Cette recherche se propose de mettre en exergue la place du péché dans les discours déclinés dans le duché de Bretagne du XIIe au début du XVIe siècle. Elle se fonde aussi bien sur les sources écrites (productions pastorales,textes normatifs de l’Église et l’État breton, oeuvres littéraires et moralisantes de la cour ducale) que sur l’iconographie, à travers les sculptures de l’époque romane et de la fin du Moyen Âge.Le péché y apparaît comme une clef de compréhension du monde et de son évolution : présenté comme une causalité historique majeure depuis le début de l’humanité, son instrumentalisation permet de représenter lesvices de l’altérité, liée à l’ethnie ou à la religion, d’appréhender les identités collectives de tout ordre (professionnelles, de classe, d’ordre, de genre), en même temps qu’il rappelle la place de l’individu dans la société. L’association constante des dominés avec les péchés du corps, ainsi que la mise en place d’une véritable géopolitique des princes « pécheurs » ennemis de la Bretagne (cupides, paresseux, homosexuels…), ne sont que deux exemples d’une utilisation socio-Politique des vices.Instrument de culpabilisation issu de la morale chrétienne, le recours massif au péché dans les discours dominants en Bretagne est d’abord lié à la réforme « grégorienne » du XIIe siècle, avant que les lettrés de la courducale des Montfort ne s’approprient ces discours pour légitimer le pouvoir de leur prince. Dans tous les cas, le péché s’impose comme un vecteur essentiel dans l’effort de normalisation morale de la société et du pouvoir au Moyen Âge / This research aims to highlight the place of sin in discourses in the Duchy of Brittany from the 12th to the early 16th century. The study is based on both written and iconographical sources (pastoral care production, normative documents of the Church and the State Breton, literary and moralistic works of the ducal court, sculptures from Romanesque period and late Middle Ages).Sin appears to be a key to understanding the world and its evolution : it is a major historical causality since the beginning of mankind ; it serves the representation of the ethnic or religious otherness ; it is an useful device to apprehend collective identities of any kind (professional, class, order, or gender identities) ; finally, it establishes the place of the individual in society. The recurring association of dominated classes with the sins of the flesh and the appearence of a ‘political geography’ of princes ‘sinners’ enemies of Britain (greedy, lazy, homosexual...) are two examples of a such socio-Political use of vices.As an instrument of guilt trip from Christian morality, the massive use of sin in the dominant discourses in Britain come up from the "Gregorian" reform of the twelfth century. Later, the scholars of the ducal court of Montfort begin to use these discourses to legitimize the power of their prince. In both cases, sin becomes a powerful agent in theeffort to moral normalization of society and power in the Middle Ages

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In moderation, stress is a normal response to a perceived challenge which can motivate an individual to perform at their best. Nursing students consistently report a significant amount of stress which has been found to be greater than their non-nursing peers. The purpose of this study is to assess the level of stress reported by second-semester freshman and sophomore students who have declared nursing as a major, compared with the level of stress experienced by junior and senior students who are enrolled in the university's nursing program. Through this comparison, a conclusion can be drawn as to the level of stress experienced while enrolled in a nursing program, with the level of stress prior to being exposed to the challenges presented by the program. It is intended that the outcomes from this study can be utilized to address stress as it relates to a nursing student from pre-admission through graduation.

