Simultaneous interpretation is a cognitively demanding task involving concurrent listening and speaking in two languages. Successful performance in this task likely relies on a good working memory, which reflects a person’s ability to process and store information simultaneously. The present study used the theoretical construct of working memory to investigate the task of simultaneous interpretation. Twenty student interpreters at two different levels of training in interpreting and sixteen bilinguals with no training in interpreting, all of whom spoke Chinese as a first language and English as a second language, participated in this study. They were compared on their performance for two measures of working memory – reading span and digit span – and on a simultaneous interpretation task. In addition, a translation judgment task and proficiency self-evaluation measures were administered to explore if language proficiency mediates working memory in participants’ L1 (native language) and L2 (second language). This study also examined the relation between working memory and performance in simultaneous interpretation. Results showed that the student interpreters performed better than bilinguals on simultaneous interpretation. Advanced-level student interpreters also outperformed bilinguals on all language versions of the memory span tasks, though first-year student interpreters did not show higher working memory than the bilinguals. Further, performance in simultaneous interpretation was related to working memory in both L1 and L2. Based on the study’s findings, two years of training in interpreting seemed to have a positive effect on improving working memory, whereas one year of training in interpreting did not help to increase working memory. On the other hand, higher language proficiency did not result in high working memory but contributed to better performance in simultaneous interpretation. Working memory, it is concluded, is important but language proficiency in L1 and L2 assumes a more critical role in simultaneous interpretation performance.

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This thesis describes the lifelong work of significant Russian interpretation theorist, pedagogue and active conference interpreter Anatoly Fedorovich Shiryaev. The thesis is theoretical and is divided into three main sections. In the first section, the theoretical background that helps A. F. Shiryaev develop his Complex Model of Simultaneous Interpretation is described. It focuses on the unit of orientation, redundancy and speech compression in detail. This section explains why these are important in the simultaneous interpretation context and the role they have in its process. In the second section, A. F. Shiryaev's Complex Model of Simultaneous Interpretation is analysed in detail along with its specific features. Next, the model is compared with other selected simultaneous interpretation models which were being developed approximately at the same time. The third section describes A. F. Shiryaev's approach to simultaneous interpretation teaching. It deals with methodology and teaching didactics, and the objectives which are to be achieved during the simultaneous interpretation course, and describes the system of interpretation exercises. The thesis also includes a brief biography of A. F. Shiryaev which presents information about his professional life.

Ante la rápida inserción de la interpretación simultánea remota (RSI) en el mercado laboral limeño, durante el contexto de la pandemia de la COVID-19, esta investigación analiza el efecto de la RSI en las condiciones laborales de los intérpretes a través de su experiencia de adaptación. Para lograrlo, se utilizó un diseño explicativo secuencial de método mixto a partir de la aplicación de encuestas y entrevistas a intérpretes limeños con experiencia en RSI. Los resultados indican que los cambios en el lugar de trabajo, la reconfiguración del mercado y la dinámica laboral generan estrés, agotamiento e incertidumbre. Asimismo, para adaptarse a estos cambios y reducir los impactos negativos, los intérpretes requieren fortalecer sus habilidades duras y blandas. Se concluye que, a pesar de la precarización de las condiciones laborales, la experiencia de adaptación resultó satisfactoria. / In view of Remote Simultaneous Interpreting's (RSI) rapid entry into the local market during the COVID-19 pandemic, this research analyzes its effect on interpreter's working conditions through their adaptation process. Surveys and interviews were used in a mixed-method design. Results suggest that changes at work, in the marketplace, and in new ways of interaction due to the use of Zoom create more stress, burnout, and uncertainty. As a coping strategy towards these negative impacts, interpreters have strengthened their hard and soft skills as part of their adaptation process. It can be concluded that despite worsening work conditions, the adaptation experience has been satisfactory. / Trabajo de investigación

The purpose of the present thesis is to look into the correlation between the speed of the source speech and simultaneous interpreter's performance between Czech and French from the perspective of the French listeners of the source speeches in French, of two groups of interpreters (students and professionals) and of the listeners of the speeches interpreted into Czech. The thesis consists of the theoretical and the empirical part. The theoretical part outlines Daniel Gile's Effort Model and than focuses on the delivery rate of the source speech and on various theoretical approaches of different scholars, on the errors occured in the process of simultaneous interpreting, on intrepretation strategies and on the quality of interpretation. The empirical part describes the research method, the experiment itself and the results of the experiment which focuses both on the number of occurences of different interpretation stategies in relation to the source speech delivery rate and on the number of occurences of various error categories depending on the speed of the quasi-authentic source speeches. The empirical part examines the differences between the performance of the students and of the interpreters. Their performance is then assessed by the Czech listeners. Keywords simultaneous interpretation,...