, H: 4 Nurses change jobs because of increasing demands for nursing competencies, H: 5 Younger nurses change jobs more frequently than older nurses, H: 6 Younger nurses change jobs because they cannot ensure care for their children when pursuing their profession, H: 7 Nurse turnover rates are uniform over all departments in selected hospitals in the South Bohemian region, and H: 8 Management of selected hospitals in the South Bohemian region implements measures to affect the excessive turnover of nurses. To verify the established hypotheses, quantitative research through a questionnaire survey was conducted in selected hospitals in the South Bohemian region. Furthermore, the interviews with the Deputy Director of Nursing in individual hospitals of the South Bohemian region were carried out. The research outcomes show that hypothesis H: 1 One of the main causes of nurse turnover is the psychically demanding job, H: 2 One of the main causes of turnover of nurse is the physically demanding work of nurses, H: 3 Nurses change jobs due to problematic interpersonal relationships, H: 5 Younger nurses change jobs more frequently than older nurses, and H: 7 Nurse turnover rates are uniform over all departments in selected hospitals in South Bohemian region, were confirmed. However, the research survey proved that H 4: Nurses change jobs because of increasing demands for nursing competencies, and H: 6 Younger nurses change jobs because they cannot ensure care for their children when pursuing their profession, cannot be uniquely confirmed. Hypothesis H: 8 Management of selected hospitals in the South Bohemian region implements measures to affect the excessive turnover of nurses was disproved by my research.

I selected the topic of the diploma thesis ``Cooperation between a nurse working at a children{\crq}s ward and an anaesthetic nurse in care of a child patient in pre-operation, per-operation and post-operation periods{\crqq} because I am very interested in the work of nurses and in preparation of children and their parents in these periods. These entire periods and the associated activities are very demanding and burdening for all the involved parties. The cooperation and communication between the anaesthetic nurse and the children{\crq}s nurse is crucial for the child to cope with the period. The objective of the diploma thesis was to ascertain the opinions of anaesthetic and children{\crq}s nurses on their cooperation, and to find out whether the cooperation between anaesthetic and children{\crq}s nurses influences satisfaction of a child{\crq}s needs in the concerned periods. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis addresses paediatrics and segmentation of childhood, anaesthesiology and the specifics of childhood, children surgery and nursing care of children in three operation periods in general terms. The practical part is divided into a quantitative and a qualitative subpart. The quantitative subpart is focused on cooperation between anaesthetic nurses and nurses working at the children{\crq}s ward, and uses the data collected by means of a questionnaire, while the qualitative subpart ascertains whether the cooperation between nurses has an influence on the needs of children in the concerned periods, and uses the data obtained from observation of children and interviews of nurses. The summary of the results revealed that hypothesis 1 ``Anaesthetic nurses and nurses working at a children{\crq}s ward cooperate in the pre-operation period{\crqq} was confirmed. Hypothesis 2 ``Anaesthetic nurses and nurses working at a children{\crq}s ward cooperate in the post-operation period{\crqq} was confirmed. Hypothesis 3 ``Anaesthetic nurses are interested in improvement of cooperation with nurses working at a children{\crq}s ward{\crqq} was confirmed. Hypothesis 4 ``Nurses working at a children{\crq}s ward are interested in improvement of cooperation with anaesthetic nurses{\crqq} was confirmed. The qualitative subpart revealed that cooperation between nurses influenced satisfaction of a child{\crq}s needs in the concerned periods. The findings of this diploma thesis may be used by children{\crq}s and anaesthetic nurses or by other persons interested in this issue for the sake of better preparation of a child for the operation period, better satisfaction of a child{\crq}s needs in the concerned period, and provision of more comprehensive care in the period in general.

