This research is based on semi-structured interviews with thirty-two people who understand themselves to be suffering from health problems called ecological illness, or environmental hypersensitivity. The research examines the experience of ecological illness. Given that the medical status of ecological illness is controversial, and that troubles considered to be ecological illness are typically vague and non-specific, the study focuses on meanings and interpretive frameworks that are applied in the definition of such troubles; by those affected, by significant others, and by physicians. The analysis examines the nature and course over time of definitions of trouble-related identity and the social psychological and practical consequences of such definitions for respondents' illness experience. Because respondents largely define their troubles as physical health problems, a central issue in the analysis is the medical and social legitimation of illness claims. The research found that, in the course of seeking medical treatment and legitimation for their problems, people's experiences of trouble were typically discredited. They were long unable to resolve conflicts between a self-identity as sick and others' assessments of them as "not sick" or psychologically troubled. While the eventual diagnosis of hypersensitivity was a profound relief to people in many respects, it was often not recognized and accepted by others as a basis for informal or "official'' sick role considerations. Because of scepticism toward the concept of multiple sensitivities, many people continued to feel stigmatized by their problems. The study illustrates the impact and significance of controversies within medicine for the experience of certain kinds of health problems. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-06-26T17:36:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DaianePiasMachado.pdf: 618795 bytes, checksum: 840ea95531275a994aca53621fb3d09c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-26T17:36:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DaianePiasMachado.pdf: 618795 bytes, checksum: 840ea95531275a994aca53621fb3d09c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-25 / Nenhuma / Esse estudo analisa como as empresas brasileiras de capital aberto utilizam a evidenciação ambiental para gerenciar sua legitimidade social, verificando o objetivo da evidenciação, se é ganhar, manter ou recuperar a legitimidade; a forma como isso ocorre se de maneira pragmática, moral ou cognitiva e as estratégias utilizadas para esse fim. Para isso, são examinadas as informações ambientais divulgadas nos relatórios de sustentabilidade das empresas que compõem a carteira do Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial (ISE) da Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo (BM&FBOVESPA), adotando-se como unidade de numeração os parágrafos evidenciados. A amostra é composta por 30 empresas pertencentes a diversos setores da economia. Quanto à natureza, trata-se de uma pesquisa aplicada, com objetivo descritivo, abordagem quantitativa do problema e procedimento técnico documental. Os dados obtidos no estudo permitem concluir que as empresas da amostra utilizam a evidenciação ambiental como instrumento para gerenciar sua legitimidade social, fazendo isso de várias formas e utilizando diversas estratégias. Evidenciam suas informações ambientais com o intuito, preferencialmente, de ganhar legitimidade, empregando equilibradamente a forma pragmática, moral e cognitiva em sua evidenciação, relatando ações que visem popularizar seus modelos, fazer adeptos à sua forma de gestão, cooptar integrantes para desenvolver ações ambientais, mostrar que produzem resultados ambientalmente adequados, entre outras. / This study examines how brazilian companies use environmental disclosure to manage its social legitimacy, verifying the purpose of disclosure, if it’s to gain, maintain or repair legitimacy; how this occurs, if it´s a pragmatic, moral or cognitive mode and the strategies used for this purpose. To do this, we examine environmental disclosures in sustainability reports of the companies listed at the Managerial Sustainability Index (ISE) from São Paulo’s Stock Exchange (BM&FBOVESPA), adopting as unit numbering the highlighted paragraphs. The sample consists of 30 companies belonging to various sectors of the economy. It is an applied research with descriptive objective, quantitative approach to the problem and a documentary research as a technical procedure. The data obtained in this study allow us to conclude that the sample companies use environmental disclosure as a tool to manage their social legitimacy, making it in many ways and using different strategies. Demonstrate their environmental information in order, preferably, to gain legitimacy, employing a balanced pragmatic, moral and cognitive in its disclosure, reporting actions aimed to popularize their models, making adherents to its way of management, co-opt members to develop environmental initiatives, show that produce environmentally adequate results, among others.

Cette recherche a pour principal dessein l’étude des fonctions revêtues par le passé dans la construction des sociétés égéennes entre le XIIe et le VIIe siècle avant J.-C., période charnière témoin de bouleversements socio-politiques et religieux au cours de laquelle on assiste à l’effondrement du système palatial et à l’émergence de la cité-État. La notion de mémoire constitue le cœur de notre approche : essentielle dans la construction des identités, elle est structurée par le paysage dans lequel tout homme évolue, incitant à considérer ces trois concepts de manière holistique. Nous nous sommes concentrée sur la conservation d’antiquités, palimpsestes du passé à ce jour peu étudiés. L’objectif premier a été d’élaborer une base de données recensant les occurrences dans les sphères funéraire, domestique, communautaire et rituelle, base sur laquelle ont ensuite été menées des analyses typologique, géographique et contextuelle permettant ainsi d’inscrire la question de la mémoire antique dans une perspective historique. / This study’s main goal is to understand the functions endorsed by the past in the making of Aegean societies between the 12th and 7th centuries B.C. This pivotal period, witnessing socio-political and religious changes, is also the time in which the palatial system collapses and the City-State rises. The concept of memory constitutes the core of our approach. It is an essential component in the identity construction, shaped by the landscape in which men live and evolve. These three concepts need to be treated holistically. This study focuses on the conservation of antiquities, palimpsests of the past, understudied to date. Our first concern was to establish a database of occurrences in burial, domestic, communal and ritual fields. This database constituting the working basis used to conduct typological, geographical and contextual analyses, therefore allowing to integrate the issue of ancient memory in a historical perspective.