Pediatric sleep problems are among the most common yet significant pediatric health issues faced by families. Sleep problems can impact social-emotional and academic functioning of schoolchildren. Once identified, pediatric sleep problems and disorders are treatable with effective and rapid behavioral and medical interventions. The purpose of the current study was to determine the prevalence rates of symptoms of sleep disorders in a diverse school-based sample as well as the relationship between symptoms of sleep disorders and school behavior, academic achievement, and quality of life. The present study examined the relationship between the independent variables of No Sleep Disorders symptoms and Sleep Disorders symptoms derived from the Sleep Disorders Inventory for Students, Children's Form (SDIS-C) and the dependent variables Externalizing and Internalizing scales of the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition (BASC-2), Curriculum-based Measurement Re ading (R-CBM), Curriculum-based Measurement Math (M-CBM), PedsQL TM 4.0, and Students' Life Satisfaction Scale (SLSS). A Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to identify a significant difference between students with and without symptoms of sleep disorders on behavior, academics, and quality of life. Follow-up analyses using a modified Bonferroni adjustment determined significant differences between students with and without symptoms of sleep disorders on R-CBM, externalizing behaviors and internalizing behaviors. Medium effect sizes were reported for R-CBM, externalizing and internalizing behaviors and M-CBM. Very small effect sizes were found for PedsQL TM 4.0 and SLSS. Implications for School Psychologists and directions for future practice and research are discussed including understanding prevention, early identification and intervention, broadening the scope of school psychology training at the preservice and inservice levels and educating locally and nationall y.

published_or_final_version / Medical Sciences / Master / Master of Medical Sciences

No description available.

Melatonin Therapy for the difficult sleep disorders of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities Dr. James Jan Pediatric Neurologist, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital Founder of the Visual Impairment program Sunny Hill Health Centre for Children A Sunny Hill TeleCDR Education Series Presentation Recorded at: Sunny Hill Health Centre for Children on March 15, 2007

Šiame darbe aptartas vaikų nerimastingumas (nerimo bruožas būti pastoviu), jo priežastys, tipai. Taip pat aptarti vaikų miego sutrikimai, jų simptomai, priežastys. Darbe aptartos vaikų nerimastingumo ir miego sutrikimų sąsajos. Šio darbo tikslas - įvertinti vaikų, lankančių priešmokyklinio ugdymo grupę nerimastingumo lygmenį, bei nustatyti tų vaikų miego sutrikimus (nemigą, lunatizmą, bruksizmą, naktinius košmarus, naktinį siaubą, neramių kojų sindromą bei enurezę) apklausiant jų tėvus. Nustatyti ar vaikams yra įvesta miego rutina ir miego higiena. Taip pat ieškoti sąsajų tarp vaikų nerimastingumo ir miego sutrikimų. Atliktas tyrimas, kurio metu buvo ištirti 108 priešmokyklinę ugdymo grupę darželyje lankantys vaikai (amžiaus vidurkis mėnesiais: 80  4). Iš jų 56 berniukai (51,9 %) (amžiaus vidurkis mėnesiais: 80  4) ir 52 mergaitės (48,1 %) (amžiaus vidurkis mėnesiais: 81  4). Taip pat į anketos klausimus apie vaikų miego sutrikimus atsakinėjo jų tėveliai. Išanalizavus gautus duomenis, nustatyta, kad miego sutrikimai (nemiga, naktiniai košmarai, naktinis siaubas, lunatizmas, bruksizmas, šlapinimasis į lovą, neramių kojų sindromas, nesuformuota miego higiena ir rutina) yra vienodai išreikšti berniukų ir mergaičių grupėse. Vaikų nerimastingumas nepriklauso nuo vaikų lyties ir vidutinių šeimos pajamų per mėnesį. Tačiau vaikai miegantys darbo savaitę darželyje pasižymi didesniu nerimastingumu nei vaikai, kurie darbo savaitę miega namuose. Taip pat nerimastingumas yra... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / There is discussed preschooler trait-anxiety and sleep disorders and their correlations in this work. The aim of this work is to rate preschooler trait-anxiety level and to assess children sleep disorders (insomnia, sleepwalking, bruxism, naightmares, night terror, periodic limb movement and enuresis) by questioning their parents. To determine whether there is sleep routine and sleep hygiene institued in familys of participants. Also to establish correlations of preschooler trait-anxiety link with sleep disorders. Participants of the research were 108 preschoolers (age mean 80  4 months). 56 boys (51,9 %) and 52 girls (48,1 %). Parents of particiapants were asked to fill in the form about children sleep disorders and some socio-demographic information. When the achieved data were analysed, it was determined that sleep disoreders such as insomnia, sleepwalking, bruxism, naightmares, night terror, periodic limb movement, enuresis and sleep routine with sleep hygiene has no diferences in groups of boys and girls. Trait-anxiety is not issued by gender and by incomes of parents. Children who sleep at night in kindergarden all work week has higher trait-anxiety level than children who sleep at home. Children who live in familys, where parents are arguing are rated as higher trait-anxiety level, than those, whose parents are not arguing. There are established sleepwalking, naightmares, night terror, periodic limb movement and enuresis and no sleep hygiene for children with... [to full text]