Bakgrund och problem: Fenomenet fast fashion erbjuder inte minst mode med låg prisbild för den stora massan samt nyheter varje vecka, utan bidrar även till massproduktion och masskonsumtion. Miljömässig skada sker under alla steg av en mode- och textil försörjningskedja, där expansionen av både produktion och konsumtion bidrar till ökad miljöpåverkan. I linje med den miljömässiga problematiken går det även att ifrågasätta det sociala ansvaret i form av billig produktion i utvecklingsländer. Hållbarhetsarbetet hos företag grundas alltsomoftast i en CSR-strategi med utgångspunkt i Triple Bottom Line där sociala-, ekonomiska- och miljömässiga aspekter agerar som grundpelare. Dubbla budskap uppstår när ett fast fashion-företag påstår sig vara ett hållbart företag eller arbeta med hållbarhetsfrågor när de samtidigt bidrar och uppmanar konsumenter till att konsumera mer. I och med den rådande “klimat-eran” har CSR i många fall omvandlats till ett marknadsföringsverktyg som syftar till att förbättra företagets varumärkesbild istället för att användas till dess faktiska syfte. Grön marknadsföring används för att differentiera sig på marknaden, och då “grönt” säljer, skapas utrymme för företagen att så kallat “tvätta sina produkter gröna”, även kallat greenwashing. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att jämföra hållbarhetsrapportering och hållbarhetsarbete hos fyra svenska fast fashion-företag, samt undersöka i vilken utsträckning eventuell greenwashing kan förekomma i samband med CSR-arbetet. Avsikten är att öka förståelsen för fast fashion som princip i relation till hållbarhetsarbetet samt bidra med ett nytänkande perspektiv och uppmana till ett mer kritiskt förhållningssätt gällande hållbarhetsarbete och klädkonsumtion. Metod: Studien bygger på en kvalitativ innehållsanalys där hållbarhetsrapporter har studerats hos fyra svenska fast fashion-företag rörande åren 2012, 2015 och 2018. Datainsamlingen har utgått ifrån teman och frågeställningar som har sin förankring i den teoretiska referensramen. Resultat och slutsats: Samtliga av de studerade företagen hållbarhetsrapporterar på olika vis och i olika utsträckning men innehållet är likartat. Samtidigt appliceras de tre grundpelarna i olika grad och tar olika stor plats i respektive företag. Utifrån studiens resultat kan det konstateras att greenwashing förekommer i hållbarhetsrapporteringen, däremot går det inte att säkerställa huruvida företagen i sin helhet kan klassas som greenwashing-företag. Vidare krävs det att fast fashion-företag har ett mer kritiskt förhållningssätt till hur affärsmodellen som sådan uppmanar till massproduktion, och vidare masskonsumtion, oavsett om klädesplagget är märkt med en grön etikett. / Background: The phenomena of fast fashion provides, not least, cheap fashion for everyone with news every week, but contributes to mass production as well as mass consumption. Every step of the fashion- and textile supply chain causes damage to the environment, where the expansion of both production and consumption contributes to increased impact on the environment. In accordance with environmental problems one can question the social responsibility in terms of cheap production in developing countries. The work of sustainability is oftentimes based on a CSR strategy with focus on the Triple Bottom Line, where social-, economical- and environmental aspects act as keystones. It occurs a double message when a fast fashion company claims to be a sustainable company or work with sustainability questions, when they at the same time contributes and urges consumers to consume even more. Due to the current “climate era”, CSR has in many cases turned into a marketing tool aimed to enhance the brand image of the company, instead of being used for its actual purpose. Green marketing is being used in order for the company to differentiate itself on the market, since “green” sells it creates an opportunity for companies to “wash their products green”, also known as greenwashing. Aim: The aim of the study is to compare the reporting and work of sustainability among four Swedish fast fashion companies, and investigate to what extent greenwashing may occur in connection with CSR. The intention is to increase the understanding for the principle of fast fashion in relation to sustainability as well as contribute with a critical rethinking perspective regarding the work of sustainability and consumption of fashion. Methodology: The study is based on a qualitative content analysis where sustainability reports from four Swedish fast fashion companies have been studied, regarding the years of 2012, 2015 and 2018. The data collection derives from themes and questions which are anchored from the theoretical framework. The following essay is written in Swedish. Findings and conclusion: All of the studied companies report their sustainability in different ways and extent but with similar content. The three keystones are at the same time applied in varied degrees and takes place in a varied extent among the companies. The result shows that greenwashing occurs in the reports, however it can’t be stated whether the companies can be classified as greenwashing-firms or not. Furthermore, fast fashion companies need to have a more critical approach towards the business model as such, which urges to mass production and mass consumption regardless if the garment is marked with a green label.