A number of factors can disrupt cooperation between members of nursing and medical teams that can lead to conflicts. Interpersonal conflicts can manifest themselves as decreased cohesion among work teams and decreased performance of their members, which can impact the quality of nursing care. The theoretical section of the thesis contains expert knowledge in the sphere of conflicts. The objective of the research section of the thesis was to chart the sources of interpersonal conflicts at the workplace, their possible impact on the work of nurses, and nurses{\crq} stances regarding the resolution of conflicts. Quantitative research was carried out utilizing the anonymous questionnaire method to gather data. The research was carried out at the Na Homolce Hospital in four inpatient wards and one outpatient ward. Ninety-three nurses took part. We ascertained that conflicts have a negative impact on the activities of nurses, reduce their ability to concentrate on their work, decrease their attentiveness, are a source of psychosocial stress, and affect teamwork. The most frequent source of conflicts is faulty interpersonal communication. An essential finding was that nurses would like to resolve conflicts. If we resolve a conflict at its inception, this could be a source of new ideas, thinking, and issues that strengthen effective cooperation within the scope of the nursing process. The thesis has comprehensive information on the current situation in individual wards, which will have the opportunity to become acquainted with this information. It provides a summary of interrelationships, stances regarding conflicts, and the causes of conflicts from the viewpoint of nurses. The knowledge contained in the thesis should be taken into consideration and utilized when creating a new successful management of interpersonal conflicts concept.

The main theme of our thesis was the Specificity of church representants´ treatment {--} church dignitaries. We set 3 targets: 1. to allocate the specificities when treating church dignitaries of various religious directions, 2. to describe daily schedule of various religious directions, 3. to find out, how much are the church representants of various religious directions satisfied with provided health care. We devided the thesis into two parts, theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part, nurses, but even general public, can get the basic information about five religions, whose representants we can meet in our hospitals: Roman catholic, protestant, orthodoxy, judaism, islam. Within our thesis we also deal with the treatment of nuns´ treatment. Chaptres are clearly ranged, in the inroduction we always mention short world history of the particular religion, then history in Bohemia, followed by brief history and important dogmas of the particular belief. At the end of each chapter we mention daily schedule of a church dignitary and specificity of his treatment. In the practical part, we discuss the results of our research. To obtain necessary information, we used two methods. By questionnaire method, we found out the nurses´ level of knowledge about mentioned religions and their opinion concerning the necessity of a specific attitude when treating church dignitaries. The level of their knowledge was satisfactory. Hypothesis, in which we supposed that the health personnel, taking care of church representants of various religious directions, do not make any difference between them and other patients, was not after statistic elaboration confirmed. To obtain information from church dignitaries we used a method of a standard interview. After evaluation of obtained information there were following hypothesis: church representants of various religious directions are satisfied with offered health care. Upon the results of this research we recommended to insert this theme, specificity of church representants´ treatment, to curriculum of health schools (for health assistants, nurses Bachelor and nurses Master). Then also impose this theme to programs of specific conferences, retraining courses or educational seminary, in order to inform even graduated nurses about this new disscused theme. It would be also convenient, if educational institutions used more often various offers from jewish or islamic fondations, which willingly offer conferences and closer approach to the particular religion. Nurses should be motivated to get new information about various religions in order to be generally more cultivated, which is indispensable for a nurse.

The Thesis deals with a change of an approach of a nurse to nursing care provision after her promotion to a managerial position. A nurse appointed to the position of charge or head nurse has different responsibilities, she becomes a manager, her colleagues have suddenly become her subordinates, whose work she has to organize, lead and control. A wide range of new responsibilities might change her approach to provision of nursing care. The aim of the Thesis was to discover whether and how the approach of a nurse to nursing care changes when she is appointed to a managerial position and how a nurse promoted to a managerial position achieves authority among her subordinates. The following hypotheses were chosen in relation to the aims of the Thesis. Hypothesis 1: The approach of a nurse to nursing care changes after being promoted to a managerial position. Hypothesis 2: A nurse promoted to a managerial position requires provision of nursing care in line with nursing standards. Hypothesis 3: A nurse promoted to a managerial position is responsible for nursing care quality. Further research questions were put: 1. Is it difficult for a nurse promoted to a managerial position to achieve authority among senior nurses? 2. Is it difficult for a nurse promoted to a managerial position to control nursing care provided by shift nurses? 3. Is it easier for a nurse promoted to a managerial position to organize work for shift nurses she did not work with before? Quantitative research in the form of questionnaires was applied to confirmation or refutation of the hypotheses. The research sample consisted of head and charge nurses from South Bohemian hospitals and from hospitals in Příbram and Pelhřimov. Qualitative research was organized in the form of unstructured interviews with head nurses from Hospital České Budějovice. After evaluation of the results all the three hypotheses showed confirmed. The research results confirm that an approach of a nurse changes after their promotion to a managerial position. They are much more responsible for quality work among her subordinates. The results of the work will be presented at all-house seminars and conferences and published in a specialized journal. The results will also be provided to the hospital management {--} to the Nursing Care Manager {--} and finally to the respondents involved in the research.

