The subject of the diploma thesis is unilateral nephrectomy from the point of view of the patient. The work is divided into a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part focuses on kidney diseases, the nephrectomy problems from the patient's as well as the nurse´s perspective, and further on the role of nurses. . The second part is research. The research was realized in urological departments in selected hospitals of South Bohemia. For the research was selected qualitative research was conducted through semi-structured interview with two sets of research. The first experimental group consisted of 10 patients after nephrectomy, five respondents after classical open nephrectomy and five after laparoscopic nephrectomy. The second experimental group consisted of 10 nurses working in the urology department of the bed. This thesis diploma was focused on the experiences (feelings) or if at how the patient perceives surgical removal of the kidney. We wanted to know how is the issue seen from the perspective of a patient who is in the hospital experiencing a number of concerns and negative emotions. We also investigated whether a different view of nurses and patients on the issue exists. We have identified three objectives and six esearch questions for this work. The first objective was to determine how the patient perceives urological unilateral nephrectomy. The second objective was to determine what are the most common fears which faces the urology patient before and after surgery. The third objective was to determine what proportion of the nurse to patient information. The first research question was how the patient perceives urological unilateral nephrectomy. The second research question was, how urological patient after unilateral nephrectomy perceive their body image. The third research question was, what are the most common concerns of the patient before surgery. Further, patients who often address their concerns. The fifth research question was how the nurse involved in patient awareness. The last research question was, how often nurse informs the patient. The results of the diploma thesis can serve to nurses when working with urological patients and for the improvement of the nursing care for them. We have created an information map that can serve to patients as an assistant, through which they can prepare themselves for the entire course of hospitalization.

Nursing develops and becomes a field with scientific base and well-educated employees. Thanks to that, nursing care is safer and of better quality. Nurses obtain prestige, importance and autonomy. The aim of this thesis is to map haw the nurses perceive their the features and skills and what is the view of patients of the same features and skills of nurses. The research was performed using the quantitative method in the form of a non-standardised questionnaire. The research was aimed at opinion of nurses and patients and so the first research set consisted of general nurses and the second set consisted of patients of hospital wards and ambulances. There were used two types of questionnaires ? one of them designed for general nurses and the other one for patients. The questionnaires contained identical questions so as we could perform a comparative analysis of answers from nurses and patients. The data analysis proved that general nurses assess their practical and communication skills better than the patients. It was also established that patients consider the communication skills of nurses to be the most important skill, while nurses stated for their practical skills to be the most important part of nursing care. When comparing the results, significant differences were established in answers of both of the groups. It concerned mainly the field of communication skills of nurses. The patients selected negative answers to questions whether nurses ask the patients for their opinions and whether the nurses know how to communicate with families of nurses. The negative findings confirmed that the communication field remains to be a problem in nursing and that more attention should be paid to it. It is significant to train the communication skills of nurses.

This diploma thesis deals with the possibilities of further education in the agencies of domiciliary care. This is a very current topic. Like any other profession, the nursing profession requires a particular education. The development of the new methods in the medical treatment and home care demands more thorough and specialised education of the nurses employed by the domiciliary-care agencies. The aim of the thesis was to find out the present situation of the nurses´ education in the domiciliary-care agencies, the professional specialisation of nurses, the possibilities of education, the nurses´ need of further education and the employers´ willingness to enable the nurses of the agencies to take part in the further education in their field. It can be said that the aims of the research have been fulfilled.

