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This is a study with a qualitative approach and a social psychological perspective. Our purpose is to describe and analyze authority officials descriptions of individuals with a social disability and their perception of how the interaction in the encounter with its implementation. We are interested in how they experience their power as authority representatives. The following issues are highlighted. • How do people in authority describe individuals with a social disability? • What is the authority officials view on the interaction in meetings with individuals with a social disability? • How do authority officials experiencing his or her position of power in relation to the meeting? Our results are based on semi-structured interviews with five persons in authority, which is active in Insurance and Employment Service in Örebro County. The theoretical basis is based on the labelling theory. The concepts chosen for analysis are stigma, social responsiveness, lack of social responsiveness, defense measures and power. The results of the study show that authority officials understand the concept of social disability as any type of diagnosis, with social anxiety disorder and intellectual impairment are the two most mentioned. Authority officials describe that these individuals have a range of social difficulties such as problems with finances, lack of jobs or problems in their social relationships. Authority officials meetings with individuals with a social disability is described as complex, where the need for support appears to be unlimited. Factors such as time and creativity plays a crucial role in the interaction. The power aspect of the meeting affects the sense that the authority official has the power to change and improve the living conditions of individuals, but may not be the person to act freely in the meeting when the latter is controlled by the authority's rules and regulations. Authority officials freedom of action can be influenced by his personal qualities and skills. At the same time can also lead to the individual with a social disability can have confidence and trust in authority the person. / <p>22575</p>

Teorinė neįgaliųjų socialinės integracijos analizė parodė, kad neįgalių asmenų socialinis negalės vaizdinys priklauso ir jį formuoja visuomenės nuostatos ir ideologija. Neįgaliųjų socialinės reabilitacijos procesas mokslo šaltiniuose traktuojamas kaip nuolatinis, nenutrūkstamas ir kompleksinis, kurio metu įgyjami ir tobulinami žmonių su negale savarankiško gyvenimo ugdymo įgūdžiai. Neįgalių asmenų socialinės reabilitacijos procesas turi būti vientisas, o medicininės reabilitacijos ir nevyriausybinės organizacijos darbas - komandinis, suteikiant neįgaliesiems būtinas teorines (medicininės, socialinės, teisinės ir kt.) ir praktines (apsitarnavimo, vežimėlio valdymo, ugdymo, mokymosi, profesinio parengimo, darbinės veiklos ir kt.) žinias, taip formuojant fizinės negalės vaizdinį visuomenėje. Magistro darbe iškelta hipotezė, kad skirtingų socialinę neįgaliųjų reabilitaciją vykdančių specialistų fizinės negalės vaizdinys turi svarbą bendradarbiavimo efektyvumui. Anketinės apklausos metodu buvo atliktas tyrimas, atskleidžiantis žmonių po nugaros smegenų pažeidimo, judančių vežimėliuose vaizdinio formavimosi ypatumus bei sąveikas tarp socialinę reabilitaciją vykdančių institucijų. Atskleisti skirtingų socialinės reabilitacijos grandžių specialistų ir neįgaliųjų bendradarbiavimo komponentai, svarbūs fizinės negalės vaizdinio formavimuisi. Tyrimo duomenys apibendrinti, taikant aprašomuosius statistinius metodus, faktorinę ir koreliacinę (Pearson (r) koeficiento skaičiavimai) duomenų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / A theoretical analysis of the social integration of the disabled revealed that the image of social disability of disabled people depends on and is formed by the society’s mass ideology. It has been also noticed that scientific literature considers the social rehabilitation process of the disabled to be a constant, uninterrupted and complex process during which disabled people acquire and develop skills of independent life education. The social rehabilitation process of the disabled has to be integral, meanwhile medical rehabilitation and nongovernmental organization must promote teamwork while providing the disabled with necessary theoretical and practical knowledge which, in turn, forms the image of physical disability in society. A hypothesis was raised that the image of physical disability that specialists providing the disabled with social rehabilitation have affects the effectiveness of cooperation. The research conducted with a help of a questionnaire survey aimed at the following tasks: to examine the peculiarities of the formation of the image of people with spinal cord injuries in wheelchairs in the institutions of social rehabilitation; reveal the importance of different social rehabilitation specialists and the disabled to the formation of the image of physical disability and the effectiveness of cooperation; identify effective components of the interaction with the disabled. The data of the research are summarized by applying statistical methods, factorial and... [to full text]