This thesis ascertains the influence of nursing magazines on the development of nursing. The first aim of the thesis was to perform historical analysis of nursing magazines from their emergence to the present. I would like to state on the basis of the historical analysis processed that nursing magazines do influence the development of nursing in large measure. I analyzed six nursing magazines in total {--} Diplomovaná sestra (Graduated nurse), Zdravotnická pracovnice (Health care worker), Sestra (Nurse), Ošetřovatelství (Nursing), Diagnózy v ošetřovatelství (Diagnoses in nursing), Florence. The aim was met in my opinion, which I comment further in the theoretical part. The practical part includes research results, 17 diagrams, discussion and annex. The research is quantitative, performed with the help of the technique of a questionnaire consisting of 16 questions. I can state on the base of the results that nursing magazines have influence on introduction of new nursing procedures and aids by nurses-managers into health care practice in the ward, obtained from nursing magazines.

This thesis deals with the knowledge of processes and practical skills of cardiopulmonary resuscitation among nurses working in the field of anesthesia and intensive medicine. The theoretical part of this paper defines the notion of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, deals with its history, changing definitions, and the latest recommendations. It also describes and specifies terms such as competence, knowledge of the processes and the role of the nurse in the system. The empirical part, using a questionnaire survey, assesses orientation of nurses and nurses specialists in the latest recommendations in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the related knowledge and competences in the use of resuscitation itself. The questionnaire survey was answered by 152 respondents from 3 large hospitals in Prague. There were also the results of its investigation, compared with the results of research conducted by Václav Kukol in 2010 - 2011 as part of their thesis. In the final discussion paper evaluates the confirmation of the hypotheses. Then attach the recommendations for practice.

The thesis "Working strategies of nurses on manager posts" deals with issues of the professional role and manager position of a head nurse. With regard to changes in the area of health policy and health care providing, as well as is the relationship with the issue of professional fulfilment of women on the labour market generally, it is important to know views, ambitions, and motivations of nurses, and their working strategies on managing positions. It includes aspects of harmonizing their family and work roles, as these are the moments determining the position of most women in our working conditions to a significant extent. It is to say, managing of the nursing personnel and health care is a typical feminine position in the Czech Republic, adapting to given rules of the work organization and hierarchical structure of health institutions. The purpose of the thesis is to outline such a frame of reference, which would enable to better understand values and attitudes of head nurses. An indispensable part of this outlook is to understand, how their carriers developed, to identify their managing styles and guiding of the nursing team, as well as to map how their personal and professional roles pervade and affect each other. In this process, revealing long-term working strategies of head nurses is an important source of knowledge and at the same time, an attitudinal reflexion of these contexts by nurses themselves. Therefore, the development of the role of a nurse - manager (specifically, the head nurse and the ward sister) was described as the first item in the framework of the professional live of managing nurses; and conclusions of a series of research studies, focused on these issues, were presented. Additionally, the specificity of management in the nursing conditions was analyzed, including changes after 1989, and possibilities of education of nurses - managers. Finally, an empiric probe into the explored points at issue was carried out. Data acquired by means of semi-structured interviews with selected head nurses in faculty hospitals were integrated with the help of one of classical approaches, through so-called Grounded theory method. On basis of the data analysis, a model of professional paradigm was created, demonstrating several phases of the professional career, through which a head nurse passes, which were called for illustration: Seeking of domain, Circle (changing of nursing lines and sites), Virtue of necessity (situation, where a nurse caring of a child chooses a workplace, which enables such care), and Anchoring in the nursing branch. Then, the manager's career of the nurse unwinds form the "Anchoring in the nursing branch" phase. Life stories of head nurses, built on information from qualitative interviews, include predisposing factors for a managing position. Last but not least, it is also about some imprinting aspects from the childhood and adolescence (e.g., number of siblings, reasons for the selected study). After certain time, a nurse becomes a shift leader and a deputy ward sister, and subsequently, a ward sister and a head nurse. According to circumstances, she uses a combination of several managing styles in this position, like authoritative, democratic, and consultative. The theoretical model of professional paradigm of head nurses, construed on basis of empiric data analyses, opens a trail for further investigations, where it may be possible to examine some consequences in more detail, like the course of the professional career of nurses, their managing styles, etc. The acquired and classified evidences contribute to enriching current state of knowledge of certain segments of nursing issues. For instance, the top management of health institutions may use them in planning and implementation of some policies in the area of human resources, or educational institutions may use it for better and more accurate setting of educational concepts of future head nurses.

