Sandstedt, Thomas (2013) – On Recruitment in Academia in the Cases of Department Heads and Research Students   This thesis study how academic and scientific culture act and handle the balance between different interests, demands and preferences and what is considered central and valuable in the leading and managing within universities in Sweden. These are set against each other whenever department heads and research students are to be recruited.  Questions are asked whether procedures come into play when recruiting heads of department, and whether the final choice is determined by regulations and/or academic norms. There has only been marginal research in the field. The recruitment of department heads has not been statutory since 1993, while admission to research studies is regulated in detail.  The study was implemented before the autonomy reform of 2011. Central and local regulatory systems between 1993 and 2011 form the juridical framework of the study.       My frame of reference is a New Institutional Theory approach together with studies of the environment, history and traditions of academia.  The basis of the studied context is the scholarly community of academics.  Demands from government and parliament as expressed in regulatory systems, general guidelines, funding, policies and letters of regulation have also been taken into account within the reference frame.  The empirical material consists of interviews with professors including associate professors conducted in seven universities and eight departments between 2007 and 2009. The results show that there are certain rules of the game that are applied when department heads and research students are being recruited, which give an indication of what is considered valuable for internal management within Swedish universities. The recruitment processes are informal, collegial and institutionalized. When department heads are recruited all colleagues have the possibility to participate, whereas when research students are recruited the group involved is more limited.  In the latter case it is financing as well as the role of the supervisor that seem to play the crucial role in finding the most suitable doctoral student. Internal criteria are reformulated into rules of the game by colleagues and the process is situation-bound. These rules are based on collegial and scholarly interests, demands, norms, traditions and values. Informal criteria offer the opportunity for flexibility and situational adaptation when departments choose their head. These criteria contribute to limiting the number of candidates, which may make it difficult to find the right person. The students admitted to research education are expected to be able to profit by such education and to possess a scientific attitude. These requirements may vary from one admission to another, and the impression is that the circle of potential research students is limited.

Treball de recerca sobre els factors que poden afavorir els àmbits de coneixement silenciós o no conceptual. Consisteix en una primera fase de delimitació de l'àmbit d'estudi, el coneixement silenciós, a partir de la proposta filosòfica d'Eugenio Trias; en concret, del concepte de "condició fronterera", que apunta a la doble possibilitat humana de coneixement. S'analitzen, a continuació, una mostra significativa de referències al coneixement no conceptual (del món de l'art, principalment) i a com es treballa en el marc d'aquest mode de coneixement. El silenci de la relació subjecte-objecte com a relació cognoscitiva recolzada en preconceptes, apareix com a una constant. Per això la investigació es centra, aleshores, en l'exploració del cultiu del silenci de les capacitats cognoscitives. I com a part dels resultats obtinguts, proposa una lectura dels mestres de l'experiència mística des de la perspectiva del silenci ("des-subjecció", a l'obra de Trías) de les capacitats cognoscitives humanes. / Trabajo de investigación sobre los factores que puedan favorecer el conocimiento silencioso o no conceptual. Una primera fase la constituye la delimitación del ámbito de estudio, el conocimiento silencioso, lo que se hará con la ayuda de la propuesta filosófica de Eugenio Trías y, muy especialmente, de su concepto de "condición fronteriza", que da razón de la doble posibilidad humana de conocimiento. A continuación se analiza una muestra significativa de referencias al conocimiento no conceptual (de artistas, en su mayoría) y a cómo se trabaja en ese ámbito. El silencio de la relación sujeto-objeto como relación cognoscitiva sostenida sobre preconceptos, aparece como una constante. Lo que lleva a la investigación hacia la exploración del cultivo del silencio de las capacidades cognoscitivas. Y a proponer, finalmente, una lectura de los maestros de la experiencia mística, desde la perspectiva del silenciamiento ("des-sujeción", en Trías) de las capacidades cognoscitivas humanas. / This research studies the components that favor the achievement of non-dual or silent knowledge. The first phase of the study is to establish the limits of silent knowledge. This will be possible thanks to Eugenio Trias' philosophy, specially his concept of "border condition" which develops the double possibility of human knowledge. In the second part of the paper, I study non-conceptual knowledge and how it functions in the statements of different artists and the operating way of this knowledge. In this research the relation between the subject and the object is constantly silent in the cognitive dynamic. Therefore, I explore how to foster the silence of the cognitive capacity and propose a hermeneutic approach to the masters of the mystic experience from the perspective of "detachment" from the cognitive capacities. ("des-sujeción" in Trias terminology).

Syftet med denna studie är att synliggöra hur lärare undervisar i folkmusik. Studien tar både upp förhållningssätt till den gehörstradition som folkmusik bygger på, hur utbildningen har påverkat musiken och vilka konkreta metoder lärare använder i sin undervisning. Bakgrundslitteraturen sätter folkmusik och undervisning i ett historiskt perspektiv och den tidigare forskningen tar upp begrepp som metodik, institutionalisering, gehör och tyst kunskap. Arbetet studeras utifrån ett sociokulturellt perspektiv. För att samla in material till studien har semistrukturerade intervjuer använts och dessa har sedan analyserats tematiskt. I resultatet presenteras lärarnas metodiska tankesätt kring genrespecifika övningar som antingen har utformats på egen hand, utifrån låtar eller utifrån existerande material som har anpassats till genren. Vidare framkommer tankar kring tyst kunskap i en gehörstradition och hur detta ses i relation till utbildning. En folkmusikmetodik som är på väg att formas och utvecklas genom att folkmusiken har tagit plats i utbildningsmiljön är något som diskuteras av respondenterna. Diskussionen tar upp hur nya redskap för lärande utvecklas när musiken hamnar i nya kontexter och vilka redskap lärare tycker är viktiga för lärandet av fiol och folkmusik. / The main goal of this study is to examine the methodology in the teaching of fiddle, used by teachers in traditional music. The study examines the approaches to the tradition of learning music by ear which is central to the teaching of traditional music, how education has affected music and which methods teachers use in their tuition. The background literature sets traditional music and teaching traditional music in a historical perspective. Previous research studies address concepts such as methodology, institutionalization, learning music by ear and silent knowledge. Material for the study is collected through semi-structured interviews. The interviews were transcribed and then analyzed thematically. The result presents the teachers' methodical way of thinking about genre-specific exercises. These have either been designed by themselves, based on tunes or based on existing material that has been adapted to the genre. Furthermore, thoughts emerge about silent knowledge in a learning by ear-tradition and how this is seen in relation to education. A traditional music methodology that is about to be shaped and developed, due to traditional music taking place in the educational environment, is discussed by the respondents. The discussion addresses how new tools for learning develop when the music is put in new contexts and which tools teachers think are important for the learning of fiddle and traditional music.