Sleep disorders in children provide a frequent cause for parents to seek medical care. If a child has several kinds of sleep disorders and (or) has another illness, their diagnosis and treatment typically become more complicated. Sleep disorders are a frequent comorbidity to epilepsy. In the clinical practice, synthetic melatonin is prescribed for treatment of sleep disorders in children with epilepsy. Clinical trials suggest that melatonin may shorten the duration to sleep onset and balance the sleep structure, leading to decrease in the number of epileptic attacks. However, the melatonin system in these trials has not been explored, and changes of the melatonin system in children with epilepsy are not yet understood. The main objectives of the present study were: i) to determine the most frequent kinds of sleep disorders in children with epilepsy; ii) to characterize the melatonin (MLT) system in children with epilepsy in detail: to describe full diurnal profile, to search correlation with anthropometric data, seizure characteristics (time, type of seizures, antiepileptic medications), as well as the other physiological circadian rhythms (body temperature, pulse, blood pressure). The study results have shown that sleep disorders were more frequent in the group of children with epilepsy (Sleep disorders scale for children (SDSC) (Bruni O et al, 1996)).The most frequent were: the disorders of excessive somnolence (DOES) and sleep - wake transition disorders (SWTD)... [to full text] / Vaikų miego sutrikimai – dažna problema, dėl kurios tėvai kreipiasi į gydytoją. Jei vaikui būdingi keli miego sutrikimai ir (ar) jis serga kita liga, tai diagnozuoti ir gydyti miego sutrikimus yra sudėtinga. Miego sutrikimams ir epilepsijai būdingas komorbidiškumas. Literatūros duomenimis, vaikams, sergantiems epilepsija, empiriškai skiriama sintetinių melatonino preparatų. Įrodyta, kad jie sutrumpina užmigimo laiką, reguliuoja miego struktūrą, todėl retėja epilepsijos priepuoliai. Tačiau epilepsija sergančių vaikų melatonino sistema dar nebuvo tiriama. Darbo tikslas – išsiaiškinti epilepsija sergančių vaikų dažniausius miego sutrikimus ir kankorėžinės liaukos hormono melatonino, jo metabolito 6-sulfatoksimelatonino (aMT6s) paros cirkadinio profilio ypatumus bei ryšį su epilepsijos formomis, priepuoliais, priepuolių laiku, vartojamais vaistais nuo epilepsijos (VNE) bei kitų fiziologinių rodiklių cirkadiniu ritmu (kūno temperatūros, širdies susitraukimų dažnio, arterinio kraujo spaudimo). Rezultatai parodė, kad epilepsija sergančių vaikų miego sutrikimų skalės (VMSS) rodikliai buvo aukštesni visuose miego sutrikimų pogrupiuose. Dažnesni buvo padidėjusio mieguistumo bei miego ir budrumo ritmo sutrikimai. Kontrolinėje ir sergančių epilepsija vaikų grupėse melatonino apykaita, išreikšta ekskrecijos metabolito aMT6s kiekis kūno svorio vienetui, turėjo neigiamą ryšį su amžiumi ir lytinės brandos stadija. Vaikų, sergančių epilepsija, cirkadinis melatonino sekrecijos ir ekskrecijos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

