The seven deadly sins are a popular theme, but they are often brushed off as antiquated, the product of stringent moral rules, or just arbitrary. In this thesis, I explain morality from a different perspective: evolutionary psychology. Using the Seven Deadly Sins as an example, I provide a user-friendly understanding of why we have the moral rules that we have. Boyd and Richerson (1992) demonstrated that, through the use of punishment, any rule---no matter how capricious---can be upheld. What I seek to explain is that moral rules, in this case the Seven Sins, are not arbitrary---or, at least, they were not arbitrary in the environment in which our innate moral faculties developed, though these rules may seem ascetic today. I suggest that much of what falls under the conceptual umbrella of morality can be better understood when framed as problems of cooperation. The Seven Sins are a useful example of the usefulness of moral rules, and psychopathy provides a comparison for understanding the importance of conscience.

The purpose of the study is to review sponsored Instagram posts from influencers with a sustainable focus. This is to investigate how influencers communicate about sustainability in their sponsored posts and whether they are an appropriate choice for communicating about sustainability or whether it gives rise to greenwashing. The Instagram posts will be reviewed through the use of the model “The seven sins of greenwashing”. The results of the study have shown that depending on which companies the influencer chooses to communicate with it is possible to have sustainable collaborations. However, only 2 of 8 collaborations in the study are fully sustainable according to the model “The seven sins of greenwashing”. Suggestions for future research prompts others to investigate fewer influencers and more of their content so that it can bring better understanding and more indications as to what makes an influencer and their collaborations sustainable. Furthermore, since this study has only analyzed information on Instagram, future research can thus also examine the companies and organisations that are involved in the collaborations to get a nuanced understanding of sustainable collaborations. The essay is written in Swedish. / Syftet med studien är att granska de sponsrade Instagram inlägg som görs av influencers meden hållbar inriktning. Genom att studera dessa Instagram inlägg undersöks det hur influences kommunicerar kring hållbarhet i sina sponsrade inlägg. Detta för att undersöka om influencers är ett lämpligt val för att kommunicera om hållbarhet eller om det ger upphov till greenwashing. Resultatet av studien har visat att beroende på vilka företag påverkaren väljer att kommunicera med är det möjligt att ha hållbara samarbeten. Emellertid är endast 2 av 8samarbeten i studien fullt hållbara enligt modellen ”The seven sins of greenwashing”. Förslagtill framtida forskning uppmanar andra att undersöka färre influencers och mer av deras innehåll så att det kan ge bättre förståelse och fler indikationer på vad som gör en influencer och deras samarbete hållbara. Eftersom denna studie endast har analyserat information på Instagram kan framtida forskning även undersöka de företag och organisationer som är involverade i samarbeten för att få en nyanserad förståelse för hållbara samarbeten. Denna studie är skriven på svenska.