Now that the nursing process, along with good-quality nursing documentation, is being introduced into all areas of patient care, the need arises to document work of perioperative nurses in the operating theatre. Perioperative documentation is entirely different from nursing documentation, not only in terms of processing but also in terms of scope.This thesis consists of two parts: Theoretical and Empirical. The Theoretical focuses on the general issue of medical documentation used at the various hospital departments. The aim of the work was to (1) map current situation in the area of perioperative documentation at selected hospitals; (2) ascertain which components perioperative documentation is composed of; (3) find the opinion of nurses on the use of perioperative documentation; and (4) set up perioperative documentation. The research part of the thesis was a combination of quantitative and qualitative survey. For the quantitative survey, questionnaires were prepared and distributed to perioperative nurses working in operating theatres of hospitals throughout the Czech Republic. Two hypotheses were proposed. 1. Perioperative documentation is maintained at operating theatres. 2. Nurses consider perioperative documentation useful. Qualitative examination consisted in comparative analysis of perioperative documentation folders. The research set consisted of six perioperative documentation folders obtained from hospitals throughout the Czech Republic. Answers to the following three questions were sought: (1) Is perioperative documentation used at operating theatres? (2) Which parts is perioperative documentation composed of? (3) Does perioperative documentation comply with applicable legislation? The results were analyzed and processed into tables and graphs. The results show that nurses use perioperative documentation at operating theatres. From the research it follows that the processing of the perioperative folders is not fully compliant with applicable legislation. Although mandatory data are included in the vast majority of perioperative folders, the nursing process, as the information which is most important for nursing care, is missing from all of the perioperative folders analyzed. Despite this, nurses consider perioperative documentation useful, not only from the medical aspect but also from the legal, financial and informative aspects. The results of this research may stimulate creation of a unified model of perioperative documentation. This work may also serve as information material for students of medical disciplines.

The diploma work deals with the proffesional development of the first graduates of bachelor studies The General Nurse at The Faculty of Health and Social Studies of the University of South Bohemia since their graduation till the present. The goal of this work was to ascertain the opinions about the bachelor studies of the discipline General Nurse at the The Faculty of Health and Social Studies of the University of South Bohemia, namely of the first graduates of this discipline. The goal was to find out, how the studies and their succesfull graduation affected their proffesional career and social credit. Moreover to ascertain the attitude of the first graduates of the discipline The General Nurse at the The Faculty of Health and Social Studies of the University of South Bohemia to follow-up master's degree study Nursing care by selected clinical branches at The University of South Bohemia. The diploma work is divided into two parts ? the theoretic and empiric. The theoretic part deals with nursing and the conclusive part is educational. It includes the history and equipment of the nursing and the education of nurses in the Czech Republic, afterwards the problems of the profession of nurses and the related legislation . The educational part deals with the attitude as a social problem and the evaluation of the university education of the students themselves. In the empiric part of the diploma work were chosen both the quantitive and qualitative methods of an investigation research. The quantitive research had the form of a anonymous questionnaire for the first graduates of bachelor studies The General Nurse at The Faculty of Health and Social Studies of the University of South Bohemia. There were determined four assumptions. The results of the investigation have been processed into charts and tables. For the qualitative part of the survey research has been used in-depth unstructured interview, which was realised with the selected graduates. The results of the qualitative investigation have been adapted in the form of transcription of the interview. The results of this work can be used as an informational materiál for students and tutors of The Department of Nursing at The Faculty of Health and Social Studies of the University of South Bohemia. The results can help to be well informed in the education of nurses and to realise, which field of study needs to be strengthened.