Объектом исследования явилось счастье. Предметом исследования стала связь счастья с добродетелями и нравственными нормами-запретами (грехами). Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, двух глав, заключения, списка литературы (56 источников) и приложения, включающего в себя бланки применявшихся методик. Объем магистерской диссертации 98 страниц, на которых размещены 5 рисунков и 18 таблиц. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы исследования, разработанность проблематики, ставятся цель и задачи исследования, определяются объект и предмет исследования, формулируются основная и дополнительные гипотезы, указываются методы и эмпирическая база, а также этапы проведения исследования, научная новизна, теоретическая и практическая значимость работы. Первая глава включает в себя обзор иностранной и отечественной литературы по теме счастья, добродетелей и достоинств личности, а также греха как синонима нравственной нормы-запрета. Выводы по первой главе представляют собой итоги по изучению теоретического материала. Вторая глава посвящена эмпирической части исследования. В ней представлено описание организации и методов проведенного исследования и результатов, полученных по всем использованным методикам: Обновленный Оксфордский опросник счастья (Oxford Happiness Inventory), Опросник достоинств личности (ОД) Personal Virtues Questionnaire (PVQ), шкалы самооценки счастья, алчности, гнева, гордыни, похоти, зависти, уныния, чревоугодия. Также в главе представлен корреляционный и факторный анализ результатов исследования. Выводы по второй главе включают в себя основные результаты эмпирического исследования. В заключении в обобщенном виде изложены результаты теоретической и эмпирической частей работы, а также выводы по выдвинутым гипотезам, обоснована практическая значимость исследования и описаны возможные перспективы дальнейшей разработки данной проблематики. / The object of the study was happiness. The subject of the research was the connection between happiness and virtues and moral norms-prohibitions (sins). The master's thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, a bibliography (56 sources) and an appendix, which includes the forms of the applied techniques. The volume of the master's thesis is 98 pages, which contain 5 figures and 17 tables. The introduction reveals the relevance of the research problem, the elaboration of the problem, sets the goal and objectives of the research, determines the object and subject of the research, formulates the main and additional hypotheses, indicates the methods and empirical base, as well as the stages of the research, scientific novelty, theoretical and practical significance of the work. The first chapter includes a review of foreign and domestic literature on the topic of happiness, virtues and dignity of the individual, as well as sin as a synonym for the moral norm-prohibition. Conclusions for the first chapter represent the results of the study of theoretical material. The second chapter is devoted to the empirical part of the study. It provides a description of the organization and methods of the study and the results obtained for all the methods used: the updated Oxford Happiness Inventory, the Personal Virtues Questionnaire (PVQ), self-assessment scales of happiness, greed, anger, pride, lust, envy, despondency, gluttony. The chapter also presents the correlation and factor analysis of the research results. The conclusions of the second chapter include the main findings of the empirical study. In the conclusion, in a generalized form, the results of the theoretical and empirical parts of the work, as well as conclusions on the hypotheses put forward, are presented, the practical significance of the study is substantiated and possible prospects for the further development of this problem are described.

This thesis examines Hieronymus Bosch's Table Top of the Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things. Instead of using an iconographical analysis, the thesis investigates the relationship between Bosch's art and the Devotio Moderna, which has been speculated by many Bosch scholars. For this reason, a close study was done to examine the Devotio Moderna and its influence on Bosch's painting. Particular interest is paid to the seven day prayers of the Devotio Moderna, the subjects depicted in Bosch's painting, how Bosch's painting blesses its viewer during the time of one's prayer, and how the use of gaze ties all of these ideas together.