Denna forskningsstudie är en kvalitativt undersökande studie av svenska modeföretags hållbarhetskommunikation utifrån en utvärdering av konsultmodellen The Seven Sins of Greenwashing. Studien ämnar att undersöka hur The Seven Sins of Greenwashing fungerar som ett verktyg och ramverk för att analysera svenska modeföretags hållbarhetskommunikation samt om greenwashing förekommer i deras gröna marknadsföring med hjälp av The Seven Sins of Greenwashing. Studiens teoretiska perspektiv ämnar att på ett holistiskt sätt bemöta de forskningsbegrepp och studier som relaterar till greenwashing e.g legitimitet, isomorphism och decoupling. Föreliggande studie har valt att flytta fokus från kunden och kundens relation till hållbarhet för att istället kritiskt granska och analysera modevarumärkens gröna marknadsföring och kommunikation av modeprodukter. Därmed utgör organisationer studiens analytiska perspektiv, eftersom att allt fler modeföretag använder sig av grön marknadsföring som ett sätt att visa sig hållbara gentemot konsumenter. Vi har identifierat ett forskningsgap för kvalitativa studier som undersöker greenwashing utifrån ett organisatoriskt perspektiv, och med användandet av The Seven Sins of Greenwashing som ett analytiskt redskap inom modebranschen. Studiens syfte är att granska information och kommunikation som görs genom modeföretags hållbarhetsrapporter utifrån modellen The Seven Sins of Greenwashing. För att studera undersökningens syfte ställs följande frågeställningar; (RQ1) Hur fungerar The Seven Sins of Greenwashing som en teoretisk modell för att analysera stora kommersiella företag inom modebranschen? och (RQ2) Hur uttrycker svenska modeföretag sitt hållbarhetsarbete genom deras hållbarhetsrapporter? Förekommer greenwashing utifrån modellen The Seven Sins of Greenwashing? För att besvara studiens syfte och forskningsfrågor har studien utgått ifrån kvalitativa innehållsanalytiska metoder och tematisk kodning utifrån ett på förhand givet kategoriseringssystem av innehållsliga områden kopplade till The Seven Sins of Greenwashing. Studiens resultat kunde identifiera greenwashing i företagens hållbarhetsrapportering utifrån The Seven Sins of Greenwashing främst genom otydliga, vaga och irrelevanta påståenden som användes i hållbarhetsrapporterna för att uttrycka och beskriva företagens hållbarhetsarbete. Slutsatser dras om att TerraChoice (2009) konsultmodell The Seven Sins of Greenwashing fungerar som ett analytiskt verktyg och ramverk för denna typ av akademiska studier. Slutsatser kan också dras, genom användandet av modellen, att samtliga företag som ligger till grund för undersökningen på olika vis greenwashar i sin hållbarhetskommunikation. / This research study is a qualitatively investigative study of Swedish fashion companies sustainability communication based on an evaluation of the consulting model The Seven Sins of Greenwashing. The study aims to investigate how The Seven Sins of Greenwashing works as a tool and framework for analyzing Swedish fashion companies sustainability communication and whether greenwashing occurs in their green marketing with the help of The Seven Sins of Greenwashing. The theoretical perspective of the study aims to respond in a holistic way to the research concepts and studies that relate to greenwashing, e.g legitimacy, isomorphism and decoupling. In our study, we have chosen to shift the focus from the customer and the customer's relationship to sustainability to instead critically examine and analyze the fashion brands' green marketing and communication of fashion products. Thus, organizations constitute our analytical perspective, as more and more fashion companies use green marketing as a way to prove themselves sustainable towards consumers. We have identified a research gap for qualitative studies that examines greenwashing from an organizational perspective, and with the use of The Seven Sins of Greenwashing as an analytical tool within the fashion industry. The purpose of the study is to examine information and communication made through fashion companies sustainability reports based on the model The Seven Sins of Greenwashing. To study the purpose of this study the following questions are asked; (RQ1) How does The Seven Sins of Greenwashing work as a theoretical model for analyzing large commercial companies within the fashion industry? and(RQ2) How do Swedish fashion companies express their sustainability work through their sustainability reports? Does greenwashing occur based on the model The Seven Sins of Greenwashing? We have addressed the study's purpose and research questions with qualitative content analytical methods and thematic coding based on a pre-given categorization system of content areas linked to The Seven Sins of Greenwashing. The results of the study were able to identify greenwashing in the companies sustainability reporting based on The Seven Sins of Greenwashing mainly through unclear, vague and irrelevant statements that were used in the sustainability reports to express and describe the companies sustainability work. Conclusions are drawn that TerraChoice (2009) consulting model The Seven Sins of Greenwashing serves as an analytical tool and framework for this type of academic study. Conclusions can also be drawn, through the use of the model, that all companies that form the basis of this study in different ways greenwash in their sustainability communication.

Mémoire (M.Th.Pr.)--Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2002. / Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU

Thesis (D. Min.)--Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, 2005. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 200-204).

Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2017-04-04T17:52:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RITALUCKNER.pdf: 1151121 bytes, checksum: 0bb5d45dfb43d12bf5d4f4bf66c650d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-04T17:52:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RITALUCKNER.pdf: 1151121 bytes, checksum: 0bb5d45dfb43d12bf5d4f4bf66c650d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The purpose of this work is a theological-literary approach of the novel Incidente em Antares, written in 1971, by Erico Verissimo (1905 -1975). It is an analysis of the mentioned book, whose aim is to observe the characteristics and attitudes of the characters elaborated by the author and his comic and ironic language as well, used for him in order to deal with matters related to the daily life, and suggests the coexistence of the good and evil which are revealed in human actions. In this way, will be highlighted the situations which were narrated in the book and can be related to some behaviors which refer to the flaws. Therefore, they can be associated to the seven capital sins, listed by Tomas de Aquino and the virtues which oppose them. Accordingly, we will be emphasize the work’s symbolical composition, as well as will be verified the dialogical relation between theology and literature. The components, the sins and virtues, whose are implicitly interconnected, are an introductory element for a reflection about the human nature ambivalence, whereby the correspondence to the seven dead characters from the novel with the known seven capital sins, as well as the actions of the characters that can be related to the virtues, allows through the literary verb to point the human being vocation to the good and to the evil, whose the frontiers is where the hope emerges. / A proposta deste trabalho é uma abordagem teológico-literária da obra Incidente em Antares, escrita em 1971, por Erico Verissimo (1905 -1975). Trata-se de uma análise da referida obra com o intuito de observar características e atitudes dos personagens criadas pelo autor, assim como a linguagem cômica e irônica usada por ele para tratar de assuntos da vida cotidiana, que sugerem um apontamento do bem e do mal que coexistem e se revelam nas atitudes humanas. Nesse sentido, serão apontadas as situações narradas na obra que podem ser relacionadas a certos comportamentos que nos remetem às faltas e, diante disso, podem ser associados aos pecados capitais listados por Tomas de Aquino, assim como às virtudes que os contrapõem. Dessa forma, será ressaltada a composição simbólica da obra analisada, como também será conferida a relação dialógica entre teologia e literatura. Os componentes, virtudes e pecados, os quais estão interligados implicitamente na obra, serão o elemento introdutório para uma reflexão acerca da ambivalência da natureza humana, em que a correspondência dos sete defuntos personagens do romance com os conhecidos sete pecados capitais, assim como as ações dos personagens que remetem às virtudes, permitem, por meio do verbo literário, apontar a vocação do ser humano tanto para o bem quanto para o mal, em cujas fronteiras encontra-se o sentimento de esperança.