The diploma is focused on Ethical aspects of nursing care from the perspective of staff providing nursing care in the intensive care units and long-term intensive care units. We were also interested in respondent?s knowledge in the field of ethical principles in biomedicine and their legislation. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part describes nursing care of the mechanically ventilated patients, short history of medical ethics and current status of the ethics in biomedicine. The investigative part was implemented by combination of a quantitative and a qualitative research. For the quantitative part of the investigation we used the method of questioning by a questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 20 questions, 10 closed questions, 8 half-opened questions and 2 open questions which offered to show a personal opinion. Questionnaires were anonymous. Respondents that were asked were workers providing nursing care in the intensive care units and long-term intensive care units. The first goal of the diploma was to find out respondents point of view on nursing care in patients on long term mechanical ventilation. The second goal was to find out the most important ethical problems in providing nursing care in this category of patients. The last goal of the diploma was to find out respondents knowledge of codes of ethics and legislation. For the quantitative research we had two hypotheses: 1. There are ethical problems related to providing nursing care in patients on long term mechanical ventilation. This hypothesis was verified, because statistically significant majority of respondents said, that there are ethical problems related to providing nursing care in this category of patients. 2. The nurses´ approach to patients on long term mechanical ventilation is different in the intensive care units and long term intensive care units. This hypothesis was verified, because there were statistically significant differences between answers of respondents providing nursing care in intensive care units and long term intensive care units. For the qualitative research we used the technique of half-structured interview offering open questions. Into the research file was involved 10 nurses, 5 from intensive care units and 5 from long term intensive care units. There were set three investigatory questions. 1. What opinion has respondents about nursing care in patients on long term mechanical ventilation? The investigation showed that nurses have the same attitude to long term ventilated paitents as in the case of patients on acute short term mechanical ventilation. 2. What are the most serious ethical problems related to nursing long term mechanical ventilated patients? The research found out the most serious ethical problems related to long term mechanical ventilation from the point view of a nursing staff. These are preservation of human dignity and prolonging medically futile treatment. 3. What awareness of basic ethical principles and their legislation the respondents have? The investigation showed that nurses have poor knowledge of the issue. The results confirm the current situation of this issue. Based on the results of our research, we prepared educational brochure draft, which could help to facilitate orientation in this field.

Pain is one of the first symptoms that alert you to the various diseases. It affects and reduces the quality of patient?s life and their physical, mental and emotional abilities. It depends on man how feels the pain, how succumbs to it or how much affects him. But the pain cannot be clearly quantified. The medical staffs often underestimate patient´s intensity, character and process of pain. As a result, the patients are more reserved in relation to the medical staffs. Unfortunately, there is an increase of dissatisfaction which is in conflict with the progress of their treatment. And there should be the nurses for contact with patients when they want it. Especially the nurses are the mediator between the patient and the doctor; thereby they perform the important roles in the health care centres. On the other hand, the patient care is very difficult. Therefore it was important to determine the quantity of nurse´s work in the pain management institutions, particularly the pain management clinics, an affect their psyche, an attitude to patients, their view of the pain management institutions, including information about the pain management clinics processing, the methods and the provided care. There were determined six aims: to find out the most common diagnosis and methods of pain treatment in the pain management institutions, as well as how nurses perceive the patients and care for their mental status in the pain management clinics, the daily routines which the nurses recommend to the patients and finally find out information about the pain management institutions in the Czech Republic. Based on the aims there were determined six research questions. Firstly, what is the most common diagnosis in the pain management clinic? Secondly, what are the most common methods for pain treatment? Thirdly, how are successful the methods of pain treatment by nurses? Fourth, how nurses perceive the patients of pain treatment clinics? Fifthly, how nurses care for patient´s mental status in the pain treatment clinic? Sixthly, what daily routine nurses recommend to the patients with pain treatment? The results showed that patients have often the chronic back pain in the pain management clinics in Pardubice region. In addition, there are the post-traumatic conditions, the pain associated with shingles, the post-operative pain, the joint pain and the pain associated with cancer.

