The untreated overflow of combined sewer system contains a variety of pollutants that can contaminate the receiving water body. Total suspended solids (TSS) transported in the sewer networks can adsorb these pollutants and become the main contaminant source. Existing models contain a numerous formulas that make the calculation process complex and time consuming. A simplified model was presented in this thesis to simulate the process of TSS transport in combined sewer pipes. The combined sewer system evaluated was a combination of an existing sewer system in Le Marais and an example system provided with the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). SWMM was used in this research to simulate the rainfall event, pollutant build-up and wash-off process, and to provide hydraulic calculations for the combined sewer system. A spreadsheet model was created to calculate the TSS concentration profile and flow velocity profile. The total TSS transport rate was computed using a numerical estimation of the integral of the concentration in the cross-section area multiplied by the velocity. The flow depth, velocity, and Froude number of each pipe was calculated to show that the combined sewer system was under proper working conditions. The first flush phenomenon was observed by plotting the TSS concentration pollutograph of the combined sewer system. From the TSS transport pollutograph, the maximum transport rate was found (0.2609 kg/s at 6:45). The study of TSS profile showed that the concentration distribution was based on the solid density. The TSS particle also affected the transport rate. A sensitivity analysis of particle size was conducted in this thesis. A second order polynomial was used to describe the relationship between median particle size d50¬ ¬and TSS transport rate.

Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Erosionsverhalten von Sedimenten in Mischkanalisationen. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine Apparatur für in-situ-Untersuchungen entwickelt, gebaut und kalibriert. Damit wurden erstmals Erosionsmessungen an echten, ungestörten Kanalsedimenten im großen Umfang durchgeführt. Hierbei wurde die kritische Sohlschubspannung als Kenngröße für die Sedimentstabilität anhand von etablierten und einer neu entwickelten Methode aus den Messdaten gewonnen. Die Kanalsedimente zeigen ein ausgeprägt kohäsives Erosionsverhalten im untersuchten Kanal und verhalten sich somit wie Sedimente in natürlichen Gewässern. Mit Einschränkungen kann folglich auf die umfangreichen Erfahrungen im Bereich der marinen, ästuarinen und fluvialen Sedimente zurückgegriffen werden. Die auf diesem Gebiet untersuchten Einflussfaktoren wurden auf Grundlage einer umfassenden Literaturrecherche hinsichtlich ihrer Relevanz für den Bereich der Kanalsedimente bewertet. Die Vielzahl der in Frage kommenden Einflussfaktoren sowie das sich hieraus abzeichnende Geflecht aus den Wechselwirkungen der Einflussfaktoren untereinander macht diese Thematik sehr komplex und das tatsächliche Erosionsverhalten schwer vorhersagbar. In-situ-Untersuchungen stellen daher einen essentiellen Grundstein für die Entwicklung eines allgemeingültigen Erosionsmodells dar. / The present work studies the sediment erosion in combined sewers. For this purpose, an in-situ instrument was developed, constructed and calibrated. For the first time, such an instrument was used to perform erosion measurements on real, undisturbed sewer sediments on a large scale. In the analysis, the bottom shear stress was used as an indicator for the sediment stability applying established methods and also a newly developed one. The sediments in the investigated sewer show a distinct cohesive erosion behavior. Hence, they behave similar to sediments in natural waters. Therefore, one can with some limitations use the extensive experience in the field of marine, estuarine, and fluvial sediments. The influences studied in that field were evaluated according to their relevance for sewer sediments in a extensive literature research. Due to the large number of influence factors in addition to their interactions, this topic is very complex and the actual erosion behavior difficult to predict. Hence, in-situ studies are a essential foundation for the development of a general model for sediment erosion.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to research the possibilities of an odor regulation in a sewerage system. The first part of the thesis is devoted to legislation in sewege odor problematics. The second part includes description of the cause of the odor and methodology related to a hydrogen sulfide elimination either from sewerage atmosphere or straight from waste water. The next part examines the results of a survey, which was given to operators of the sewerage system. The survey examined the cause of an odor, its control and possible solutions of an odor in a sewerage system. Practical part is devoted to a given geographical area, where these problems have occurred the past. In this area the measuring of hydrogen sulfide presence took place by adding chemicals into waste water. From the collected data an evaluation was made. This can serve as a possible recommendation to sewege operators.

