Research on Fiscal Thought and Practice of Deng,Siao-Ping Cai,Ding-Nan Abstract To utilize the Document Analysis Method and the Historical Study Method, I research and detect the sources of Deng, Siao-Ping¡¦s fiscal thought to conclude as follows. 1. Derive from the Dialectical Materialism and the Historical Materialism. 2. Derive from one¡¦s own specific times background. 3. Derive from the Productive Forces Theory of Marxism. 4. Derive from the Communist Manifesto and the Communism ABC. I conclude the major principles of Deng, Siao-Ping¡¦s fiscal thought as follows. 1. The principle of avoiding polarization. 2. The principle of freedom. 3. The principle of developing productive forces. 4. The principle of reform and open policy. 5. The principle of advocating industry and opposing waste. Deng, Siao-Ping was the most major policy-maker during 1979¡ã1997, and he controlled the fate of China. The study object of this essay is Chinese fiscal revenue and expenditure during 1979¡ã1997. The coefficient of elasticity of Chinese fiscal revenue was 0.46 during 1979¡ã1988. Comparing that with modern fiscal system of other countries, and we can conclude that Chinese Finance Contract System was a defective fiscal system. Since practicing the Tax Distribution System, the coefficient of elasticity of Chinese fiscal revenue was rising from 1996. The Chinese fiscal revenue ability was 1.2 in 1996 and 2.0 in 2002. The average of coefficient of Chinese fiscal revenue was 0.66 during1979¡ã1997. This value was low, and that said that the Chinese fiscal revenue ability during this period was low. The proportion of Chinese fiscal expenditure to GDP was 31.7¢M in 1979 and 11.6¢M in 1997. It said that the fiscal expenditure reform fell behind. In fiscal expenditure management¡A the budget was not rigorous and the supervision of expenditure was not serious. Three reforms (the department budget, the national treasury centralism and the government purchase system) could not produce a marked effect of fiscal expenditure. It is the core problem of fiscal expenditure how to pursue the maximum of society benefit of fiscal expenditure. The average of coefficient of elasticity of Chinese fiscal expenditure was 0.76 during 1979¡ã1997. The value was low, and that said that the Chinese fiscal expenditure ability was low. The key of government life and development is the fiscal ability. If the fiscal revenue ability decreases, the economic control ability will decrease. This will occur economic crisis and social turbulence. Finally, the national total ability will decrease. Therefore, the government economic ability depends on the ability of the government to centralize and dominate the social treasury. Taiwan has potential crisis. Chinese economy and Taiwan economy have an influence on each other. If Chinese economy develops quickly, Taiwan will be the maximum beneficiary. But, Chinese economy has a lot of invisible crises under the quick development. For example, Chinese national enterprises do not achieve much and the gap between the rich and the poor enlarges, etc. If Chinese economic crisis breaks out, Taiwan will be a fish out of water. Therefore, it is due to pay attention to and to work on the change of Chinese finance.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 37-40).

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 37-40). Also available in print.

