Thesis (M.Ed.)--York University, 2008. Graduate Programme in Education. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 127-132). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR45946

I shall argue in this thesis that Zakes Mda's novels Ways of Dying (l995a) and She Plays with the Darkness (1995b) are magic realist texts that are representative of the hybrid nature of this literary mode. Furthermore I shall demonstrate that Ways of Dying (l995a) and She Plays with the Darkness (1995b) share common elements with a variety of magic realist texts. Mda's own creative and literary consciousness has been shaped by an intellectual background stemming from tertiary education at Ph.D level, his teaching positions at various international universities, and his knowledge of African folk-culture. The seemingly contesting streams of Western education and African mysticism are not presented as sources of conflict in Mda's novels, but rather as syncretic forces of potential transformative power. Mda displays in his project as a novelist, the continuing concerns of black writers who saw the novel as a tool for socio-political change. My thesis therefore also investigates the extent to which Mda's use of magic realism in the novels mentioned above, signals a radical shift in literary representation by South African black writers who wrote in English. Mda's novels transcend Black Consciousness-inspired protest that characterised black literature in the 1970's and 1980's. His use of tropes associated with magic realism, African folk-culture, the apocalyptic and carnivalesque has enabled him to create a discursive space for South African black writers on the international stage, and foregrounds a movement towards literature that offers opposition to being classified as merely ''black writing". The death of the old order in South Africa and the birth of a new one, invites questioning and analysis of the position of the self during a period of cataclysmic change. That the apocalypse brings with it both death and renewal could be seen within the context of post modernist visions of the erosion of the self and death as the ultimate reality. Mda's novels, Ways of Dying (l995a) and She Plays with the Darkness (1995b), are the first English narratives by a South Afiican black author that can claim affinities with postcolonial writers such as Carpentier, Marquez, Okri and Rushdie. These writers reflect in their narratives, the infinite possibilities of magic realism in reclaiming the self submerged by the colonial experience. I shall attempt, in Chapter One, a survey of specific theoretical assumptions relevant to magic realism. Chapter Two will provide biographical details of Zakes Mda the playwright, poet, theatre practitioner, film producer and novelist and the importance of magic realism in his writings. Chapter Three is an analysis of Mda's published plays and points to the early uses of elements consistent with magic realism in his work. Chapters Four and Five are investigations into Mda's use of magic realism in Ways of Dying (1995) and She Plays with the Darkness (1995), respectively. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Durban-Westville, 1998.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of History, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