This research charts the long cultural trajectory of albinism from early modern travel encounters and Enlightenment exhibitions to medical classification and biological experimentation. It argues the whiteness of albinism functioned as a visible provocation to thinkers involved in work crucial to major conceptual developments in western science and medicine. It stresses this rare complexion was a prism through which medical and scientific researchers studied human variation, disease and inheritance. It examines how albinism paralleled a broader historical production of modern racial and pathological identities. T¬his research traces medico-scientific discourses in order to understand their affect on people diagnosed with albinism. It commences with analysis of ‘unusually white’ people in travel narratives and Enlightenment ephemera between 1650-1799. It bridges plural representations of ‘unusual whiteness’ as sub-human or racially distinct with the crystallisation from the 1770s of a pathological definition for ‘leucoethiopia’. It demonstrates circulation of medical case studies and the formal classification of albinism as congenital disease by medical men in 1822 reflected a far-reaching revolution in medical thought and practice across Europe. It links this medical paradigm shift with the rise of heredity theory from the 1850s. It argues widespread experimentation with albino animals supported fierce early twentieth-century debates among biologists about Mendel’s laws of heredity. It concludes with analysis of the dialectic between medical knowledge about albinism and ‘albino’ identities. It argues people with albinism both internalised and camouflaged medical associations with defect through the adoption of class privilege and individual social tactics. Overall, this research makes a significant claim to rethink the histories of race, disability and medicine. It spotlights albinism as a critical nexus to understand the making of the normal and the pathological body, and it pinpoints the unstable relationship between medical diagnosis and individual agency.

The default mode network (DMN) is active in the absence of task demands and during self-referential thought. Considerable evidence suggests that the DMN is involved in normative aspects of social cognition, and as such, disruptions in the function of DMN would be expected in disorders characterized by alterations in social function. Consistent with this notion, work in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) has demonstrated altered activation of several core regions of the DMN relative to neurotypical controls. Despite emergent evidence for alterations within the same brain systems in SAD and ASD, as well as a behavioral continuum of social impairments, no study to date has examined what is unique and what is common to the brain systems within these disorders. Therefore, the primary aim of the current study is to precisely characterize the topology of neural connectivity within the DMN in SAD and ASD and neurotypical controls in order to test the following hypotheses through functional and structural connectivity analyses of the DMN. Our analyses demonstrate increased coavtivation of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex in ASD and SAD compared to controls, as well as over and under connectivity in structural brain connectivity in ASD. These results may reflect general deficits in social function at rest, and disorder specific alterations in structural connectivity in ASD. / Master of Science

This paper examines the Camphill Community in Glencraig, Northern Ireland, as a casestudy for inclusive living for individuals with intellectual disabilities. This allows anin-depth understanding of the principles and practices of inclusive living, for peoplewith intellectual disabilities. The study is targeted at a four-representative sample ofindividuals working within the Camphill Community. The empirical data was analyzedusing the theoretical frameworks of the social disability model, holistic theory, and thecommunity therapeutic model. The results identified several fundamental principles andpractices that promote inclusive living, including mutual respect and recognition of eachindividual's dignity and worth, mutual support and shared responsibility, person-centredcare, social inclusion and accessibility, community life and inclusion, life-sharingpractices, meaningful work, and inclusive education for individuals with disabilities.The paper highlights specific practices within each of these categories, such asaccessibility in interior and exterior spaces, social activities and events that fosterinclusion, and the practice of meaningful work. This includes the methodologies usedby the Camphill Community. The findings of this study have important implications forimproving the lives of people with disabilities and promoting inclusive living practices.

Women with disabilities face multiple discrimination due to their gender and disability state. This is a literature study through the means of a content analysis of documents that explore the lives of women with disabilities in Sub-Saharan Africa. The study was conducted by reviewing documents surrounding the topics to display a representable picture of women with disabilities lives in the area and a discussion on what can be done to improve their situation. The study concluded that women with disabilities face a multitude of social barriers in their efforts to participate in their communities but also while conducting daily activities in their homes. The results of the study are categorised into different themes that represent aspects of social life.  Additionally, the study discusses The social model of disability theory from the women’s perspective. Development focus in regards to disability is skewed, and in need of review, women with disabilities need to be a more prominent discussion in the development mainstream. This study is a response to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities as well as the mention of persons with disabilities in Agenda 2030.

No abstract available. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / gm2014 / Centre for Human Rights / unrestricted