Although capitalism is usually seen as the culprit for many of the environmental issues society faces today, it is not necessarily at fault. The Seven Deadly Sins of Sustainability: Pride, Greed, Sloth, Gluttony, Wrath, Lust, and Envy, are the underlying reasons why capitalism fails in the face of sustainability. Through recognition of these human vices, better strategies can be used to address environmental issues through leveraging capitalistic economic solutions.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:39:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 820641 bytes, checksum: 14bb9bdbcff2eb6a60db83f7c1376322 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This present paper intends to works with studies about perversion, including the conception of deviant sexuality, from Middle age, to the structuralist studies proposed by Jacques Lacan, verifying in the movie Seven, by David Fincher, the possibility of interpreting that John Doe s acts are characteristics of perversion. Our object is to demonstrate how the serial killer s actions in the movie Seven can reveal movements of the unconscious that follow a motivation/manipulation of desire. To accomplish our goal, we will resort to three lines of theoretical discussion: 1) the perversion under the vision of fetishization (objectification of the sexual desire), the brain degeneration, the substitution of the desire and psychological structure (Cf. ROUDINESCO, 2008; BINET 1904 [1879]; KRAFFT-EBING (apud ROUDINESCO, 2008); FREUD, 1989 [1905]; LACAN, 1988 [1956] and 1999 [1958]);2) the seven capital sins as a way of maintenance and reintegration of the power of the church (Cf. DELUMEAU, 2003; LE GOFF, 2011; AQUINO, 2000); 3) the filmic adaptation through the prism of transtextuality (Cf. STAM, 2006; ANDREW, 1984; HUTCHEON, 2011). We analyze the film Seven seeking to infer from the crimes committed by the murderer John Doe, the movements of the unconscious that reveal the diviation of the desire to objectification of the victims. We realize that the diviation of the sexual objects can be seen both from the point of view of the religious inversion such as psychoanalysis. For our analysis, we will show the verbal and visual texts of the murders presented by the film, then, we propose the analysis of the sequence of crimes based on two types of perversion: voyeuristic (pleasure to look at the other) and sadism (pleasure to overpower the other). We observed in our research the intrinsic relationship between voyeur and sadistic acts and religious motivation witch can determine the crimes by the purification of the capital sins. Thereby, with the possibility of reading the film Seven as an adaptation based on source texts that deal with themes such as sin and transgression of the law, we saw that the construction of the film reveals us a (re) reading of the texts about capital sins and clinical work with perversion patients. / A presente dissertação trabalha com os estudos acerca da perversão, desde o conceito de sexualidade desviante, visto na Idade Média, até os estudos estruturalistas, propostos por Jacques Lacan, verificando no filme Seven, de David Fincher, a possibilidade de uma leitura dos atos do personagem John Doe como característicos da perversão. Objetivamos demonstrar de que modo as ações do assassino em série do filme Seven podem revelar movimentos do inconsciente que seguem uma motivação/manipulação do desejo. Para atingirmos nosso objetivo, iremos recorrer a três linhas de discussão teórica, a saber: 1) a perversão sob as óticas da fetichização (objetificação do desejo sexual), da degeneração cerebral, da substituição do desejo e da estrutura psíquica (Cf. ROUDINESCO, 2008; BINET, 1904 [1879]; KRAFFT-EBING (apud ROUDINESCO, 2008); FREUD, 1989 [1905]; LACAN, 1988 [1956] e 1999 [1958]); 2) os sete pecados capitais como forma de manutenção e reintegração do poder da Igreja (Cf. DELUMEAU, 2003; LE GOFF, 2011; AQUINO, 2000); 3) a adaptação fílmica pelo prisma da transtextualidade (Cf. STAM, 2006; ANDREW, 1984; HUTCHEON, 2011). Analisamos o filme Seven, buscando inferir dos crimes cometidos pelo assassino (sujeito), John Doe, os movimentos do inconsciente que revelem o desvio do desejo para objetificação, ou coisificação, das vítimas. Percebemos que esses desvios do objeto sexual podem ser vistos tanto do ponto de vista da inversão religiosa, como do ponto de vista da psicanálise. Para nossa análise, iremos nos ater ao texto verbal e visual das cenas dos assassinatos apresentados pelo filme, e, em seguida, propomo-nos a analisar a sequência de crimes com base em dois tipos de perversão: voyeur (prazer na fixação em olhar o outro) e sádico (prazer em subjulgar e humilhar o outro). Verificamos em nossa pesquisa a relação intrínseca existente entre os atos voyeur e sádicos com a motivação religiosa que condiciona os crimes por meio da purificação dos pecados capitais. Assim, com a possibilidade da leitura do filme Seven como uma adaptação baseada em textos-fonte que tratam da temática do pecado e da transgressão da lei, observamos que a construção do filme (em especial da movimentação criminosa de John Doe) nos revela uma (re)leitura dos textos sobre os pecados capitais e sobre a clínica perversa.