Αντικείμενο της παρούσας εργασίας αποτελεί η εφαρμογή του μοντέλου βροχής-απορροής MIKE-SHE στο ορεινό τμήμα της λεκάνης του Γλαύκου. Σκοπός της μελέτης ήταν η διαμόρφωση της εσωτερικής δομής του MIKE-SHE έτσι ώστε να προσομοιώνει την διαδικασία της απορροής στην λεκάνη του Γλαύκου, η βαθμονόμηση των παραμέτρων του και η σύγκριση των αποτελεσμάτων των μοντέλων βροχής-απορροής MIKE-SHE και ENNS (Nachtnebel et al., 1993). Η ρύθμιση του μοντέλου ENNS πραγματοποιήθηκε στα πλαίσια της εργασίας των Kaleris and Langousis (2012). Ειδικότερα, στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο της εργασίας καθορίζεται η περιοχή μελέτης, τα χαρακτηριστικά της και τα δεδομένα εισαγωγής στο υδρολογικό μοντέλο MIKE SHE. Τα μορφολογικά χαρακτηριστικά αποτελούν η γεωμετρία, η γεωλογία και οι χρήσεις γης της λεκάνης απορροής. Επιπλέον παρουσιάζονται τα διαθέσιμα δεδομένα(βροχόπτωση, θερμοκρασία, μετρημένη απορροή) και η αξιολόγησή τους Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο περιγράφεται η αδρομερής μορφή του μοντέλου MIKE-SHE, η οποία χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την προσομοίωση. Για τις επιμέρους διαδικασίες επιλέχτηκαν οι εξής τρόποι υπολογισμού: η επιφανειακή ροή υπολογίζεται με την εξίσωση του Manning, η ροή στην ακόρεστη ζώνη με την μέθοδο του υδατικού ισοζυγίου (απλοποιημένη ροή μέσω μακροπόρων και μοντέλο κατείσδυσης Green and Ampt) και η υπεδάφια απορροή με τη μέθοδο του γραμμικού ταμιευτήρα. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο περιγράφεται η διαδικασία βαθμονόμησης των παραμέτρων του μοντέλου MIKE-SHE και παρουσιάζονται οι αναλύσεις ευαισθησίας των σημαντικότερων παραμέτρων του μοντέλου. Η ανάλυση ευαισθησίας για τον προσδιορισμό των τιμών των παραμέτρων του μοντέλου MIKE-SHE πραγματοποιήθηκε για την περίοδο 1984-1989, καθώς ο λόγος ΕΤ/Ρ δεν παρουσιάζει μεγάλες διακυμάνσεις για τις χρονιές αυτές. Οι βέλτιστες τιμές των παραμέτρων για την ρύθμιση του μοντέλου MIKE-SHE, οι οποίες προέκυψαν για την ανωτέρω χρονική περίοδο, εφαρμόστηκαν για την προσομοίωση της απορροής και τις υπόλοιπες χρονιές. Στο τέταρτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα του μοντέλου MIKE-SHE σε σύγκριση με εκείνα του μοντέλου βροχής-απορροής ENNS. Αρχικά, συγκρίνεται η συνολική απορροή των δυο μοντέλων μεταξύ τους και με την μετρημένη και εν συνεχεία, συγκρίνονται οι επιμέρους υδρολογικές συνιστώσες του υδρολογικού ισοζυγίου των δυο μοντέλων. Στο τελευταίο κεφάλαιο, παρουσιάζονται συνοπτικά τα συμπεράσματα, τα οποία εξήχθησαν από την σύγκριση των δυο μοντέλων αλλά και από την γενική συμπεριφορά του μοντέλου MIKE-SHE. / The subject of my thesis is the application of the rainfall-runoff model MIKE-SHE in the mountainous part of Glafkos’s basin. The aim of this study is to calibrate the model and to compare the simulations of MIKE-SHE with corresponding simulations of ENNS (Nachtnebel et al., 1993). The simulations with ENNS have been presented by Kaleris and Langousis (2012). Specifically, in the first chapter the study area and its characteristics (morphology, geometry, geology), the available data for the runoff simulations (rainfall, temperature, measured runoff) and their evaluation are presented. In the second chapter is described the structure of the model MIKE-SHE. For the simulation of the individual processes the following concepts are used in MIKE-SHE: the surface flow is calculated using the equation of Manning and for the flow in the unsaturated zone the two-layer water balance method (simplified flow through macropores and infiltration model Green and Ampt) has been used. Finally, for the subsurface runoff the linear reservoir’s equations has been used. In the third chapter the parameters varied in the calibration of MIKE-SHE and the sensitivity of the runoff with respect to these parameters have been presented. By means of the sensitivity analysis the most important parameters, which have been varied for the model calibration have been selected. The fourth chapter presents the results of the MIKE-SHE calibration and their comparison with the results of the rainfall-runoff model ENNS. Particularly, this chapter contains the comparison of the simulated hydrographs of the total runoff with the corresponding measured hydrographs and the hydrographs resulting from ENNS, as well as the comparison of the other water budget components resulting from the two models. The last chapter summarizes the conclusions which are drawn from the comparison of the two models and the evaluation of the behavior of the model MIKE-SHE.

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The Florida Everglades has a long history of anthropogenic changes which have impacted the quantity and quality of water entering the system. Since the construction of Tamiami Trail in the 1920's, overland flow to the Florida Everglades has decreased significantly, impacting ecosystems from the wetlands to the estuary. The MIKE Marsh Model of Everglades National Park (M3ENP) is a numerical model, which simulates Everglades National Park (ENP) hydrology using MIKE SHE/MIKE 11software. This model has been developed to determine the parameters that effect Everglades hydrology and understand the impact of specific flow changes on the hydrology of the system. As part of the effort to return flows to the historical levels, several changes to the existing water management infrastructure have been implemented or are in the design phase. Bridge construction scenarios were programed into the M3ENP model to review the effect of these structural changes and evaluate the potential impacts on water levels and hydroperiods in the receiving Northeast Shark Slough ecosystem. These scenarios have shown critical water level increases in an area which has been in decline due to low water levels. Results from this work may help guide future decisions for restoration designs. Excess phosphorus entering Everglades National Park in South Florida may promote the growth of more phosphorus-opportunistic species and alter the food chain from the bottom up. Two phosphorus transport methods were developed into the M3ENP hydrodynamic model to determine the factors affecting phosphorus transport and the impact of bridge construction on water quality. Results showed that while phosphorus concentrations in surface waters decreased overall, some areas within ENP interior may experience an increase in phosphorus loading which the addition of bridges to Tamiami Trail. Finally, phosphorus data and modeled water level data was used to evaluate the spectral response of Everglades vegetation to increasing phosphorus availability using Landsat imagery.