Nowadays the status of a medical nurse represents a fairly actual topic. It is a profession where many changes had to be undertaken during a few years beginning with scholars education up to a graduation of a nurse and their responsibilities. A nurse not only plays the role of a caretaker and a helper but is also an individually thinking professional who has received a proper education and has his or her competence bound by the jurisdiction. The theoretical part focuses on the status of a nurse from the sociological viewpoint, on its development from a historical perspective, on changes taking place in the present and stretching to the future and on the trends we might expect in this profession. The practical part contains information obtained by the research which focused on the perception of the status of a nurse by patients, nurses and physicians. The aim of this graduation research was to question nurses in the Czech Republic about their contentment with their current status and explore their future visions, furthermore to obtain opinions on the topic from both patients and physicians. The H1 hypothesis was: nurses are not content with their current social status, was proved correct. The H2 hypothesis was: the ideas of a nurse about his or her future status in the society are positive was proved correct. The H3 hypothesis was: the assessment of the status of a nurse by a patient is negative, wasn´t correct. The H4 hypothesis: physicians do not follow the current status of a nurse, correct. The H5 hypothesis was: physicians do not display any interest in following the status of a nurse in the future was correct.

Title of the thesis: Specifics of the nursing care of patients with MRSA in the operating room from an anesthesiology nurse perspective. The aim of this thesis was to identify the specifics of nursing care of a patient with the MRSA in the operating room from the perspective of nurses working in the operating room. In the theoretical part focus is given to nursing care and its specifics for a patient with MRSA. Chapters relating to the regime measures, barrier nursing procedures and the use of specific aids, instruments and tools are treated in detail. The nursing care provided by anesthesia nurses and perioperative nurses in the operating room is defined. To reach the goals the quantitative research through questionnaires was chosen. The research sample consisted of anesthesia nurses and perioperative care nurses. Two types of standardized questionnaires were used, consisted of closed questions where respondents chose an appropriate answer, and from semi-open questions where respondents could specify their answers, and in one case open questions. Both questionnaires were completed by 12 test questions, where respondents had the choice of three possible answers, where one answer was correct. The results of the investigation are summarized in two types of graphs. Bar charts were used in questions where more answers were possible to mark, and for a better clarity the results were supplemented by tables. Results to other questions, where options were limited by one answer, are shown in percentages in pie graphs. Our thesis is very narrowly focused, because we concentrated on specifics of nursing care in a patient with MRSA in the operating room. We have determined the specifics of barrier nursing, nursing problems in a patient with MRSA in the operating room. We have discovered barrier nursing procedures in a patient with MRSA in the operating room. We have also succeeded in assessing the knowledge of nurses working in the operating room. The goal was met. An interesting finding was that most of anesthetic nurses and perioperative nurses had responded that the structural and technical arrangement in the operating room was not satisfactory in terms of barrier nursing of a patient with MRSA. This problem was expected, owing to the author´s experience in operating theaters. Thus Hypothesis 1 is confirmed. In total five hypotheses were stated, four of which were confirmed and one was disproved. The aim of the thesis was to draw attention to problems in the operating room during nursing a patient with MRSA. In the course of the research work there were no problems, however, it is necessary to mention the lack of literature on MRSA with regard to nursing care in operating theaters. The theoretical section of this thesis could be recommended as a resource for the education plan created on the basis of information collected and the results of this research. The results of the research survey may serve for general public, anesthesia and perioperative nurses who could benefit from the educational plan in practice while providing nursing care for a patient with MRSA.