La presente investigación tiene por objetivo realizar un diseño del sistema de alcantarillado para la zona de Rinconada Pamplona Alta, que se encuentra ubicada en el distrito San Juan de Miraflores, el cual no cuenta con cobertura de un sistema de desagüe en la zona que les permita tener una adecuada calidad de vida a los pobladores y disminuir la contaminación. Debido a esto se propone realizar un diseño del sistema de alcantarillado usando el programa SewerCAD, con el fin de realizar diferentes proyectos y obtener los parámetros hidráulico de las distintas redes de distribución. Se presentan propuestas con tres tipos de materiales PVC, HDPE y Concreto que cumplan con la normativa OS.070. Finalmente, se realizó la evaluación económica costo efectividad y se concluyó que la Propuesta 1 PVC es la mejor opción, ya que presenta el menor índice de efectividad , lo cual asegurar la viabilidad de la propuesta. / The objective of this research is to design the sewer system for the Rinconada Pamplona Alta area, which is located in the San Juan de Miraflores district, which does not have a drainage system in the area that allows them have an adequate quality of life for residents and reduce pollution. Due to this, it is proposed to make a design with the purpose of carrying out of the sewerage system using the SewerCAD program, carry out different projects and obtain the hydraulic parameters of the different distribution networks. The proposals are presented with three types of PVC, HDPE, and concrete materials that comply with OS.070 rule. Finally, the economic evaluation of cost – effectiveness was carried out. It was concluded that first type of proposel, PVC, is the best option , since it presents the lowest effectiveness rate, which guarantees the viability of the proposal. / Tesis

No description available.

This work determines a suitable value for a dispersion coefficient to be used in the One-Dimensional Advection-Dispersion equation to model dispersion within sewer collection systems. Dispersion coefficients for sewer systems have only recently begun to be studied, and there is not yet an established value that is commonly accepted. The work described in this paper aimed, through observational study, to find a suitable value to be used. Salt tracers were placed in two separate reaches of sewer line. The first line studied was a straight, linear reach of sewer that included three manholes. The tracer was placed in the first manhole and the conductivity was measured at the two consecutive manholes downstream. These measurements were compared to a model developed using the 1D Advection-Dispersion Equation. The flow information and sewer network geometry was used in the model and the dispersion coefficient was adjusted to find a best fit. It was found that a value of 0.18 m2/s for the dispersion coefficient provided the best statistical match. The next reach of sewer that was studied was a reach with a 90 degree angle. This section was chosen to observe the effect that mixing has on dispersion, because of the change in direction of flow. The same procedure was applied, and an optimal dispersion coefficient of 0.22 m2/s was found. These values represent optimal dispersion coefficients under a specific set of conditions. It should not be assumed that they will provide accurate results in all circumstances, but are rather a base point for average flows under dry, stable conditions. Using these values inferences can begin to be made about dispersion characteristics throughout the entire sewer network. This can lead to specific engineering applications, and well as applications in other fields of study.

<p>  </p> <p>The maintenance of a healthy sewer infrastructure is a major challenge due to the root damages from nearby plants that grow through pipe cracks or loose joints, which may lead to serious pipe blockages and collapse. Traditional inspections based on video surveillance to identify and localize root damages within such complex sewer networks are inefficient, laborious, and error-prone. Therefore, this study aims to develop a robust and efficient approach to automatically detect root damages and localize their circumferential and longitudinal positions in CCTV inspection videos by applying deep neural networks and computer vision techniques. With twenty inspection videos collected from various resources, keyframes were extracted from each video according to the difference in a LUV color space with certain selections of local maxima. To recognize distance information from video subtitles, OCR models such as Tesseract and CRNN-CTC were implemented and led to a 90% of recognition accuracy. In addition, a pre-trained segmentation model was applied to detect root damages, but it also found many false positive predictions. By applying a well-tuned YoloV3 model on the detection of pipe joints leveraging the Convex Hull Overlap (<em>CHO</em>) feature, we were able to achieve a 20% improvement on the reliability and accuracy of damage identifications. Moreover, an end-to-end deep learning pipeline that involved Triangle Similarity Theorem (<em>TST</em>) was successfully designed to predict the longitudinal position of each identified root damage. The prediction error was less than 1.0 feet. </p>

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The maintenance of a healthy sewer infrastructure is a major challenge due to the root damages from nearby plants that grow through pipe cracks or loose joints, which may lead to serious pipe blockages and collapse. Traditional inspections based on video surveillance to identify and localize root damages within such complex sewer networks are inefficient, laborious, and error-prone. Therefore, this study aims to develop a robust and efficient approach to automatically detect root damages and localize their circumferential and longitudinal positions in CCTV inspection videos by applying deep neural networks and computer vision techniques. With twenty inspection videos collected from various resources, keyframes were extracted from each video according to the difference in a LUV color space with certain selections of local maxima. To recognize distance information from video subtitles, OCR models such as Tesseract and CRNN-CTC were implemented and led to a 90% of recognition accuracy. In addition, a pre-trained segmentation model was applied to detect root damages, but it also found many false positive predictions. By applying a well-tuned YoloV3 model on the detection of pipe joints leveraging the Convex Hull Overlap (CHO) feature, we were able to achieve a 20% improvement on the reliability and accuracy of damage identifications. Moreover, an end-to-end deep learning pipeline that involved Triangle Similarity Theorem (TST) was successfully designed to predict the longitudinal position of each identified root damage. The prediction error was less than 1.0 feet.

No description available.

No description available.