This critical review of four novels by Celia Brayfield, Getting Home, Mister Fabulous And Friends, Heartswap and Wild Weekend, outlines the themes that give the works defining coherence, which are a feminist evaluation of gender roles and an exploration of the relationship between space or place in millennial Britain. The author contextualises her novels in considering literary representations of the suburb in literature and use of the device of gender reversal in fiction. The review demonstrates that the novels make a significant and coherent contribution to knowledge as resonant and well-received creative works and provides an assessment of their international and national impact. In discussing the inspiration and influences of her work, her choices in characterisation, narrative and dramatised argument, and in particular her decision to create responses to two classic texts using the device of gender reversal, the author justifies the overarching approach and methodologies used for these novels.

An integrated surface-subsurface hydrological model of Everglades National Park (ENP) was developed using MIKE SHE and MIKE 11 modeling software. The model has a resolution of 400 meters, covers approximately 1050 square miles of ENP, includes 110 miles of drainage canals with a variety of hydraulic structures, and processes hydrological information, such as evapotranspiration, precipitation, groundwater levels, canal discharges and levels, and operational schedules. Calibration was based on time series and probability of exceedance for water levels and discharges in the years 1987 through 1997. Model verification was then completed for the period of 1998 through 2005. Parameter sensitivity in uncertainty analysis showed that the model was most sensitive to the hydraulic conductivity of the regional Surficial Aquifer System, the Manning's roughness coefficient, and the leakage coefficient, which defines the canal-subsurface interaction. The model offers an enhanced predictive capability, compared to other models currently available, to simulate the flow regime in ENP and to forecast the impact of topography, water flows, and modifying operation schedules.

abstract: Combining the rapid development of semiconductor technologies, miniaturization of integrated circuits (ICs), and scaling down the device size is trending towards faster, cheaper, and more reliable components for low-power integrated circuits. Most research and development relate to efficiency, structure, materials, and performance. However, the thermal problem is also created and becomes more critical with shrinking device dimensions and increased integration densities, such that it affects the device performance and leads to degradation and damage. At the nanometer scale, the self-heating effect (SHE) is one of the main factors to degrade devices. Therefore, tracking and quantifying the SHE is important for reliability and efficiency issues. In this dissertation, engineers design two identical and closely spaced 40nm gate length silicon-on-insulator (SOI) n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor-field-effect transistors (NMOSFETs) that share a common source with the same active silicon region. One of the MOSFETs acts as a heater to heat-up the active region, while the other one is a thermometer to evaluate the SHE and local temperature changes. The thermometer provides a method to calibrate the numerical models of self-heating and track the heat flow. Moreover, it also involves a trap-rich SOI wafer technology, in which a trap-rich layer, with higher resistivity and lower thermal conductivity compared to conventional bulk silicon substrates. The trap-rich SOI substrates can reduce the cross-talk and minimize the power consumption to increase the system performance. In particular, it offers a solution to radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs) which require fast switching and low leakage. In high power amplifier (PA) applications, Watt-level PAs operates at less than 50% efficiency because of temperature limitations. The author uses experimental measurements of the local temperature changes, combined with simulations to examine the heat flow and temperature distribution. The approach may be useful to build a self-test application, because it can quantify the temperature changes by putting one or multiple NMOSFET thermometers around a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) power amplifier, while only adding minimum die area. It points to ways in which it can optimize the reliability of RFIC applications, which operate under high-temperature or high-power conditions to protect the device before it is overheated or damaged. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Electrical Engineering 2020

Origin of the survey: During the latter half of the year 1921, Professor Paul Monroe, of Teachers College, Columbia University, working under the auspices of the Chinese National Association for the Advancement of Education made an extensive tour in China for the purpose of lecturing on educational administration, and making a critical investigation of the schools and higher institutions. Professor Monroe discovered many serious defects in the system of education, and pointed out with particular emphasis the weakness and inadequacy of the science instruction, and the urgent need for improving it.