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:15:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Felipe Alberto de Queiroz Lalinde.pdf: 441608 bytes, checksum: 683673de08412ef363de6d222a45ecd0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-06 / The advertising discourse is the most present and that provokes a biggest impact in the complex and heterogenic contemporary society due to the pulse, tensions, conflicts, expectations and frustrations it generates. This study analyses the advertising discourse in radio ads and offers a panorama of the manipulation strategies used in its texts, hoping to give its contribution to communication students and creative professionals on finding their clues to overcome the proper limits of this medium, once that this is an easier task to make when one can count on visual resources of image media. The radio has some syncretic characteristics given by verbal, vocal, musical and other sound effect resources. These resources take part of the advertising narrative, passionate, figurative and enunciative tracks. Besides promoting the product brand and inform about its benefits, the ads also tries to satisfy the consumers latent and secret desires. These desires manifest human passions. The realization of individual passions sometimes requires the transgression of moral and legal values of a particular society in a particular era. As to distinguish and differentiate itself from the advertising universe, the advertising discourse has to astonish, and almost always does it, inciting us to break with these values. This research investigated on how does radio spots and jingles explore the modalization of human passions, becoming into transgression invitations. When the moral values are also precepts of a religion tradition, its broken are considered sins. Semiotics is one of the most developed and more advanced theory and methodology dominium into the language and signification sciences environment. This was the methodology that based the research of sense production process, the manipulation mechanisms, and the efficacy of the expression resources presented in this work. The chosen corpus is compound of nine jingles and spots of food products and restoration services. The analysis of its elements, using resources of verbal, vocal, musical and sound effects demonstrated that they participate on the sense construction and are oriented to the affection and modalization of human passions. As passions are liable to the sanctions of moralization, by the absence or by the excess, in a general mode the achieved results demonstrated the presence of transgression incitation. In the particular case of moral values dictated by the Christian-catholic tradition, in minor or larger grade, the presence of a Sin invitation was evidenced / O discurso publicitário é um dos mais presentes e de maior impacto na complexa e heterogênea sociedade contemporânea em função das pulsões, tensões, conflitos, expectativas e frustrações que ele gera. O presente estudo analisa o discurso publicitário em peças de rádio, e oferece um panorama das estratégias de manipulação utilizadas em seus textos, de modo a contribuir para que estudantes de comunicação e criadores publicitários obtenham pistas para superar as limitações próprias deste meio, uma vez que tal tarefa é mais fácil de realizar quando se pode contar com os recursos visuais das mídias imagéticas. O rádio possui características sincréticas dadas pelos recursos dos sistemas verbal, vocal, musical e demais efeitos sonoros. Estes recursos participam da construção de percursos narrativos, passionais, figurativos e enunciativos das peças publicitárias. Além de promover a marca do produto e informar sobre seus benefícios, os anúncios publicitários dão conta de satisfazer os desejos latentes e inconfessáveis dos consumidores. Tais desejos manifestam as paixões humanas. A realização das paixões individuais requer por vezes a transgressão dos valores morais, e legais de uma determinada sociedade numa determinada época. A fim de se diferenciar e se destacar no universo da comunicação social o discurso publicitário precisa surpreender, e muitas vezes o faz, incitando-nos a romper com tais valores. Esta pesquisa investigou como as peças publicitárias para rádio exploram a modalização das paixões humanas, constituindo-se em convites à transgressão. Quando os valores morais são também preceitos de uma tradição religiosa, seus rompimentos são considerados pecados. A Semiótica inclui-se entre os domínios de maior desenvolvimento e avanços teóricos e metodológicos no âmbito das ciências da linguagem e da significação. Foi essa metodologia que embasou a pesquisa dos processos de produção de sentido, dos mecanismos de manipulação, e da eficácia dos recursos de sua expressão presentes neste trabalho. O corpus escolhido compõe-se de nove jingles e spots de produtos alimentícios e serviços de restauração. A análise de seus elementos, utilizando recursos dos sistemas verbal, vocal, sonoro e musical demonstrou que eles participam da construção do sentido e estão orientados à sensibilização e modalização das paixões humanas. Como as paixões humanas estão sujeitas às sanções da moralização, seja pela falta ou pelo excesso, de um modo geral os resultados alcançados demonstraram a presença do incitamento à transgressão. No caso particular dos valores morais da tradição católico-cristã, ficou, em maior ou menor grau, evidenciada a presença do convite ao Pecado