Tato práce pojednává o hospodářských reformách v Čínské lidové republice, které byly provedeny v letech 1979 až 1989. Cílem je podat přehled o uskutečněných krocích čínské vlády v 80. letech a zhodnotit jejich výsledky. Tato práce analyzuje široké spektrum čínských reforem, věnuje se sektoru zemědělství, průmyslu, cenovému systému, bankovnímu a finančnímu systému, školství a největší pozornost je věnována zahraničnímu obchodu. U každé z těchto oblasti jsou vyjmenována základní opatření provedená v této první reformní etapě, která přispěla k celkové modernizaci čínské ekonomiky. Na závěr práce jsou ilustrovány výsledky čínských reforem na vybraných makroekonomických ukazatelích, zejména na růstu hrubého domácího produktu, na vývoji inflace, na vývoji příjmů a výdajů vládního sektoru a na platební bilanci. Hospodářské reformy v 80. letech, o kterých je tato práce, položily základ pozdějších ekonomických úspěchů Číny.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:34:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LPO - Daniela Daros Correia.pdf: 333108 bytes, checksum: 1ecd55b7e19dce37d8e3976a9c6a5175 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work has as objective examines the Evangelical Community's Monte Sião speech religious neopentecostal, recent institution in the evangelical scenery. Our analyses are backed in theories as Analysis of the Speech and Rhetoric. The religion is not approached here as object of faith, but as producing of speech, that is constituted in the and for the language; being like this, it is done necessary to place the development historically of the Movement Pentecostal front to the new tendency that Neopentecostalism is implementing. It is verified that the churches neopentecostals are winning singular space in the national and international evangelical way, because they invest in the communication means, in seductive speeches and in a new form of seeing the Christian doctrines, coming off of the traditionalism implemented by the historical evangelical churches. To the we relate Linguistics and Religion, he/she becomes possible to analyze, starting from the selected samples, the argument mechanisms, of interpretation and of persuasion that you/they constitute the speech religious neopentecostal transmitted by the Evangelical Community Monte Sião. This way, back-up is looked for in the Analysis of the Speech, that it supplies base to analyze the ideological and discursive formations of the religious speech, tends him/it as own study object, discussing authorship problems and interpretation, production conditions, fundamental in this analysis. In the investigation of those concepts, argumentative structures are approached, intertextuality, interdiscursivity, formation of the ethos and of the pathos, that constitute important characteristics for the construction process and of organization of the speech. They are observed, also, the verbal times, by virtue of the religious speech to be narrated in the time of the commented world. Anchored by linguistic studies, it intends to elucidate the importance of the Linguistics in the understanding of the Religion, while production of senses inside the speech, proposing an innovative approach that can favor comparative studies of other species of speeches, seeking a significant contribution for this area of the knowledge / Este trabalho tem como objetivo examinar o discurso religioso neopentecostal da Comunidade Evangélica Monte Sião, instituição recente no cenário evangélico. Nossas análises estão respaldadas em teorias como Análise do Discurso e Retórica. A religião não é aqui abordada como objeto de fé, mas sim como produtora de discurso, que se constitui na e pela linguagem; sendo assim, faz-se necessário situar historicamente o desenvolvimento do Movimento Pentecostal frente à nova tendência que o Neopentecostalismo vêm implementando. Constata-se que as igrejas neopentecostais vêm ganhando singular espaço no meio evangélico nacional e internacional, pois investem nos me ios de comunicação, em discursos sedutores e em uma nova forma de ver as doutrinas cristãs, desprendendo-se do tradicionalismo implementado pelas igrejas evangélicas históricas. Ao relacionarmos Lingüística e Religião, torna-se possível analisar, a partir das amostras selecionadas, os mecanismos de argumentação, de interpretação e de persuasão que constituem o discurso religioso neopentecostal veiculados pela Comunidade Evangélica Monte Sião. Desta forma, busca-se respaldo na Análise do Discurso, que fornece base para analisar as formações ideológicas e discursivas do discurso religioso, tendo-o como próprio objeto de estudo, discutindo problemas de autoria e interpretação, condições de produção, fundamentais nesta análise. Na investigação desses conceitos, abordam-se estruturas argumentativas, intertextualidade, interdiscursividade, formação do ethos e do pathos, que constituem características importantes para o processo de construção e de organização do discurso. Observam-se, também, os tempos verbais, em virtude de o discurso religioso ser narrado no tempo do mundo comentado. Ancorados por estudos lingüísticos, pretende-se elucidar a importância da Lingüística na compreensão da Religião, enquanto produção de sentidos no interior do discurso, propondo uma abordagem inovadora que possa favorecer estudos comparativos de outras espécies de discursos, visando uma contribuição significativa para esta área do conhecimento

本論文研究目的，乃試以路線政策、意識型態與權力鬥爭三個面向來研究現階段中共 改革派與保守派的衝突情形。全文一冊，共分六章十七節，約七萬餘言，各章大要如 下﹕ 第一章﹕導論。主要分為研究動機目的、研究範圍方法與名詞概念的界定澄清。 第二章﹕本章主要探討改革保守兩派在路線政策方面的衝突。共分四節一一政策路線 在中共派系衝突中所扮演的角色、「鄧小平路線」的形成與內涵、改革保守兩派的路 線糾結與衝突、經濟體制改革與「鄧小平路線」的出路。 第三章﹕本章主要探討改革保守兩派在意識型態面向的衝突。共分四節一一意識型態 在中共政權下的特殊地位、「鄧小平路線」與馬克思主義關係、改革保守兩派的思想 紛歧與論爭、現階段中共意識型態運作的取向與困境。 第四章﹕本章主要探討改革派、保守派的權力鬥爭。共分三節一一權力在中共派系衝 突中所占有的地位、鄧小平領導體系的結構與障礙、權力繼承與領導權的爭奪。 第五章﹕本章主要研究現階段中共派系衝突的方式與特徵。栱分三節一一中共黨內鬥 爭的原則、改革保守兩派衝突的方式、現階段中共派系衝突的特徵。 第六章﹕結論。先就本文做個小結。並依研究結果對中共派系衝突的演變做一評估。