The present study was designed to simultaneously examine the prevalence of insomnia, hypersomnia, and delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS) among college students, while also examining the relations of depression (atypical and melancholic) and anxiety. Analyses revealed that insomnia, anxiety, poorer sleep efficiency, longer sleep latency, and shorter sleep duration were all correlated with melancholic features of depression and that anxiety, insomnia, and sleep latency were the strongest predictors of melancholic depression. Anxiety, excessive daytime sleepiness, insomnia, shorter sleep duration, poorer sleep efficiency, and longer sleep latency were all correlated with atypical depressive features, whereas anxiety and sleep latency were the strongest predictors for atypical depressive symptoms. The Composite Scale of Morningness correlated with sleep latency, later night times both during the week and on the weekends, later morning times both during the week and on weekends, and the difference between morning times on weekends versus the weekdays. Further research is needed to explore the relations among the depression subtypes and sleep problems and for development of more adequate measures to assess various sleeping problems and depression subtypes. / Department of Psychological Science

Background: The neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR1) and its ligand neuropeptide S (NPS) have received increased attention in the last few years, as both establish a previously unknown system of neuromodulation. Animal research studies have suggested that NPS may be involved in arousal/wakefulness and may also have a crucial role in sleep regulation. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs324981 in NPSR1 has begun to shed light on a function of the NPS-system in human sleep regulation. Due to an amino acid exchange, the T-allele leads to an increased sensitivity of the NPSR1. In the only genomewide association study to date on circadian sleep parameters in humans, an association was found between rs324981 and regular bedtime. However, the sleep parameters in this study were only measured by self-rating. Therefore, our study aimed to replicate these findings using an objective measure of sleep. Methods: The study included n = 393 white subjects (62–79 years) who participated in an actigraphic assessment for determining sleep duration, rest duration, sleep onset, rest onset and sleep onset latency. Genotyping of the SNP rs324981 was performed using the TaqMan OpenArray System. Results: The genotype at rs324981 was not significantly associated with rest onset (bedtime) or sleep onset (p = .146 and p = .199, respectively). However, the SNP showed a significant effect on sleep- and rest duration (p = .007 and p = .003, respectively). Subjects that were homozygous for the minor T-allele had a significantly decreased sleep- and rest duration compared to A-allele carriers. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the sleep pattern in humans is influenced by the NPS-system. However, the previously reported association between bedtime and rs324981 could not be confirmed. The current finding of decreased sleep duration in T/T allele carriers is in accordance with studies in rodents reporting similar results after NPS application.

Irregular pagination - jumps from p. 168 to p. 170. / Untreated Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (OSAS) increases the risk of motor vehicle accidents and morbidity. Its prevalence among taxi drivers is unknown. The goals of this thesis were to: (1) estimate the prevalence of OSAS symptoms and risk factors among taxi drivers; and (2) identify the barriers to accessing health care services for the diagnosis and treatment of OSAS. Between June and July 2004 questionnaires were mailed to 651 taxi drivers from two Wellington taxi companies (response rate 41.3%, n=241). Excessive daytime sleepiness (ESS>10) was reported by 18% of drivers. The estimated proportion with a pre-test risk of OSA (RDI≥ 15/hour) was 15%, according to a questionnaire-based screening tool. Pacific drivers were more likely to report OSAS symptoms than people of "other" (non-Māori) ethnicities. Logistic regression analyses identified the following independent risk factors for OSAS symptoms: increasing neck size, age groups: 46-53 years and 61-76 years, and self-reported snoring 'always'. Three focus groups were conducted in November 2004. Thematic analyses identified the following barriers to accessing health care: (1) sleepiness was not a perceived health problem; (2) personal demands; (3) industry demands; and (4) driver avoidance and dissatisfaction with general practitioner's services. Detailed examination of these themes indicated that drivers were deterred from seeking care by limited knowledge and awareness of OSAS, confusion about responsibility for health and safety, medical costs, and the risk of finding out about other health conditions. General practitioners reportedly failed to screen for OSAS symptoms and demonstrated little knowledge about sleep health. These barriers are a major cause for concern, and they are used to support the belief that earning a living is more important than personal health and safety. The key finding is that improving drivers' knowledge is unlikely to change their behaviour, without concurrent measures to address systemic issues in the taxi industry and in the health care system.

Tez (Tıpta Uzmanlık) - Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Nöroloji Anabilim Dalı, 2004. / Bibliyografya var.