In the Czech Republic the Romani minority is a numerous as well as often discussed minority in these days. As one of the largest minorities in the Czech Republic is involved, not only nurses in health care facilities but also nurses working for home-care agencies meet members of the Romani minority at work. For a Romani family it is almost a duty to take care for their ill and dying relatives at home in a family circle. This care still bears elements of Romani tradition, which however often contravene with treatment regime. Despite this fact nurses from home-care agencies have good experience with taking care for Romani patients, and sometimes certain Romanies accept the use of home-care agency services. These theses on Specific Features of Nursing Care for Romani Minority in the Framework of Home-care Agencies deals in its theoretical part with a history, communication, religion, traditions and manner of living of Romani minority, further it focuses on history and scope of activities of home-care agencies, on ethics of dying and death in health-care facilities and on basic information in the field of palliative care. The second part of the theses is focused on quantitative and qualitative research. The quantitative research has been carried out in a form of a questionnaire addressed to nurses working in home-care agencies. Seventy one nurses from selected home-care agencies from the whole Czech Republic took part in this research. Qualitative research was carried out through structured interviews with 15 members of Romani minorities. Tasks of the work: to ascertain extent of use of services of home-care agencies by Romani minority, and to determine specific features of nursing care for dying member of the Romani ethnicity were fulfilled. Three hypotheses were determined to such tasks ? H1: Nurses from home-care agencies have already provided services to members of Romani ethnicity. H2: The Romani minority uses services of home-care agencies. H3: Nurses from home-care agencies are aware of specific features of nursing care for Romani minority. Hypotheses H1 and H2 were accepted. H3 was not accepted, as from the statistical evaluation of quantitative research it follows that nurses are not aware of specific features of nursing care. The following research questions were determined for the qualitative research: Are the members of Romani ethnicity aware of a possibility to receive help from home-care agencies in care for a dying family member? Are the members of Romani minority interested in help offered by nurses from home-care agencies in nursing of a dying family member? Results of the research of these theses were used for creation of a manual of specific features of nursing care for a dying Romani patient. The manual was sent to selected home-care agencies. Information contained in the manual may serve to nurses in an out-patient and patient departments of health-care facilities as well, as knowledge in the field of care for a member of the Romani minority dying at home may help such nurses to understand acting, communication, manner of living as well as life values of such patients at hospitalization. The whole theses may also serve in practice as an indicator of insufficient foreknowledge of the Romani minority on services of home-care agencies and necessity to spread information on such services to the Romani ethnicity.

The dissertation deals with holistic approach of nursing staff of the Rescue Service by providing pszchosicial support and crisis communication to the survivors or direct sudden death participants from nurse´s }member of the Rescue Service team]perspective. The goal of the dissertation has been 1. To detect problems which nursing staff members of the Rescue Service are prepared for communication with the survivors.

This Diploma thesis is focused on the issue of nursing care of acute abdominal pain in children under six years old. The abdominal pain of children can be the first symptom of an acute abdominal pain which can directly endanger a child´s life. Neglecting these troubles can lead to great health problems of a complicated character. Four research goals were set within the research. The first objective was to find specifics of acute abdominal pains of children up to six years old. The second objective was to find possible results of acute abdominal pains in children under six years old in the post-operative period. The third goal was to monitor the issue of acute abdominal pains in childhood from the point of view of a nurse and the fourth should have found the knowledge of parents about acute abdomeninal pains in childhood. The Diploma thesis strived to penetrate into the issue of this large chapter of acute medicine, highlight its specifics related to acute abdominal pains in childhood and find out how parents are informed about the existence of this type of illness. To complete the objectives of this Diploma thesis, we used a qualitative research model. This research was done by the technique of a semi-structured interview. The first research group consisted of eight nurses working in a standard paediatric ward or in a paediatric ward of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The second group consisted of parents, specifically mothers who responded based on their knowledge and general awareness gained. A technique of open coding a method of pencil and paper was used for processing the results of these interviews. Seven research questions were set: 1. What are the specifics of nursing care in acute abdominal pain in childhood? 2. What medical complications appear during acute abdominal pain in childhood? 3. What are the specifics of pre-operative and post-operative care in acute abdominal pain in childhood? 4. What is the post-operative period in children with acute abdominal pain? 5. What results can appear in acute abdominal pain in childhood? 6. How do nurses see the issue of sudden acute abdominal pain in childhood? 7. What is the parents´ knowledge about acute abdominal pains in childhood? Within the process of this Diploma thesis, a booklet was created. This should serve as information material for parents, which will help them to explain various terms and potential situations within this extensive diagnosis. This booklet will be at disposal in day nurseries and the outpatient department of the paediatric ward in České Budějovice.