Le but principal de ce mémoire de maîtrise est de présenter une étude sur la représentation des péchés capitaux dans l'Ordre des Cisterciens au Portugal, en particulier dans les textes produits à l'Abbaye de Santa Maria de Alcobaça. La permanence de la doctrine des pêchés capitaux est mise en évidence dans le texte doctrinal/disciplinaire intitulé O Virgeu de Consolaçon, produit et/ou copié à la fin du XVe siècle. Parce qu'il s’agit d’un document très peu étudié, encore inédit au Portugal, cet ouvrage présente aussi son histoire. / O objetivo principal da dissertação é apresentar um estudo acerca da representação dos pecados capitais na Ordem dos Cistercienses em Portugal, em particular nos textos produzidos na abadia de Santa Maria de Alcobaça. A permanência da doutrina dos pecados capitais é evidenciada no texto de caráter doutrinário/disciplinar intitulado O Virgeu de Consolaçon, produzido e/ou copiado em fins do século XV. Por se tratar de um documento pouquíssimo estudado, ainda inédito em Portugal, apresenta-se também o seu histórico. / The main purpose of this work is to present a study on the representation of deadly sins in the Order of Cistercians in Portugal, particularly in the texts produced at the Abbey of Santa Maria de Alcobaça. The permanence of the doctrine of the cardinal of the deadly sins is evidenced in the text doctrinal / disciplinary entitled O Virgeu de Consolaçon, produced and / or copied in the late fifteenth century. Because it is a very short document studied, unreleased in Portugal, also presents its history.

Le but principal de ce mémoire de maîtrise est de présenter une étude sur la représentation des péchés capitaux dans l'Ordre des Cisterciens au Portugal, en particulier dans les textes produits à l'Abbaye de Santa Maria de Alcobaça. La permanence de la doctrine des pêchés capitaux est mise en évidence dans le texte doctrinal/disciplinaire intitulé O Virgeu de Consolaçon, produit et/ou copié à la fin du XVe siècle. Parce qu'il s’agit d’un document très peu étudié, encore inédit au Portugal, cet ouvrage présente aussi son histoire. / O objetivo principal da dissertação é apresentar um estudo acerca da representação dos pecados capitais na Ordem dos Cistercienses em Portugal, em particular nos textos produzidos na abadia de Santa Maria de Alcobaça. A permanência da doutrina dos pecados capitais é evidenciada no texto de caráter doutrinário/disciplinar intitulado O Virgeu de Consolaçon, produzido e/ou copiado em fins do século XV. Por se tratar de um documento pouquíssimo estudado, ainda inédito em Portugal, apresenta-se também o seu histórico. / The main purpose of this work is to present a study on the representation of deadly sins in the Order of Cistercians in Portugal, particularly in the texts produced at the Abbey of Santa Maria de Alcobaça. The permanence of the doctrine of the cardinal of the deadly sins is evidenced in the text doctrinal / disciplinary entitled O Virgeu de Consolaçon, produced and / or copied in the late fifteenth century. Because it is a very short document studied, unreleased in Portugal, also presents its history.

Le but principal de ce mémoire de maîtrise est de présenter une étude sur la représentation des péchés capitaux dans l'Ordre des Cisterciens au Portugal, en particulier dans les textes produits à l'Abbaye de Santa Maria de Alcobaça. La permanence de la doctrine des pêchés capitaux est mise en évidence dans le texte doctrinal/disciplinaire intitulé O Virgeu de Consolaçon, produit et/ou copié à la fin du XVe siècle. Parce qu'il s’agit d’un document très peu étudié, encore inédit au Portugal, cet ouvrage présente aussi son histoire. / O objetivo principal da dissertação é apresentar um estudo acerca da representação dos pecados capitais na Ordem dos Cistercienses em Portugal, em particular nos textos produzidos na abadia de Santa Maria de Alcobaça. A permanência da doutrina dos pecados capitais é evidenciada no texto de caráter doutrinário/disciplinar intitulado O Virgeu de Consolaçon, produzido e/ou copiado em fins do século XV. Por se tratar de um documento pouquíssimo estudado, ainda inédito em Portugal, apresenta-se também o seu histórico. / The main purpose of this work is to present a study on the representation of deadly sins in the Order of Cistercians in Portugal, particularly in the texts produced at the Abbey of Santa Maria de Alcobaça. The permanence of the doctrine of the cardinal of the deadly sins is evidenced in the text doctrinal / disciplinary entitled O Virgeu de Consolaçon, produced and / or copied in the late fifteenth century. Because it is a very short document studied, unreleased in Portugal, also presents its history.

Les Lunete confessorum alias Bursa Marie, sont un ouvrage écrit en latin par le Révérend Père Gilbert Nicolas, franciscain de l'Observance, qui vécut dans la seconde partie du XVème siècle et au début du XVIème siècle. L'auteur est connu surtout comme co-fondateur d'un ordre religieux, l'Ordre de la Vierge Marie ou Ordre des Annonciades, qu'il fonda avec Jeanne de France, fille de Louis XI. L'ouvrage, à ce jour, n'est connu qu'en un seul exemplaire, un manuscrit qui se trouve à la Bibliothèque du Patrimoine de Toulouse. Comme l'indique le titre, le livre est destiné à aider les confesseurs dans leur tâche. L'auteur considère que les confesseurs de son temps sont dépourvus de la connaissance et peut-être aussi de la sagesse nécessaires à cette fonction qu'est la confession. L'ouvrage accompagne donc le confesseur à travers les étapes de la confession: l'écoute du pénitent, l'interrogation de celui-ci, la qualification des fautes (quand y-a-t-il ou non un péché mortel), la pénitence et l'absolution. Gilbert Nicolas est donc amené à traiter de toutes sortes de cas pratiques touchant la vie quotidienne des laïcs (par exemple, opérations commerciales, fonctionnement d'une association, héritage, mariage) et celle des religieux (par exemple, vœux monastiques, récitation des heures, réception de bénéfices, rôle des évêques). L'auteur a choisi aussi de traiter de la question en profondeur: le péché mortel résulte avant tout du mépris conscient et volontaire des commandements de Dieu, il faut donc expliquer à fond ces commandements et les obligations qui en résultent. Pour ces explications et conseils, Gilbert Nicolas emprunte nombre d'extraits à d'autres auteurs, écrivains de sommes et de textes pénitentiels, de théologiens et de juristes de droit canon ou civil, qui vont principalement du XIIème siècle jusqu'à l'époque où vit. Le texte laisse transparaître, à l'occasion de certaines questions, les tensions religieuses qui parcourent cette fin du Moyen-âge, à propos des sacrements, de l'autorité du pape et de la vie monastique. Le présent ouvrage est une édition et une traduction. Il a pour ambition de fournir un texte disponibles pour d'autres études, qu'elles soient de théologie morale, d'histoire, de linguistique, voire d'économie ou de sociologie. / The Lunete confessorum alias Bursa Marie is a book written in Latin by R.P. Gilbert Nicolas, a Franciscan brother of the Observance who lived in the second half of the XVth century and the beginning of the XVIth century. The author is known mainly as a cofounder of a religious order, the Order of the Virgin Mary (Ordre de la Vierge Marie) and Order of the Annonciades (Ordre des Annonciades), which he founded together with Jeanne de France, the daughter of Louis XI. The book is known these days only as a single copy, which is a manuscript in the Library of Heritage (Bibliothèque du Patrimoine) of Toulouse. As indicated by the title, the book is intended to help confessors fulfill their task. The author considers that the confessors of those days had a lack of knowledge and perhaps also of wisdom which is necessary for the penance. The book therefore accompanies the confessor throughout the stages of the penance: listening the penitent, his interrogation, the classification of the mistakes (when is there a mortal sin or not), the penance and the absolution. Gilbert Nicolas is therefore explaining how to deal with practical cases out of the everyday life of the laity (for example commercial transactions, functioning of an association, heritage and marriage) and of the friar (for example the monastic vow, recitation of the hours, receiving benefits and role of the bishop). The author also chose to address some issues in depth: mortal sin is primarily the result of a conscious and voluntary disregard of the commandments of God, it is therefore necessary to fully explain these commandments and obligations hereunder. For these explanations and advices, Nicolas Gilbert borrows many excerpts from other authors, writers of penitential texts (summa) ( and texts, theologians and jurists of civil or canon law, which went from the 12th century until the period he lived in. Confronted with some specific questions, the text lets shine through the religious tensions that existed throughout the late Middle Ages about the sacraments, the authority of the Pope and the monastic life. The present book is an edition and a translation. Its goal is to provide a text available for further studies whether for moral theology, history, linguistics or even for economics or sociology.